CN104808245A - Gather optimized processing method and device thereof - Google Patents
Gather optimized processing method and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104808245A CN104808245A CN201510255908.1A CN201510255908A CN104808245A CN 104808245 A CN104808245 A CN 104808245A CN 201510255908 A CN201510255908 A CN 201510255908A CN 104808245 A CN104808245 A CN 104808245A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a gather optimized processing method. The gather optimized processing method comprises the following steps of carrying out noise attenuation processing on actually-obtained pre-stack gathers by adopting a Radon conversion filtering method; carrying out gather leveling processing on the pre-stack gathers which are subjected to the noise attenuation processing by adopting a static correction method; carrying out amplitude correction processing on the pre-stack gathers which are subjected to the gather leveling processing by adopting a background tendency energy compensation method based on model AVO (Amplitude Variation with Offset) characteristics. According to the gather optimized processing method, the Radon conversion filtering method can be used for removing multiple waves, linear interference, random noises and the like in the gathers; the gather optimized processing method has a strong noise elimination capability and is less damage to signals; the gather leveling adopts the static correction method so that the gathers can be leveled better; furthermore, the amplitude correction adopts background tendency energy compensation based on the model AVO characteristics, and the characteristic that the amplitude of the gathers are changed along the offset distance is accurately corrected.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seismic channel set technical field, particularly relate to a kind of road collection optimized treatment method and device thereof.
Background technology
Prestack inversion technology makes full use of the change information of seismic amplitude with offset distance (angle), the elastic parameter (as velocity of longitudinal wave, shear wave velocity, density etc.) of quantitative estimation underground medium, plays an important role in the prediction of reservoir prediction, Gas potential detection and dessert.The basis of prestack inversion is high-quality prestack CRP road collection, and General Requirements prestack road collection has higher signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), lineups level and hi-fi of amplitude etc.And the seism processing of routine with structure imaging, structure elucidation for fundamental purpose, there is the problem of three aspects below in the prestack road collection of generation: 1, set information signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) in prestack road is not high usually; 2, affect by factors such as static correction, dynamic school speed, wavelet, anisotropy, road collection lineups are uneven; 3, disperse in the complex dielectrics communication process of underground by seismic event, absorb, non-relative amplitude preserved processing in data process, and the impact of the factor such as the defect of mountainous districts recording geometry, actual road collection amplitude energy is untrue, and road collection amplitude variation with Offset truly can not disclose the feature of underground medium.
Summary of the invention
Fundamental purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of road collection optimized treatment method and device thereof, is intended to the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of raising prestack road collection, lineups level and hi-fi of amplitude.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of road collection optimized treatment method, comprise the following steps:
Adopt Radon to convert filter method and sound attenuation process is carried out to the actual prestack road collection got;
Adopt static correction method to carry out collection to the prestack road collection after sound attenuation process and even up process;
Adopt the background trend energy compensation process based on model AVO feature to even up the prestack road collection after process to road collection and carry out correction of amplitude process.
Preferably, described employing is evened up to road collection the step that the prestack road collection after process carries out correction of amplitude process based on the background trend energy compensation process of model AVO feature and is specifically comprised:
The well curve obtained is utilized just to perform prestack road collection, objective interval vibration amplitude with off-set distance variation characteristic on the prestack road collection that statistics is just being performed;
Add up the aboveground actual prestack road collection objective interval vibration amplitude with off-set distance variation characteristic got, the vibration amplitude with off-set distance variation characteristic integrated with the prestack road just performed, as standard, asks for amplitude-versus-offset apart from correction function;
Described amplitude-versus-offset is applied to the actual prestack road collection got apart from correction function, correction of amplitude is carried out to the actual prestack road collection got.
Preferably, described amplitude-versus-offset asks for employing following methods apart from correction function: on the actual prestack Dao Ji got with the prestack road collection just performed, simulate amplitude-versus-offset apart from linear relation respectively, asks for amplitude-versus-offset apart from correction function according to these two amplitude-versus-offset on linear relation.
Preferably, when adopting static correcting method smoothing prestack road collection, during cross-correlation, window values is greater than 40ms, and maximum permission time shift amount is less than 16ms.
Preferably, when applying Radon and converting filtering excision method decay prestack road collection noise, the velocity range of difference measuring-signal and noise on the prestack road collection in time and space territory; At the enterprising line frequency analysis of spectrum of prestack road collection in time and space territory, determine the frequency range that noise and signal are residing separately; Noise cut-away area is defined, to carry out sound attenuation process to the actual prestack road collection got according to noise and the difference of signal in speed and frequency range.
The present invention proposes a kind of road collection optimization process device further, comprising:
Sound attenuation processing module, converts filter method for adopting Radon and carries out sound attenuation process to the actual prestack road collection got;
Processing module evened up by road collection, carries out collection even up process for adopting static correction method to the prestack road collection after sound attenuation process;
Correction of amplitude processing module, evens up the prestack road collection after process for adopting the background trend energy compensation process based on model AVO feature to road collection and carries out correction of amplitude process.
Preferably, described correction of amplitude processing module is just performing prestack road collection specifically for utilizing the well curve obtained, objective interval vibration amplitude with off-set distance variation characteristic on the prestack road collection that statistics is just being performed; Add up the aboveground actual prestack road collection objective interval vibration amplitude with off-set distance variation characteristic got, the vibration amplitude with off-set distance variation characteristic integrated with the prestack road just performed, as standard, asks for amplitude-versus-offset apart from correction function; Described amplitude-versus-offset is applied to the actual prestack road collection got apart from correction function, correction of amplitude is carried out to the actual prestack road collection got.
Preferably, described amplitude-versus-offset asks for employing following methods apart from correction function: on the actual prestack Dao Ji got with the prestack road collection just performed, simulate amplitude-versus-offset apart from linear relation respectively, asks for amplitude-versus-offset apart from correction function according to these two amplitude-versus-offset on linear relation.
Preferably, when adopting static correcting method smoothing prestack road collection, during cross-correlation, window values is greater than 40ms, and maximum permission time shift amount is less than 16ms.
Preferably, when applying Radon and converting filtering excision method decay prestack road collection noise, the velocity range of difference measuring-signal and noise on the prestack road collection in time and space territory; At the enterprising line frequency analysis of spectrum of prestack road collection in time and space territory, determine the frequency range that noise and signal are residing separately; Noise cut-away area is defined, to carry out sound attenuation process to the actual prestack road collection got according to noise and the difference of signal in speed and frequency range.
The road collection optimized treatment method that the present invention proposes, front road collection carries out sound attenuation successively through the stack, road collection is evened up and correction of amplitude, wherein, adopt Radon to convert filter method and can remove the multiple reflection concentrated well, linear disturbance and random noise etc., there is noise removal capability strong, the feature less to the infringement of signal, improve the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of prestack road collection, simultaneously, road collection is evened up and be have employed static correction method, collection can be smoothed better, in addition, correction of amplitude have employed the background trend energy compensating based on model AVO feature, the feature of the amplitude variation with Offset of road collection is corrected exactly.To sum up, after the road collection optimization process of above three aspects, can improve the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of prestack road collection, smoothing lineups, improve hi-fi of amplitude degree, thus improve the accuracy of prestack inversion result.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of road of the present invention collection optimized treatment method preferred embodiment;
Fig. 2 is that in Fig. 1, step employing evens up to road collection the refinement schematic flow sheet that the prestack road collection after process carries out correction of amplitude process based on the background trend energy compensation process of model AVO feature;
The schematic diagram of front prestack road collection optimized by Tu3Wei road collection;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of prestack road collection after the collection optimization process of passageway;
Fig. 5 is the contrast schematic diagram to the p-wave impedance curve be finally inversed by respectively before and after optimization and real well curve;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of road collection optimization process device preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The realization of the object of the invention, functional characteristics and advantage will in conjunction with the embodiments, are described further with reference to accompanying drawing.
Embodiment
Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
The present invention proposes a kind of road collection optimized treatment method.
With reference to the schematic flow sheet that Fig. 1, Fig. 1 are road of the present invention collection optimized treatment method preferred embodiment.
In this preferred embodiment, a kind of road collection optimized treatment method, comprises the following steps:
Step S10, adopts Radon to convert filter method and carries out sound attenuation process to the actual prestack road collection got;
Prestack road concentrates the main noise of existence to have random noise, multiple reflection, linear disturbance etc.Multiple reflection compacting mainly contains two class methods: filter method and the method based on wave equation prediction.Based on wave equation predicted method, to underground medium without any hypothesis, but the method requires very strict to earthquake data prediction, and counting yield is lower, approximates the calculated amount of pre-stack time migration.Filtering method multiple suppression, mainly application is that multiple reflection has the characteristic of less NMO velocity than primary reflection.That is, multiple reflection T-X curve, compared with the primary reflection of identical zero-offset two-way time, has larger curvature.Based on the multiple reflection drawing method of NMO (NormalMoveout, normal moveout correction) tachometric method, F-K filter method, CMP method of superposition, Radon is had to convert filtering excision method etc.These methods are all supposed between primary reflection and multiple reflection, have enough normal moveout correction time differences, and make them be easy to distinguish in new transform domain come, and then realize filtering and the compacting of multiple reflection.Wherein Radon converts the feature that filtering excision method operation efficiency is high, less to the infringement of useful signal and noise removal capability is strong.
Radon conversion also can be described as beam steering.The Discrete Radon Transform formula of uniform sampling is provided by Schultz and Kostov, and for discrete seismic trace, its direct transform form is:
Wherein, d (X
n, t) be the seismic data volume in x-t territory, total N
xtrack data, X
nfor offset distance, m (τ, p) is the model space in Radon territory, and τ is the zero-offset intercept time, and p is ray parameter.On the horizontal lineups in time and space territory, in Radon direct transform territory, approximate convergence is a point, and multiple reflection then shows as the form of curve, the two can better distinguish, the surgical filtering function of design, after multiple reflection compacting algorithm carries out filtering, filter effect is remarkable.Linear disturbance, random noise can be suppressed with Radon converter technique equally well.By Radon conversion, road collection is transformed to τ-p territory from time and space territory, define noise excision extension, noise attenuation according to signal and noise in τ-p territory distribution characteristics, realize the decay to prestack road collection random noise, linear disturbance, multiple reflection.
When applying Radon and converting filtering excision method decay prestack road collection noise, the difference of noise and signal distributions feature need be carefully analyzed, meticulous definition noise cut-away area.Concrete employing following methods: the velocity range of difference measuring-signal and noise on the prestack road collection in time and space territory; At the enterprising line frequency analysis of spectrum of prestack road collection in time and space territory, determine the frequency range that noise and signal are residing separately; Noise cut-away area is defined, to carry out sound attenuation process to the actual prestack road collection got according to noise and the difference of signal in speed and frequency range.
Step S20, adopts static correction method to carry out collection to the prestack road collection after sound attenuation process and evens up process;
When road collection lineups are out-of-level, the conventional road collection method of evening up mainly contains two classes, and a class is static correction method, and another kind of is speed adjusting method.
Speed adjusting method supposition road collection injustice is caused by residual NMO correction, residual NMO correction solution is carried out by introducing high-order NMO and anisotropic parameters, but anisotropy parameter is asked for more difficult, this method cannot solve the road collection injustice because static correction causes and shake simultaneously.
Static correction method supposition road collection lineups are uneven to be caused by static correction with shake, smooths collection by asking for static correction value.In the present embodiment, reflection static corr ections residual static corrections is adopted to even up collection.Reflection static corr ections residual static correction is a kind of pressure smoothing static correcting method not having physical significance, and it can smooth collection lineups well.Every trace record and library track are carried out cross-correlation (library track selects superposing of collection) by the method first on time window, to determine each road corresponding optimum time shift amount, and application static correction value, smoothing road collection lineups.
When adopting static correcting method smoothing prestack road collection, during cross-correlation, window values is greater than 40ms, and maximum permission time shift amount is less than 16ms.During cross-correlation, window values is unsuitable too small, and to reduce, to cause static correction value to be asked for because window during cross-correlation is too small inaccurate; Maximum permission time shift amount is unsuitable excessive, to reduce the too much change to original road collection lineups, such as changes the amplitude characteristic of original road collection, changes original road collection lineups number etc.
Step S30, adopts the background trend energy compensation process based on model AVO (Amplitude Versus Offset, the change of amplitude offset distance) feature to even up the prestack road collection after process to road collection and carries out correction of amplitude process.
Particularly, with reference to Fig. 2, step S30 specifically comprises:
Step S301, utilizes the well curve obtained just performing prestack road collection, objective interval vibration amplitude with off-set distance variation characteristic on the prestack road collection that statistics is just being performed;
Step S302, adds up the aboveground actual prestack road collection objective interval vibration amplitude with off-set distance variation characteristic got, and the vibration amplitude with off-set distance variation characteristic integrated with the prestack road just performed, as standard, asks for amplitude-versus-offset apart from correction function;
Described amplitude-versus-offset asks for employing following methods apart from correction function: on the actual prestack Dao Ji got with the prestack road collection just performed, simulate amplitude-versus-offset apart from linear relation respectively, asks for amplitude-versus-offset apart from correction function according to these two amplitude-versus-offset on linear relation.
Step S303, is applied to the actual prestack road collection got by described amplitude-versus-offset apart from correction function, carries out correction of amplitude to the actual prestack road collection got.
When this method being used in practice, with reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, in figure, ordinate is time scale, unit millisecond, and horizontal ordinate is prestack road collection offset distance, unit rice, comparison diagram 3 and Fig. 4 can draw, the prestack road collection before and after above three step road collection optimization processes, after optimization process, road collection signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) is improved, and lineups are smoothed; Road collection before and after optimization process carries out prestack inversion, and the section signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of inverting after optimization process improves, and space continuity improves, and inversion result is more reasonable.By to the curve that is finally inversed by respectively and real well curve comparison before and after optimizing, in one embodiment, as Fig. 5 (have updated Fig. 5, add grid and coordinate axis indicates) shown in (horizontal ordinate is p-wave impedance, unit (m/s) * (g/cc), ordinate is time scale, unit millisecond) between objective interval 1255ms to 1314ms, the p-wave impedance well curve (long dotted line) be finally inversed by after the collection optimization process of passageway is than optimizing front inverting p-wave impedance curve (short dash line) closer to real well curve (solid line), well curve and the real well curvilinear correlation degree of optimizing the collection inverting of front road are 0.635, well curve and the real well curvilinear correlation degree of road collection inverting after optimizing are 0.783, after optimizing, inversion result is more accurate.
The road collection optimized treatment method that the present embodiment proposes, front road collection carries out sound attenuation successively through the stack, road collection is evened up and correction of amplitude, wherein, Radon converts filter method can remove the multiple reflection concentrated well, linear disturbance and random noise etc., there is noise removal capability strong, the feature less to the infringement of signal, improve the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of prestack road collection, simultaneously, road collection is evened up and be have employed static correction method, collection can be smoothed better, in addition, correction of amplitude have employed the background trend energy compensating based on model AVO feature, the feature of the amplitude variation with Offset of road collection is corrected exactly.To sum up, after the road collection optimization process of above three aspects, can improve the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of prestack road collection, smoothing lineups, improve hi-fi of amplitude degree, thus improve the accuracy of prestack inversion result.
The present invention proposes a kind of road collection optimization process device further.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of road collection optimization process device preferred embodiment of the present invention.
In this preferred embodiment, road collection optimization process device comprises:
Sound attenuation processing module 10, converts filter method for adopting Radon and carries out sound attenuation process to the actual prestack road collection got;
When applying Radon and converting filtering excision method decay prestack road collection noise, the velocity range of difference measuring-signal and noise on the prestack road collection in time and space territory; At the enterprising line frequency analysis of spectrum of prestack road collection in time and space territory, determine the frequency range that noise and signal are residing separately; Noise cut-away area is defined, to carry out sound attenuation process to the actual prestack road collection got according to noise and the difference of signal in speed and frequency range.
Processing module 20 evened up by road collection, carries out collection even up process for adopting static correction method to the prestack road collection after sound attenuation process;
When adopting static correcting method smoothing prestack road collection, during cross-correlation, window values is greater than 40ms, and maximum permission time shift amount is less than 16ms.
Correction of amplitude processing module 30, evens up the prestack road collection after process for adopting the background trend energy compensation process based on model AVO feature to road collection and carries out correction of amplitude process.
Correction of amplitude processing module 30 is just performing prestack road collection specifically for utilizing the well curve obtained, objective interval vibration amplitude with off-set distance variation characteristic on the prestack road collection that statistics is just being performed; Add up the aboveground actual prestack road collection objective interval vibration amplitude with off-set distance variation characteristic got, the vibration amplitude with off-set distance variation characteristic integrated with the prestack road just performed, as standard, asks for amplitude-versus-offset apart from correction function; Described amplitude-versus-offset is applied to the actual prestack road collection got apart from correction function, correction of amplitude is carried out to the actual prestack road collection got.
Amplitude-versus-offset asks for employing following methods apart from correction function: on the actual prestack Dao Ji got with the prestack road collection just performed, simulate amplitude-versus-offset apart from linear relation respectively, asks for amplitude-versus-offset apart from correction function according to these two amplitude-versus-offset on linear relation.
The road collection optimization process device that the present embodiment proposes, front road collection carries out sound attenuation successively through the stack, road collection is evened up and correction of amplitude, wherein, Radon converts filter method can remove the multiple reflection concentrated well, linear disturbance and random noise etc., there is noise removal capability strong, the feature less to the infringement of signal, simultaneously, road collection is evened up and be have employed static correction method, collection can be smoothed better, in addition, correction of amplitude have employed the background trend energy compensating based on model AVO feature, the feature of the amplitude variation with Offset of road collection is corrected exactly.To sum up, after the road collection optimization process of above three aspects, can improve the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of prestack road collection, smoothing lineups, improve hi-fi of amplitude degree, thus improve the accuracy of prestack inversion result.
These are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every equivalent structure transformation utilizing instructions of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to do, or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a road collection optimized treatment method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Adopt Radon to convert filter method and sound attenuation process is carried out to the actual prestack road collection got;
Adopt static correction method to carry out collection to the prestack road collection after sound attenuation process and even up process;
Adopt the background trend energy compensation process based on model AVO feature to even up the prestack road collection after process to road collection and carry out correction of amplitude process.
2. road as claimed in claim 1 collection optimized treatment method, is characterized in that, described employing is evened up to road collection the step that the prestack road collection after process carries out correction of amplitude process based on the background trend energy compensation process of model AVO feature and specifically comprised:
The well curve obtained is utilized just to perform prestack road collection, objective interval vibration amplitude with off-set distance variation characteristic on the prestack road collection that statistics is just being performed;
Add up the aboveground actual prestack road collection objective interval vibration amplitude with off-set distance variation characteristic got, the vibration amplitude with off-set distance variation characteristic integrated with the prestack road just performed, as standard, asks for amplitude-versus-offset apart from correction function;
Described amplitude-versus-offset is applied to the actual prestack road collection got apart from correction function, correction of amplitude is carried out to the actual prestack road collection got.
3. road as claimed in claim 2 collection optimized treatment method, it is characterized in that, described amplitude-versus-offset asks for employing following methods apart from correction function: on the actual prestack Dao Ji got with the prestack road collection just performed, simulate amplitude-versus-offset apart from linear relation respectively, asks for amplitude-versus-offset apart from correction function according to these two amplitude-versus-offset on linear relation.
4. as the road collection optimized treatment method in claims 1 to 3 as described in any one, it is characterized in that, when adopting static correcting method smoothing prestack road collection, during cross-correlation, window values is greater than 40ms, and maximum permission time shift amount is less than 16ms.
5., as the road collection optimized treatment method of any one in claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, when applying Radon and converting filtering excision method decay prestack road collection noise, the velocity range of difference measuring-signal and noise on the prestack road collection in time and space territory; At the enterprising line frequency analysis of spectrum of prestack road collection in time and space territory, determine the frequency range that noise and signal are residing separately; Noise cut-away area is defined, to carry out sound attenuation process to the actual prestack road collection got according to noise and the difference of signal in speed and frequency range.
6. a road collection optimization process device, is characterized in that, comprising:
Sound attenuation processing module, converts filter method for adopting Radon and carries out sound attenuation process to the actual prestack road collection got;
Processing module evened up by road collection, carries out collection even up process for adopting static correction method to the prestack road collection after sound attenuation process;
Correction of amplitude processing module, evens up the prestack road collection after process for adopting the background trend energy compensation process based on model AVO feature to road collection and carries out correction of amplitude process.
7. collection optimization process device in road as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, described correction of amplitude processing module is just performing prestack road collection specifically for utilizing the well curve obtained, objective interval vibration amplitude with off-set distance variation characteristic on the prestack road collection that statistics is just being performed; Add up the aboveground actual prestack road collection objective interval vibration amplitude with off-set distance variation characteristic got, the vibration amplitude with off-set distance variation characteristic integrated with the prestack road just performed, as standard, asks for amplitude-versus-offset apart from correction function; Described amplitude-versus-offset is applied to the actual prestack road collection got apart from correction function, correction of amplitude is carried out to the actual prestack road collection got.
8. collection optimization process device in road as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described amplitude-versus-offset asks for employing following methods apart from correction function: on the actual prestack Dao Ji got with the prestack road collection just performed, simulate amplitude-versus-offset apart from linear relation respectively, asks for amplitude-versus-offset apart from correction function according to these two amplitude-versus-offset on linear relation.
9. as the road collection optimization process device in claim 6 to 8 as described in any one, it is characterized in that, when adopting static correcting method smoothing prestack road collection, during cross-correlation, window values is greater than 40ms, and maximum permission time shift amount is less than 16ms.
10., as the road collection optimization process device of any one in claim 6 to 8, it is characterized in that, when applying Radon and converting filtering excision method decay prestack road collection noise, the velocity range of difference measuring-signal and noise on the prestack road collection in time and space territory; At the enterprising line frequency analysis of spectrum of prestack road collection in time and space territory, determine the frequency range that noise and signal are residing separately; Noise cut-away area is defined, to carry out sound attenuation process to the actual prestack road collection got according to noise and the difference of signal in speed and frequency range.
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| CN105182419A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2015-12-23 | 电子科技大学 | Pre-stack seismic signal event alignment method based on global optimization |
| CN106443789A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-22 | 电子科技大学 | Segmental DTW (dynamic time warping) based seismic signal prestack gather flattening method |
| CN106468784A (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2017-03-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of denoising method based on poststack seismic data signal to noise ratio attribute and device |
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| CN111736221A (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2020-10-02 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Amplitude fidelity determination method and system |
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