CN103852475A - Multichannel potassium measuring instrument based on gamma ray - Google Patents
Multichannel potassium measuring instrument based on gamma ray Download PDFInfo
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- CN103852475A CN103852475A CN201410084342.6A CN201410084342A CN103852475A CN 103852475 A CN103852475 A CN 103852475A CN 201410084342 A CN201410084342 A CN 201410084342A CN 103852475 A CN103852475 A CN 103852475A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multichannel potassium measuring instrument based on a gamma ray. The multichannel potassium measuring instrument comprises a scintillation detector, a signal analyzing system and a data processing system, wherein the scintillation detector is used for sampling and detecting a 1.46MeV gamma ray radiated in a 40K decay detection process in an online or immediate manner, so as to generate pulse signals; the signal analyzing system is used for analyzing the pulse signals generated by the scintillation detector, so as to generate energy spectrum information; the data processing system is used for collecting the energy spectrum information generated by the signal analyzing system, drawing an energy spectrum curve, comparing the energy spectrum curve with a standard curve arranged in the system and counting and displaying a potassium content value; the standard curve is a relation curve of a pulse counting rate of the multichannel potassium measuring instrument and the content of a potassium sample. The multichannel potassium measuring instrument has the advantages that the measurement of the potassium is realized by utilizing the scintillation detector and a multichannel pulse amplitude analyzer, the detection efficiency and measurement accuracy are good, an environmental background can be well removed, and the measured data is accurate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to potassium element field of measuring technique, relate in particular to a kind of multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector based on gamma ray.
Background technology
The method of routine measurement potassium content mainly relies on artificial on-site sampling, and with gravimetric method, volumetric method or analyze with the instrument such as ion-selective electrode, Atomic absorption, these method complicated operations are loaded down with trivial details, and required time is long, can not meet the processing of sylvite.
Radioactivity survey potassium content is three kinds of natural isotopics based on measuring potassium
39k,
40k and
41in K
40k content, because only
40k has radioactivity, and its half life period is 1.25 × 10
9year, abundance is 0.012%.Due to
40the half life period of K is very long, therefore can think
40the content of K in potassium element is fixed, thus can pass through its radioactive mensuration, and then extrapolate total potassium content or the content of other potassium isotope.
?
40in the decay process of K, can radiate and there is β ray continuous spectrum, that ceiling capacity is 1.33MeV, radiate the gamma-rays that energy is 1.46MeV simultaneously.So can be with measuring
40the β ray that K radiates or gamma-rays are measured the content of potassium in testing sample.
For the actual conditions in potassium ore deposit, salt lake, the radioactivity adopting is now surveyed potassium method, it is the Beta-ray measurement based on potassium, with gas detector (G-M pipe) measurement β ray, select gamma-rays sensitivity lowlyer, and to the higher G-M of β ray sensitivity pipe, 7 consistent G-M pipes of selectivity characteristic curve are assembled into one group of detector, the electrode of every G-M pipe is taked to strict seal approach, in an instrument, be furnished with two groups of such detectors.As shown in Figure 1, be this gas detection apparatus schematic diagram, one group of detector measurement sample, the background radiation in another group detector measurement environment, and by contrast, can eliminate the interference of radioactivity background.The signal that detector records need be processed by electronic circuit, adopt two single channel pulse height analyzers, they are identical and separate again, count for two groups of detectors simultaneously, adopt 80C31 single-chip microcomputer carry out data processing, data storage and show count results.
Because detector adopts special G-M pipe, its detection efficiency is for the nuclear detectors such as scintillation detector, detection efficiency is much lower, and G-M pipe is mainly made up of similar materials such as glass, so be easy to fragmentation, and adopt the combination of multiple G-M pipes, and like this technology of combinations of detectors to be had relatively high expectations, cost is also large.
In addition, the penetration capacity of β ray in water only has several millimeters, so above-mentioned measuring method can only be applicable to there is good contact with detector surface, and the uniform sample of potassium content.For solid sample shaggy or that potassium content is inhomogeneous or slip, measuring result error is larger.And in the time measuring, ensure that detector thickness of sample is around greater than Beta-ray range.
40though the β ray energy of K radiation is high, Beta-ray energy spectrum is continuous spectrum, and the sample self absorption effect of its low energy part is more serious, for the lower sample of potassium content, if add that the detection efficiency of instrument is low again, is just difficult to obtain measurement result accurately.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, in order to solve, the instrument of existing radioactivity survey potassium content is high to technological requirement, the scope of application is little, to the inaccurate technical matters of the lower sample measurement of potassium content, the invention provides a kind of multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector based on gamma ray, multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector of the present invention adopts
40the 1460keV gamma-rays that K produces is measured the content of potassium, with scintillation detector, gamma-rays is measured, the size specification of scintillation detector can be according to the situation adjustment of institute's test sample product, can overcome the problem that measurement efficiency is low, frangible, detection area is little that G-M pipe exists.Because single-channel analyzer is measured
40it is larger that the gamma-ray method of K feature is affected by environmental interference, and the deduction of background is difficult for; Therefore the circuit part of multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector of the present invention adopts multichannel pulse scope-analyzer, can deduct background according to the power spectrum measuring, the method of this deduction background is subject to environmental exact details little on the impact of region of interest (ROI), therefore do not need second gamma detector to survey background, require relatively low to the technical matters of detector like this.
40the gamma-ray penetration capacity of K1.46MeV is very strong, so the change of the peak detection efficiency causing for solid sample shaggy or that potassium content is inhomogeneous or slip is insensitive, measurement effect is good, and existing β measuring method is not accomplished.
A kind of multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector based on gamma ray of the present invention, compared with the G-M pipe detector of prior art, detection limit of the present invention is lower, can measure the sample that potassium content is very low (I gravimetry percent concentration is the sample of 2% potassium chloride).
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector based on gamma ray, described multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector comprises: scintillation detector, Signal Analysis System and data handling system; Described scintillation detector is surveyed for online or instant sampling
40the 1.46MeV gamma-rays of radiation when K decay, production burst signal; Described Signal Analysis System is analyzed for scintillation detector is surveyed to the pulse signal generating, and produces spectral information; The spectral information that described data handling system collection signal analytic system produces, is depicted as spectrum curve and typical curve built-in to itself and system is contrasted, and calculates and shows potassium content numerical value; Described typical curve is the relation curve of multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector pulsimeter digit rate and potassium sample size.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, described scintillation detector comprises: scintillator, photomultiplier and prime amplifier; Described scintillator for the gamma-rays generation photoelectric effect of injecting in it after produce photon; Described photomultiplier is used for receiving the photon of scintillator emission, and this photon is converted to pulse signal; Described prime amplifier is for amplifying the pulse signal that photomultiplier generates.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, described scintillator is the NaI:TI crystal of diameter 76mm, thickness 50mm.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, described prime amplifier adopts one-level C-R and voltage follower.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, described Signal Analysis System comprises linear amplifier and multichannel pulse scope-analyzer; Described linear amplifier amplifies for scintillation detector is surveyed to the pulse signal generating, and described multichannel pulse scope-analyzer, for to screening through linear amplifier amplifying signal, produces 1024 road spectral information.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, described multichannel pulse scope-analyzer carries out communication by RS-485 interface and data handling system.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, described data handling system comprises data acquisition module, data processing module and data disaply moudle; The 1024 road spectral information that described data acquisition module produces for collection signal analytic system, and collected spectral information is transported to data processing module; The spectral information of reception is carried out spectrum curve drafting by described data processing module, and this spectrum curve and the built-in typical curve of system are contrasted, and calculates and try to achieve potassium content numerical value; Described data disaply moudle is for showing the potassium content numerical value of trying to achieve.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, the slope of described typical curve calculates formula table and is shown:
K=(N
T-N
B)/C
Wherein, N
trepresent the standard model pulsimeter digit rate between multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector Zhong750 Dao Zhi 860 roads, N
brepresent the background counting rate between multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector Zhong750 Dao Zhi 860 roads, C represents standard model potassium content;
The standard model of the potassium ion compound of selected different potassium contents, measures N corresponding to potassium content by described multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector respectively
tand N
b, and substitution above formula calculates slope K, is depicted as typical curve according to described slope K.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, the computing formula of described potassium content numerical value is expressed as:
c=(N
t-N
b)/K
Wherein, K represents the slope of typical curve, and c represents the potassium content of solid to be measured or liquid, N
trepresent solid or liquid pulse counting rate between multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector Zhong750 Dao Zhi 860 roads, N
brepresent the background counting rate between multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector Zhong750 Dao Zhi 860 roads.
A kind of multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector advantage based on gamma ray of the present invention is:
Multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector of the present invention adopts scintillation detector and multichannel pulse scope-analyzer to realize the measurement to potassium, has good detection efficiency and measuring accuracy, can remove preferably environmental exact details, makes the measurement data that obtains more accurate; Instrument requires lower to working environment, go for the measurement of solid sample, also can be for the measurement of aqueous sample; Instrumental function is reasonable in design, and man-machine interface close friend is simple to operate, fast real-time display measurement result.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of G-M pipe detector.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a kind of multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector based on gamma ray in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the detector in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the software operation process flow diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
In Fig. 5 embodiment of the present invention, multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector can spectrogram.
The graph of a relation of multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector pulsimeter digit rate and potassium sample size in Fig. 6 embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the communication connection layout of a kind of multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector based on gamma ray in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
With the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation below.
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector based on gamma ray of the present invention, comprising: scintillation detector, Signal Analysis System and data handling system; Described scintillation detector is surveyed for online or instant sampling
40the 1.46MeV gamma-rays of radiation when K decay, production burst signal; Described Signal Analysis System is analyzed for scintillation detector is surveyed to the pulse signal generating, and produces spectral information; The spectral information that described data handling system collection signal analytic system produces, is depicted as spectrum curve and typical curve built-in to itself and system is contrasted, and calculates and shows potassium content numerical value; Described typical curve is the relation curve of multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector pulsimeter digit rate and potassium sample size.
Based on above-described embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, described scintillation detector comprises: scintillator, photomultiplier and prime amplifier; Described scintillator for the gamma-rays generation photoelectric effect of injecting in it after produce photon; Described photomultiplier is used for receiving the photon of scintillator emission, and this photon is converted to pulse signal; Described prime amplifier is for amplifying the pulse signal that photomultiplier generates.Described prime amplifier can adopt one-level C-R and voltage follower.
Described Signal Analysis System comprises linear amplifier and multichannel pulse scope-analyzer; Described linear amplifier amplifies for scintillation detector is surveyed to the pulse signal generating, and described multichannel pulse scope-analyzer, for to screening through linear amplifier amplifying signal, produces 1024 road spectral information.
Described data handling system comprises data acquisition module, data processing module and data disaply moudle; The 1024 road spectral information that described data acquisition module produces for collection signal analytic system, and collected spectral information is transported to data processing module; The spectral information of reception is carried out spectrum curve drafting by described data processing module, and this spectrum curve and the built-in typical curve of system are contrasted, and calculates and try to achieve potassium content numerical value; Described data disaply moudle is for showing the potassium content numerical value of trying to achieve.
The natural radioisotope of multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector of the present invention based on to potassium
40the gamma-ray measurement of feature of K, realizes the mensuration to potassium content.
40k, in the time of decay, can radiate the gamma-rays that energy is 1.46MeV.Gamma-rays enters in scintillator, react with scintillator, make atom and the molecular ionization in scintillator and excite, in de excitation process, produce photon, these photons are collected on the photocathode of photomultiplier, there is photoelectric effect, photon becomes photoelectron, these photoelectrons are by the multiplication of photomultiplier, finally obtain one several millivolts pulse signals to several volts at the anode of photomultiplier, by prime amplifier, pulse signal is amplified, then by this pulse signal input signal analytic system again.In Signal Analysis System, be provided with linear amplifier, multichannel pulse scope-analyzer etc.Linear amplifier does further amplification to the pulse signal of input, then screens by multichannel pulse scope-analyzer, then every counting is together outputed in computer, through data handling system processing, obtains spectrum curve.
As shown in Figure 2, be the structural representation of multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector of the present invention, detector is directly placed in tank after can using the encapsulation of waterproof anti-corrosion shell, or directly measures solid sample.The signal input signal analytic system that detector collects, signal process multichannel pulse scope-analyzer, then after the electronic circuits such as amplification, shaping are processed, produce corresponding 1024 road spectral information.Described multichannel pulse scope-analyzer can use RS-485 interface and long-range demonstration control computer to carry out communication, and the embedded data handling system of computing machine shows the spectral information collecting and the potassium content paid close attention in real time.
Based on the structure of above-mentioned multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector, there is following configuration in described detector, multichannel pulse scope-analyzer and data handling system:
Scintillator in described detector can adopt φ (diameter) 76mm × 50(thickness) mm NaI:TI crystal, detector entirety adopts three anti-encapsulation, can measure or instant sampling and measuring by direct-on-line, in the time of sampling and measuring, be furnished with Special sample sampling container, detector signal adopts simulation output form.
In the present embodiment, the specification of described detector is as follows:
1) 4 π detection efficiencys: η>=1.7% (
137cs)
2) energy resolution: 7～8%
3) survey energy range: 70keV～3MeV
4) measurement range: 3.7-3.7 × 10
6bq/m
3
5) environment temperature :-10 DEG C～50 DEG C
6) humidity range: 0～95%
As shown in Figure 3, detector is made up of NaI:Tl crystal, photomultiplier and prime amplifier.The power supply of detector passes through the high pressure shown in figure by main frame by coaxial cable and low-voltage interface is inputted.
The specification of described multichannel pulse scope-analyzer is as follows:
1) support 256-1024 road, integral nonlinearity is less than ten thousand/, differential nonlinearity is less than one of percentage.
2) high-precision high-speed ADC (20M-80M sampling rate), pulse shaping time 1-5 microsecond.
3) high-precision accurate reference source, high temperature resistance electric capacity has been realized the zero shift of the part spectral line of multichannel pulse scope-analyzer.
4) have numerical filter function (high-frequency filtering, low frequency filters) can be set.
5) 1024 road spectral information and main frame that as shown in Figure 7, Intelligence potassium detector of the present invention forms have 4 kinds of data communication method: CAN, RS-485, USB and TCP/IP interface.External interface is that CAN bus (bus type serial communication) mode is communicated by letter, by multiple tracks plate, voltage signal is converted to digital signal, for realizing the wired and wireless two kinds of communication modes of Intelligence potassium detector, CAN bus becomes RS232 interface by CAN RS 232 module converts, turn RS485 Interface realization and host machine wired communication by RS232 interface again, or convert RJ45 interface to by Zhou Ligong module (serial ports turns network interface), then realize wireless Wifi data communication facility by wireless router and main frame.
The function that described data handling system realizes is as follows:
1) show in real time the potassium content of sample.
2) there is automatic steady peak function, can specify and select the unimodal or bimodal automatic steady peak that carries out.
3) adjustable zero point and upper-level threshold, lower threshold; Region of interest (ROI) can be set arbitrarily.
4) there is automatic peak-seeking function and region of interest, Lookup protocol peak function.
5) can automatically calculate the information at the various peaks such as resolution, peak district tale, peak district counting rate at halfwidth, the peak at border, the peak at peak position, peak.
6) there is energy calibration function.
7) the horizontal and vertical any zoom function of range, changeable logarithm range.
The convertible multiple image data pattern of this data handling system, predeterminable acquisition time, predeterminable region of interest gathers sum, also can select unrestricted continuous coverage pattern.
Though existing four road energy spectrometeies and some multiple tracks power spectrum nucleic analyzer can detect
40the 1.46MeV gamma-rays of K, but cannot be to sample potassium content Accurate Determining.Multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector of the present invention can be independently to potassium content Accurate Determining.
Multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector of the present invention uses multiple tracks spectroscopic technique to measure potassium content, surveying instrument energy spectrogram as shown in Figure 5, Y-axis in energy spectrogram represents count value, X-axis represents energy road, by using standard source (such as Cs-137) to demarcate, can determine energy road and the corresponding relation of measuring particle energy size.For
40k feature gamma energy is 1.46MeV, and peak value is roughly corresponding to spectrogram Zhong 810 roads.Consider the energy resolution characteristic of NaI:TI crystal counter and multichannel spectrometer self, think and be between 750 Dao Zhi 860 roads
40k feature gamma-rays is contributed.Between She750 Dao Zhi 860 roads, the standard model pulsimeter digit rate of (road interested need be determined according to the actual demarcation situation in scene) is N
t, background counting rate is expressed as N
b, standard model potassium content is expressed as C; For the standard model of different potassium contents, measure the N corresponding with standard model potassium content C by multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector of the present invention
tand N
b, and the numerical value substitution following formula measuring can be obtained to the slope K of typical curve, be depicted as typical curve as shown in Figure 2 according to described slope K.In figure, slope of a curve K is the reduction coefficient of multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector pulsimeter digit rate of the present invention and potassium sample size.
The slope of described typical curve calculates formula table and is shown:
K=(N
T-N
B)/C
For obtaining above-mentioned typical curve, for solid powder sample, choose respectively the standard potassium chloride sample of 1000g containing potassium.Standard model KCE content C(densimeter by weight percentage) be respectively 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10% and 12%.Detector sensitive element is completely inserted in powder and measured, and while ensureing for different sample measurement, detector and sample room geometric position do not change simultaneously.
For fluid sample, choose respectively the standard Klorvess Liquid sample of 1L containing potassium.Solution Plays sample KCE content C(densimeter by weight percentage) be respectively 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10% and 12%.Detector sensitive element is completely immersed in solution and measured, and detector outside can adopt the encapsulation of ABS plastic waterproof, and while ensureing to measure for variable concentrations solution, the geometric position of detector in solution do not change simultaneously.
Obtain after slope K, for measuring the solid sample of other potassium content or the solution of other potassium concentration, only need to can obtain than upper slope K with counting rate, formula is as follows:
c=(N
t-N
b)/K
In formula, c represents potassium content in solid to be measured or solution to be measured, N
trepresent solid or liquid pulse counting rate between multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector Zhong750 Dao Zhi 860 roads, N
brepresent the background counting rate between multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector Zhong750 Dao Zhi 860 roads, K is slope.Due to sea level elevation difference, each department sample-out count difference need be demarcated detector with 100% potassium chloride reagent in the time measuring, and determines actual road numerical value according to empirical value.
It should be noted last that, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described.Although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, technical scheme of the present invention is modified or is equal to replacement, do not depart from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector based on gamma ray, is characterized in that, described multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector comprises: scintillation detector, Signal Analysis System and data handling system; Described scintillation detector is surveyed for online or instant sampling
40the 1.46MeV gamma-rays of radiation when K decay, production burst signal; Described Signal Analysis System is analyzed for scintillation detector is surveyed to the pulse signal generating, and produces spectral information; The spectral information that described data handling system collection signal analytic system produces, is depicted as spectrum curve and typical curve built-in to itself and system is contrasted, and calculates and shows potassium content numerical value; Described typical curve is the relation curve of multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector pulsimeter digit rate and potassium sample size.
2. the multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector based on gamma ray according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described scintillation detector comprises: scintillator, photomultiplier and prime amplifier; Described scintillator for the gamma-rays generation photoelectric effect of injecting in it after produce photon; Described photomultiplier is used for receiving the photon of scintillator emission, and this photon is converted to pulse signal; Described prime amplifier is for amplifying the pulse signal that photomultiplier generates.
3. the multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector based on gamma ray according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described scintillator is the NaI:TI crystal of diameter 76mm, thickness 50mm.
4. the multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector based on gamma ray according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described prime amplifier adopts one-level C-R and voltage follower.
5. the multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector based on gamma ray according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described Signal Analysis System comprises linear amplifier and multichannel pulse scope-analyzer; Described linear amplifier amplifies for scintillation detector is surveyed to the pulse signal generating, and described multichannel pulse scope-analyzer, for to screening through linear amplifier amplifying signal, produces 1024 road spectral information.
6. the multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector based on gamma ray according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described multichannel pulse scope-analyzer carries out communication by RS-485 interface and data handling system.
7. the multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector based on gamma ray according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described data handling system comprises data acquisition module, data processing module and data disaply moudle; The 1024 road spectral information that described data acquisition module produces for collection signal analytic system, and collected spectral information is transported to data processing module; The spectral information of reception is carried out spectrum curve drafting by described data processing module, and this spectrum curve and the built-in typical curve of system are contrasted, and calculates and try to achieve potassium content numerical value; Described data disaply moudle is for showing the potassium content numerical value of trying to achieve.
8. the multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector based on gamma ray according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the slope of described typical curve calculates formula table and is shown:
K=(N
T-N
B)/C
Wherein, N
trepresent the standard model pulsimeter digit rate between multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector Zhong750 Dao Zhi 860 roads, N
brepresent the background counting rate between multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector Zhong750 Dao Zhi 860 roads, C represents standard model potassium content;
The standard model of the potassium ion compound of selected different potassium contents, measures N corresponding to potassium content by described multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector respectively
tand N
b, and substitution above formula calculates slope K, is depicted as typical curve according to described slope K.
9. the multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector based on gamma ray according to claim 8, is characterized in that, the computing formula of described potassium content numerical value is expressed as:
c=(N
t-N
b)/K
Wherein, K represents the slope of typical curve, and c represents the potassium content of solid to be measured or liquid, N
trepresent solid or liquid pulse counting rate between multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector Zhong750 Dao Zhi 860 roads, N
brepresent the background counting rate between multiple tracks Intelligence potassium detector Zhong750 Dao Zhi 860 roads.
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| CN104374793A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-02-25 | 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 | Method for quickly measuring content of potassium ions in solid sample |
| CN104406991A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-03-11 | 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 | Method for quickly measuring content of potassium ions in liquid samples |
| CN105487104A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-04-13 | 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 | Potassium testing method based on raw material potassium ore sodium iodide crystal potassium testing instrument |
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