CN105066602B - A kind of two drying chambers multifunctional drying apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of two drying chambers multifunctional drying apparatus, there is system, two drying chambers and heating pipeline assembly and computer measurement control system, including hermetically drying room A, hermetically drying room B including solar energy optical-thermal photovoltaic module, vacuum dehumidifying and superheated steam；Double containment hothouse is connected with main vacuum pump, auxiliary vacuum pump by waste vapour loop, and superheated steam pipeline is connected with turbo-steam separator by electric heater；Circulating water heating pipeline is connected with heat storage water tank；Ambient parameter in computer measurement control system collection two drying chambers, and vacuum dehumidifying and superheated steam generation system are controlled.Solar drying technology and vacuum drying technique, Superheated Steam Drying Technology are joined together by the present invention, the steam that material is produced during two Room are dried is recycled fully, realize low consumption, efficient, low temperature, environmental protection, low-cost drying, various dry technologies can be used alone and energy fusion application simultaneously, realize multi-functional drying.

Description

A kind of two drying chambers multifunctional drying apparatus

Technical field

The invention belongs to many technical tie-up dry technologies and apparatus field, specifically a kind of two drying chambers multifunctional dry Dry equipment.

Background technology

Drying is just closely related with the life of people since ancient times.Our times is faced with huge energy crisis, and the energy is short Lack and seriously threaten expanding economy, have become a great problem of world's urgent need to resolve, it is contemplated that world energy sources demand in 2020 Amount is up to 128.89 hundred million tons of oil equivalents, reaches within 2025 136.50 hundred million tons of oil equivalents, and average growth rate per annum is 1.2%.For in For state, particularly in recent years economic scale constantly expand and the larger two big main cause of population base under the influence of, Chinese energy There are many problems in source supply, and only drying operation just consumes national economy total energy consumption as one of Chinese big power consumer 12% or so；On the other hand, as traditional drying mode all adopts boiler etc. to produce steam, fuel as hot air drying mode Burning produces soot emissions, increases haze weather, air quality degradation, therefore adopts energy-conservation on a large scale or totally clean Drying equipment product or system are very urgent.Drying mode is each to the modern times from the natural air drying for meeting self-sufficient closed state Plant novel dried mode to emerge in an endless stream, such as vacuum drying, superheat steam drying, vacuum lyophilization, solar energy drying and two Kind or various drying mode combined dryings etc. are respectively applied to be dried different materials；On the other hand, it is with the development of society, right Product quality, drying efficiency and energy efficiency are proposed the zero-emission in higher requirement, particularly dry run, low cost More and more higher is even more Deng requirement, therefore dry heat and power supply is applied to using solar energy Thermophotovoltaic etc., can be fine Ground reaches zero-emission, operation low cost etc. and requires that this also provides new application approach for solar energy thermal photovoltaic, is solar energy The development of photo-thermal photovoltaic industry can greatly reduce its production cost there is provided a new development opportunity.But solar energy The heat of thermal photovoltaic, electrical efficiency are low and relatively costly and are affected larger by objective realities such as weather, thus application in must with select with Match hothouse dry environment control and dried medium, can just maximize favourable factors and minimize unfavourable ones, reach proposed high request.Now by phase Technology development at home and abroad in pass is simply described below.

1. the development in terms of solar energy Thermophotovoltaic and its dry application

Solar energy as a kind of inexhaustible energy, while and be do clean new forms of energy have it is larger excellent Gesture, solar energy are just more and more being studied and are being applied as drying source.Liu Yu, Wang Hai et al. were researched and developed in 2011 High-efficiency solar thermal-arrest carriage-type drying room.Carriage-type drying system is closed cuboid brick mix structure, is sat in the north facing the south, by wind Machine and the effective of chimney combine the pressure-naturally even wind air draft technology of introducing.Day maximum temperaturerise in solar energy drying room is 12.5 DEG C, up to 6.6 DEG C, internal temperature is uniform for per day temperature rise, and Fructus Vitis viniferae can foreshorten to 20d drying times, the green percentage of product of dried Fructus Vitis viniferae compared with Traditional dry-making method of dried improves 48.43%, it is adaptable to which the agricultural byproducts such as fruit and vegerable, Chinese crude drug are dried field.Zhong Hao et al. have studied sky Air supply heat pump auxiliary heat supplying solar water heating system under the weather conditions of Kunming Areas, to air source heat pump auxiliary heating solar energy Hot-water heating system has carried out a series of tests, analyzes the thermal performance of the system under different operating conditions.Test result shows this System has a larger energy-saving potential, and the per day COP of air source heat pump subsystem is up to 3.8 or so.The life of Lee Kaifeng, Shen Xiaoxi Et al. have studied small-sized all-weather solar drying machine and solve dry run present in fruit jelly traditional natural sun dehydration and take It is long, floor space is big, by weather control and environmental influence the problems such as.Equipment is main by heat collector, hothouse and aerator etc. Partly to constitute.With functions such as thermal-arrest, energy storage and auxiliary heating, it is capable of achieving forced convertion drying, free convection and is dried and temperature The drying modes such as room drying.The Zhejiang energy have studied photovoltaic and photothermal solar connection with Application of Nuclear Technology academy Du Qiang, numb triumphant grace Heat pump, the PVT components reequiped using general commercial solaode are closed, and sets up photovoltaic and photothermal joint based on this Heat pump experimental system.Wherein the excellent generation technology of light is by the photoelectric effect of the shortwave energy utilization semiconductor element in solar radiation Electric energy is converted to, its conversion efficiency generally 12%～17%, but affected larger by temperature, when per liter of solaode temperature When high 1 DEG C, its generating efficiency will reduce about 0.5%.Photothermal technique directly using the long wave heat radiation of sunlight, is received through heat collector After collection, working medium or object are directly heated.Heat collector is the core of solar thermal utilization, can carry out relatively simple non-concentrating low Warm is utilized, it is also possible to reach higher temperature using concentration structure, drives turbine, air conditioner etc..Light is utilized directly in China Hot hot water preparing is more popularized, and the technology is simple, with low cost, but overall thermal is inefficient, in the winter time or overcast and rainy worse, Need with auxiliary thermal sources such as electrical heating.A kind of new photovoltaic and photothermal solar PVT（Photovoltaic Thermal）Joint heat Pumping system.PVT heat collectors have light-focusing type and non-concentrating type, and, in heat storage water tank, light-focusing type temperature can for produced heat storage To reach more than 100 DEG C, 70 DEG C or so of non-concentrating type, therefore light-focusing type and non-concentrating can be adopted as needed in practical application Type.Using the hot water produced by the heat collector as drying equipment heater.

2. the development of vacuum drying technique

VacuumIt is dried, also known as parsing-desiccation, it is that one kind is placed in material under condition of negative pressure, and is suitably reached by heating negative Boiling point under pressure condition or after cooling causes material solidification by molten point come the drying mode of dried material.Water in material Point under negative pressure state molten point, boiling point all withVacuumRaising and reduce, while be aided with vacuum pump gap dehumidifier reducingWater Vapour contentSo that in material, the solution such as water obtains enough kinetic energy disengaging surface of material.VacuumIt is driedDue in negative pressure state Lower isolationAirSo that part easily oxidation etc. in dry runChemical changeMaterial preferably keep original characteristic, Can be by injectionNoble gasesThe mode of evacuation preferably protects material afterwards.Common vacuumIt is driedEquipment has：Vacuum is done Dry case, continuous vacuum drying equipment etc..VacuumIt is driedMode is various, can be divided into by boiling point and pass through for searching to the bottom Two kinds of fusing point.The present invention adopts boiling point mode.It is driedDuring, liquid moistureVaporizationThere is evaporation and two ways of seething with excitement.Water exists During boilingVaporizationVaporization rate of the speed ratio in evaporation is faster, and moisture evaporation becomes steam and can enter at any temperature OK.Moisture boiling becomes steam, can only carry out at a certain temperature, but when reductionPressureWhen, the boiling point of water is also reduced. For example, under 19.6kPa air pressure, the boiling point of water can drop to 60 °C.VacuumIt is driedMachine is exactly under vacuum conditions, there is provided heat Source, passes throughConduction of heat、Heat radiationThe enough heats of moisture in material are supplied Deng heat transfer type, evaporation and boiling are made while carrying out, AccelerateVaporizationSpeed.Meanwhile, evacuation is again quick to extract the steam for vaporizing out, and negative pressure state is formed around material, material Between ectonexine and surface and surroundingMediumBetween form largerHumidityGradient, accelerates vaporization rate, reaches quickIt is dried Purpose.VacuumIt is driedProcess by heat-supplying mode, heating-up temperature,Vacuum, coolant temperature, the species of material and initial temperature And the impact of the factor such as suffered thrust size, usual heat supply hasConduction of heat、Heat radiationThree kinds of modes are combined with both.VacuumIt is dry It is dryProcess be exactly by dried material be seated in it is closed be dried it is indoor, with while vacuum system evacuation to dried material Constantly heating, making the moisture inside material difference be spread to surface by pressure differential or concentration, hydrone obtains foot in surface of material No moreKinetic energy, the low-voltage space of vacuum chamber after intermolecular mutual attractive force is overcome, is escaped into, so as to what is taken away by vacuum pump Process.In vacuumIt is driedDuring, it is dried indoor pressure and is consistently lower than atmospheric pressure, gas molecula number is few, and density is low, oxygen-containing Amount is low, thus can be dried the material of easy oxidation deterioration, inflammable and explosive dangerous materials etc..To medicine, food and biological product energy Play certain sterilization effect, it is possible to reduce the chance of material microbiological contamination suppresses the growth of some antibacterials.Because water existsVaporizationDuring its temperature withVapour pressureIt is directly proportional, so vacuumIt is driedWhen material in moisture at low temperature with regard to energyVapour Change, it is possible to achieve cold drying.This is to heat sensitive material in some medicines, food and agricultural byproductsIt is driedIt is favourable.Such as Sugar liquid will be melted more than 70 DEG C of fractions.Appropriate selection should be carried out in application process.

3. the development of Superheated Steam Drying Technology

Superheat steam drying is that superheated steam is directly contacted with wet stock as dried medium, and the moisture in material is heated change For water vapour overflow, in the presence of blower fan, formed forced circulation air-flow, its heat mainly with the incoming material of convection type, It is dried a kind of emerging drying mode that the moisture for separating out is taken away by superheat steam drying medium again.With traditional hot blast（Hot-air） Drying is compared, and it has heat transfer coefficient big, and the thermal efficiency is high, and baking temperature is low, and energy-saving effect is notable, superior product quality after doing, Without blast and fire hazard, the features such as be conducive to environmental protection, extremely Chinese scholars note in recent years.In dry run, Superheated steam skims over surface of material as dried medium, and heat passes to wet stock, and the Free water of surface of material is heated vaporization, so as to Cause the difference of surface of material and internal hygroscopic water concentration.Under this difference, internal hygroscopic water just from liquid or gaseous form to Diffusion into the surface, the water vapour of gasification are taken away by superheated steam air-flow.Enter between material contained humidity and superheat steam drying medium Go the exchange of energy and quality.Superheated steam is both heat carrier, is matter carrier again, whole to be dried in a dynamic change mistake Cheng Zhong, and it is finally reached balance.Superheat steam drying be heat and mass transfer while carrying out during, dry rate is by speed of conducting heat Rate and mass transfer rate co- controlling.

Superheat steam drying is divided into two kinds：Super-heated steam drying and vacuum overheat steam drying.Carry out at ambient pressure , referred to as super-heated steam drying；Under vacuum conditions, superheat steam drying, referred to as vacuum overheat steam drying are realized.Often Pressure superheat steam drying is to be dried indoor hot-air progressively to be substituted by the steam in material and formed, no longer detailed here State.Vacuum-superheated steam drying of wood has been invented by treating of wood company of Denmark (The Danish Wood-treating Co) Kiln, the kiln after evacuation, with superheated steam as dried medium come desiccated wood.This new technology is done than conventional drying Dry speed wants fast 5～10 times, and energy consumption only reaches the 1/5～1/20 of conventional drying.Above superheat steam drying typically must be matched somebody with somebody in addition Set superheated steam generator such as superheated steam boiler first produces steam etc. to material water spray heating.Specific superheated steam vacuum Drying process is varied from (temperature and pressure as adopted is different) with different conditions, but technological principle is the same 's.By taking Japanese manufacturing enterprise's practical art as an example:First from boiler to drying machine body in steam 150 DEG C of heating steam, steam Steam pressure is 0.9MPa, while fine vacuum will be pumped in body, eliminates the oxygen in air in body as far as possible, and body Interior pressure will remain at 0.2MPa, and this process remains about 2h.Then stop steaming, by drying machine body Pressure is down to negative pressure state, and pressure is 0.09MPa, and this decompression process keeps 40min.In whole process, timber itself is simultaneously It is not dried, but is had the sensation of steaming and decocting, its purpose is to reduce the internal stress of timber.Due to the effect of evacuation, machine Internal steam boiling point temperature is reduced, and the moisture reached in 45 DEG C or so (rather than 100 DEG C of normal pressure) timber is just extracted Come, 120 DEG C are remained in the intrinsic pressure 0.2MPa opportunitys body temperature of whole body.

The application of solar drying technology at present is independent, without being combined with other technologies, greatly limit which Exhibition application, the structure of its hothouse are mainly relevant with Photo-thermal technology application, and complex structure, manufacturing cost are higher, answering in some areas With with certain limitation, the advantage that heliotechnics is particularly photovoltaic power generation technology is not brought into play.

The content of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of two drying chambers multifunctional drying apparatus, the drying equipment is by solar energy drying skill Art and vacuum drying technique, the characteristic of Superheated Steam Drying Technology three are joined together, and learn from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses, and fully recycle two Room The steam that material is produced in drying, realizes low consumption, efficient, low temperature, environmental protection, low-cost drying, while various dry technologies can It is used alone and energy fusion application, realizes multi-functional drying, with extremely high application value.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：

A kind of two drying chambers multifunctional drying apparatus, it is characterised in that：The equipment include solar energy optical-thermal photovoltaic module I, Vacuum dehumidifies and superheated steam occurs system II, two drying chambers and heating pipeline assembly III and computer measurement control system IV, The solar energy optical-thermal photovoltaic module I includes heat pump components, PVT components, three-phase inverter and heat storage water tank, in PVT components Photovoltaic battery panel be connected with three-phase inverter, the heat exchanger in PVT components）Cooling solar panel and heat pump components In evaporator heat exchange connection, heat exchanger and heat pump components are connected with heat storage water tank；The vacuum dehumidifying and superheated steam are sent out Raw system II includes main vacuum pump, auxiliary vacuum pump, one way stop peturn valve, pump discharge steam-water separator, turbo-steam separator, pipe Road, steam outlet pipe road, pump steam inlet solenoid electric valve, steam ports solenoid electric valve is pumped out, main vacuum pump and auxiliary vacuum pump pass through three-phase Inverter is connected with PVT components；Main vacuum pump and auxiliary vacuum pump are communicated with two drying chambers by one way stop peturn valve, and pass through pump Outlet steam-water separator is connected with turbo-steam separator；Turbo-steam separator is connected with electric heater and by pumping out steam ports Solenoid electric valve is communicated with two drying chambers；The two drying chambers and heating pipeline assembly III include that hermetically drying room A, sealing are dry Dry room B, electric heater, superheated steam pipeline, pipeline, circulating water heating pipeline and control valve, hermetically drying room A and hermetically drying Room B adopts case structure and floor distribution is pressed in which and places material；Hermetically drying room A and hermetically drying room B passes through pipeline and master Vacuum pump, the connection of auxiliary vacuum pump, are provided with control valve on pipeline；Electric heater is connected with PVT components by three-phase inverter； Superheated steam pipeline and circulating water heating pipeline are arranged in hermetically drying room A and hermetically drying room B, and superheated steam pipeline passes through Electric heater is connected with turbo-steam separator；Circulating water heating pipeline is connected with heat storage water tank；Computer measurement control system Ambient parameter in IV collection two drying chambers, and vacuum dehumidifying and superheated steam generation system II are controlled.

In the present invention, PVT components adopt PVT heat collector forms, photovoltaic battery panel to include plastic plate and aluminum fin-stock, plastics Plate and aluminum fin-stock are encapsulated into the box of heat insulating belt glass roof together with heat exchanger tube, around heat exchanger tube are provided with heat-insulation layer.It is main true Empty pump and auxiliary vacuum pump adopt same model specification.Electric heater is made up of 3 sections of electric heating coils, and electric heating coil is rustless steel quartz electric heating Circle, 0.5～1m of overall length, electric heating coil temperature are 230～270 DEG C.

The basic ideas of the present invention mainly have：（1）Thermal source and power supply of the solar energy thermal photovoltaic as dried material, but Efficiency is low, and area of such as increasing input is excessive, and cost will be difficult to bear, and vacuum drying technique and superheat steam drying are combined for this Technology can not only have been given play to which and do the advantages such as clean, low cost movement, while can also realize the purpose of low temperature, highly effective drying；（2）Adopt Combined with other dry technologies with vacuum technique, and according to material characteristic, the opening of valve group when being run by control system, Close, it is possible to achieve multi-functional drying, such as super-heated steam drying, vacuum overheat steam drying, hot air drying, vacuum drying Deng.By the technical method design, corresponding drying equipment is manufactured, can apply to the drying of almost all of material；（3）Generally Drying equipment be all a hothouse or dry room, it is each independent, therefore its waste vapour for producing directly discharged mostly, is recycled It is depending on must be according to the characteristic of its material, sometimes complex or difficult to realize, substantial amounts of energy waste is caused, it is of the present invention Drying equipment there are two hothouses, then mutually using the waste vapour given off in material on the one hand in time steam can be arranged Go out, on the other hand can be used as drying source, also can be used as dried medium；A kind of drying mode is not fixed in two Room simultaneously, may be used also To change according to the condition of production, various drying modes are realized.（4）During material is dried, the moisture in material is with thing The temperature of material is raised and evaporates increasing vapor migration to outside material, and this some vapor carries substantial amounts of heat, greatly It is directly discharged to waste in air more, is recycled the steam latent heat, material heating-up temperature and the efficiency of heating surface is had certain Improve, some vapor is become superheated steam through heating by the present invention, and be used for heated material, form superheated steam and do It is dry, further improve its efficiency of heating surface.Thus, solar energy optical-thermal or photovoltaic technology are united and applied in vacuum drying separately or together Technology, solve the problems, such as its efficiency it is low, application be restricted.

The present invention is using photovoltaic and photothermal solar technology as dry thermal source or power supply.Sent using photovoltaic power generation technology Electric energy can be through electric heater heated material, it is also possible to drive the operating of vacuum pump, circulating fan；Another aspect solar energy , compared with photo-thermal, controllability is strong, also directly can surf the Net grid-connected for photovoltaic.By solar energy optical-thermal or photovoltaic technology whole or it is used alone As thermal source or power supply in drying system, can according to the practical situations such as local weather, illumination and the material characteristic of required drying, And the budget of cost, benefit, determine to be more beneficial for improving efficiency and cost-effective using any.

Dehumidified using vacuum and superheated steam occurs system and can make to be dried indoor being in vacuum environment, while can also be right Steam is processed, such as dehumidifying, condensation, recovered steam latent heat and waste water, as become overheated with electric heater with the use of if Steam drying system.Using under vacuum condition, the vacuum more lower principle of the boiling point of Gao Zeshui, the i.e. boiling point of water can be far below 100 DEG C, such as when vacuum is 90%（I.e. air pressure is 9100Pa）, the boiling point of water is 45 DEG C.Therefore solar energy system only need to compared with Temperature needed for material just can be heated to by few heat easily can reach fluidized state, can so greatly improve thing Moisture evaporation speed in material.When the temperature of material reaches such as 45 DEG C of uniform temperature, in the presence of vacuum pump, vacuum is extracted Room air, makes to be dried interior under vacuum state, and now material evaporates supersaturated vapor in a large number and is extracted outdoor, Jing Excessive moisture therein is removed after supercooling, dehumidifying becomes low-temperature saturated steam, and the saturated vapor forms low after heating Warm superheated steam, realizes vacuum overheat steam drying.Heater is using photovoltaic electricity electric heater.Cooler, There is system in the composition vacuum dehumidifying such as dehumidifier and vacuum pump, control valve, electric heater and superheated steam.Jing dehumidifiers are discharged Moisture by the pipeline being arranged in hothouse wall be used as thermal source discharge, so will be further with heat energy.The water of discharge Can be also used for domestic water, toilet flushing etc..This is the key technology that the present invention forms superheat steam drying.

Using two hothouses, the high-temperature steam of loading, unloading material time and direct another room can be made full use of, a set of vacuum is shared Dehumidification system, improves efficiency, reduces input.It is dried in production, after hothouse new clothes wet feed, the temperature of material is relatively low and indoor steaming Vapour is less, and the heat transfer and heating of material need the time longer, increased the working time, and superheat steam drying needs a certain amount of steaming Vapour could realize that vapor (steam) temperature is relatively higher, then required heat is fewer, therefore adopt two hermetically drying cell structures, and two Room are altogether With a set of vacuum dehumidification system, the high-temperature steam of another room is become into the superheated steam of relatively-high temperature Jing after dehumidifying, heating, then one The high-temperature steam of room can be used as the thermal source of another room, you can mutually to utilize steam latent heat.By the control such as vacuum valve between two Room Make the flow direction of steam between two Room.Because the heating of material needs the regular hour, and two Room material handlings are required for the regular hour, The lay day of two Room is usually to stagger, in addition, heating is also required to the time, so between vacuum dehumidification system is in production run Every work.Two Room can be met completely using a set of vacuum system and be dried job requirement, save cost of investment.

The structure of close drying room of the present invention first has to the needs for meeting vacuum sealing and insulation；Which is secondary and adds The structure-integrated design-build of hot systems, to make full use of heat energy and reduce its floor space and cost.For convenience of explanation, by two Hothouse is referred to as hothouse A and hothouse B.Illustrate of the present invention so that A rooms are using vacuum overheat steam drying as an example The specific course of work of drying equipment and technique, technical method are as follows：

（1）Unload, feed；（2）Start heating associated components, component heating.It is made up of two parts：One is using in B rooms Steam.Lead to the valve group and passage of A rooms steam from B rooms in opening vacuum dehumidification system, and priming chamber interior circulation blower fan convection current is changed , to ensure that material is heated properly, now the steam in B rooms is via Jing Electrothermal rings again after the cooling of vacuum dehumidification system, dehumidifying for heat Heating, becomes superheated steam, the heat convection of material is realized in the presence of blower fan；Two is by solar energy system PVT heat exchangers The hot water Jing associated conduits that heat exchange is stored in heat storage water tank are arranged at dry interior and carry out conduction heating to material；Three is heat accumulation Water tank be dried chamber interior walls integrated design, can be to material and vacuum-chamber wall radiant heating.By three of the above mode of heating While utilization can improve the utilization rate and rapidity of solar energy optical-thermal；（3）System operation, evacuation.In order to realize low temperature Superheat steam drying, starts vacuum dehumidification system, vacuum chamber is operated in vacuum environment；Be dried room air reach 90% with On vacuum, close related valve group to maintain vacuum state.In the process, material has small part（3% or so）Moisture evaporation Can be extracted therewith；（4）Dehumidifying and superheat steam drying.During material is heated to 45 DEG C, particularly temperature of charge During close to or up 45 DEG C of temperature, a large amount of saturations, supersaturated vapor can be produced, the supersaturated vapor evaporated from material is true Empty pumping is drawn onto dehumidification system（Now air bleeding valve is to close, but vacuum pump always operation）In, the steam is condensed to be removed After wet, wherein 99% unnecessary moisture to be exhausted from system and become low-temperature saturated steam outward, and the steam is sent into dry again via steam exhaust piping Dry indoor heated device is heated and forms cryogenic overheating steam, directly acts on material produce in the presence of circulating fan again New supersaturated vapor.As more than, " heat convection-cooling-dehumidifying-heating " circulation, further promotes temperature of charge Improve, thus moisture is drained out outside system, and material is progressively dried.（5）The measurement and control material in dry run Moisture is excluded, the main measurement temperature of Measurement and Control System, humidity and vacuum.The bound of vacuum is set to determine aerofluxuss The startup and closing of valve group；When drying is bordering on end of a period, the water capacity of indoor water vapour is measured by temperature and humidity controller（Steam it is wet Degree is the humidity concept for having borrowed air）, judge and control system operation.

In sum, as long as the break-make for controlling aerofluxuss valve group by computer control system can just realize other drying sides Formula.Example exhaust valve group is opened, then can form super-heated steam drying.

Solar energy Thermophotovoltaic and vacuum drying technique, Superheated Steam Drying Technology three are respectively taken its length by the present invention Join together application, fully recycle the steam that material is produced during two Room are dried, realize low consumption, efficiently, it is low temperature, environmental protection, low Cost is dried, while various dry technologies can be used alone and energy fusion application, realizes multi-functional drying, pushes away with high Wide using value.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is solar energy thermal photovoltaic joint heat pump schematic diagram in the present invention；

Fig. 3 is PVT component cross-sectional views in the present invention.

Specific embodiment

A kind of two drying chambers multifunctional drying apparatus of the present invention, structural representation are as shown in Figure 1.Mainly by four Divide and constituted：（1）Solar energy optical-thermal photovoltaic module I.Solar energy optical-thermal photovoltaic module provides electricity, heat energy, a side for drying equipment The heating that face is used for needed for dried material, the temperature of material are raised and make moisture be evaporated from material；On the other hand it is used for Vacuum dehumidifies and superheated steam occurs the electricity consumption of system.（2）Vacuum dehumidifies and superheated steam occurs system II.This is institute of the present invention Topmost component in the drying equipment stated, is the system for realizing drying equipment various functions of the present invention；（3）Hothouse A, B and heating pipeline assembly III.Depending on the structure design of hothouse A, B typically also will be according to the characteristic of material, now using box knot Structure simultaneously presses layer distribution placement material in which.（4）Computer measurement control system IV.Ring in hothouse A, B is gathered mainly Border parameter, and the control for there is system to vacuum dehumidifying and superheated steam, realize the application of multi-functional dry technology.This Bright specific embodiment is described with reference to the drawings as follows：

Solar energy optical-thermal photovoltaic module I adopts the Zhejiang energy with Application of Nuclear Technology academy Du Qiang, numb triumphant grace research too Positive energy photovoltaic and photothermal joint heat pump is uninterrupted to ensure the energy needed for being dried.Mainly include heat pump components 25（It is optional Match somebody with somebody）, PVT components 26, three-phase inverter 27, the part such as heat storage water tank 28 composition.Fig. 2 show photovoltaic and photothermal joint heat pump system System principle schematic, Fig. 3 is 26 structural representation of PVT components, now makees brief description as follows：Equipment of the present invention is main Heat energy is needed, therefore using the PVT system components 26 of PVT heat collector forms.The PVT heat collectors and conventional solar energy heating Device is similar to very much, and it is by solaode（It is fabricated by with aluminum fin-stock 262 by plastic plate 263）With collecting part（Heat exchanger tube 261）Encapsulated into the box of heat insulating belt glass roof 264 together, and use heat-barrier material（Heat-insulation layer 265）, make such form With the of a relatively high thermal efficiency, but electrical efficiency is but relatively low due to the impact of glass roof reflection.PVT components 26 Middle heat exchanger 301 and the completely synthetic one of solar panel, install very convenient.Photovoltaic battery panel connects three-phase inverter 27, directly power to electrical network；PVT heat exchangers 301 cool down solar panel, its circulation waterway（By three-way control valve 303, list The direction of water in water route, the such as direction of arrow in figure are controlled to valve 304）With 25 evaporator heat exchange of heat pump；Assisted ground source heat exchanger 302 Storage summer waste heat, keeps solaode plate temperature to be unlikely to too high.Photovoltaic and photothermal combines the principle of heat pump components I It is：In the case of solaode normal work, its unnecessary heat is taken away using working medium, by heat in other ways in addition Utilize.In the present system, the second heat-exchange working medium and heat pump are introduced, although so increased heat transfer temperature loss, using solar energy The heat exchanger that the cooler of battery is united two into one with evaporator with heat pump, the structure of real system are more convenient, processing and manufacturing difficulty Reduce, facilitate implementation photovoltaic-photothermal integration system.Additionally, the introducing of the second heat transfer medium, also for while meeting heat demand The leeway for requiring to provide sweetly disposition is cooled down with battery.If combined with ground-coupled heat exchanger 302, have more than needed very much in summer heat When, unnecessary thermal energy exchange is stored to underground, in the winter time or during continuous wet weather low temperature, heat pump 25 is by ground-coupled heat exchanger 302 used as cold end, and heat removal is to 24 heat supply of water tank.In the winter time during snow cover solar panel, system can be cut manually Reversed operation is changed to, to solaode heat supply, to melt ice and snow, it is no longer necessary to carry out the artificial snow removing or wait of danger A few days.

Vacuum dehumidifies and superheated steam occurs system II mainly by main vacuum pump 5, auxiliary vacuum pump 15 and one way stop peturn valve 6th, pump discharge steam-water separator 7, turbo-steam separator 9, enter vapour pipeline 4 (admission passage) and steam outlet pipe road 8, pump steam inlet Solenoid electric valve 3, pump out steam ports solenoid electric valve 10.Vacuum system is conducive to adaptive system to vacuum using main and auxiliary pump mode The requirement of degree, while start being mainly used in following working condition：1）As A or（With）It is when B rooms start evacuation, certain in order to ensure Efficiency, vacuum pump 5,15 starts simultaneously；2）When in vacuum chamber, steam pressure reaches certain value while starting；3）In order to accelerate While starting when being dried progress.Other situations mainly start main vacuum pump 5.It is in order to apply convenient and Emergency use, major-minor true Empty pump can adopt same model specification, so also just can be with major-minor mixed and average use.The use power of vacuum pump with it is true The factors such as reciprocal of duty cycle, vacuum-chamber dimensions are related, and vacuum pump type selecting is selected according to the curve chart of specialty and determined, I will not elaborate, Suggestion is serial from 2BV, its using simply, it is small volume, easy to maintenance.Check-valves 6 are mainly used for preventing vacuum pump from stopping work When making, soda pop and pump oil flow backwards and can not keep vacuum；Overhead soda pop gravity separator 7 be for waste vapour at vacuum pump outlet with Pump cooling water or separating of oil device, from overhead reducing floor space；Thereafter steam-water separator 9（QF types）For steaming In vapour, coagulability liquid point is separated with steam, by the steam of moistening become the clean steam being dried and by air Jing therein thereon Emptying QI KOU is discharged.Coagulability liquid is allocated as domestic water（But cannot be used for it is edible or with edible relevant domestic water）, by Hose is expelled directly out.

Two drying chambers and heating pipeline assembly III include hermetically drying room A, hermetically drying room B, electric heater 11, overheated Steam pipework 17, waste vapour pipeline 4 (waste vapour loop), circulating water heating pipeline 19 and control valve.Hermetically drying room A and B structure For box.Specifically, its intensity, structure construction are designed according to vacuum force request first；Secondly it is main using multiple material By 2mm steel plates as outer layer, 5# angle steel and 10# I-steel as intermediate supports, 1mm corrosion resistant plates as internal layer or general steel plate It is internal layer to apply antirust paint etc., and each layer of the above is welded an entirety.In order to prevent indoor heat losses, between two iron plates Plus asbestos heat-insulation layer；Door is general using door is turned on, using encapsulants such as sealing strip, fluid sealants between door and doorframe Sealing is carried out, and compressed, pinned with common compressing structure.Specific design can be borrowed and specifically be changed as requested, with Meet the requirement of different material.Main contents because not being the present invention, I will not elaborate.

As room A（Or B）Interior steam is by pipeline 4, vacuum pump 5（10）, steam-water separator 7 extract out after be supersaturated vapor, After pipeline 8, cyclone separator 9, the steam overwhelming majority is changed into saturated vapor, Jing after electric heater 11 is heated into superheated steam, Solenoid electric valve 10 is opened according to drying mode and technological requirement, return to A or（With）B rooms, flow through uniform every 300mm thereon The overheated steam pipe 17 in 1mm holes, forms the multi-functional dryings such as superheated steam.Wherein electric heater 11 is by PVT solar panels Jing inverters 27 are directly powered, and its structure is made up of 3 sections of electric heating coils（It is so convenient directly to adopt three-phase alternating current electric wire wiring）, Electric heating coil is rustless steel quartz electric heating coil（Total 0.5～1m length）, electric heating coil temperature is 230～270 DEG C or so, then manage interior steam quilt It is heated to 160～210 DEG C or so.Hot water in heat collection water tank 28 distinguishes Jing A, B rooms under the control action of solenoid electric valve 2 Interior circulating water heating pipeline 19 directly heats material 21, and is drawn back in heat collection water tank 28 by water pump 24, now realizes back Receive heat heating.

Computer measurement control system IV is mainly by Temperature Humidity Sensor, three-phase contact vacuum meter, SIMENS PLC controls Device processed, SIMENS touch screens, A/D converter and process circuit, Electromagnetic Control valve coil（Control voltage 24V）, motor coil etc. Part constitutes.Wherein：Analogue measurement signal is converted into digital signal and is sent by Temperature Humidity Sensor measurement temperature, Jing A/D converters Enter PLC, sent to vacuum pump and pump motor coil, Electromagnetic Control valve coil according to drying process by PLC Control instruction；Three-phase contact vacuum meter measurement of vacuum simultaneously sends the main switch to vacuum pump and water pump according to setting bound Control signal；Selection and switching automatically and manually, the work of working method can be realized by the operating diagram on touch screen Make the operation such as parameter, the setting of control parameter and selection, the startup of system and stopping；The selection of electronic component and circuit design one As be requirement according to drying system depending on, I will not elaborate.

The realization of multi-functional drying and control mode, are dried mutual relation between working method and Electromagnetic Control valve coil such as Shown in subordinate list 1.The operation control of electromagnetic valve is relevant with A, B room, and corresponding electromagnetic valve is shut off when A or B do not work.Water pump Operation is related to the operation of whole hothouse, just closes when such as hothouse A, B does not work.

Subordinate list 1：It is dried working method and solenoid break-make relation table（+ logical；- disconnected）

Solar energy Thermophotovoltaic and vacuum drying technique, Superheated Steam Drying Technology three are respectively taken its length by the present invention Join together application, fully recycle the steam that material is produced during two Room are dried, realize low consumption, efficiently, it is low temperature, environmental protection, low Cost is dried, while various dry technologies can be used alone and energy fusion application, realizes multi-functional drying, with extremely high Application value.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of two drying chambers multifunctional drying apparatus, it is characterised in that：The equipment includes solar energy optical-thermal photovoltaic module（I）、 Vacuum dehumidifies and superheated steam occurs system（II）, two drying chambers and heating pipeline assembly（III）With computer measurement control it is System（IV）, the solar energy optical-thermal photovoltaic module（I）Including heat pump components（25）, PVT components（26）, three-phase inverter（27） And heat storage water tank（28）, PVT components（26）In photovoltaic battery panel and three-phase inverter（27）Connection, PVT components（26）In Heat exchanger（301）Cooling solar panel and heat pump components（25）In evaporator heat exchange connection, heat exchanger（301）With Heat pump components（25）And heat storage water tank（28）Connection；There is system in the vacuum dehumidifying and superheated steam（II）Including main vacuum Pump（5）, auxiliary vacuum pump（15）, one way stop peturn valve（6）, pump discharge steam-water separator（7）, turbo-steam separator（9）, pipeline （4）, steam outlet pipe road（8）, pump steam inlet solenoid electric valve（3）, pump out steam ports solenoid electric valve（10）, main vacuum pump（5）With it is auxiliary Vacuum pump（15）By three-phase inverter（27）With PVT components（26）Connection；Main vacuum pump（5）With auxiliary vacuum pump（15）Pass through One way stop peturn valve（6）Communicate with two drying chambers, and pass through pump discharge steam-water separator（7）With turbo-steam separator（9）Connection； Turbo-steam separator（9）With electric heater（11）Connect and by pumping out steam ports solenoid electric valve（10）With two drying chambers phase It is logical；The two drying chambers and heating pipeline assembly（III）Including hermetically drying room A, hermetically drying room B, electric heater（11）, mistake Vapourss pipeline（17）, pipeline（4）, circulating water heating pipeline（19）With control valve, hermetically drying room A and hermetically drying room B adopts Layer distribution is pressed with case structure and in which and places material；Hermetically drying room A and hermetically drying room B passes through pipeline（4）It is true with main Empty pump（5）, auxiliary vacuum pump（15）Connection, in pipeline（4）It is provided with control valve；Electric heater（11）By three-phase inverter（27） With PVT components（26）Connection；Superheated steam pipeline is equipped with hermetically drying room A and hermetically drying room B（17）And recirculated water Heating pipeline（19）, superheated steam pipeline（17）By electric heater（11）With turbo-steam separator（9）Connection；Recirculated water adds Pipe line（19）With heat storage water tank（28）Connection；Computer measurement control system（IV）Ambient parameter in collection two drying chambers, And vacuum is dehumidified and superheated steam generation system（II）It is controlled.

2. two drying chambers multifunctional drying apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：PVT components（26）Using PVT heat collector forms, photovoltaic battery panel include plastic plate and aluminum fin-stock, plastic plate and aluminum fin-stock encapsulate together with heat exchanger tube to In the box of heat insulating belt glass roof, heat-insulation layer is provided with around heat exchanger tube.

3. two drying chambers multifunctional drying apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Main vacuum pump（5）It is true with auxiliary Empty pump（15）Using same model specification.

4. two drying chambers multifunctional drying apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Electric heater（11）By 3 sections Electric heating coil is constituted, and electric heating coil is rustless steel quartz electric heating coil, and 0.5～1m of overall length, electric heating coil temperature are 230～270 DEG C.