CN105064988A - Slim-hole natural gamma spectrometry logging device - Google Patents
Slim-hole natural gamma spectrometry logging device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105064988A CN105064988A CN201510469411.XA CN201510469411A CN105064988A CN 105064988 A CN105064988 A CN 105064988A CN 201510469411 A CN201510469411 A CN 201510469411A CN 105064988 A CN105064988 A CN 105064988A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a slim-hole natural gamma spectrometry logging device. In one embodiment, the slim-hole natural gamma spectrometry logging device comprises a probe, an analog circuit and a digital circuit, wherein the probe comprises a photomuitplier and a sodium iodide crystal with the diameter Phi being 38*300mm; the analog circuit is used for magnifying voltage pulses converted by the probe and converting peak value signals into digital signals when voltage pulse peak value signals are stable; the digital circuit comprises an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) and a single chip microcomputer; the FPGA is used for controlling voltage pulse signal conversion, accumulating the digital signals to form gamma spectrometry and transmitting the gamma spectrometry to the single chip microcomputer through UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter) protocols; and the single chip microcomputer transmits the gamma spectrometry to an upper computer through a CAN (Controller Area Network) bus. The embodiment has the advantages that the FPGA technology is adopted for realizing high integration of a data collecting circuit; the instrument volume is reduced; and the 60mm slim-hole natural gamma spectrometry logging measurement under the condition without a vacuum flask is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to FPGA technology and well logging field, particularly relate to 60mm slim-hole natural gamma-ray spectrometry measuring system.
Background technology
Radioactive element containing varying number in stratum, there is decay and produce gammaphoton in radionuclide, the generation secondary electron of having an effect of gamma ray and material, these electronic energies cause the atomic ionization in material and excite, these atoms of being excited discharge unnecessary energy when de excitation with the form of emitting fluorescence, light pulse can be become electric pulse by photomultiplier, and very faint light is transformed into larger voltage pulse pro rata.
Natural gamma-ray spectrometry changes the gammaphoton radiated in stratum into voltage pulse by probe, is transported to ground instrument, to determine the content of radioactive nucleus uranium in stratum, thorium, potassium through amplifying.The natural gamma-ray spectroscopy tool of domestic and import at present, adopts the integrated components and parts of middle and small scale in a large number, causes volume more than 90mm.Some hydrothermal-type uranium deposit of China belong to uranium, thorium mixed type mineral deposit, and this type of mineral deposit needs to adopt gamma spectrometry log method to measure the uranium thorium content of ore respectively, accurately could calculate the reserves of uranium.But the borehole diameter of existing drilling well is more and more less, adopt the gamma spectroscopy tool of vacuum flask design, reduce the diameter of crystal in probe further, detection efficient reduces, and statistical fluctuation increases, and cannot be adapted to the drilling well of existing slim-hole.
For the problems referred to above, be badly in need of the gamma spectrometry log device that exploitation a kind ofly can be measured slimhole drilling, reliability is strong.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of slim-hole natural gamma-ray spectrometry device is provided, this device probe adopts sodium iodide crystal and photomultiplier, the basis meeting hot conditions in drilling well improves the diameter of sodium iodide crystal in probe to greatest extent, eliminating variations in temperature in drilling well by power spectrum control circuit causes impulse amplitude to change, keep characteristic peak spectrum stabilization in well logging, and it is integrated to realize the height of data acquisition circuit by FPGA technology, achieve the measurement of natural gamma spectra under slim-hole, hot conditions
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of slim-hole natural gamma-ray spectrometry device, comprising: probe, analog circuit and digital circuit;
It is Φ 38 × 300mm sodium iodide crystal and photomultiplier that probe comprises diameter;
Analog circuit, for amplifying the voltage pulse of probe conversion, and when voltage pulse peak signal is stablized, is converted to data signal by peak signal;
Digital circuit comprises FPGA and single-chip microcomputer;
FPGA, the signal for control voltage pulse is changed, and accumulative data signal forms gamma spectra, and by UART agreement, gamma spectra is transferred to single-chip microcomputer;
Gamma spectra is transferred to host computer through CAN by single-chip microcomputer.
Preferably, UART protocol integration in FPGA, for the both-way communication of FPGA and single-chip microcomputer;
Preferably, slim-hole natural gamma-ray spectrometry device also comprises low pass filter, is integrated in FPGA, for filtering the noise that photomultiplier produces, reduces noise to the impact of certainty of measurement.
Preferably, analog circuit specifically comprises: pre-amplification circuit, baseline restorer circuit, power spectrum control circuit, peak holding circuit and impulse amplitude change-over circuit, and wherein, power spectrum control circuit, for controlling the output of high voltage source, keeps characteristic peak spectrum stabilization.
Preferably, slim-hole natural gamma-ray spectrometry device also comprises communication module, has CAN controller and CAN transceiver, and wherein, CAN controller, is integrated in single-chip microcomputer inside, for the both-way communication of single-chip microcomputer and host computer.
Preferably, analog circuit comprises pre-amplification circuit, baseline restorer circuit, power spectrum control circuit, peak holding circuit and impulse amplitude change-over circuit, wherein, power spectrum control circuit, by adjusting the output of high voltage source, thus change voltage, thus controlling feature peak spectrum stabilization in photomultiplier.
Preferably, slim-hole natural gamma-ray spectrometry device also comprises power module.
Preferably, probe, analog circuit, digital circuit, communication module and power module are integrated on one piece of surface-mounted integrated circuit.、
Preferably, slim-hole natural gamma-ray spectrometry device maximum outside diameter is 60mm.
The height that the present invention realizes data acquisition circuit by FPGA technology is integrated, FPGA directly controls analog-digital converter, realize pulse amplitude analysis and become spectrum process, UART protocol is adopted between SCM&FPGA, take full advantage of the design resource of FPGA, effectively reduce hardware and transmission data wire scale.Pop one's head under maintenance well surveying device external diameter is less than the condition of 60mm, increase the diameter of probe crystal, power spectrum control circuit, by the output of adjustment high voltage source, keeps characteristic peak spectrum stabilization, improve instrument reliability, under achieving hot conditions, the natural gamma-ray spectrometry of 60mm slim-hole is measured.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The well logging apparatus schematic diagram that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The pre-amplification circuit that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention and baseline restorer circuit diagram;
The peak holding circuit schematic diagram that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The impulse amplitude change-over circuit schematic diagram that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The measuring system digital circuit schematic diagram that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The power spectrum control circuit schematic diagram that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The CAN transceiver schematic diagram that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
For ease of the understanding to the embodiment of the present invention, be further explained explanation below in conjunction with accompanying drawing with specific embodiment, embodiment does not form the restriction to the embodiment of the present invention.
The well logging apparatus schematic diagram that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment specifically comprises: probe, pre-amplification circuit, baseline restorer circuit, peak holding circuit, power spectrum control circuit, analog to digital conversion circuit, single-chip microcomputer, FPGA, CAN transceiver, host computer and power supply.There is decay and produce gammaphoton in the radionuclide in stratum, gammaphoton and the stratum atomic interaction produced in secondary electron and probe in sodium iodide crystal of having an effect produces fluorescence, and very faint light pulse is transformed into larger voltage pulse by photomultiplier pro rata.
Particularly, pop one's head in primarily of sodium iodide (thallium) crystal, photomultiplier composition, sodium iodide crystal has resistant to elevated temperatures characteristic, meeting under the volume that slim-hole specifies, improve the diameter of probe crystal to greatest extent, improve detection efficient, this instrument crystal size is Φ 38X300mm, and photomultiplier adopts the photomultiplier R9722A of resistance to 175 DEG C of high temperature.
Particularly, in this course, the dark current of photomultiplier and R9722A can produce noise, by being integrated in the low pass filter filtered noise of FPGA inside, arrange noise threshold, reduce noise to the impact of certainty of measurement.
The pre-amplification circuit that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention and baseline restorer circuit diagram.As shown in Figure 2, the voltage pulse signal GRIN obtained through gathering conversion is connected to pre-amplification circuit and baseline restorer circuit.Pre-amplification circuit forms primarily of two operational amplifier U7 and U11, and the signal GRIN from probe is carried out two-stage amplification, potentiometer R32 major control pulse width variation, and potentiometer R33 is used for adjusting the changes in amplitude of sampling.As shown in Figure 2, baseline restorer circuit is formed primarily of transistor D4, D5 and Resistor-Capacitor Unit, for eliminating the needle position misalignment that pulse signal causes, avoids earlier pulses to affect succeeding impulse amplitude measurement.Peak holding circuit and impulse amplitude change-over circuit is connected to through the signal GRPO of pre-amplification circuit and baseline restorer processing of circuit.
The peak holding circuit schematic diagram that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 3, peak holding circuit adopts HA1-5320/883, is the front end circuit of high-speed a/d conversion, for obtaining the peak signal of gamma pulses, and keeps stable in the A/D transition period, thus ensures the precision of A/D conversion.AIND is to impulse amplitude change-over circuit for peak holding circuit output signal.
The impulse amplitude change-over circuit schematic diagram that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 4, impulse amplitude change-over circuit adopts AD7265 to realize, and have 12 bit resolutions, switching rate reaches 1MSPS, ensure that precision and the speed of conversion.Impulse amplitude scaling transformation for being inputted by peak holding circuit becomes address code, a recorded trace of each address correspond to memories, and often entering a pulse just increases a counting, and accumulation per pass counts, and the gamma spectra obtaining a counting rate and location, road is composed.This function is that the natural gamma spectra that A/D converts is stored in FPGA by the FPGA control realization in digital display circuit.When FPGA receives the instruction that single-chip microcomputer sends, gamma spectra is sent to single-chip microcomputer by FPGA, and then single-chip microcomputer receives the instruction of host computer, and power spectrum is transferred to host computer.
The digital circuit circuit diagram that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 5, single-chip microcomputer adopts C8051F580, and by CAN and upper machine communication, receive host computer order, control data collection, completes transmitting uplink data.CAN has message transmission rate 1Mbit/s at a high speed, can detect mistake, have very high antijamming capability.FPGA adopts LAMXO2280C, and inside has the memory capacity of 3KB, controls analog-digital converter and realizes the analog-to-digital conversion of impulse amplitude and form gamma spectra in internal RAM.Adopt UART protocol between SCM&FPGA, UART protocol integration, on FPGA, can realize full duplex transmission and reception.
Crystal and photomultiplier very responsive to temperature, what the change of temperature can cause spectrum signal to count mistake can window.Therefore, spectrum stabilization measure is a ring important in natural gamma-ray spectrometry system.In order to the tram making energy spectrum signal be in energy window, adopt the method for adjustment Photomultiplier tube voltage, output pulse amplitude is changed to some extent.High-voltage control circuit is made up of amplifier and power transistor.Producing high voltage control voltage by Single-chip Controlling digital to analog converter, obtaining needing output voltage by controlling high voltage source.When well temperature change causes impulse amplitude change, characteristic peak generation drift, by adjustment Photomultiplier tube voltage, characteristic peak is stablized, realizes the spectrum stabilization in well logging.
The power spectrum control circuit schematic diagram that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 6, power spectrum control circuit is primarily of single-chip microcomputer, temperature collection circuit, D/A converting circuit and high-voltage control circuit composition, and temperature collection circuit forms primarily of temperature pick up U18.When well temperature change causes impulse amplitude change, characteristic peak generation drift, the voltage Vtemp that single-chip microcomputer U14 obtains from temperature collection circuit U18 changes, and now digital to analog converter U17 changes high-voltage signal into analog quantity GRHVC.High-voltage control circuit is made up of operational amplifier U8 and power transistor U9.Analog quantity GRHVC amplifies by high-voltage control circuit, produces control voltage GR_HV.This control voltage obtains needing output voltage by controlling high voltage source, and for adjusting photomultiplier inner high voltage, carry out from steady to the Frequency bias caused by temperature, characteristic peak is stablized, and small-bore gamma spectrometry log device enters homeostasis quickly.
The CAN transceiver schematic diagram that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 7, CAN transceiver is positioned at single-chip microcomputer inside, adopts SN65HVD233, supports low-power consumption mode.
Present invention achieves a kind of slim-hole natural gamma-ray spectrometry device, probe adopts sodium iodide crystal, detector crystal diameter is improved on the basis meeting drilling well hot properties to greatest extent, eliminating variations in temperature in drilling well by power spectrum control circuit causes impulse amplitude to change, characteristic peak is made to get back to tram, keep characteristic peak spectrum stabilization in well logging, and it is integrated to realize the height of data acquisition circuit by FPGA technology, reduce the volume of instrument, length, solve a difficult problem for the slim-hole in deep drilling, ensure higher gamma-ray spectrometry resolution ratio and acquisition precision simultaneously.
Above-described detailed description of the invention; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; be understood that; the foregoing is only the specific embodiment of the present invention; the protection domain be not intended to limit the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a slim-hole natural gamma-ray spectrometry device, is characterized in that, described device comprises: probe, analog circuit and digital circuit;
It is Φ 38 × 300mm sodium iodide crystal and photomultiplier that described probe comprises diameter;
Described analog circuit, for amplifying the voltage pulse of described probe conversion, and when described voltage pulse peak signal is stablized, is converted to data signal by described peak signal;
Described digital circuit comprises FPGA and single-chip microcomputer;
Described FPGA, for controlling the signal conversion of described voltage pulse, accumulative described data signal forms gamma spectra, and by UART agreement, described gamma spectra is transferred to described single-chip microcomputer;
Described gamma spectra is transferred to host computer through CAN by described single-chip microcomputer.
2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described UART protocol integration in described FPGA, for the both-way communication of described FPGA and described single-chip microcomputer.
3. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described device also comprises low pass filter, is integrated in described FPGA, for filtering the noise that described photomultiplier produces, reduces noise to the impact of certainty of measurement.
4. require device described in 1 according to profit, it is characterized in that, described device also comprises communication module, has CAN controller and CAN transceiver, and wherein, described CAN controller, is integrated in described single-chip microcomputer inner, for the both-way communication of described single-chip microcomputer and described host computer.
5. require device described in 1 according to profit, it is characterized in that, described analog circuit comprises: pre-amplification circuit, baseline restorer circuit, power spectrum control circuit, peak holding circuit and impulse amplitude change-over circuit, wherein, described power spectrum control circuit, by adjusting the output of high voltage source, thus change voltage, thus controlling feature peak spectrum stabilization in photomultiplier.
6. require device described in 1 according to profit, it is characterized in that, described device also comprises power module.
7. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described probe, analog circuit, digital circuit, communication module and power module are integrated on one piece of surface-mounted integrated circuit.
8. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described device maximum outside diameter is 60mm.
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| CN107219548A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-09-29 | 四川省核工业地质调查院 | A kind of portable anti-Compton survey meter |
| CN110242288A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-09-17 | 北京紫贝龙科技股份有限公司 | Instrument and its data processing method are combined in telemetering |
| CN113109858A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-13 | 中北大学 | Highly integrated gamma irradiation detector |
| CN115788421A (en) * | 2023-02-14 | 2023-03-14 | 山东交通学院 | Integrated natural gamma energy spectrum logging instrument |
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| CN113109858A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-13 | 中北大学 | Highly integrated gamma irradiation detector |
| CN115788421A (en) * | 2023-02-14 | 2023-03-14 | 山东交通学院 | Integrated natural gamma energy spectrum logging instrument |
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