CN105044772B - A kind of method and apparatus for realizing time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution - Google Patents
A kind of method and apparatus for realizing time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of method and apparatus for realizing time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution that the embodiment of the present application is provided.This method includes：Time-frequency conversion processing is carried out to earthquake record, time-frequency domain geological data is obtained；Band limit variable step hyperbolic smooth processing, the time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum after obtaining smoothly are carried out to the amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data；By the amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data with it is described it is smooth after the product of time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum carry out temporal averagely obtaining wavelet analog amplitude spectrum；Using the wavelet analog amplitude compose and it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum determine frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator；The frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator is multiplied with the time-frequency domain geological data geological data obtained after time-frequency domain deconvolution；Inverse time frequency conversion process is carried out to the geological data after the time-frequency domain deconvolution, the geological data after time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution is obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of geophysical exploration, more particularly to a kind of method for realizing time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution
And device.
Background technology
In technical field of geophysical exploration, the small reservoir of thickness is effectively recognized, the precision of seismic data interpretation is improved,
It is accomplished by high-resolution seismic data.Generally, the Method of Deconvolution can improve seismic data longitudinal frame.The Method of Deconvolution
It is to improve seismic data resolution by compressing seismic wavelet.Convolution method is all based on greatly convolution model, i.e., reflectingly
Shake record is regarded as to be made up of seismic wavelet and reflection coefficient sequence convolution affix noise, and usually assumes that seismic signal is
Stationary signal, reflection coefficient sequence is random white noise sequence, and wavelet is minimum phase.
Seismic wave is due to the absorption and filter action on stratum in underground medium communication process, and wavelet energy is gradually absorbed
Radio-frequency component is gradually decayed, and wavelet is time-varying, and seismic wave is unstable signal.Meanwhile, the reflectance factor that log data is shown
Sequence is not random.Therefore, the Method of Deconvolution assumed based on stationary signal and white noise, can be introduced in real data processing
Larger error., it is necessary to carry out extraction time-varying wavelet the need in order to meet high-resolution oil-gas exploration.Time-varying wavelet estimation side
Method is a lot, relatively more representational to have：The unstable state convolution model based on optimal Wiener filter that Clarke is proposed；Mirko is carried
Go out based on the maximized time-varying seismic wavelet evaluation method of peak value；The unstable state filtering method of the propositions such as Margrave, and will
Traditional stable state seismic channel model is generalized to unstable state, establishes the unstable state convolution model based on Gabor transformation.The opposing party
Face, spectrum analog the Method of Deconvolution has good pardon to non-white noise sequence reflectance factor.Described spectrum analog deconvolution side
Method can be included in hypothesis earthquake wavelet spectrum be smooth under conditions of, trend term is fitted from earthquake record amplitude spectrum as son
Wave spectrum, deconvolution operator is designed according to wavelet amplitude, carries out zero-phase filtering, broadening seismic wavelet amplitude spectrum, reduction reflection
Influence of the coefficient to sub- wave-amplitude Power estimation, is a kind of the Method of Deconvolution for having broad based growth and an application prospect.Common place
Reason method can include：Seismic wavelet amplitude spectrum is fitted using spectrum analog technology, small phase spectrum analog deconvolution is realized；Base
In the mixed-phase seismic wavelet method of estimation of seismic wavelet amplitude spectrum analogue technique；Shaken using the smooth earthquake record of LPF
Width is composed, and extracts wavelet amplitude；Using Empirical mode decomposition estimation residual wavelet amplitude, Adaptive spectra simulation is formd
Method.
Time-varying wavelet method of estimation of the prior art, mostly using segment processing, is extracted constant at one in every section
Seismic wavelet, average wavelet and the actual wavelet for being influenceed every section of extraction by section length certainly will have certain error,
So that follow-up seism processing and explanation results is inaccurate, when the seismic reflection amplitude and frequency content difference of adjacent earth formations
Than it is larger when, the method for stage extraction can not will well reflect the change of adjacent interval neutron deficiency.Existing spectrum analog method
Typically using multinomial least square fitting.But polynomial exponent number is bad to be determined, and is easily overflowed in solution procedure,
Result can be caused unstable, it is impossible to effectively improve the resolution ratio of seismic data.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the application is to provide a kind of method and apparatus for realizing time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution, anti-to improve spectrum analog
The effect of convolution technology, improves the resolution ratio of seismic data.
To achieve these goals, this application provides a kind of method for realizing time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution, this method bag
Include：
Time-frequency conversion processing is carried out to earthquake record, time-frequency domain geological data is obtained；
Band limit variable step hyperbolic smooth processing is carried out to the amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data, obtain it is smooth after when
Frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum；
By the amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data with it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum product
The temporal wavelet analog amplitude that averagely obtains is carried out to compose；
Using the wavelet analog amplitude compose and it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum determine frequency domain when
Become spectrum analog deconvolution operator；
The frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator is multiplied with the time-frequency domain geological data, and it is anti-to obtain time-frequency domain
Geological data after convolution；
Inverse time frequency conversion process is carried out to the geological data after the time-frequency domain deconvolution, time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution is obtained
Geological data afterwards.
In a preferred embodiment, also include before to the processing of earthquake record well time-frequency conversion：To the earthquake
Record is pre-processed；The pretreatment includes spherical diffusion compensation, Earth's absorption and attenuation, wavelet coherence correction.
In a preferred embodiment, the amplitude spectrum to the time-frequency domain geological data carries out band limit variable step pair
Bent smoothing processing, the time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum after obtaining smoothly includes：
The amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data is divided into the bin of predetermined number；
Determine the coordinate minimum value of the bin and the coordinate maximum of the bin, and according to the coordinate maximum and
The coordinate minimum value determines the increment of coordinate of the bin；
The increment of coordinate of the bin is calculated to the average of sampled point in the bin as constraints, and will be described equal
It is worth the average as the bin；
Time-frequency domain earthquake after being worth to smoothly with the time-frequency of the sampled point in the average replacement bin of the bin
Data amplitudes are composed.
In a preferred embodiment, the amplitude spectrum by the time-frequency domain geological data with it is described it is smooth after when
The product of frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum, which carries out the temporal wavelet analog amplitude spectrum that averagely obtains, to be included：
By the amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data and it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum carry out phase
Multiply, and formula is calculated as follows and the result after multiplication is carried out temporal averagely to obtain the wavelet analog amplitude and compose：
In above formula, W (f) represents wavelet analog amplitude spectrum, and Amp_mul_HySm (t, f) represents the time-frequency domain geological data
Amplitude spectrum with it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum be multiplied after result, tmaxRepresent earthquake record most
Big time, t0Represent earthquake record minimum time.
In a preferred embodiment, it is described using the wavelet analog amplitude compose and it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain
Shake data amplitudes spectrum determines that frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator includes：
Frequency band according to pre-setting determines effective band and reference band；
According to the wavelet analog amplitude of each frequency band compose and each frequency band it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain earthquake number
Determine the frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator of the effective band and the frequency of the reference band respectively according to amplitude spectrum
Domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator.
On the other hand the application also provides a kind of device for realizing time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution, and the device includes：
Time-frequency conversion module, for carrying out time-frequency conversion processing to earthquake record, obtains time-frequency domain geological data；
First data processing module, carries out band limit variable step hyperbolic for the amplitude spectrum to the time-frequency domain geological data and puts down
Sliding processing, the time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum after obtaining smoothly；
First computing module, for by the amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data with it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain earthquake
The product of data amplitudes spectrum carries out the temporal wavelet analog amplitude that averagely obtains and composed；
Second data processing module, for using the wavelet analog amplitude compose and it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain earthquake number
Frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator is determined according to amplitude spectrum；
Second computing module, for by the frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator and the time-frequency domain geological data
Multiplication obtains the geological data after time-frequency domain deconvolution；
Inverse time frequency conversion module, for after the time-frequency domain deconvolution geological data carry out inverse time frequency conversion process,
Obtain the geological data after time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution.
In a preferred embodiment, the device also includes：
Pretreatment module, for being pre-processed to the earthquake record；It is described pretreatment include spherical diffusion compensation,
Layer attenuation by absorption, wavelet coherence correction.
In a preferred embodiment, first data processing module includes：
Division unit, the bin for the amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data to be divided into predetermined number；
Data determination unit, for determining the coordinate minimum value of the bin and the coordinate maximum of the bin, and root
The increment of coordinate of the bin is determined according to the coordinate maximum and the coordinate minimum value；
First computing unit, for calculating sampled point in the bin using the increment of coordinate of the bin as constraints
Average, and using the average as the bin average；
Data replacement module, the time-frequency for the sampled point in the average replacement bin with the bin is worth to flat
Time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum after cunning.
In a preferred embodiment, first computing module includes：
Second computing unit, for by the amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data and it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain earthquake
Data amplitudes spectrum is multiplied；
3rd computing unit, for being calculated as follows, formula is temporal to the result progress after multiplication averagely to obtain institute
State wavelet analog amplitude spectrum：
In above formula, W (f) represents wavelet analog amplitude spectrum, and Amp_mul_HySm (t, f) represents the time-frequency domain geological data
Amplitude spectrum with it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum be multiplied after result, tmaxRepresent earthquake record most
Big time, t0Represent earthquake record minimum time.
In a preferred embodiment, second data processing module includes：
Band determination section, for determining effective band and reference band according to the frequency band pre-set；
Deconvolution operator determining unit, for composing the institute with each frequency band according to the wavelet analog amplitude of each frequency band
Time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum after stating smoothly determines that the frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution of the effective band is calculated respectively
The frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator of sub and described reference band.
As can be seen here, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application to earthquake record by carrying out time-frequency conversion with obtaining time-frequency domain
Shake data；Then, the variable step hyperbolic smooth with limit is carried out to the amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data；Again by the time-frequency
The amplitude spectrum of domain geological data with it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum product carry out it is temporal average
To wavelet analog amplitude spectrum；The amplitude spectrum of time-frequency domain geological data after composing using the wavelet analog amplitude and be smooth obtains frequency
Rate domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator；Then, the ground after time-frequency domain deconvolution is determined according to time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator
Data are shaken, and carry out inverse time frequency conversion, the geological data after time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution is obtained.Compared with prior art, this Shen
Please embodiment technical scheme using the geological data after the obtained time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution of variable step hyperbolic smooth with limit more
The band limit feature and seismic wave for meeting seismic wavelet absorb and decay characteristics in underground, can effectively recognize the small reservoir of thickness；And
Algorithmic stability, operation efficiency is also high.
Brief description of the drawings
, below will be to embodiment or existing in order to illustrate more clearly of the embodiment of the present application or technical scheme of the prior art
There is the accompanying drawing used required in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments described in application, for those of ordinary skill in the art, are not paying the premise of creative labor
Under, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the embodiment for the method for realizing time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution of the application；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that band in the embodiment of the present application limits variable step hyperbolic smooth processing procedure；
Fig. 3 is a kind of schematic diagram for device for realizing time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution that the embodiment of the present application is provided；
Fig. 4 is the module diagram that the embodiment of the present application provides the first data processing module.
Embodiment
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understand the technical scheme in the application, it is real below in conjunction with the application
The accompanying drawing in example is applied, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described implementation
Example only some embodiments of the present application, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, this area is common
The every other embodiment that technical staff is obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, should all belong to the application protection
Scope.
Below implementing for the embodiment of the present application is described in detail with several specific examples.
Introduce a kind of embodiment for the method for realizing time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution of the application first below.Fig. 1 is the application
A kind of flow chart of the embodiment for the method for realizing time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution, with reference to accompanying drawing 1, the embodiment includes：
S110：Time-frequency conversion processing is carried out to earthquake record, time-frequency domain geological data is obtained.
In certain embodiments, time-frequency conversion processing can be carried out to earthquake record, obtains time-frequency domain geological data.Specifically
, the time-frequency conversion can include Short Time Fourier Transform, Gabor transformation, continuous wavelet transform, S-transformation and generalized S-transform
Deng.
Further, in certain embodiments, before time-frequency conversion processing is carried out to the earthquake record, can first it adopt
Collect earthquake record, and the earthquake record is pre-processed, the pretreatment can include spherical diffusion compensation, formation absorption
Decay and wavelet coherence correction.
S120：Band limit variable step hyperbolic smooth processing is carried out to the amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data, obtains smooth
Time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum afterwards.
In certain embodiments, can be to the time-frequency domain earthquake after step S110 obtains time-frequency domain geological data
Data modulus obtains the amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data, and carries out band limit to the amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data
The processing of variable step hyperbolic smooth, the time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum after obtaining smoothly.Specifically, Fig. 2 is the embodiment of the present application
In band limit the schematic diagram of variable step hyperbolic smooth processing procedure, with reference to accompanying drawing 2, band limit variable step hyperbolic smooth processing can be wrapped
Include：
S121：The amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data is divided into the bin of predetermined number.
In certain embodiments, the quantity of the bin can be preset according to specific earthquake record.Specific ratio
It such as could be arranged to 100.
S122：The coordinate minimum value of the bin and the coordinate maximum of the bin are determined, and according to the coordinate most
Big value and the coordinate minimum value determine the increment of coordinate of the bin.
Specifically, can be according to the coordinate minimum value for formula is calculated as below determining the bin：
t1f1=C2·(tmax+tb)·fN
In above formula, t1f1Represent the coordinate minimum value of the bin；tmaxThe maximum time of earthquake record is represented, unit is
Second；fNIt is the Nyquist frequency of earthquake record, unit is hertz；C represents constant；tbThe intercept time is represented, unit is the second.
In addition, in a specific embodiment, the maximum time t of the earthquake recordmax=10；The earthquake record
Nyquist frequency fN=125；C=0.05.
The intercept time tbIt can be calculated and obtained by equation below：
tb=tnfmax·tmax/(t0fmax-tnfmax)
In above formula, tbThe intercept time is represented, unit is the second；tnfmaxRepresent earthquake record maximum time correspondence set in advance
Cut-off frequency with limit, unit is hertz；t0fmaxRepresent cutoff frequency of the earthquake record minimum time correspondence with limit set in advance
Rate, unit is hertz；tmaxThe maximum time of earthquake record is represented, unit is the second.
In addition, in a specific embodiment, cut-off frequency t of the earthquake record maximum time correspondence with limitnfmax
=80；Cut-off frequency t of the earthquake record minimum time correspondence with limit0fmax=100
Specifically, can be according to the coordinate maximum for formula is calculated as below determining the bin：
tfmax=tmax·fN
In above formula, tfmaxRepresent the coordinate maximum of the bin；tmaxThe maximum time of earthquake record is represented, unit is
Second；fNIt is the Nyquist frequency of earthquake record, unit is hertz.
Specifically, can be according to the increment of coordinate for formula is calculated as below determining the bin：
In above formula, Δ inc represents the increment of coordinate of the bin；Nbin represents bin total quantity；tfmaxRepresent the face
The coordinate maximum of member；t1f1Represent the coordinate minimum value of the bin.
S123：The increment of coordinate of the bin is calculated to the average of sampled point in the bin as constraints, and will
The average as the bin average.
In some embodiments, sampled point in the bin can be calculated using the increment of coordinate of the bin as constraints
Average, and using the average as the bin average.Specifically, the average of the bin can be by being calculated as below public affairs
Formula is obtained：
In above formula, sm (k) represents the average of k-th of bin；Amp (t, f), which is represented in k-th of bin, meets t1f1+
(k-1)·Δinc≤t·f<The amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data of t1f1+k Δs inc sampled point；Num represents described
Meet t1f1+ (k-1) Δ inc≤tf in k-th of bin<The quantity of t1f1+k Δs inc sampled point.
S124：Time-frequency domain after being worth to smoothly with the time-frequency of the sampled point in the average replacement bin of the bin
Geological data amplitude spectrum.
In some embodiments, after the average that step S123 obtains the bin, it can be replaced with the average of the bin
Change the sampled point in the bin time-frequency be worth to it is smooth after time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum.Specifically, can include
The time-frequency value of each sampled point in time-frequency domain calculates the determination bin according to two-dimensional coordinate time and frequency, and according to face
The division rule of member, corresponding sampled point time-frequency value is replaced with the average of bin.The sampled point time-frequency value can be (t+
tb) f, wherein, t represents the time of the sampled point, and unit is the second；F represents the frequency of the sampled point, and unit is hertz；tbRepresent
Intercept time, unit is the second.
S130：By the amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data with it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum
Product carries out the temporal wavelet analog amplitude that averagely obtains and composed.
In certain embodiments, can by the amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data with it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain
The product of shake data amplitudes spectrum carries out the temporal wavelet analog amplitude that averagely obtains and composed.Specifically can be by the time-frequency domain
Shake the amplitude spectrums of data with it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum be multiplied, and formula pair is calculated as follows
Result after multiplication carries out temporal averagely obtaining the wavelet analog amplitude spectrum：
In above formula, W (f) represents wavelet analog amplitude spectrum, and Amp_mul_HySm (t, f) represents the time-frequency domain geological data
Amplitude spectrum with it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum be multiplied after result, tmaxRepresent earthquake record most
Big time, t0Represent earthquake record minimum time.
S140：Using the wavelet analog amplitude compose and it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum determine frequency
Domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator.
In certain embodiments, using the wavelet analog amplitude compose and it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain geological data amplitude
Spectrum determines frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator.Specifically, can be determined according to the frequency band pre-set effective band and
Reference band；Then, the smooth time-frequency domain earthquake with each frequency band is composed according to the wavelet analog amplitude of each frequency band
Data amplitudes spectrum determines the frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator of the effective band and the frequency of the reference band respectively
Rate domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator.
Specifically, according to specific earthquake record frequency band can be set to be [f1, f2, f3, f4], then work as f2≤f≤f3
When, f belongs to effective band；Work as f1≤f<f2And f3<f<f4When, f belongs to reference band；In addition, working as f<f1And f>f4When, f belongs to
Other frequency bands.
In addition, in a specific embodiment, the frequency band of the default setting can be：
[f1=2, f2=4, f3=70, f4=100]
Accordingly, can be composed according to the wavelet analog amplitude of effective band and effective band it is described it is smooth after when
Frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum determines the frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator of the effective band.Specifically, can profit
Calculated with equation below and determine the frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator in effective band：
(f ∈ effective bands)；
In above formula, opy(t, f) represents the frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator of effective band；ε is represented and preset
White noise composition；Vy(t, f)=Wy(f)·HySmy(t,f)(Wy(f) the wavelet analog amplitude spectrum in effective band is represented,
HySmy(t, f)) represent the time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum after smooth in effective band.VymaxIt is represented as t Vy(t,
F) maximum.
In addition, in a specific embodiment, white noise composition ε=0.0001 set in advance.The white noise into
Divide can compromise signal to noise ratio and resolution ratio, ε is bigger, and resolution ratio is lower, and signal to noise ratio is higher, and the smaller then resolution ratio of ε is higher, signal to noise ratio
It is lower.
Accordingly, can compose and manipulate according to the wavelet analog amplitude of reference band frequency band it is described it is smooth after when
Frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum determines the frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator of the reference band.Specifically, can profit
Calculated with equation below and determine the frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator in reference band：
(f ∈ reference bands)；
In above formula, opc(t, f) represents the frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator of reference band；ε is represented and preset
White noise composition；Vc(t, f)=Wc(f)·HySmc(t,f)(Wc(f) the wavelet analog amplitude spectrum in reference band is represented,
HySmc(t, f)) represent the time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum after smooth in reference band.VcmaxIt is represented as t Vc(t,
F) maximum；Work as f1≤f<f2When,Work as f3<f<f4When,
In addition, the frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator in other frequency bands can be replaced with constant 1.
S150：The frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator is multiplied with the time-frequency domain geological data and obtains time-frequency
Geological data after the deconvolution of domain.
In certain embodiments, after step S140 obtains the frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator.Can be with
The described frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator is multiplied with the time-frequency domain geological data obtains time-frequency domain deconvolution
Geological data afterwards.
S160：Inverse time frequency conversion process is carried out to the geological data after the time-frequency domain deconvolution, time-varying spectrum analog is obtained
Geological data after deconvolution.
In certain embodiments, inverse time frequency conversion process can be carried out to the geological data after the time-frequency domain deconvolution,
Obtain the geological data after time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution.Specifically, the anti-time-frequency conversion becomes with time-frequency described in step S110
Commutation correspondence, such as described time-frequency conversion is Short Time Fourier Transform, and the inverse time frequency is transformed to inversefouriertransform in short-term.
The technical scheme provided from above the embodiment of the present application, the embodiment of the present application is by will be to pretreated
Shake record carries out time-frequency conversion and obtains time-frequency domain geological data；Then, band is carried out to the amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data
The variable step hyperbolic smooth of limit；Again by the amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data with it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain geological data
The product of amplitude spectrum carries out the temporal wavelet analog amplitude that averagely obtains and composed；After composing using the wavelet analog amplitude and be smooth
The amplitude spectrum of time-frequency domain geological data obtain frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator；Then, it is anti-according to time-varying spectrum analog
Convolution operator determines the geological data after time-frequency domain deconvolution, and carries out inverse time frequency conversion, obtains after time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution
Geological data.Compared with prior art, the embodiment of the present application technical scheme is obtained using the variable step hyperbolic smooth with limit
The band limit feature and seismic wave that geological data after time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution more meets seismic wavelet absorb and decayed in underground
Feature, can effectively recognize the small reservoir of thickness；And algorithmic stability, operation efficiency is also high.
On the other hand the application also provides a kind of device for realizing time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution, and Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the present application
A kind of schematic diagram of the device for realizing time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution provided, with reference to accompanying drawing 3, the device 300 includes：
Time-frequency conversion module 310, for carrying out time-frequency conversion processing to earthquake record, obtains time-frequency domain geological data；
First data processing module 320, carries out band limit variable step double for the amplitude spectrum to the time-frequency domain geological data
Bent smoothing processing, the time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum after obtaining smoothly；
First computing module 330, for by the amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data with it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain
The product of geological data amplitude spectrum carries out the temporal wavelet analog amplitude that averagely obtains and composed；
Second data processing module 340, for using the wavelet analog amplitude compose and it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain
Shake data amplitudes spectrum and determine frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator；
Second computing module 350, for by the frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator and the time-frequency domain earthquake
Data, which are multiplied, obtains the geological data after time-frequency domain deconvolution；
Inverse time frequency conversion module 360, for being carried out to the geological data after the time-frequency domain deconvolution at anti-time-frequency conversion
Reason, obtains the geological data after time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution.
In a preferred embodiment, the device 300 also includes：
Pretreatment module, for being pre-processed to the earthquake record；It is described pretreatment include spherical diffusion compensation,
Layer attenuation by absorption, wavelet coherence correction.
Fig. 4 is the module diagram that the embodiment of the present application provides the first data processing module.In a preferred embodiment
In, with reference to accompanying drawing 4, first data processing module 320 includes：
Division unit 321, the bin for the amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data to be divided into predetermined number；
Data determination unit 322, for determining the coordinate minimum value of the bin and the coordinate maximum of the bin, and
The increment of coordinate of the bin is determined according to the coordinate maximum and the coordinate minimum value；
First computing unit 323, is adopted for the increment of coordinate of the bin to be calculated as constraints in the bin
The average of sampling point, and using the average as the bin average；
Data replacement module 324, the time-frequency for replacing the sampled point in the bin with the average of the bin is worth
To the time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum after smooth.
In a preferred embodiment, first computing module 330 includes：
Second computing unit, for by the amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data and it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain earthquake
Data amplitudes spectrum is multiplied；
3rd computing unit, for being calculated as follows, formula is temporal to the result progress after multiplication averagely to obtain institute
State wavelet analog amplitude spectrum：
In above formula, W (f) represents wavelet analog amplitude spectrum, and Amp_mul_HySm (t, f) represents the time-frequency domain geological data
Amplitude spectrum with it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum be multiplied after result, tmaxRepresent earthquake record most
Big time, t0Represent earthquake record minimum time.
In a preferred embodiment, second data processing module 340 includes：
Band determination section, for determining effective band and reference band according to the frequency band pre-set；
Deconvolution operator determining unit, for composing the institute with each frequency band according to the wavelet analog amplitude of each frequency band
Time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum after stating smoothly determines that the frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution of the effective band is calculated respectively
The frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator of sub and described reference band.
As can be seen here, a kind of technical scheme for the method and apparatus for realizing time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution of the application is by will be right
Pretreated earthquake record carries out time-frequency conversion and obtains time-frequency domain geological data；Then, to the time-frequency domain geological data
Amplitude spectrum carries out the variable step hyperbolic smooth with limit；Again by the amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data with it is described it is smooth after when
The product of frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum carries out the temporal wavelet analog amplitude that averagely obtains and composed；Shaken using wavelet simulation
The amplitude spectrum of time-frequency domain geological data after width is composed and be smooth obtains frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator；Then, according to
Time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator determines the geological data after time-frequency domain deconvolution, and carries out inverse time frequency conversion, obtains time varying spectrum
Simulate the geological data after deconvolution.Compared with prior art, the embodiment of the present application technical scheme utilizes the variable step with limit double
Geological data after the time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution that song is smoothly obtained more meets the band limit feature and seismic wave of seismic wavelet on ground
Lower absorption and decay characteristics, can effectively recognize the small reservoir of thickness；And algorithmic stability, operation efficiency is also high.
Each embodiment in this specification is described by the way of progressive, what each embodiment was stressed be with
Between the difference of other embodiment, each embodiment identical similar part mutually referring to.It is real especially for system
Apply for example, because it is substantially similar to embodiment of the method, so description is fairly simple, related part is referring to embodiment of the method
Part explanation.
Although depicting the application by embodiment, it will be appreciated by the skilled addressee that the application have it is many deformation and
Change is without departing from spirit herein, it is desirable to which appended claim includes these deformations and changed without departing from the application's
Spirit.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method for realizing time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution, it is characterised in that this method includes：
Time-frequency conversion processing is carried out to earthquake record, time-frequency domain geological data is obtained；
Band limit variable step hyperbolic smooth processing, the time-frequency domain after obtaining smoothly are carried out to the amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data
Geological data amplitude spectrum；
By the amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data with it is described it is smooth after the product of time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum carry out
It is temporal averagely to obtain wavelet analog amplitude spectrum；
Using the wavelet analog amplitude compose and it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum determine frequency domain time varying spectrum
Simulate deconvolution operator；
The frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator is multiplied with the time-frequency domain geological data and obtains time-frequency domain deconvolution
Geological data afterwards；
Inverse time frequency conversion process is carried out to the geological data after the time-frequency domain deconvolution, obtained after time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution
Geological data；
Wherein, the amplitude spectrum to the time-frequency domain geological data carries out band limit variable step hyperbolic smooth processing, obtains smooth
Time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum afterwards includes：
The amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data is divided into the bin of predetermined number；
Determine the coordinate minimum value of the bin and the coordinate maximum of the bin, and according to the coordinate maximum and described
Coordinate minimum value determines the increment of coordinate of the bin；
The increment of coordinate of the bin is calculated to the average of sampled point in the bin as constraints, and the average is made
For the average of the bin；
Time-frequency domain geological data after being worth to smoothly with the time-frequency of the sampled point in the average replacement bin of the bin
Amplitude spectrum.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that also wrapped before time-frequency conversion processing is carried out to earthquake record
Include：
Earthquake record is gathered, the earthquake record is pre-processed；The pretreatment includes spherical diffusion compensation, formation absorption
Decay, wavelet coherence correction.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the amplitude spectrum by the time-frequency domain geological data
With it is described it is smooth after the product of time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum carry out temporal averagely obtaining wavelet analog amplitude spectrum bag
Include：
By the amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data with it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum be multiplied, and
Formula is calculated as follows the result after multiplication is carried out temporal averagely to obtain the wavelet analog amplitude and compose：
<mrow>
<mi>W</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>f</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>t</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>a</mi>
<mi>x</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>t</mi>
<mn>0</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<msub>
<mi>t</mi>
<mn>0</mn>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>t</mi>
<mi>max</mi>
</msub>
</msubsup>
<mi>A</mi>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>p</mi>
<mo>_</mo>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>u</mi>
<mi>l</mi>
<mo>_</mo>
<mi>H</mi>
<mi>y</mi>
<mi>S</mi>
<mi>m</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>f</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
</mrow>
In above formula, W (f) represents wavelet analog amplitude spectrum, and Amp_mul_HySm (t, f) represents shaking for the time-frequency domain geological data
Width compose and it is described smoothly after time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum be multiplied after result, tmaxWhen representing earthquake record maximum
Between, t0Represent earthquake record minimum time.
4. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described using wavelet analog amplitude spectrum and described
Time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum after smooth determines that frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator includes：
Frequency band according to pre-setting determines effective band and reference band；
According to the wavelet analog amplitude of each frequency band compose and each frequency band it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain geological data shake
Width spectrum determine respectively the effective band frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator and the reference band frequency domain when
Become spectrum analog deconvolution operator.
5. a kind of device for realizing time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution, it is characterised in that the device includes：
Time-frequency conversion module, for carrying out time-frequency conversion processing to earthquake record, obtains time-frequency domain geological data；
First data processing module, is carried out at band limit variable step hyperbolic smooth for the amplitude spectrum to the time-frequency domain geological data
Reason, the time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum after obtaining smoothly；
First computing module, for by the amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data with it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain geological data
The product of amplitude spectrum carries out the temporal wavelet analog amplitude that averagely obtains and composed；
Second data processing module, for using the wavelet analog amplitude compose and it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain geological data shake
Width spectrum determines frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator；
Second computing module, for the frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator to be multiplied with the time-frequency domain geological data
Obtain the geological data after time-frequency domain deconvolution；
Inverse time frequency conversion module, for after the time-frequency domain deconvolution geological data carry out inverse time frequency conversion process, obtain
Geological data after time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution；
Wherein, first data processing module includes：
Division unit, the bin for the amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data to be divided into predetermined number；
Data determination unit, for determining the coordinate minimum value of the bin and the coordinate maximum of the bin, and according to institute
State coordinate maximum and the coordinate minimum value determines the increment of coordinate of the bin；
First computing unit, for calculating the equal of sampled point in the bin using the increment of coordinate of the bin as constraints
Value, and using the average as the bin average；
Data replacement module, after the time-frequency for the sampled point in the average replacement bin with the bin is worth to smoothly
Time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum.
6. device according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the device also includes：
Pretreatment module, for being pre-processed to the earthquake record；The pretreatment includes spherical diffusion compensation, stratum and inhaled
Receive decay, wavelet coherence correction.
7. the device according to claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that first computing module includes：
Second computing unit, for by the amplitude spectrum of the time-frequency domain geological data and it is described it is smooth after time-frequency domain geological data
Amplitude spectrum is multiplied；
3rd computing unit, for being calculated as follows, formula is temporal to the result progress after multiplication averagely to obtain the son
Wave simulation amplitude spectrum：
<mrow>
<mi>W</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>f</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>t</mi>
<mi>max</mi>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>t</mi>
<mn>0</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<msub>
<mi>t</mi>
<mn>0</mn>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>t</mi>
<mi>max</mi>
</msub>
</msubsup>
<mi>A</mi>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>p</mi>
<mo>_</mo>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>u</mi>
<mi>l</mi>
<mo>_</mo>
<mi>H</mi>
<mi>y</mi>
<mi>S</mi>
<mi>m</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>f</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
</mrow>
In above formula, W (f) represents wavelet analog amplitude spectrum, and Amp_mul_HySm (t, f) represents shaking for the time-frequency domain geological data
Width compose and it is described smoothly after time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum be multiplied after result, tmaxWhen representing earthquake record maximum
Between, t0Represent earthquake record minimum time.
8. the device according to claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that second data processing module includes：
Band determination section, for determining effective band and reference band according to the frequency band pre-set；
Deconvolution operator determining unit, it is described flat with each frequency band for being composed according to the wavelet analog amplitude of each frequency band
Time-frequency domain geological data amplitude spectrum after cunning determine respectively the effective band frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator and
The frequency domain time-varying spectrum analog deconvolution operator of the reference band.
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| CN110161563B (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2020-09-18 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Depth domain seismic fluid analysis method, device and system and storage medium |
| CN111060970B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2022-06-03 | 恒泰艾普（北京）能源科技研究院有限公司 | Reservoir constrained deconvolution method and application |
| CN111948712B (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2021-08-10 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司 | Pre-stack linear inversion method based on depth domain seismic record |
| CN112817040B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-10-29 | 北京东方联创地球物理技术有限公司 | Broadband quasi-zero phase deconvolution processing method, device, electronic equipment and medium |
| CN114755723A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-07-15 | 北京东方联创地球物理技术有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and medium for determining polarity zero phasing of marine seismic data |
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