CN105066602A - Double-drying-chamber multifunctional drying device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-drying-chamber multifunctional drying device. The double-drying-chamber multifunctional drying device comprises a solar photo-thermal and photovoltaic assembly, a vacuum dehumidification and overheated steam generation system, a double drying chamber and heating pipeline assembly and a computer measurement control system. The double drying chamber and heating pipeline assembly comprises a sealed drying chamber A and a sealed drying chamber B. The double sealed drying chambers are connected with a maim vacuum pump and an auxiliary vacuum pump through a waste steam loop. Overheated steam pipelines are connected with steam cyclone separators through electric heaters. Circulation water heating pipelines are communicated with heat storage water tanks. The computer measurement control system collects environment parameters in the double drying chambers and controls vacuum dehumidification and the overheated steam generation system. By means of the double drying chamber and heating pipeline assembly, the solar drying technology, the vacuum drying technology and the overheated steam drying technology are combined, steam generated by materials in two-chamber drying is fully recycled, low-consumption, efficiency, low-temperature, environment-friendly and low-cost drying is achieved, and meanwhile various drying technologies can be independently applied and can be applied in a fused mode as well so that multifunctional drying can be achieved.

Description

A kind of two drying chambers multifunctional drying apparatus

Technical field

The invention belongs to many technical tie-ups dry technology and apparatus field, specifically a kind of two drying chambers multifunctional drying apparatus.

Background technology

Dry just closely related with the life of people since ancient times.Our times is faced with huge energy crisis; expanding economy in energy shortage serious threat, has become a great problem that the world needs solution badly, estimates that the year two thousand twenty world energy sources demand will reach 128.89 hundred million tons of oil equivalents; within 2025, reach 136.50 hundred million tons of oil equivalents, average growth rate per annum is 1.2%.For China, particularly in recent years economic scale constantly expand and the large main cause of population base larger two impact under, there is many problems in Chinese energy supply, and only drying operation just consumes about 12% of national economy total energy consumption as one of the big power consumer of China; On the other hand, because traditional drying mode all adopts boiler etc. to produce steam as heated-air drying mode, fuel combustion produces soot emissions, and haze weather is increased, air quality degradation, therefore extensive adopt energy-conservation or clean clean drying equipment product or system very urgent.Drying mode emerges in an endless stream from the natural air drying meeting self-sufficient closed state to modern times various novel dried mode, as vacuum drying, superheat steam drying, vacuum freeze drying, solar energy drying and two or more drying mode combined dryings etc. are applied to dry different material respectively; On the other hand, along with the development of society, higher requirement is proposed to product quality, drying efficiency and energy efficiency, zero-emission particularly in dry run, low cost etc. require more and more higher especially, therefore solar energy Thermophotovoltaic etc. is adopted to be applied to dry heat and power supply, zero-emission can be reached well, run the requirements such as low cost, this is also for solar energy thermal photovoltaic provides new application approach, development for solar energy optical-thermal photovoltaic industry provides a new development opportunity, can reduce its production cost widely.But the heat of solar energy thermal photovoltaic, electrical efficiency are low and cost is higher and affect comparatively large by objective realities such as weather, therefore must control and drying medium with selecting the hothouse dry environment that match with it in application, just can maximize favourable factors and minimize unfavourable ones, reaching proposed high request.Now correlation technique development at home and abroad is simply described below.

1. the development of solar energy Thermophotovoltaic and dry application aspect thereof

Solar energy is as a kind of inexhaustible energy, and be again that dry clean new forms of energy have larger advantage, solar energy is just being subject to increasing investigation and application as drying source simultaneously.The people such as Liu Yu, Wang Hai researched and developed high-efficiency solar thermal-arrest carriage-type drying room in 2011.Carriage-type drying system is airtight cuboid brick mix structure, sits in the north facing the south, and introduces pressure-naturally even wind air draft technology by effective combination of blower fan and chimney.Day maximum temperaturerise in solar energy drying room is 12.5 DEG C, per day temperature rise can reach 6.6 DEG C, and internal temperature is even, and grape can foreshorten to 20d drying time, the more traditional dry-making method of dried of the green percentage of product of raisins improves 48.43%, is applicable to the dry field of the agricultural byproducts such as fruits and vegetables, Chinese medicine.The people such as Zhong Hao have studied air source heat pump auxiliary heat supplying solar water heating system under the weather conditions of Kunming Areas, carried out a series of test, analyze the thermal performance of system under different operating condition to air source heat pump auxiliary heating solar water heating system.Test result shows that this system has larger energy-saving potential, and the per day COP of air source heat pump subsystem can reach about 3.8.The people such as the life of Lee Kaifeng, Shen Xiaoxi have studied small-sized all-weather solar drying machine and solve the dry run length consuming time existed in fruit jelly traditional natural sun dehydration, and floor space is large, by problems such as sky pneumatic control and environmental influences.Equipment is made up of major parts such as heat collector, hothouse and air blasts.There is the functions such as thermal-arrest, energy storage and auxiliary heating, the drying modes such as the dry and greenhouse of forced convertion drying, free convection is dry can be realized.The Zhejiang energy have studied photovoltaic and photothermal solar combine heat pump with Application of Nuclear Technology research institute Du Qiang, numb triumphant grace, uses the PVT assembly of general commercial solar cell repacking, and sets up photovoltaic and photothermal associating heat pump experimental system based on this.Wherein the excellent generation technology of light is that the photoelectric effect of the shortwave Energy harvesting semiconductor element in solar radiation is converted to electric energy, its conversion efficiency is generally 12% ~ 17%, but it is comparatively large to be subject to temperature impact, and when solar cell temperature often raises 1 DEG C, its generating efficiency is by reduction about 0.5%.Photothermal technique directly utilizes the long wave heat radiation of sunlight, after heat collector is collected, and direct heating working medium or object.Heat collector is the core of solar thermal utilization, can carry out comparatively easy non-concentrating low-grade utility, and concentration structure also can be used to reach higher temperature, drives turbine, air conditioner etc.Directly utilize photo-thermal hot water preparing comparatively universal in China, this technology is simple, with low cost, but overall thermal efficiency is not high, in the winter time or overcast and rainy poorer, needs with auxiliary thermal sources such as electrical heating.A kind of new photovoltaic and photothermal solar PVT(PhotovoltaicThermal) combine heat pump.PVT heat collector has light-focusing type and non-concentrating type, and the heat storage produced is in heat storage water tank, and light-focusing type temperature can reach more than 100 DEG C, and therefore about 70 DEG C, non-concentrating type can adopt light-focusing type and non-concentrating type as required in practical application.The hot water adopting this heat collector to produce is as the heater of drying equipment.

2. the development of vacuum drying technique

Vacuum dry, having another name called parsing-desiccation, is under material is placed in condition of negative pressure by one, and suitably reaches the boiling point under negative pressure state by heating or carried out the drying mode of dried material after material being solidified by cooling by molten point.In material moisture under negative pressure state molten point, boiling point all along with vacuumraising and reduce, be aided with vavuum pump gap dehumidifier simultaneously and reduce moisture content, make the solution such as water in material obtain enough kinetic energy and depart from material surface.Vacuum drycompletely cut off under being in negative pressure state airpart is easily oxidized in dry run chemical changematerial better keep original characteristic, also can by inject inert gasafter the mode that vacuumizes better protect material.Common vacuum dryequipment has: vacuum drying chamber, continuous vacuum drying equipment etc.Vacuum drymode is various, searches to the bottom and can be divided into by boiling point with by fusing point two kinds.The present invention adopts boiling point mode. dryin process, liquid moisture vaporizationthere are evaporation and boiling two kinds of modes.Water seethe with excitement time vaporizationthe vaporization rate of velocity ratio when evaporating is faster, and moisture evaporation becomes steam and can carry out at any temperature.Moisture boiling becomes steam, can only carry out at a certain temperature, but when reducing pressuretime, the boiling point of water also reduces.Such as, under 19.6kPa air pressure, the boiling point of water can drop to 60 ° of C.Vacuum drymachine is exactly under vacuum conditions, provides thermal source, passes through heat transfer, heat radiationdeng the heat that moisture in heat transfer type supply material is enough, evaporation and boiling are carried out simultaneously, accelerates vaporizationspeed.Meanwhile, vacuumize and extract out fast the steam of vaporization, and form negative pressure state around material, between the ectonexine of material and surface and surrounding mediumbetween formed larger humiditygradient, accelerates vaporization rate, reaches quick dryobject.Vacuum dryprocess by heat-supplying mode, heating-up temperature, vacuum, coolant temperature, the kind of material and the impact of the factor such as initial temperature and suffered thrust size, usual heat supply has heat transfer, heat radiationwith both in conjunction with three kinds of modes.Vacuum dryprocess be exactly dried material is seated in airtight hothouse, while vacuumizing by vacuum system, dried material is constantly heated, make the moisture of internal batch by pressure differential or concentration diffusion difference to surface, hydrone material surface obtain enough kinetic energy, after overcoming intermolecular mutual attractive force, escape into the low-voltage space of vacuum chamber, thus by process that vavuum pump is taken away.In vacuum dryin process, the pressure in hothouse is all the time lower than atmospheric pressure, and gas molecula number is few, and density is low, and oxygen content is low, thus can material, the inflammable and explosive dangerous material etc. of dry easily oxidation deterioration.Certain sterilization effect can be played to medicine, food and biological products, the chance of material microbiological contamination can be reduced or suppress the growth of some bacterium.Because water exists vaporizationin process its temperature with vapour pressurebe directly proportional, so vacuum drytime material in moisture at low temperatures with regard to energy vaporization, can low temperature drying be realized.This is to heat sensitive material in some medicine, food and agricultural byproducts dryfavourable.As liquid glucose will melt more than 70 DEG C of fractions.Suitable selection should be carried out in application process.

3. the development of Superheated Steam Drying Technology

Superheat steam drying is that superheated steam directly contacts with wet stock as drying medium, moisture in material is heated and becomes water vapour spilling, under the effect of blower fan, form forced circulation air-flow, its heat mainly imports material into convection type, and dry moisture of separating out is again by a kind of emerging drying mode that superheat steam drying medium is taken away.Compared with traditional hot blast (hot-air) drying, it is large that it has heat transfer coefficient, and the thermal efficiency is high, and baking temperature is low, and energy-saving effect is remarkable, superior product quality after dry, and without blast and fire hazard, be conducive to the features such as protection of the environment, extremely Chinese scholars is noted in recent years.In dry run, superheated steam skims over material surface as drying medium, and heat passes to wet stock, and the Free water on material surface is heated vaporization, thus causes the difference of material surface and inner hygroscopic water concentration.Under this difference, inner hygroscopic water is just diffused to the surface by form that is liquid or gaseous state, and the water vapour of gasification is taken away by superheated steam air-flow.The exchange of energy and quality is carried out between material contained humidity and superheat steam drying medium.Superheated steam is heat carrier, is again matter carrier, and whole drying is in a dynamic changing process, and finally reaches balance.Superheat steam drying is that in the heat and mass transfer process of simultaneously carrying out, rate of drying is by rate of heat transfer and mass transfer rate co-controlling.

Superheat steam drying is divided into two kinds: super-heated steam drying and vacuum overheat steam drying.Carry out at ambient pressure, be called super-heated steam drying; Under vacuum conditions, realize superheat steam drying, be called vacuum overheat steam drying.Super-heated steam drying be hot-air in hothouse progressively substitute by the steam in material and formed, no longer describe in detail here.Vacuum-superheated steam lumber kiln has been invented by treating of wood company of Denmark (TheDanishWood-treatingCo), and this kiln after evacuation, carrys out desiccated wood with superheated steam as drying medium.This new technology is than conventional drying, and rate of drying wants fast 5 ~ 10 times, and energy consumption only reaches 1/5 ~ 1/20 of conventional drying.The other supporting superheated steam generator of the general palpus of above superheat steam drying is as superheated steam boiler or first to material water spray heating produces steam etc.Concrete superheated steam vacuum drying process changes to some extent with different conditions (temperature and pressure as adopted is different), but technological principle is the same.For Japanese manufacturing enterprise practical art: the heating steam of first being sprayed steaming 150 DEG C by boiler in dry body, steam pressure is 0.9MPa, be pumped into high vacuum by body simultaneously, eliminate the oxygen in body in air as far as possible, and the pressure in body will remain at 0.2MPa, this process approximately keeps 2h.Then stop spray steaming, by the Pressure Drop in drying machine body to negative pressure state, pressure is 0.09MPa, and this decompression process keeps 40min.In whole process, timber itself is not dried, but has the sensation of boiling, its objective is the internal stress in order to reduce timber.Due to the effect vacuumized, steam boiling point temperature in body reduces, and the moisture reached in about 45 DEG C (instead of 100 of normal pressure DEG C) timber is just drawn out of, and when pressing 0.2MPa in whole body, in body, temperature remains at 120 DEG C.

The application of current solar drying technology is independently, be not combined with other technologies, greatly limit its development and application, the structure of its hothouse is main relevant with Photo-thermal technology application, complex structure, manufacturing cost is higher, has certain limitation in the application in some areas, the advantage of heliotechnics particularly photovoltaic power generation technology is not brought into play.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide a kind of two drying chambers multifunctional drying apparatus, the characteristic of solar drying technology and vacuum drying technique, Superheated Steam Drying Technology three is joined together by this drying equipment, learn from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses, the steam that in abundant recycling two Room drying, material produces, realize low consumption, efficient, low temperature, environmental protection, low-cost drying, simultaneously various dry technology can be applied separately and can fusion application, realizes multi-functional drying, has extremely high application value.

Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A kind of two drying chambers multifunctional drying apparatus, it is characterized in that: this equipment comprises solar energy optical-thermal photovoltaic module I, vacuum dehumidifying and superheated steam generation systems II, two drying chambers and heating pipe line assembly III and computer measurement control system IV, described solar energy optical-thermal photovoltaic module I comprises heat pump components, PVT assembly, three-phase inverter and heat storage water tank, photovoltaic battery panel in PVT assembly is connected with three-phase inverter, heat exchanger in PVT assembly) cools solar cell plate being connected with the evaporator heat exchange in heat pump components, heat exchanger is all connected with heat storage water tank with heat pump components, described vacuum dehumidifying and superheated steam generation systems II comprise main vacuum pump, auxiliary vavuum pump, one way stop peturn valve, pump discharge steam-water separator, turbo-steam separator, pipeline, steam outlet pipe road, pump steam inlet solenoid electric valve, pump steam ports solenoid electric valve, and main vacuum pump is connected with PVT assembly by three-phase inverter with auxiliary vavuum pump, main vacuum pump and auxiliary vavuum pump are communicated with two drying chambers by one way stop peturn valve, and are connected with turbo-steam separator by pump discharge steam-water separator, turbo-steam separator is connected with electric heater and communicates with two drying chambers by pumping steam ports solenoid electric valve, described two drying chambers and heating pipe line assembly III comprise hermetically drying room A, hermetically drying room B, electric heater, superheated steam pipeline, pipeline, circulating water heating pipeline and control valve, and hermetically drying room A and hermetically drying room B adopts case structure and presses floor distribution within it and places material, hermetically drying room A is connected with main vacuum pump, auxiliary vavuum pump by pipeline with hermetically drying room B, and pipeline is provided with control valve, electric heater is connected with PVT assembly by three-phase inverter, superheated steam pipeline and circulating water heating pipeline are arranged in hermetically drying room A and hermetically drying room B, and superheated steam pipeline is connected with turbo-steam separator by electric heater, circulating water heating pipeline is connected with heat storage water tank, computer measurement control system IV gathers the ambient parameter in two drying chambers, and controls vacuum dehumidifying and superheated steam generation systems II.

In the present invention, PVT assembly adopts PVT heat collector form, and photovoltaic battery panel comprises plastic plate and aluminum fin-stock, and plastic plate and aluminum fin-stock are packaged in the box of heat insulating belt glass roof together with heat exchanger tube, around heat exchanger tube, be provided with heat-insulation layer.Main vacuum pump and auxiliary vavuum pump adopt same model specification.Electric heater is made up of 3 sections of electric heating coils, and electric heating coil is stainless steel quartz electric heating coil, and overall length 0.5 ~ 1m, electric heating coil temperature is 230 ~ 270 DEG C.

Basic ideas of the present invention mainly contain: (1) solar energy thermal photovoltaic is as the thermal source of dried material and power supply, but efficiency is on the low side, as excessive in area of increasing input, cost will be difficult to bear, the advantages such as its dry clean, low cost movement can not only be given play in conjunction with vacuum drying technique and Superheated Steam Drying Technology for this reason, also can realize the object of low temperature, highly effective drying simultaneously; (2) vacuum technique is adopted to combine with other dry technologies, and according to material characteristic, the open and close of valve group when being run by control system, can realize multi-functional drying, as super-heated steam drying, vacuum overheat steam drying, heated-air drying, vacuum drying etc.Designed by this technical method, manufactured corresponding drying equipment, the drying of nearly all material can be applied to; (3) general drying equipment is all a hothouse or dries room, respective independence, therefore its waste vapour produced directly discharges mostly, recycles and must determine according to the characteristic of its material, sometimes comparatively complicated or very difficult realization, cause a large amount of energy wastes, drying equipment of the present invention has two hothouses, then can mutually utilize the waste vapour given off in material, and one side is timely discharges steam, as drying source, also can be used as drying medium on the other hand; A kind of drying mode is not fixed in two Room simultaneously, can also change, realize multiple drying mode according to the condition of production.(4) in the process that material is dried, moisture in material evaporates increasing vapor migration to outside material with the temperature rising of material, this part steam carries a large amount of heats, mostly directly be discharged in air and waste, recycle this steam latent heat, heating material temperature and the efficiency of heating surface improve, this some vapor is become superheated steam through heating by the present invention, and be used for heated material, form superheat steam drying, improve its efficiency of heating surface further.Thus, solar energy optical-thermal or photovoltaic technology are united and applied in vacuum drying technique separately or together, solve the problem that its efficiency is low, application is restricted.

The present invention adopts photovoltaic and photothermal solar technology as the thermal source of drying or power supply.The electric energy adopting photovoltaic power generation technology to send can be passed through electric heater heated material, also can be used to the running driving vavuum pump, circulating fan; Photovoltaic is compared with photo-thermal on the other hand, and controllability is strong, also can directly surf the Net grid-connected.Solar energy optical-thermal or photovoltaic technology all or are separately applied in drying system as thermal source or power supply, can according to the material characteristic of the actual conditions such as local weather, illumination and required drying, and cost, benefit budget, determine adopt any being more conducive to raise the efficiency with cost-saving.

Adopt vacuum dehumidifying and superheated steam generation systems can make to be in vacuum environment in hothouse, also can process steam simultaneously, as dehumidifying, condensation, recovered steam latent heat and waste water, as with electric heater with the use of then becoming superheat steam drying system.Under utilizing vacuum condition, the principle that the boiling point of vacuum more Gao Zeshui is lower, namely the boiling point of water can far below 100 DEG C, and as when vacuum is 90% (air pressure is 9100Pa), the boiling point of water is 45 DEG C.Therefore solar energy system only needs less heat just easily heating material can be reached fluidized state to required temperature, greatly can improve the moisture evaporation rate in material like this.When the temperature of material reaches uniform temperature as 45 DEG C, under the effect of vavuum pump, extract vacuum room air, under making to be in vacuum state in hothouse, now material evaporates supersaturated vapor in a large number and is drawn out of outdoor, after supercooling, dehumidifying, the excessive moisture removed wherein becomes low-temperature saturated steam, and namely this saturated vapor forms cryogenic overheating steam after heating, realizes vacuum overheat steam drying.Heater is for adopting photovoltaic electricity electric heater.Cooler, dehumidifier and vavuum pump, control valve, electric heater etc. form vacuum and dehumidify and superheated steam generation systems.The moisture of discharging through dehumidifier is discharged as thermal source by the pipeline be arranged in hothouse wall, will utilize heat energy further like this.The water of discharging can also be used for domestic water, toilet flushing etc.This is the key technology that the present invention forms superheat steam drying.

Adopt two hothouses, the high-temperature steam of loading, unloading material time and another room direct can be made full use of, share a set of vacuum dehumidification system, raise the efficiency, reduce and drop into.In dry production, after hothouse new clothes wet feed, the temperature of material is lower and indoor steam is less, the heat transfer of material and heating need the time longer, add the working time, superheat steam drying needs a certain amount of steam to realize, vapor (steam) temperature is relatively higher, then required heat is fewer, therefore two hermetically drying cell structures are adopted, two Room share a set of vacuum dehumidification system, by the high-temperature steam of another room through dehumidifying, the superheated steam of relatively-high temperature is become after heating, then the high-temperature steam of a Room can as the thermal source of another room, namely mutually steam latent heat can be utilized.Controlled the flow direction of steam between two Room by vacuum valve etc. between two Room.Because the heating of material needs the regular hour, and two Room material handlings all need the regular hour, and the lay day of two Room generally staggers, and in addition, heating also needs the time, so vacuum dehumidification system is interval work in production run.Adopt a set of vacuum system can meet the dry job requirement in two Room completely, save cost of investment.

First the structure of close drying room of the present invention will meet the needs of vacuum seal and insulation; Its secondary and structure-integrated design-build of heating system, to make full use of heat energy and to reduce its floor space and cost.For convenience of explanation, two hothouses are called hothouse A and hothouse B.The course of work that drying equipment of the present invention is concrete and technique, technical method are as follows to adopt vacuum overheat steam drying to illustrate for A room:

(1) unload, feed; (2) heating associated components, device heats is started.Be made up of two parts: one is the steam utilizing B indoor.Open the valve group and passage of in vacuum dehumidification system, leading to A room steam from B room, and priming chamber Inner eycle blower fan heat convection is to ensure that material is heated properly, steam now in B room heats through Electrothermal ring via after the cooling of vacuum dehumidification system, dehumidifying again, become superheated steam, under the effect of blower fan, realize the heat convection of material; Two is the heat exchange of solar energy system PVT heat exchanger is stored in hot water in heat storage water tank to be arranged in hothouse through associated conduit and to carry out conduction heating to material; Three is heat storage water tank and the integrated design of hothouse inwall, can to material and vacuum-chamber wall radiation heating.By using utilization rate and the rapidity that can improve solar energy optical-thermal while above three kinds of mode of heatings; (3) system cloud gray model, vacuumizes.In order to realize cryogenic overheating steam drying, starting vacuum dehumidification system, making vacuum chamber operate in vacuum environment; Dry room air reaches the vacuum of more than 90%, closes related valves group to maintain vacuum state.In the process, material has the evaporation of small part (about 3%) moisture to be extracted thereupon; (4) dehumidifying and superheat steam drying.Be heated in the process of 45 DEG C at material, particularly temperature of charge close to or when reaching 45 DEG C of temperature, can produce saturated in a large number, supersaturated vapor, the supersaturated vapor evaporated from material is drawn into dehumidification system by vavuum pump, and (now air bleeding valve is closed, but vavuum pump is run always) in, this steam after dehumidification by condensation wherein 99% unnecessary moisture be exhausted from system and become low-temperature saturated steam outward, this steam is sent into heater via in hothouse via steam exhaust piping again and is added thermosetting cryogenic overheating steam, under the effect of circulating fan, directly act on material produce again the supersaturated vapor made new advances.Through so above " heat convection-cooling-dehumidifying-heating " circulation, promote that temperature of charge improves further, moisture is drained out outside system thus, and material is progressively dried.(5) measure and control the moisture of material in dry run and be excluded, the main measuring tempeature of Measurement and Control System, humidity and vacuum.The bound of setting vacuum is to determine startup and the closedown of air bleeding valve group; Drying is bordering at the end, and the water capacity of indoor water steam measures (humidity of steam is the humidity concept of having used air) by temperature and humidity controller, judges and control system operation.

In sum, as long as just other drying modes can be realized by the break-make of computer control system control air bleeding valve group.Example exhaust valve group is opened, then can form super-heated steam drying.

Solar energy Thermophotovoltaic and vacuum drying technique, Superheated Steam Drying Technology three are respectively got its long application of joining together by the present invention, the steam that in abundant recycling two Room drying, material produces, realize low consumption, efficient, low temperature, environmental protection, low-cost drying, simultaneously various dry technology can be applied separately and can fusion application, realize multi-functional drying, there is high application value.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is solar energy thermal photovoltaic associating heat pump schematic diagram in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is PVT assembly cross-sectional view in the present invention.

Detailed description of the invention

A kind of two drying chambers multifunctional drying apparatus of the present invention, structural representation as shown in Figure 1.Formed primarily of four parts: (1) solar energy optical-thermal photovoltaic module I.Solar energy optical-thermal photovoltaic module provides electricity, heat energy for drying equipment, is used for the heating needed for dried material on the one hand, and the temperature of material raises and moisture is evaporated from material; Be used for the electricity consumption of vacuum dehumidifying and superheated steam generation systems on the other hand.(2) vacuum dehumidifying and superheated steam generation systems II.This is topmost assembly in drying equipment of the present invention, is the system realizing the various function of drying equipment of the present invention; (3) hothouse A, B and heating pipe line assembly III.The structural design of hothouse A, B generally also will be determined according to the characteristic of material, now adopts case structure and press layer distribution within it to place material.(4) computer measurement control system IV.Mainly gather the ambient parameter in hothouse A, B, and for the control to vacuum dehumidifying and superheated steam generation systems, realize the application of multi-functional dry technology.The concrete embodiment accompanying drawings of the present invention is as follows:

The solar energy optical-thermal photovoltaic module I employing Zhejiang energy combines heat pump with the photovoltaic and photothermal solar of Application of Nuclear Technology research institute Du Qiang, numb triumphant grace research uninterrupted to ensure the energy needed for drying.Mainly comprise heat pump components 25(can match), the parts such as PVT assembly 26, three-phase inverter 27, heat storage water tank 28 composition.Figure 2 shows that photovoltaic and photothermal associating heat pump principle schematic, Fig. 3 is PVT assembly 26 structural representation, now makes brief description as follows: equipment of the present invention mainly needs heat energy, therefore adopts the PVT system component 26 of PVT heat collector form.This PVT heat collector is very similar with conventional solar thermal collector, solar cell (to be manufactured with aluminum fin-stock 262 by plastic plate 263 and form) is packaged in the box of heat insulating belt glass roof 264 by it together with collecting part (heat exchanger tube 261), and use heat-barrier material (heat-insulation layer 265), make such form have the relatively high thermal efficiency, but electrical efficiency is but relatively low due to the impact of glass roof reflection.In PVT assembly 26, heat exchanger 301 and the complete integrator of solar panel, install very convenient.Photovoltaic battery panel connects three-phase inverter 27, directly powers to electrical network; PVT heat exchanger 301 cools solar cell plate, its circulation waterway (being controlled the direction of water in water route by three-way control valve 303, check valve 304, as the direction of arrow in figure) and heat pump 25 evaporator heat exchange; Assisted ground source heat exchanger 302 stores waste heat in summer, keeps solar cell plate temperature to be unlikely to too high.The principle of photovoltaic and photothermal associating heat pump components I is: when solar cell normally works, and uses working medium to take away its unnecessary heat, other modes of heat is used.In the present system, introduce the second heat-exchange working medium and heat pump, although add heat transfer temperature loss like this, adopt the heat exchanger that the cooler of solar cell and evaporator with heat pump unite two into one, the structure of real system is more convenient, processing and manufacturing difficulty reduces, and is convenient to realize photovoltaic-photothermal integration system.In addition, the introducing of the second heat transfer medium, also for meeting heat demand and battery cooling requires to provide the leeway of sweetly disposition simultaneously.If be combined with ground-coupled heat exchanger 302, when summer, heat was had more than needed very much, unnecessary thermal energy exchange is stored to underground, in the winter time or continuous overcast and rainy low temperature time, heat pump 25 is using ground-coupled heat exchanger 302 as cold junction, and heat removal is to water tank 24 heat supply.In the winter time during snow cover solar panel, system can be manually switched to reversed operation, to solar cell heat supply, in order to thaw ice and snow, no longer needs carry out dangerous artificial snow removing or wait for a few days.

Vacuum dehumidifying and superheated steam generation systems II primarily of main vacuum pump 5, auxiliary vavuum pump 15 and one way stop peturn valve 6, pump discharge steam-water separator 7, turbo-steam separator 9, admission pipeline 4 (admission passage) and steam outlet pipe road 8, pump steam inlet solenoid electric valve 3, pump steam ports solenoid electric valve 10.Vacuum system adopts main and auxiliary pump mode to be conducive to the requirement of adaptive system to vacuum, simultaneously start be mainly used in following working condition: 1) when A or (with) B room start to vacuumize time, in order to ensure certain efficiency, vavuum pump 5,15 starts simultaneously; 2) start when the indoor steam pressure of vacuum reaches certain value simultaneously; 3) in order to start when accelerating dry progress simultaneously.Other situation mainly starts main vacuum pump 5.In order to apply convenient and Emergency use, major-minor vavuum pump can adopt same model specification, so also just can major-minor mixed and average use.The use power of vavuum pump is relevant to the factor such as vacuum, vacuum-chamber dimensions, and vavuum pump type selecting is selected according to the curve of specialty and determined, no longer describes in detail here, and 2BV series is selected in suggestion, and it uses simply, volume is little, easy to maintenance.When check-valves 6 is mainly used for preventing vavuum pump from quitting work, carbonated drink and pump oil flow backwards and can not keep vacuum; Overhead carbonated drink gravity separator 7 is the devices be separated with pump cooling water or oil for vacuum pump outlet place waste vapour, selects overhead to reduce floor space; Thereafter steam-water separator 9(QF type) divide and being separated of steam for coagulability liquid in steam, moistening steam is become clean dry steam and by the emptying gas port discharge through it on of air wherein.Coagulability liquid divide as domestic water (but can not be used for edible or with edible relevant domestic water), directly discharged by hose.

Two drying chambers and heating pipe line assembly III comprise hermetically drying room A, hermetically drying room B, electric heater 11, superheated steam pipeline 17, waste vapour pipeline 4 (waste vapour loop), circulating water heating pipeline 19 and control valve.Hermetically drying room A and B structure are box.Specifically, first its intensity, structure structure is designed according to vacuum force request; Secondly adopting multiple material to be coated with antirust paint etc. as intermediate supports, 1mm corrosion resistant plate as internal layer or general steel plate as outer, 5# angle steel and 10# I-steel primarily of 2mm steel plate is internal layer, and above each layer is welded an entirety.In order to prevent indoor heat losses, between two iron plates, add asbestos heat-insulation layer; The general employing of door turns on door, adopts the encapsulant such as sealing strip, fluid sealant to carry out sealing between door and doorframe, and compresses with common compressing structure, pin.Specific design can be borrowed and be carried out concrete change as requested, to meet the requirement of different material.Because being not main contents of the present invention, no longer describe in detail here.

As room A(or B) in steam by pipeline 4, vavuum pump 5(10), steam-water separator 7 extract out after for supersaturated vapor, after pipeline 8, cyclone separator 9, the steam overwhelming majority becomes saturated vapor, superheated steam is become after electric heater 11 heats, solenoid electric valve 10 is opened according to drying mode and technological requirement, get back to A or (with) B room, flow through on it every 300mm uniform the overheated steam pipe 17 in 1mm hole, form the multi-functional drying such as superheated steam.Wherein electric heater 11 is directly powered through inverter 27 by PVT solar panel, its structure is made up of (wiring of convenient so directly employing three-phase alternating current electric wire) 3 sections of electric heating coils, electric heating coil is stainless steel quartz electric heating coil (total 0.5 ~ 1m is long), electric heating coil temperature is about 230 ~ 270 DEG C, then in pipe, steam is heated to about 160 ~ 210 DEG C.Hot water in heat collection water tank 28 is under the control action of solenoid electric valve 2, and the circulating water heating pipeline 19 respectively through A, B indoor is heated material 21 directly, and is drawn back in heat collection water tank 28 by water pump 24, now achieves and reclaims heat heating.

Computer measurement control system IV is mainly made up of the part such as Temperature Humidity Sensor, three-phase contact vacuum meter, SIMENSPLC controller, SIMENS touch-screen, A/D converter and treatment circuit, Electromagnetic Control valve coil (control voltage 24V), motor coil.Wherein: Temperature Humidity Sensor measuring tempeature, analogue measurement signal converted to data signal through A/D converter and send into PLC, send control instruction to vavuum pump and pump motor coil, Electromagnetic Control valve coil by PLC according to drying process; Three-phase contact vacuum meter measurement of vacuum also sends the master switch control signal to vavuum pump and water pump according to setting bound; The operation such as startup and stopping of the selection of working method and automatic and manual switching, running parameter, the setting of controling parameters and selection, system can be realized by the operating diagram on touch-screen; The selection of electronic component and circuit design are generally requirement according to drying system and determine, and no longer describe in detail here.

The realization of multi-functional drying and control mode, the correlation between dry working method and Electromagnetic Control valve coil as shown in appendix 1.The operation of magnetic valve controls relevant with A, B room, just closes corresponding magnetic valve when A or B does not work.The operation of water pump is relevant to the operation of whole hothouse, as just closed when hothouse A, B do not work.

subordinate list 1:dry working method and solenoid break-make relation table (+lead to;-disconnected)

Solar energy Thermophotovoltaic and vacuum drying technique, Superheated Steam Drying Technology three are respectively got its long application of joining together by the present invention, the steam that in abundant recycling two Room drying, material produces, realize low consumption, efficient, low temperature, environmental protection, low-cost drying, simultaneously various dry technology can be applied separately and can fusion application, realize multi-functional drying, there is extremely high application value.

Claims (4)

1. a two drying chambers multifunctional drying apparatus, it is characterized in that: this equipment comprises solar energy optical-thermal photovoltaic module (I), vacuum dehumidifying and superheated steam generation systems (II), two drying chambers and heating pipe line assembly (III) and computer measurement control system (IV), described solar energy optical-thermal photovoltaic module (I) comprises heat pump components (25), PVT assembly (26), three-phase inverter (27) and heat storage water tank (28), photovoltaic battery panel in PVT assembly (26) is connected with three-phase inverter (27), heat exchanger (301) cools solar cell plate in PVT assembly (26) is also connected with the evaporator heat exchange in heat pump components (25), heat exchanger (301) is all connected with heat storage water tank (28) with heat pump components (25), described vacuum dehumidifying and superheated steam generation systems (II) comprise main vacuum pump (5), auxiliary vavuum pump (15), one way stop peturn valve (6), pump discharge steam-water separator (7), turbo-steam separator (9), pipeline (4), steam outlet pipe road (8), pump steam inlet solenoid electric valve (3), pump steam ports solenoid electric valve (10), and main vacuum pump (5) is connected with PVT assembly (26) by three-phase inverter (27) with auxiliary vavuum pump (15), main vacuum pump (5) and auxiliary vavuum pump (15) are communicated with two drying chambers by one way stop peturn valve (6), and are connected with turbo-steam separator (9) by pump discharge steam-water separator (7), turbo-steam separator (9) is connected with electric heater (11) and communicates with two drying chambers by pumping steam ports solenoid electric valve (10), described two drying chambers and heating pipe line assembly (III) comprise hermetically drying room A, hermetically drying room B, electric heater (11), superheated steam pipeline (17), pipeline (4), circulating water heating pipeline (19) and control valve, and hermetically drying room A and hermetically drying room B adopts case structure and presses floor distribution within it and places material, hermetically drying room A is connected with main vacuum pump (5), auxiliary vavuum pump (15) by pipeline (4) with hermetically drying room B, and pipeline (4) is provided with control valve, electric heater (11) is connected with PVT assembly (26) by three-phase inverter (27), superheated steam pipeline (17) and circulating water heating pipeline (19) are arranged in hermetically drying room A and hermetically drying room B, and superheated steam pipeline (17) is connected with turbo-steam separator (9) by electric heater (11), circulating water heating pipeline (19) is connected with heat storage water tank (28), computer measurement control system (IV) gathers the ambient parameter in two drying chambers, and controls vacuum dehumidifying and superheated steam generation systems (II).

2. two drying chambers multifunctional drying apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: PVT assembly (26) adopts PVT heat collector form, photovoltaic battery panel comprises plastic plate and aluminum fin-stock, plastic plate and aluminum fin-stock are packaged in the box of heat insulating belt glass roof together with heat exchanger tube, around heat exchanger tube, be provided with heat-insulation layer.

3. two drying chambers multifunctional drying apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that: main vacuum pump (5) and auxiliary vavuum pump (15) adopt same model specification.

4. two drying chambers multifunctional drying apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that: electric heater (11) is made up of 3 sections of electric heating coils, and electric heating coil is stainless steel quartz electric heating coil, and overall length 0.5 ~ 1m, electric heating coil temperature is 230 ~ 270 DEG C.