CN105510956B - Anti-Compton scattering detector - Google Patents
Anti-Compton scattering detector Download PDFInfo
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- CN105510956B CN105510956B CN201510885324.2A CN201510885324A CN105510956B CN 105510956 B CN105510956 B CN 105510956B CN 201510885324 A CN201510885324 A CN 201510885324A CN 105510956 B CN105510956 B CN 105510956B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/36—Measuring spectral distribution of X-rays or of nuclear radiation spectrometry
- G01T1/361—Measuring spectral distribution of X-rays or of nuclear radiation spectrometry with a combination of detectors of different types, e.g. anti-Compton spectrometers
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-Compton scattering detector, which comprises a main detector made of the sodium iodide material. The lower end of the main detector is connected with a photomultiplier. The main detector is nested into an auxiliary detector compounded of a plastic scintillator. The light guide material is arranged between the main detector and the auxiliary detector. The upper end of the auxiliary detector is connected with the photomultiplier. The lower end of the auxiliary detector is provided with a lead shielding ring. According to the invention, the background influence of natural gamma-ray scattered photons (Compton effect) is reduced to the maximum extent. Meanwhile, the accuracy of the in-situ environment gamma-ray detection result is improved. The structure unit of the detector is simplified and the power consumption of a complete machine is lowered.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to radiation detecting apparatus technical field, it is related to a kind of anti-Compton scattering detector.
Background technology
" low content radiological measuring under the conditions of background high " technology is constantly subjected to the concern of domestic and foreign scholars for a long time
(H.Oeschger, 1975；Kenichi Nogami, 1978；Theórsson P.1991；Zheng Renqi, 1985,1995；Li De
It is flat, 1994；Huang Naiming, 2004；Deng).Numerous scholars are entirely square to measuring system development and Application from theory and method research with regard to the problem
Face has carried out extensive work.Traditional environment low-level radioactivity monitoring mode is that " field sampling-lab analysis " (is also mesh
The preceding domestic major way for using), the scene degree of analytical technology is not (Sha Lianmao, 2011) high, poor in timeliness, using setting
Large-sized analytic instrument in standby mostly laboratory, it is not readily portable and analysis cost is higher.
Gamma spectrum measuring system is most of by the way of multiple detector coupling measurements on the spot for existing environment activity,
Realize reducing background count, effectively extract purpose (P.P.Povinec, 1996 of target species Radioactive information；
A.Chernyaev, 2004；et al).High purity germanium detector has the characteristics of energy resolution is good, detection efficient is high wide because of it
It is general to be applied in the type radiological measuring system, but because the type detector is higher to operating temperature requirements therefore need to match corresponding
Refrigeration system, this just determines HpGe gamma energy spectrometer complicated integral structure not Portable belt.And for example Ortec is produced
Although Detective-DX series portable nucleic discrimination system simplifies system using electric refrigeration modes, however it is necessary that lasting
, to stablize refrigeration system, while the refrigerant system configurations are complicated, the stability of a system is not high for exchange electricity suppl.
In addition to high purity germanium detector, LaBr is also selected both at home and abroad3, other halogen scintillators such as SrBr are used as detection
Device, the advantage of the quasi-instrument is good energy resolution, and sensitivity is high.But, explorer portion is relatively costly, about equivalent specifications
7-8 times of the cost of NaI detectors, this largely causes that the type detector is difficult to extensive use.
The domestic patent research present situation on environment low-activity detecting system on the spot mainly has：Shandong Scientific Research Academy ocean
The Cheong Kuoc Va of instrument and meter research institute et al.《Ocean original position Anticoincidence shield gamma energy spectrometer》(CN203502589U, publication date：
On March 26th, 2014), Zhang Yingying's et al.《For the Low background gamma energy spectrometer of Marine Radioactivity measurement》(CN103217702A,
Publication date：On July 24th, 2013), Cheng Jianping of Tsing-Hua University et al.《A kind of combination screened room of Low background gamma ray spectrometer》
(CN103675887A, publication date：On March 26th, 2014) etc..Above patent is concentrated mainly on lab analysis and ocean is in situ
Analysis field, measuring system is larger, and similar portable environment low-activity detecting system in this article yet there are no report
Road.
Be in existing Multi probe combination detector in array combination form, and the form of the nested combination of major-minor detector compared with
For rare, existing nested combination detector is more using HpGe or lanthanum bromide semiconductor as main detector, the flicker that outer layer is used
Bulk detector as auxiliary detector, because (- 188 DEG C~-163 DEG C) requirements of main detector operating temperature are more severe in the combination
Carve, refrigeration (such as electric refrigeration, mechanical refrigeration, liquid nitrogen refrigerating) device of the additional larger volume of palpus and power, so such design
Scheme is used primarily directed to lab analysis, without portability.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of anti-Compton scattering detector, the interference of natural ray is significantly reduced,
The influence of natural radionuclide scattered photon is effectively eliminated, optimizes existing e measurement technology, realize low-level in background high
The extraction of radioactive nucleus prime information, it is main and auxiliary to help detector all using scintillator detector without auxiliary refrigerating equipment, maximum journey
The part of low-level radiological measuring system is simplified on degree, the miniaturization of instrument and equipment, cost degradation is realized.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, a kind of anti-Compton scattering detector, including obtained in sodium iodide material
Main detector and plastic scintillant make the auxiliary detector of synthesis, the lower end connection photomultiplier of main detector, main detection
Device nesting enters auxiliary detector, is light-guide material, auxiliary detector upper end connection photoelectricity between main detector, auxiliary detector
Multiplier tube, auxiliary detector lower end is lead screen ring；The lead screen ring is wrapped in outside the photomultiplier of main detector lower end
Wall, and lead screen ring bottom is concordant with the photomultiplier transit bottom of the tube；High-energy ray is after auxiliary detector in main detector
Again return to carry out energy deposition on auxiliary detector because Compton effect forms scattered photon, while in main detector, auxiliary
Output signal on detector is helped, by the method for anticoincidence by the signal shielding, low energy ray is deposited only in auxiliary detector
And output pulse signal, on the background spectrum of the anticoincidence that is added to output, improve peak back of the body ratio.
Further, main detector is cylinder.
Further, the metal-back in magnesia reflecting layer is plated in main detector, auxiliary detector entirety outer envelope.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1. main detector uses sodium iodide crystal, and auxiliary detector is plastic scintillant, the group by way of well type nesting
Close, examination natural gamma ray produces response on major-minor detector, and not exporting for the signal is realized by way of anticoincidence,
And then realize reducing the purpose that natural gamma ray scattering photon (Compton effect) background influences to the full extent.
2. the independent output signal of auxiliary detector is added on the background spectrum for passing through anticoincidence output, effectively carried
The peak back of the body ratio that target species characteristic ray high is counted, reaches the mesh for improving detection accuracy, reducing minimum detectable activity whereby
, improve the accuracy of environmental γ ray detection result on the spot.
3. combination detector of the invention simplifies the construction unit of detector without auxiliary refrigerating equipment, reduces whole machine
Power consumption, realizes the miniaturization of instrument and equipment, portability；Meanwhile, the mode for having selected plastic scintillant to be combined with sodium iodide, compared with
Existing high purity germanium detector significantly reduces cost.
4. the present invention will effectively improve existing low content radioactivity on the spot, real time monitoring level；Greatly enrich
Radiation environmental monitoring means.Meanwhile, China's environs radiation monitoring engineering practice cost is saved to the full extent, effectively promote me
The construction of state's nuclear radiation monitoring network.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is anti-Compton scattering detector structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the energy spectrum diagram collected by detector of the present invention.
In figure, 1. photomultiplier, 2. metal-back, 3. auxiliary detector, 4. light-guide material, 5. lead screen ring, 6. main spy
Device is surveyed, 7. high-energy ray, 8. low energy ray.
Specific embodiment
The structure of anti-Compton scattering detector is as shown in figure 1, including main detector 6 obtained in sodium iodide material, main spy
The lower end connection photomultiplier 1 of device 6 is surveyed, nested " well " type auxiliary for entering plastic scintillant making synthesis of main detector 6 is visited
Device 3 is surveyed, Fig. 1 is the profile of detector, during main detector 6 is for the embedded auxiliary detector 3 of cylinder, so auxiliary detector is
Well type, is light-guide material 4, the upper end of auxiliary detector 3 connection photomultiplier 1, auxiliary between main detector 6, auxiliary detector 3
The lower end of detector 3 is lead screen ring 5, the gold in plating magnesia reflecting layer in the overall outer envelope of main detector 6, auxiliary detector 3
Category shell 2.
Gamma-rays is produced to be extracted from the naturally radioactive background for counting high in order to relatively low object element will be counted
Out, anti-Compton scattering detector is devised.Ray (high-energy ray 7) meeting that energy natural radionuclide higher is produced
By again returning to auxiliary detector 3 because Compton effect forms scattered photon in main detector 6 after auxiliary detector 3
On carry out energy deposition, such high-energy ray 7 will the output signal on main detector 6, auxiliary detector 3 simultaneously, by anti-
The method for meeting can be by the signal shielding, that is, realizing reduces the purpose of background count；And the γ that artificial radionuclide is produced
Due to its energy relatively low (low energy ray 8), it is only deposited ray in auxiliary detector 3, output pulse signal, although people
Work nucleic counts relatively low, but it has peak higher to carry on the back ratio compared to the background count processed by anticoincidence, i.e., relative to improve
Target species characteristic rays is counted, and improves sensitivity.
Low energy high in the low energy ray, the high-energy ray that are mentioned in text is relative concept, i.e., " natural ray energy is higher than
Artificial (target) ray energy ".
As shown in Figure 2：The power spectrum collected by the design, can be reduced to original 30% or so by background count.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of anti-Compton scattering detector, including main detector obtained in sodium iodide material（6）Made with plastic scintillant
The auxiliary detector of synthesis（3）, it is characterised in that main detector（6）Lower end connection photomultiplier（1）, main detector（6）
Nesting enters auxiliary detector（3）, main detector（6）, auxiliary detector（3）Between be light-guide material（4）, auxiliary detector
（3）Upper end connects photomultiplier（1）, auxiliary detector（3）Lower end is lead screen ring（5）；The lead screen ring is wrapped in master
Detector（6）The photomultiplier transit pipe outer wall of lower end, and lead screen ring bottom and the photomultiplier（1）Bottom is concordant；High energy
Ray is through auxiliary detector（3）Afterwards in main detector（6）In due to Compton effect formed scattered photon again return to auxiliary visit
Survey device（3）On carry out energy deposition, while in main detector（6）, auxiliary detector（3）Upper output signal, by anticoincidence
, by the signal shielding, low energy ray is only in auxiliary detector for method（3）Middle deposition and output pulse signal, the anticoincidence that is added to are defeated
On the background spectrum for going out, peak back of the body ratio is improved.
2. a kind of anti-Compton scattering detector according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the main detector（6）For
Cylinder.
3. a kind of anti-Compton scattering detector according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the main detector（6）, it is auxiliary
Help detector（3）The metal-back in plating magnesia reflecting layer in overall outer envelope（2）.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510885324.2A CN105510956B (en) | 2015-07-19 | 2015-12-07 | Anti-Compton scattering detector |
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| CN2015104254054 | 2015-07-19 | ||
| CN201510425405 | 2015-07-19 | ||
| CN201510885324.2A CN105510956B (en) | 2015-07-19 | 2015-12-07 | Anti-Compton scattering detector |
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| CN105510956A CN105510956A (en) | 2016-04-20 |
| CN105510956B true CN105510956B (en) | 2017-05-24 |
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| CN106405623B (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2019-10-08 | 吉林大学 | Compton sums it up spectrometer |
| CN105974459A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-28 | 成都理工大学 | Reverse Compton scattering and background ray lung pollution detection device and method |
| CN106873021A (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2017-06-20 | 北京中智核安科技有限公司 | The measuring method and device of content of radioactive isotopes in nuclear reactor Loop Water |
| CN108535766A (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2018-09-14 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | A kind of lamination flicker type anti-Compton gamma ray spectrometer |
| CN107238855B (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2024-01-26 | 上海新漫传感科技有限公司 | anti-Compton anti-cosmic ray high-purity germanium spectrometer |
| CN107416209B (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2023-11-24 | 华北电力大学 | Portable radionuclide detection device of light-duty marine unmanned reconnaissance aircraft |
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| CN108646284B (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2020-11-13 | 张金钊 | Gamma-spectrum combined detection system and gamma-spectrum measurement method |
| CN109725342A (en) * | 2019-01-01 | 2019-05-07 | 中国人民解放军63653部队 | A kind of scatter suppression detecting structure with the measurement of low-energyγ-ray on site |
| CN111551690B (en) * | 2020-05-16 | 2022-10-25 | 成都理工大学 | Radioactive soil continuous sorting system and control method thereof |
| CN112083471B (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2022-12-06 | 成都理工大学 | anti-Compton aviation gamma energy spectrum measuring system and measuring method thereof |
| CN112764086B (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2023-04-28 | 中国科学技术大学 | Miniaturized composite gamma spectrometer |
| CN113835114B (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2024-04-26 | 吉林大学 | Compact high-energy gamma ray anti-coincidence laminated detector |
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