CN105044772A - Method and device for realizing time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution - Google Patents
Method and device for realizing time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for realizing time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution. The method disclosed by the invention comprises steps of performing time frequency transformation processing on earthquake recording to obtain time frequency domain earthquake data, performing band limitation variable step length double curve smoothing processing on amplitude spectrum of the time frequency domain earthquake data to obtain a smoothened time frequency domain earthquake data amplitude spectrum, performing time averaging on the product of the amplitude spectrum of time frequency domain earthquake data and the smoothened time frequency domain earthquake data amplitude spectrum to obtain an wavelet simulation amplitude spectrum, utilizing the wavelet simulation amplitude spectrum and the smoothened time frequency domain earthquake data amplitude spectrum to determine a frequency domain time variable spectrum simulation deconvolution operator, multiplying frequency time domain variable spectrum simulation deconvolution operator with the time frequency domain earthquake data to obtain the earthquake data which has gone through the time frequency domain deconvolution and performing reverse time-frequency transformation on the earthquake data after the time frequency domain deconvolution to obtain the earthquake data after the variable spectrum simulation deconvolution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of geophysical exploration, particularly relate to a kind of method and apparatus realizing time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution.
Background technology
In technical field of geophysical exploration, effectively to identify the reservoir that thickness is little, improve the precision of seismic data interpretation, just need high-resolution seismic data.Usually, the Method of Deconvolution can improve seismic data longitudinal frame.The Method of Deconvolution improves seismic data resolution by compression seismic wavelet.Convolution method is mostly based on convolution model, namely reflection seimogram is regarded as and be made up of seismic wavelet and reflection coefficient sequence convolution affix noise, and hypothesis seismic signal is stationary signal usually, and reflection coefficient sequence is random white noise sequence, and wavelet is minimum phase.
Seismic event is due to the absorption on stratum and filter action in underground medium communication process, and wavelet energy is decayed gradually by absorbing high-frequency composition gradually, becomes when wavelet is, seismic event is not stationary signal.Meanwhile, the reflection coefficient sequence of log data display is not random.Therefore, based on the Method of Deconvolution that stationary signal and white noise are supposed, larger error can be introduced in real data process.In order to meet the needs of high resolving power oil-gas exploration, need to carry out extraction time-varying wavelet.Time-varying wavelet method of estimation is a lot, and more representational have: the unstable state convolution model based on optimum S filter that Clarke proposes; Mirko propose maximized based on peak value time become seismic wavelet evaluation method; The unstable state filtering method that Margrave etc. propose, and traditional stable state seismic channel model is generalized to unstable state, establish the unstable state convolution model based on Gabor transformation.On the other hand, spectrum analog the Method of Deconvolution has good pardon to non-white noise sequence reflection coefficient.It is under smooth condition that described spectrum analog the Method of Deconvolution can be included in hypothesis earthquake wavelet spectrum, trend term is simulated as wavelet spectrum from seismologic record spectral amplitude, according to wavelet amplitude design deconvolution operator, carry out zero-phase filtering, broadening seismic wavelet spectral amplitude, reducing the impact of reflection coefficient antithetical phrase wave-amplitude Power estimation, is a kind of the Method of Deconvolution having broad based growth and application prospect.Common disposal route can comprise: utilize spectrum analog technology to simulate seismic wavelet spectral amplitude, achieves little phase spectrum simulation deconvolution; Based on the mixed-phase seismic wavelet method of estimation of seismic wavelet spectral amplitude analogue technique; Adopt the level and smooth seismologic record spectral amplitude of low-pass filtering, extract wavelet amplitude; Utilize Empirical mode decomposition to estimate residual wavelet amplitude, define Adaptive spectra analogy method.
Time-varying wavelet method of estimation of the prior art, mostly adopt staging treating, seismic wavelet constant when extracting one in every section, certainly will certain error be there is in the average wavelet extracted by the impact every section of section length and actual wavelet, make follow-up seism processing and explanation results inaccurate, when the seismic reflection amplitude of adjacent earth formations and frequency content comparison in difference large time, the method for stage extraction well can not reflect the change of adjacent interval neutron deficiency.Existing spectrum analog method normally adopts polynomial expression least square fitting.But polynomial exponent number is bad to be determined, and easily overflows in solution procedure, result can be caused unstable, effectively can not improve the resolution of seismic data.
Summary of the invention
The object of the application is to provide a kind of method and apparatus realizing time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution, to improve the effect of spectrum analog deconvolution technology, improves the resolution of seismic data.
To achieve these goals, this application provides a kind of method realizing time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution, the method comprises:
Time-frequency conversion process is carried out to seismologic record, obtains time-frequency domain geological data;
The process of band limit variable step hyperbolic smooth is carried out to the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data, obtains the time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude smoothly;
By the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data and described level and smooth after the product of time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude carry out the temporal wavelet analog amplitude that on average obtains and compose;
Utilize described wavelet analog amplitude to compose and described level and smooth after time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude determination frequency field time varying spectrum simulate deconvolution operator;
Be multiplied described frequency field time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution operator with described time-frequency domain geological data the geological data after obtaining time-frequency domain deconvolution;
Inverse time conversion process is frequently carried out to the geological data after described time-frequency domain deconvolution, obtains the geological data after time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution.
In a preferred embodiment, also comprised before to the process of seismologic record well time-frequency conversion: pre-service is carried out to described seismologic record; Described pre-service comprises spherical diffusion compensation, Earth's absorption and attenuation, wavelet coherence correction.
In a preferred embodiment, the described spectral amplitude to described time-frequency domain geological data carries out the process of band limit variable step hyperbolic smooth, obtains the time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude smoothly and comprises:
The spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data is divided into the bin of predetermined number;
Determine the coordinate minimum value of described bin and the coordinate maximal value of described bin, and determine the increment of coordinate of described bin according to described coordinate maximal value and described coordinate minimum value;
The increment of coordinate of described bin is calculated the average of sampled point in described bin as constraint condition, and using the average of described average as described bin;
The time-frequency value of the sampled point replaced in described bin by the average of described bin obtains the time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude smoothly.
In a preferred embodiment, described by the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data and described level and smooth after the product of time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude carry out the temporal wavelet analog amplitude that on average obtains and compose and comprise:
By the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data with described level and smooth after time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude be multiplied, and carry out temporally on average obtaining described wavelet analog amplitude spectrum to the result after being multiplied according to following computing formula:
In above formula, W (f) represents wavelet analog amplitude spectrum, the spectral amplitude that Amp_mul_HySm (t, f) represents described time-frequency domain geological data with described level and smooth after time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude be multiplied after result, t
maxrepresent seismologic record maximum time, t
0represent seismologic record minimum time.
In a preferred embodiment, described utilize described wavelet analog amplitude to compose and described level and smooth after time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude determination frequency field time varying spectrum simulate deconvolution operator and comprise:
According to the frequency band determination effective band pre-set and reference band;
According to the described wavelet analog amplitude spectrum of each frequency band and each frequency band described level and smooth after time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude determine that the frequency field time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution operator of described effective band and the frequency field time varying spectrum of described reference band simulate deconvolution operator respectively.
The application also provides a kind of device realizing time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution on the other hand, and this device comprises:
Time-frequency conversion module, for carrying out time-frequency conversion process to seismologic record, obtains time-frequency domain geological data;
First data processing module, for carrying out the process of band limit variable step hyperbolic smooth to the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data, obtains the time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude smoothly;
First computing module, for by the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data and described level and smooth after the product of time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude carry out the temporal wavelet analog amplitude that on average obtains and compose;
Second data processing module, compose for utilizing described wavelet analog amplitude and described level and smooth after time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude determination frequency field time varying spectrum simulate deconvolution operator;
Second computing module, for the geological data after obtaining time-frequency domain deconvolution that is multiplied with described time-frequency domain geological data by described frequency field time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution operator;
Inverse time is conversion module frequently, for carrying out inverse time conversion process frequently to the geological data after described time-frequency domain deconvolution, obtains the geological data after time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution.
In a preferred embodiment, this device also comprises:
Pretreatment module, for carrying out pre-service to described seismologic record; Described pre-service comprises spherical diffusion compensation, Earth's absorption and attenuation, wavelet coherence correction.
In a preferred embodiment, described first data processing module comprises:
Division unit, for being divided into the bin of predetermined number by the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data;
Data determination unit, for the coordinate maximal value of the coordinate minimum value and described bin of determining described bin, and determines the increment of coordinate of described bin according to described coordinate maximal value and described coordinate minimum value;
First computing unit, for calculating the average of sampled point in described bin, and using the average of described average as described bin as constraint condition using the increment of coordinate of described bin;
Data replacement module, the time-frequency value for the sampled point replaced in described bin by the average of described bin obtains the time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude smoothly.
In a preferred embodiment, described first computing module comprises:
Second computing unit, for by the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data with described level and smooth after time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude be multiplied;
3rd computing unit, for carrying out temporally on average obtaining described wavelet analog amplitude spectrum to the result after being multiplied according to following computing formula:
In above formula, W (f) represents wavelet analog amplitude spectrum, the spectral amplitude that Amp_mul_HySm (t, f) represents described time-frequency domain geological data with described level and smooth after time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude be multiplied after result, t
maxrepresent seismologic record maximum time, t
0represent seismologic record minimum time.
In a preferred embodiment, described second data processing module comprises:
Band determination section, the frequency band determination effective band pre-set for basis and reference band;
Deconvolution operator determining unit, for according to the described wavelet analog amplitude spectrum of each frequency band and each frequency band described level and smooth after time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude determine that the frequency field time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution operator of described effective band and the frequency field time varying spectrum of described reference band simulate deconvolution operator respectively.
As can be seen here, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application obtains time-frequency domain geological data by carrying out time-frequency conversion to seismologic record; Then, the variable step hyperbolic smooth being with limit is carried out to the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data; Again by the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data and described level and smooth after the product of time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude carry out the temporal wavelet analog amplitude that on average obtains and compose; Utilize described wavelet analog amplitude to compose and level and smooth after the spectral amplitude of time-frequency domain geological data obtain frequency field time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution operator; Then, according to the geological data after the deconvolution of time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution operator determination time-frequency domain, and carry out inverse time conversion frequently, obtain the geological data after time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution.Compared with prior art, the band limit characteristic sum seismic event that geological data after the time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution that the embodiment of the present application technical scheme utilizes the variable step hyperbolic smooth of band limit to obtain more meets seismic wavelet absorbs and decay characteristics in underground, effectively can identify the reservoir that thickness is little; And algorithmic stability, operation efficiency is also high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present application or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, the accompanying drawing that the following describes is only some embodiments recorded in the application, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of process flow diagram realizing the embodiment of the method for time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution of the application;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the band limit variable step hyperbolic smooth processing procedure in the embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 3 is a kind of schematic diagram realizing the device of time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution that the embodiment of the present application provides;
Fig. 4 is the module diagram that the embodiment of the present application provides the first data processing module.
Embodiment
Technical scheme in the application is understood better in order to make those skilled in the art person, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present application, technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only some embodiments of the present application, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, all should belong to the scope of the application's protection.
The specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application is described below in detail with several concrete example.
Below a kind of embodiment realizing the method for time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution of the application is first introduced.Fig. 1 is a kind of process flow diagram of embodiment realizing the method for time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution of the application, by reference to the accompanying drawings 1, and this embodiment comprises:
S110: carry out time-frequency conversion process to seismologic record, obtains time-frequency domain geological data.
In certain embodiments, time-frequency conversion process can be carried out to seismologic record, obtain time-frequency domain geological data.Concrete, described time-frequency conversion can comprise Short Time Fourier Transform, Gabor transformation, continuous wavelet transform, S-transformation and generalized S-transform etc.
Further, in certain embodiments, before time-frequency conversion process is carried out to described seismologic record, first seismologic record can be gathered, and pre-service is carried out to described seismologic record, described pre-service can comprise spherical diffusion compensation, Earth's absorption and attenuation and wavelet coherence and correct.
S120: the process of band limit variable step hyperbolic smooth is carried out to the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data, obtains the time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude smoothly.
In certain embodiments, after step S110 obtains time-frequency domain geological data, the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data can be obtained to described time-frequency domain geological data delivery, and the process of band limit variable step hyperbolic smooth is carried out to the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data, obtain the time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude smoothly.Concrete, Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the band limit variable step hyperbolic smooth processing procedure in the embodiment of the present application, by reference to the accompanying drawings 2, and the process of band limit variable step hyperbolic smooth can comprise:
S121: the bin spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data being divided into predetermined number.
In certain embodiments, the quantity of described bin can preset according to concrete seismologic record.Concrete such as can be set to 100.
S122: determine the coordinate minimum value of described bin and the coordinate maximal value of described bin, and determine the increment of coordinate of described bin according to described coordinate maximal value and described coordinate minimum value.
Concrete, the coordinate minimum value of described bin can be determined according to following computing formula:
t
1f
1＝C
2·(t
max+t
b)·f
N
In above formula, t
1f
1represent the coordinate minimum value of described bin; t
maxrepresent the maximum time of seismologic record, unit is second; f
nbe the Nyquist frequency of seismologic record, unit is hertz; C represents constant; t
brepresent the intercept time, unit is second.
In addition, in a specific embodiment, the maximum time t of described seismologic record
max=10; The Nyquist frequency f of described seismologic record
n=125; C=0.05.
Described intercept time t
bcan be obtained by following formulae discovery:
t
b＝t
nf
max·t
max/(t
0f
max-t
nf
max)
In above formula, t
brepresent the intercept time, unit is second; t
nf
maxrepresent the cutoff frequency that the seismologic record maximum time correspondence preset is with limit, unit is hertz; t
0f
maxrepresent the cutoff frequency of the seismologic record minimum time correspondence band limit preset, unit is hertz; t
maxrepresent the maximum time of seismologic record, unit is second.
In addition, in a specific embodiment, the corresponding cutoff frequency t being with limit of described seismologic record maximum time
nf
max=80; The cutoff frequency t of described seismologic record minimum time correspondence band limit
0f
max=100
Concrete, the coordinate maximal value of described bin can be determined according to following computing formula:
tf
max＝t
max·f
N
In above formula, tf
maxrepresent the coordinate maximal value of described bin; t
maxrepresent the maximum time of seismologic record, unit is second; f
nbe the Nyquist frequency of seismologic record, unit is hertz.
Concrete, the increment of coordinate of described bin can be determined according to following computing formula:
In above formula, Δ inc represents the increment of coordinate of described bin; Nbin represents bin total quantity; Tf
maxrepresent the coordinate maximal value of described bin; t
1f
1represent the coordinate minimum value of described bin.
S123: the average increment of coordinate of described bin being calculated sampled point in described bin as constraint condition, and using the average of described average as described bin.
In some embodiments, the increment of coordinate of described bin can be calculated the average of sampled point in described bin as constraint condition, and using the average of described average as described bin.Concrete, the average of described bin can be obtained by following computing formula:
In above formula, sm (k) represents the average of a kth bin; Amp (t, f) represents in a described kth bin spectral amplitude of the time-frequency domain geological data of the sampled point meeting t1f1+ (k-1) Δ inc≤tf<t1f1+k Δ inc; Num represents in a described kth bin quantity of the sampled point meeting t1f1+ (k-1) Δ inc≤tf<t1f1+k Δ inc.
S124: the time-frequency value of the sampled point replaced in described bin by the average of described bin obtains the time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude smoothly.
In some embodiments, after step S123 obtains the average of described bin, the time-frequency value of the sampled point can replaced in described bin by the average of described bin obtains the time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude smoothly.Concrete, time-frequency domain determines each sampled point in described bin time-frequency value according to two-dimensional coordinate time and frequency computation part can be included in, and according to the division rule of bin, corresponding sampled point time-frequency value be replaced with the average of bin.Described sampled point time-frequency value can be (t+t
b) f, wherein, t represents the time of this sampled point, and unit is second; F represents the frequency of this sampled point, and unit is hertz; t
brepresent the intercept time, unit is second.
S130: by the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data and described level and smooth after the product of time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude carry out the temporal wavelet analog amplitude that on average obtains and compose.
In certain embodiments, can by the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data and described level and smooth after the product of time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude carry out the temporal wavelet analog amplitude that on average obtains and compose.Concrete can by the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data with described level and smooth after time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude be multiplied, and carry out temporally on average obtaining described wavelet analog amplitude spectrum to the result after being multiplied according to following computing formula:
In above formula, W (f) represents wavelet analog amplitude spectrum, the spectral amplitude that Amp_mul_HySm (t, f) represents described time-frequency domain geological data with described level and smooth after time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude be multiplied after result, t
maxrepresent seismologic record maximum time, t
0represent seismologic record minimum time.
S140: utilize described wavelet analog amplitude to compose and described level and smooth after time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude determination frequency field time varying spectrum simulate deconvolution operator.
In certain embodiments, utilize described wavelet analog amplitude to compose and described level and smooth after time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude determination frequency field time varying spectrum simulate deconvolution operator.Concrete, can according to the frequency band determination effective band pre-set and reference band; Then, the frequency field time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution operator of described effective band and the frequency field time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution operator of described reference band is determined respectively according to the described wavelet analog amplitude spectrum of each frequency band and the described level and smooth time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude of each frequency band.
Concrete, can arrange frequency band according to concrete seismologic record is [f1, f2, f3, f4], so works as f
2≤ f≤f
3time, f belongs to effective band; Work as f
1≤ f<f
2and f
3<f<f
4time, f belongs to reference band; In addition, f<f is worked as
1and f>f
4time, f belongs to other frequency bands.
In addition, in a specific embodiment, the frequency band of described default setting can be:
[f
1＝2,f
2＝4,f
3＝70,f
4＝100]
Accordingly, can according to the described wavelet analog amplitude spectrum of effective band and effective band described level and smooth after time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude determine that the frequency field time varying spectrum of described effective band simulates deconvolution operator.Concrete, following formulae discovery can be utilized to determine the described frequency field time varying spectrum at effective band simulation deconvolution operator:
In above formula, op
y(t, f) represents the frequency field time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution operator of effective band; ε represents the white noise composition preset; V
y(t, f)=W
y(f) HySm
y(t, f) (W
ythe wavelet analog amplitude spectrum of (f) representative in effective band, HySm
y(t, f)) time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude after level and smooth in effective band of representative.V
ymaxbe represented as t V
ythe maximal value of (t, f).
In addition, in a specific embodiment, described in white noise composition ε=0.0001 that presets.Described white noise composition can be compromised signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) and resolution, and ε is larger, and resolution is lower, and signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) is higher, and the less then resolution of ε is higher, and signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) is lower.
Accordingly, can according to the described wavelet analog amplitude spectrum of reference band and manipulation frequency band described level and smooth after time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude determine the frequency field time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution operator of described reference band.Concrete, following formulae discovery can be utilized to determine the described frequency field time varying spectrum in reference band simulation deconvolution operator:
In above formula, op
c(t, f) represents the frequency field time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution operator of reference band; ε represents the white noise composition preset; V
c(t, f)=W
c(f) HySm
c(t, f) (W
cthe wavelet analog amplitude spectrum of (f) representative in reference band, HySm
c(t, f)) time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude after level and smooth in reference band of representative.V
cmaxbe represented as t V
cthe maximal value of (t, f); Work as f
1≤ f<f
2time,
Work as f
3<f<f
4time,
In addition, can replace with constant 1 at the frequency field time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution operator of other frequency bands.
S150: be multiplied described frequency field time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution operator with described time-frequency domain geological data the geological data after obtaining time-frequency domain deconvolution.
In certain embodiments, after step S140 obtains described frequency field time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution operator.Describedly can be multiplied described frequency field time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution operator with described time-frequency domain geological data the geological data after obtaining time-frequency domain deconvolution.
S160: carry out inverse time conversion process frequently to the geological data after described time-frequency domain deconvolution, obtains the geological data after time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution.
In certain embodiments, inverse time conversion process frequently can be carried out to the geological data after described time-frequency domain deconvolution, obtain the geological data after time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution.Concrete, described anti-time-frequency conversion is corresponding with time-frequency conversion described in step S110, and such as described time-frequency conversion is Short Time Fourier Transform, and described inverse time is transformed to inversefouriertransform in short-term frequently.
The technical scheme provided from above the embodiment of the present application, the embodiment of the present application obtains time-frequency domain geological data by carrying out time-frequency conversion to pretreated seismologic record; Then, the variable step hyperbolic smooth being with limit is carried out to the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data; Again by the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data and described level and smooth after the product of time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude carry out the temporal wavelet analog amplitude that on average obtains and compose; Utilize described wavelet analog amplitude to compose and level and smooth after the spectral amplitude of time-frequency domain geological data obtain frequency field time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution operator; Then, according to the geological data after the deconvolution of time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution operator determination time-frequency domain, and carry out inverse time conversion frequently, obtain the geological data after time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution.Compared with prior art, the band limit characteristic sum seismic event that geological data after the time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution that the embodiment of the present application technical scheme utilizes the variable step hyperbolic smooth of band limit to obtain more meets seismic wavelet absorbs and decay characteristics in underground, effectively can identify the reservoir that thickness is little; And algorithmic stability, operation efficiency is also high.
The application also provides on the other hand a kind of device realizing time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution, and Fig. 3 is a kind of schematic diagram realizing the device of time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution that the embodiment of the present application provides, and by reference to the accompanying drawings 3, this device 300 comprises:
Time-frequency conversion module 310, for carrying out time-frequency conversion process to seismologic record, obtains time-frequency domain geological data;
First data processing module 320, for carrying out the process of band limit variable step hyperbolic smooth to the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data, obtains the time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude smoothly;
First computing module 330, for by the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data and described level and smooth after the product of time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude carry out the temporal wavelet analog amplitude that on average obtains and compose;
Second data processing module 340, compose for utilizing described wavelet analog amplitude and described level and smooth after time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude determination frequency field time varying spectrum simulate deconvolution operator;
Second computing module 350, for the geological data after obtaining time-frequency domain deconvolution that is multiplied with described time-frequency domain geological data by described frequency field time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution operator;
Inverse time is conversion module 360 frequently, for carrying out inverse time conversion process frequently to the geological data after described time-frequency domain deconvolution, obtains the geological data after time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution.
In a preferred embodiment, this device 300 also comprises:
Pretreatment module, for carrying out pre-service to described seismologic record; Described pre-service comprises spherical diffusion compensation, Earth's absorption and attenuation, wavelet coherence correction.
Fig. 4 is the module diagram that the embodiment of the present application provides the first data processing module.In a preferred embodiment, by reference to the accompanying drawings 4, described first data processing module 320 comprises:
Division unit 321, for being divided into the bin of predetermined number by the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data;
Data determination unit 322, for the coordinate maximal value of the coordinate minimum value and described bin of determining described bin, and determines the increment of coordinate of described bin according to described coordinate maximal value and described coordinate minimum value;
First computing unit 323, for calculating the average of sampled point in described bin, and using the average of described average as described bin as constraint condition using the increment of coordinate of described bin;
Data replacement module 324, the time-frequency value for the sampled point replaced in described bin by the average of described bin obtains the time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude smoothly.
In a preferred embodiment, described first computing module 330 comprises:
Second computing unit, for by the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data with described level and smooth after time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude be multiplied;
3rd computing unit, for carrying out temporally on average obtaining described wavelet analog amplitude spectrum to the result after being multiplied according to following computing formula:
In above formula, W (f) represents wavelet analog amplitude spectrum, the spectral amplitude that Amp_mul_HySm (t, f) represents described time-frequency domain geological data with described level and smooth after time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude be multiplied after result, t
maxrepresent seismologic record maximum time, t
0represent seismologic record minimum time.
In a preferred embodiment, described second data processing module 340 comprises:
Band determination section, the frequency band determination effective band pre-set for basis and reference band;
Deconvolution operator determining unit, for according to the described wavelet analog amplitude spectrum of each frequency band and each frequency band described level and smooth after time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude determine that the frequency field time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution operator of described effective band and the frequency field time varying spectrum of described reference band simulate deconvolution operator respectively.
As can be seen here, a kind of technical scheme realizing the method and apparatus of time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution of the application obtains time-frequency domain geological data by carrying out time-frequency conversion to pretreated seismologic record; Then, the variable step hyperbolic smooth being with limit is carried out to the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data; Again by the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data and described level and smooth after the product of time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude carry out the temporal wavelet analog amplitude that on average obtains and compose; Utilize described wavelet analog amplitude to compose and level and smooth after the spectral amplitude of time-frequency domain geological data obtain frequency field time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution operator; Then, according to the geological data after the deconvolution of time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution operator determination time-frequency domain, and carry out inverse time conversion frequently, obtain the geological data after time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution.Compared with prior art, the band limit characteristic sum seismic event that geological data after the time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution that the embodiment of the present application technical scheme utilizes the variable step hyperbolic smooth of band limit to obtain more meets seismic wavelet absorbs and decay characteristics in underground, effectively can identify the reservoir that thickness is little; And algorithmic stability, operation efficiency is also high.
Each embodiment in this instructions all adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, and what each embodiment stressed is the difference with other embodiments, between each embodiment identical similar part mutually see.Especially, for system embodiment, because it is substantially similar to embodiment of the method, so description is fairly simple, relevant part illustrates see the part of embodiment of the method.
Although depict the application by embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art know, the application has many distortion and change and do not depart from the spirit of the application, and the claim appended by wishing comprises these distortion and change and do not depart from the spirit of the application.
Claims (10)
1. realize a method for time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution, it is characterized in that, the method comprises:
Time-frequency conversion process is carried out to seismologic record, obtains time-frequency domain geological data;
The process of band limit variable step hyperbolic smooth is carried out to the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data, obtains the time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude smoothly;
By the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data and described level and smooth after the product of time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude carry out the temporal wavelet analog amplitude that on average obtains and compose;
Utilize described wavelet analog amplitude to compose and described level and smooth after time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude determination frequency field time varying spectrum simulate deconvolution operator;
Be multiplied described frequency field time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution operator with described time-frequency domain geological data the geological data after obtaining time-frequency domain deconvolution;
Inverse time conversion process is frequently carried out to the geological data after described time-frequency domain deconvolution, obtains the geological data after time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises before to the process of seismologic record well time-frequency conversion:
Gather seismologic record, pre-service is carried out to described seismologic record; Described pre-service comprises spherical diffusion compensation, Earth's absorption and attenuation, wavelet coherence correction.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the described spectral amplitude to described time-frequency domain geological data carries out the process of band limit variable step hyperbolic smooth, obtains the time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude smoothly and comprises:
The spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data is divided into the bin of predetermined number;
Determine the coordinate minimum value of described bin and the coordinate maximal value of described bin, and determine the increment of coordinate of described bin according to described coordinate maximal value and described coordinate minimum value;
The increment of coordinate of described bin is calculated the average of sampled point in described bin as constraint condition, and using the average of described average as described bin;
The time-frequency value of the sampled point replaced in described bin by the average of described bin obtains the time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude smoothly.
4. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described by the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data and described level and smooth after the product of time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude carry out the temporal wavelet analog amplitude that on average obtains and compose and comprise:
By the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data with described level and smooth after time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude be multiplied, and carry out temporally on average obtaining described wavelet analog amplitude spectrum to the result after being multiplied according to following computing formula:
In above formula, W (f) represents wavelet analog amplitude spectrum, the spectral amplitude that Amp_mul_HySm (t, f) represents described time-frequency domain geological data with described level and smooth after time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude be multiplied after result, t
maxrepresent seismologic record maximum time, t
0represent seismologic record minimum time.
5. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described utilize described wavelet analog amplitude to compose and described level and smooth after time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude determination frequency field time varying spectrum simulate deconvolution operator and comprise:
According to the frequency band determination effective band pre-set and reference band;
According to the described wavelet analog amplitude spectrum of each frequency band and each frequency band described level and smooth after time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude determine that the frequency field time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution operator of described effective band and the frequency field time varying spectrum of described reference band simulate deconvolution operator respectively.
6. realize a device for time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution, it is characterized in that, this device comprises:
Time-frequency conversion module, for carrying out time-frequency conversion process to seismologic record, obtains time-frequency domain geological data;
First data processing module, for carrying out the process of band limit variable step hyperbolic smooth to the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data, obtains the time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude smoothly;
First computing module, for by the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data and described level and smooth after the product of time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude carry out the temporal wavelet analog amplitude that on average obtains and compose;
Second data processing module, compose for utilizing described wavelet analog amplitude and described level and smooth after time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude determination frequency field time varying spectrum simulate deconvolution operator;
Second computing module, for the geological data after obtaining time-frequency domain deconvolution that is multiplied with described time-frequency domain geological data by described frequency field time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution operator;
Inverse time is conversion module frequently, for carrying out inverse time conversion process frequently to the geological data after described time-frequency domain deconvolution, obtains the geological data after time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution.
7. device according to claim 6, is characterized in that, this device also comprises:
Pretreatment module, for carrying out pre-service to described seismologic record; Described pre-service comprises spherical diffusion compensation, Earth's absorption and attenuation, wavelet coherence correction.
8. the device according to claim 6 or 7, is characterized in that, described first data processing module comprises:
Division unit, for being divided into the bin of predetermined number by the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data;
Data determination unit, for the coordinate maximal value of the coordinate minimum value and described bin of determining described bin, and determines the increment of coordinate of described bin according to described coordinate maximal value and described coordinate minimum value;
First computing unit, for calculating the average of sampled point in described bin, and using the average of described average as described bin as constraint condition using the increment of coordinate of described bin;
Data replacement module, the time-frequency value for the sampled point replaced in described bin by the average of described bin obtains the time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude smoothly.
9. the device according to claim 6 or 7, is characterized in that, described first computing module comprises:
Second computing unit, for by the spectral amplitude of described time-frequency domain geological data with described level and smooth after time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude be multiplied;
3rd computing unit, for carrying out temporally on average obtaining described wavelet analog amplitude spectrum to the result after being multiplied according to following computing formula:
In above formula, W (f) represents wavelet analog amplitude spectrum, the spectral amplitude that Amp_mul_HySm (t, f) represents described time-frequency domain geological data with described level and smooth after time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude be multiplied after result, t
maxrepresent seismologic record maximum time, t
0represent seismologic record minimum time.
10. the device according to claim 6 or 7, is characterized in that, described second data processing module comprises:
Band determination section, the frequency band determination effective band pre-set for basis and reference band;
Deconvolution operator determining unit, for according to the described wavelet analog amplitude spectrum of each frequency band and each frequency band described level and smooth after time-frequency domain geological data spectral amplitude determine that the frequency field time varying spectrum simulation deconvolution operator of described effective band and the frequency field time varying spectrum of described reference band simulate deconvolution operator respectively.
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