CN111781644B - Linear interference attenuation method and device for shallow and medium stratum seismic data - Google Patents
Linear interference attenuation method and device for shallow and medium stratum seismic data Download PDFInfo
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/36—Effecting static or dynamic corrections on records, e.g. correcting spread; Correlating seismic signals; Eliminating effects of unwanted energy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a linear interference attenuation method and a linear interference attenuation device for shallow and medium stratum seismic data, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring shallow and medium stratum seismic data of each position, and determining the actual offset distance of each position according to position information; correcting the actual offset distance according to the minimum theoretical offset distance and the theoretical offset distance interval; and extracting shallow and medium stratum seismic data at the positions with the same offset value from the corrected actual offset, and respectively performing linear interference attenuation on the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value. The method can effectively suppress the linear interference in the shallow-middle-layer seismic data, and overcome the problem that the linear interference in the seismic data cannot be attenuated due to the serious aliasing of the linear interference and effective signals, thereby ensuring the shallow-middle-layer velocity pickup precision and laying a foundation for high-quality migration imaging.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seismic data processing, in particular to a linear interference attenuation method and device for shallow and medium stratum seismic data.
Background
During the propagation process, the seismic waves can generate reflection or refraction phenomena, and different waves can generate mutual superposition interference, so that various noise interferences are generated. The linear interference is derived from surface waves and direct waves generated in the process of near-surface propagation of a seismic wave field, and the surface waves and the direct waves in the seismic data cannot reflect the reflection characteristics of the stratum, so the surface waves and the direct waves are regarded as interference. In general, the linear interference on the seismic data is eliminated by using stack processing in the migration imaging process, or the linear interference in the seismic data is suppressed by directly adopting a linear interference suppression method. However, for shallow and medium stratum seismic data, because the position is close to a seismic source, the linear interference energy is very strong, the energy of an effective signal is relatively weak, linear interference on the seismic data cannot be mutually offset only through superposition processing in the migration imaging process, and because the effective signal and the interference are seriously aliased in the shallow and medium stratum, the linear characteristic of the interference is not obvious, the linear interference in the seismic data is difficult to be effectively attenuated by directly adopting a linear interference suppression method, so that the velocity picking precision of the shallow and medium stratum is reduced, and the overall migration imaging quality is finally influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a linear interference attenuation method for shallow and middle stratum seismic data, which is used for suppressing linear interference existing in the shallow and middle stratum seismic data and overcoming the problem that the linear interference in the seismic data cannot be attenuated due to serious aliasing of the linear interference and effective signals, thereby ensuring the shallow and middle stratum velocity pickup precision and laying a foundation for high-quality migration imaging, and the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring shallow and medium stratum seismic data of each position, and determining the actual offset distance of each position according to position information;
correcting the actual offset distance according to the minimum theoretical offset distance and the theoretical offset distance interval;
and extracting shallow and medium stratum seismic data at the positions with the same offset value from the corrected actual offset, and respectively performing linear interference attenuation on the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value.
The embodiment of the invention provides a linear interference attenuation device for shallow and middle stratum seismic data, which is used for suppressing linear interference existing in the shallow and middle stratum seismic data and overcoming the problem that the linear interference in the seismic data cannot be attenuated due to serious aliasing of the linear interference and effective signals, thereby ensuring the picking precision of the shallow and middle stratum velocity and laying a foundation for high-quality migration imaging, and the device comprises:
the offset obtaining module is used for obtaining shallow and medium stratum seismic data of each position and determining the actual offset of each position according to the position information;
the offset correction module is used for correcting the actual offset according to the minimum theoretical offset and the theoretical offset interval;
and the linear interference attenuation module is used for extracting shallow and medium stratum seismic data at the positions with the same offset value from the corrected actual offset, and respectively performing linear interference attenuation on the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the following method is implemented:
acquiring shallow and medium stratum seismic data of each position, and determining the actual offset distance of each position according to position information;
correcting the actual offset distance according to the minimum theoretical offset distance and the theoretical offset distance interval;
and extracting shallow and medium stratum seismic data at the positions with the same offset value from the corrected actual offset, and respectively performing linear interference attenuation on the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program for executing the following method is stored in the computer-readable storage medium:
acquiring shallow and medium stratum seismic data of each position, and determining the actual offset distance of each position according to position information;
correcting the actual offset distance according to the minimum theoretical offset distance and the theoretical offset distance interval;
and extracting shallow and medium stratum seismic data at the positions with the same offset value from the corrected actual offset, and respectively performing linear interference attenuation on the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value.
Compared with the scheme that the linear interference in the seismic data is attenuated by directly adopting a linear interference suppression method and the linear interference is counteracted by stacking processing in the offset imaging process in the prior art, the shallow and medium stratum seismic data of each position are obtained, the actual offset distance of each position is determined according to the position information, the actual offset distance is corrected according to the minimum theoretical offset distance and the theoretical offset distance interval, the shallow and medium stratum seismic data at the position with the same offset distance value are extracted from the corrected actual offset distance, and finally the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset distance value are respectively subjected to linear interference attenuation. According to the embodiment of the invention, the irregular actual offset is corrected by using the minimum theoretical offset and the theoretical offset interval, then shallow and medium stratum seismic data at the position with the same offset value are extracted from the corrected actual offset, and after the shallow and medium stratum seismic data with the same offset value are gathered together, the difference between effective signals and interference is enlarged for the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value, so that the problem of serious aliasing of the effective signals and the interference in a shallow and medium stratum is solved, further, after the shallow and medium stratum seismic data with the same offset value are subjected to centralized linear interference attenuation processing, the linear interference in the seismic data can be effectively attenuated, the shallow and medium stratum velocity pickup precision is ensured, and a foundation is laid for high-quality offset imaging.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a linear disturbance attenuation method for shallow and medium stratigraphic seismic data in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of raw single shot seismic data in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of single shot seismic data after time-shifting the seismic data to a fixed time constant according to a first arrival of the pickup according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of picking up trend horizon information of shallow middle layer structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional diagram of a linear jammer pre-attenuation stack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the linear jammer attenuated and then superimposed according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a single shot shallow mid-layer before linear interference attenuation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a single shot shallow mid-layer partially enlarged after linear interference attenuation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a linear disturbance attenuation apparatus for shallow and medium earth seismic data in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
In order to suppress linear interference existing in shallow middle layer seismic data and overcome the problem that the linear interference in the seismic data cannot be attenuated due to the serious aliasing of the linear interference and effective signals, so that the shallow middle layer velocity pickup precision is ensured, and a foundation is laid for high-quality migration imaging, an embodiment of the invention provides a linear interference attenuation method for shallow middle stratum seismic data, which comprises the following steps of:
102, correcting the actual offset distance according to the minimum theoretical offset distance and the theoretical offset distance interval;
and 103, extracting shallow and medium stratum seismic data at the positions with the same offset value from the corrected actual offset, and performing linear interference attenuation on the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value respectively.
As shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, shallow and medium stratum seismic data at each position are obtained, an actual offset distance at each position is determined according to position information, the actual offset distance is corrected according to a minimum theoretical offset distance and a theoretical offset distance interval, shallow and medium stratum seismic data at positions with the same offset distance value are extracted from the corrected actual offset distance, and finally, linear interference attenuation is performed on the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset distance value. According to the embodiment of the invention, the irregular actual offset is corrected by using the minimum theoretical offset and the theoretical offset interval, then shallow and medium stratum seismic data at the position with the same offset value are extracted from the corrected actual offset, and after the shallow and medium stratum seismic data with the same offset value are gathered together, the difference between effective signals and interference is enlarged for the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value, so that the problem of serious aliasing of the effective signals and the interference in a shallow and medium stratum is solved, further, after the shallow and medium stratum seismic data with the same offset value are subjected to centralized linear interference attenuation processing, the linear interference in the seismic data can be effectively attenuated, the shallow and medium stratum velocity pickup precision is ensured, and a foundation is laid for high-quality offset imaging.
And during specific implementation, shallow and medium stratum seismic data of each position are obtained, and the actual offset distance of each position is determined according to the position information.
In the embodiment, shallow middle stratum seismic data of each position are firstly obtained, each position corresponds to an actual offset distance, and after the shallow middle stratum seismic data of each position are obtained, the actual offset distance of each position is determined according to position information.
In the embodiment, after shallow and medium stratum seismic data of each position are obtained, first arrival information of the shallow and medium stratum seismic data is picked up, time shifting is carried out on the shallow and medium stratum seismic data of each position according to the first arrival information, and the first arrival time shifting of the shallow and medium stratum seismic data is carried out to a fixed time constant. For example, the first arrival time of seismic data is manually or automatically picked up, the picked up result is edited, unsuitable points are eliminated, and finally points which are not picked up or eliminated are interpolated by using the first arrival time close to the picking up. The time range of the shallow and middle stratum seismic data is extended to a set length ta 0 ，ta 0 The seismic data after time shift is not truncated according to the requirement, and then time shift is carried out on each path of seismic data according to the following formula:
ta＝-1×(ta 1 -ta 2 ) (1)
wherein ta is the time of time shifting of each seismic data, ta 1 For a fixed amount of time, ta 2 For pickup time of each lane, ta 1 The value of (ta) is required to satisfy 1 + original length of seismic data)<ta 0 . After linear interference attenuation is carried out, corresponding reverse time shifting needs to be carried out on shallow middle stratum seismic data at each position respectively.
In specific implementation, the actual offset distance is corrected according to the minimum theoretical offset distance and the theoretical offset distance interval.
In the embodiment, firstly, according to the actual offset, the minimum theoretical offset and the theoretical offset interval of each position, the theoretical offset grouping value corresponding to each position is determined according to the following formula:
wherein, offset _ class is the theoretical offset grouping value corresponding to each position, offset _ real is the actual offset of each position, offset0 is the minimum theoretical offset, offset _ gap is the theoretical offset interval, and [. Cndot. ] is the rounding.
In an embodiment, after determining the theoretical offset grouping value corresponding to each position, according to the theoretical offset grouping value corresponding to each position and the theoretical offset interval, the actual offset is corrected according to the following formula:
offset＝offset_class×offset_gap (3)
wherein, offset _ class is a theoretical offset grouping value corresponding to each position, offset _ gap is a theoretical offset interval, and offset is an actual offset after correction.
In specific implementation, shallow and medium stratum seismic data at the same offset value are extracted from the corrected actual offset, and linear interference attenuation is respectively carried out on the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value. In the prior art, for shallow and medium stratum seismic data, because the position is close to a seismic source, the linear interference energy is very strong, the energy of an effective signal is relatively weak, the linear interference on the seismic data cannot be mutually counteracted only through superposition processing in the migration imaging process, and because the effective signal and the interference are seriously aliased in the shallow and medium stratum, the linear characteristic of the interference is not obvious, the linear interference in the seismic data is difficult to be effectively attenuated by directly adopting a linear interference suppression method, the velocity pickup precision of the shallow and medium stratum is reduced, and the integral migration imaging quality is finally influenced. The inventor finds that after shallow and medium stratum seismic data with the same offset value are gathered together, the difference between effective signals and interference is enlarged for the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value, and the problem that the effective signals and the interference are seriously aliased in the shallow and medium stratum can be solved. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention corrects the irregular actual offset by using the minimum theoretical offset and the theoretical offset interval, extracts the shallow and medium stratum seismic data at the same position of the offset value from the corrected actual offset, concentrates the shallow and medium stratum seismic data with the same offset value together, enlarges the difference between effective signals and interference for the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value, overcomes the problem of serious aliasing of the effective signals and the interference in the shallow and medium stratum, and can effectively attenuate linear interference in the seismic data after carrying out concentrated linear interference attenuation processing on the shallow and medium stratum seismic data with the same offset value, thereby ensuring the shallow and medium layer velocity pick-up precision and laying the foundation for high-quality offset imaging.
In the embodiment, after shallow and medium stratum seismic data at the same position of the offset value are extracted, the structural trend horizon information of the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value is picked up respectively, the shallow and medium stratum seismic data are picked up along the main geological horizon of the shallow and medium stratum during picking up, picking up along a fixed in-phase axis is not needed, and the horizon can reflect the fluctuation and variation of the stratum. And after picking, performing time shifting on the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to the offset value according to the structure trend horizon information corresponding to each offset value, and moving the seismic data to a fixed constant according to the picked shallow and medium layer structure trend horizon time shifting. As an example, the time range of the seismic data is first extended to tb 0 ，tb 0 And the seismic data after the time shift is satisfied is not truncated, and then the processing is carried out on each path of seismic data according to the following formula:
tb＝-1×(tb 1 -tb 2 ) (4)
wherein tb is the time of time shift of each seismic data, tb 1 For a fixed amount of time, tb 2 Tb for the horizon picking time corresponding to each co-depth point 1 The value of (tb) is required to be satisfied 1 + original length of seismic data)<tb 0 . And after the linear interference attenuation is carried out, respectively carrying out reverse time shifting on shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value.
In an embodiment, after shallow and medium stratum seismic data at positions with the same offset value are extracted, the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value are sorted according to sorting parameters, and structural trend horizon information is picked up from the sorted shallow and medium stratum seismic data, wherein the sorting parameters include: actual offset, line number, common depth point number or any combination thereof.
An embodiment of the invention is described below, which illustrates a specific application of the linear disturbance attenuation method for shallow and medium-earth seismic data. In this embodiment, shallow and medium stratum seismic data at each position are obtained first, the profile of the original single-shot seismic data is shown in fig. 2, and the actual offset distance at each position is determined according to the position information. After acquiring shallow middle stratum seismic data of each position, picking up first arrival information of the shallow middle stratum seismic data, performing time shifting on the shallow middle stratum seismic data of each position according to the first arrival information, and shifting the first arrival time of the shallow middle stratum seismic data to a fixed time constant, as shown in fig. 3, the seismic data is a single shot seismic data section schematic diagram after the seismic data are shifted to the fixed time constant according to the picked-up first arrival time. And then correcting the actual offset distance according to the minimum theoretical offset distance and the theoretical offset distance interval, extracting shallow and medium stratum seismic data at the position with the same offset distance value from the corrected actual offset distance, respectively picking up structure trend horizon information of the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset distance value, performing time shifting on the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to the offset distance value according to the picked-up shallow and medium stratum trend horizon information on a near offset distance section as shown by a black thick line in figure 4, and shifting the seismic data to a fixed constant according to the picked-up shallow and medium stratum trend horizon. And respectively performing linear interference attenuation on the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value, and performing reverse time shift on the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value twice. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a stacking section before linear interference attenuation, in which the shallow middle layer of the seismic record has low signal-to-noise ratio and remains a great amount of linear interference due to the fact that the shallow middle layer has strong linear interference energy and the dip angle is close to the effective reflection dip angle, and thus the shallow middle layer is difficult to be effectively removed. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a superimposed cross section after attenuation of linear interference, where the signal-to-noise ratio is improved and the effective reflection characteristics are prominent after attenuation. Fig. 7 is a data cross section of a single shot after attenuation of existing linear interference, and it can be seen more clearly that a large amount of residual linear interference is difficult to be removed effectively because the linear interference energy of the shallow middle layer part is strong and the inclination angle is close to the effective reflection inclination angle. FIG. 8 is a single shot section after denoising by the shallow-middle linear interference attenuation method of the present invention, which shows that the shallow-middle linear interference is effectively attenuated and the signal-to-noise ratio is significantly improved.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a linear interference attenuation device for shallow and medium stratum seismic data, which is described in the following embodiment. Because the principles of these solutions are similar to the linear interference attenuation method for shallow and medium stratum seismic data, the implementation of the apparatus can be referred to the implementation of the method, and repeated details are not repeated.
Fig. 9 is a structural diagram of a linear interference attenuating apparatus for shallow medium-earth seismic data according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 9, the apparatus includes:
an offset obtaining module 901, configured to obtain shallow and medium stratum seismic data at each position, and determine an actual offset at each position according to position information;
an offset correction module 902, configured to correct the actual offset according to a minimum theoretical offset and a theoretical offset interval;
and the linear interference attenuation module 903 is configured to extract shallow and medium stratum seismic data at the same offset value from the corrected actual offset, and perform linear interference attenuation on the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value respectively.
In one embodiment, the offset obtaining module 901 is further configured to: after shallow middle stratum seismic data of each position are obtained, first arrival information of the shallow middle stratum seismic data is picked up, and time shifting is carried out on the shallow middle stratum seismic data of each position according to the first arrival information;
and after the linear interference attenuation is carried out, respectively carrying out corresponding reverse time shifting on shallow middle stratum seismic data at each position.
In one embodiment, the offset correction module 902 is further configured to:
according to the actual offset distance, the minimum theoretical offset distance and the theoretical offset distance interval of each position, determining the theoretical offset distance grouping value corresponding to each position according to the following formula:
wherein, offset _ class is a theoretical offset grouping value corresponding to each position, offset _ real is an actual offset of each position, offset0 is a minimum theoretical offset, offset _ gap is a theoretical offset interval, and [. Cndot. ] is a rounding;
according to the theoretical offset grouping value and the theoretical offset interval corresponding to each position, correcting the actual offset according to the following formula:
offset＝offset_class×offset_gap (6)
wherein, offset _ class is a theoretical offset grouping value corresponding to each position, offset _ gap is a theoretical offset interval, and offset is an actual offset after correction.
In one embodiment, the linear interference attenuation module 903 is further configured to: after shallow and medium stratum seismic data at the same offset value position are extracted, the structure trend horizon information of the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value is picked up respectively, and time shifting is carried out on the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value according to the structure trend horizon information corresponding to each offset value;
and after linear interference attenuation, respectively carrying out reverse time shifting on shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value.
In one embodiment, the linear interference attenuation module 903 is further configured to: after shallow and medium stratum seismic data at the positions with the same offset value are extracted, the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value are respectively sorted according to sorting parameters, and structural trend horizon information is picked up from the sorted shallow and medium stratum seismic data, wherein the sorting parameters comprise: actual offset, line number, common depth point number or any combination thereof.
In summary, in the embodiments of the present invention, shallow and medium stratum seismic data at each position are obtained, an actual offset distance at each position is determined according to position information, the actual offset distance is corrected according to a minimum theoretical offset distance and a theoretical offset distance interval, shallow and medium stratum seismic data at positions with the same offset distance value are extracted from the corrected actual offset distance, and finally, linear interference attenuation is performed on the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset distance value. The embodiment of the invention corrects the irregular actual offset by using the minimum theoretical offset and the theoretical offset interval, extracts shallow and middle stratum seismic data at the same position of the offset value from the corrected actual offset, concentrates the shallow and middle stratum seismic data with the same offset value together, enlarges the difference between an effective signal and interference for the shallow and middle stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value, overcomes the problem of serious aliasing of the effective signal and the interference in the shallow and middle stratum, and can effectively attenuate linear interference in the seismic data after carrying out concentrated linear interference attenuation treatment on the shallow and middle stratum seismic data with the same offset value, thereby ensuring the picking precision of the shallow and middle stratum velocity and laying a foundation for high-quality offset imaging.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention has been described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for linear interference attenuation of shallow and medium-earth seismic data, comprising:
acquiring shallow and medium stratum seismic data of each position, and determining the actual offset distance of each position according to position information;
correcting the actual offset distance according to the minimum theoretical offset distance and the theoretical offset distance interval, wherein the correction comprises the following steps:
according to the actual offset distance, the minimum theoretical offset distance and the theoretical offset distance interval of each position, determining the theoretical offset distance grouping value corresponding to each position according to the following formula:
wherein, offset _ class is a theoretical offset grouping value corresponding to each position, offset _ real is an actual offset of each position, offset0 is a minimum theoretical offset, offset _ gap is a theoretical offset interval, and [. Cndot. ] is a rounding;
according to the theoretical offset grouping value and the theoretical offset interval corresponding to each position, correcting the actual offset according to the following formula:
offset＝offset_class×offset_gap
wherein, offset _ class is a theoretical offset grouping value corresponding to each position, offset _ gap is a theoretical offset interval, and offset is an actual offset after correction;
and extracting shallow and medium stratum seismic data at the positions with the same offset value from the corrected actual offset, and respectively performing linear interference attenuation on the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein after acquiring the shallow middle stratum seismic data of each position, picking up first arrival information of the shallow middle stratum seismic data, and performing time shifting on the shallow middle stratum seismic data of each position according to the first arrival information;
and after the linear interference attenuation is carried out, respectively carrying out corresponding reverse time shifting on shallow middle stratum seismic data at each position.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that after extracting the shallow and medium stratum seismic data at the same offset value position, the structure trend horizon information of the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value is picked up, and the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value is time-shifted according to the structure trend horizon information corresponding to each offset value;
and after the linear interference attenuation is carried out, respectively carrying out reverse time shifting on shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein after extracting the shallow and medium stratum seismic data at the position with the same offset value, the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value are sorted according to a sorting parameter, and the sorted shallow and medium stratum seismic data are picked up to form trend horizon information, wherein the sorting parameter comprises: actual offset, line number, common depth point number or any combination thereof.
5. A linear interference attenuation apparatus for shallow medium stratigraphic seismic data, comprising:
the offset obtaining module is used for obtaining shallow and medium stratum seismic data of each position and determining the actual offset of each position according to the position information;
an offset correction module for correcting the actual offset according to a minimum theoretical offset and a theoretical offset interval, the offset correction module further configured to:
according to the actual offset distance, the minimum theoretical offset distance and the theoretical offset distance interval of each position, determining the theoretical offset distance grouping value corresponding to each position according to the following formula:
wherein, offset _ class is a theoretical offset grouping value corresponding to each position, offset _ real is an actual offset of each position, offset0 is a minimum theoretical offset, offset _ gap is a theoretical offset interval, and [. Cndot. ] is a rounding;
and correcting the actual offset according to the theoretical offset grouping value and the theoretical offset interval corresponding to each position according to the following formula:
offset＝offset_class×offset_gap
wherein, offset _ class is a theoretical offset grouping value corresponding to each position, offset _ gap is a theoretical offset interval, and offset is an actual offset after correction;
and the linear interference attenuation module is used for extracting shallow and medium stratum seismic data at the position with the same offset value from the corrected actual offset, and respectively performing linear interference attenuation on the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the offset obtaining module is further to: after shallow middle stratum seismic data of each position are obtained, first arrival information of the shallow middle stratum seismic data is picked up, and time shifting is carried out on the shallow middle stratum seismic data of each position according to the first arrival information;
and after linear interference attenuation is carried out, respectively carrying out corresponding reverse time shifting on the shallow and medium stratum seismic data at each position.
7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the linear interference attenuation module is further to: after shallow and medium stratum seismic data at the same offset value position are extracted, the structure trend horizon information of the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value is picked up respectively, and time shifting is carried out on the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value according to the structure trend horizon information corresponding to each offset value;
and after the linear interference attenuation is carried out, respectively carrying out reverse time shifting on shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the linear interference attenuation module is further to: after shallow and medium stratum seismic data at the same position of the offset value are extracted, respectively sequencing the shallow and medium stratum seismic data corresponding to each offset value according to sequencing parameters, and picking up structure trend horizon information from the sequenced shallow and medium stratum seismic data, wherein the sequencing parameters comprise: actual offset, line number, common depth point number or any combination thereof.
9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 4 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program for executing the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
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