CN105425300A - Residual static correction method - Google Patents
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- CN105425300A CN105425300A CN201510789396.7A CN201510789396A CN105425300A CN 105425300 A CN105425300 A CN 105425300A CN 201510789396 A CN201510789396 A CN 201510789396A CN 105425300 A CN105425300 A CN 105425300A
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Abstract
An embodiment of the invention discloses a residual static correction method. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring seismic data, and dynamically correcting the seismic data; stacking the seismic data after dynamic correction to generate a stacked section, and acquiring a reflection horizon based on the stacked section; acquiring the time window of seismic traces, stacking seismic wavelets of the reflection horizon in the time window, and taking seismic traces formed after stacking as super traces; acquiring the super trace of the seismic trace corresponding to each shot point, and calculating the amount of residual static correction of each shot point based on the super trace of the shot point; and acquiring the super trace of the seismic trace corresponding to each detection point, and calculating the amount of residual static correction of each detection point based on the super trace of the detection point. By adopting the residual static correction method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the time required for residual static correction calculation can be reduced, and the anti-noise performance of residual static correction can be enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to technical field of geophysical exploration, particularly a kind of residual static corrections.
Background technology
Residual static correction is the correction done seismic data, for compensating the impact produced by elevation, weathering depth and weathering layer velocity, data school on a reference field of specifying.It is the general data disposal route eliminated near-surface influence in a kind of seismic prospecting thus improve earthquake reflected wave image quality.
Reflective wave method is a kind of conventional residual static corrections.Reflective wave method is generally the reflected wave information utilizing geological data, by criterions such as cross-correlation method or the maximum methods of energy, utilizes the method for statistics to calculate Value of residual static correction.Current reflection wave residual static corrections mainly comprises residual static corrections and the automatic residual statics method of earth's surface-consistent.Such as, in September, 2005 Lee's complete victory waits people, and " tell breathe out oil gas ", the 10th volume the 3rd is interim discloses a kind of earth's surface-consistent residual static corrections based on model trace, and in February, 2003, well Seeley was in the interim two-step approach disclosing a kind of large Value of residual static correction and solve of " geophysical prospecting for oil " the 38th volume the 1st.
Realizing in the application's process, inventor finds that in prior art, at least there are the following problems:
Earth's surface-consistent residual static corrections is affected by noise comparatively large, and noise immunity is poor, especially not fully up to expectations in the correction result in low signal-to-noise ratio area.And the computation process more complicated of automatic residual statics method, calculate consuming time longer, be not suitable for the calculating of big data quantity.Especially, higher at degree of covering, survey line is longer, automatic residual statics method generally needs the time of three to four days can obtain correcting result.
Summary of the invention
The object of the embodiment of the present application is to provide a kind of residual static corrections.The method can reduce the time needed for residual static correction calculating, can strengthen the noise robustness of residual static correction simultaneously.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, a kind of residual static corrections that the embodiment of the present application provides is achieved in that
A kind of residual static corrections, comprising:
Obtain geological data, and normal moveout correction process is carried out to described geological data;
Geological data after normal moveout correction process is superposed, generates stacked section, obtain position, reflection horizon by described stacked section;
Acquisition time window and seismic trace, superpose the seismic wavelet of described time window internally reflective layer position, and using the seismic trace that formed after superposition as super road;
Obtain the super road of seismic trace corresponding to each shot point, and calculate the Value of residual static correction of this shot point based on the super road of this shot point;
Obtain the super road of seismic trace corresponding to each geophone station, and calculate the Value of residual static correction of this geophone station based on the super road of this geophone station.
The technical scheme provided from above the embodiment of the present application, the embodiment of the present application calculates the Value of residual static correction of shot point and geophone station by super track data, while minimizing residual static correction calculates required time, the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of seismic data can be promoted, thus strengthen the noise robustness of residual static correction, make the result of calculation of residual static correction more accurate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present application or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, the accompanying drawing that the following describes is only some embodiments recorded in the application, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the embodiment of the present application residual static corrections;
Fig. 2 is the stacked section before the residual static correction of work area;
Fig. 3 is the stacked section after the correction of conventional residual static corrections is applied in work area;
Fig. 4 is the stacked section after the residual static corrections correction of the embodiment of the present application is applied in work area.
Embodiment
Technical scheme in the application is understood better in order to make those skilled in the art person, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present application, technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only some embodiments of the present application, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, all should belong to the scope of the application's protection.
The residual static corrections that the embodiment of the present application provides, as shown in Figure 1, specifically comprises the following steps:
S101: obtain geological data, and normal moveout correction process is carried out to described geological data.
Particularly, the geological data in work area can be obtained, and normal moveout correction process is carried out to described geological data.
In some embodiments, after getting the geological data in work area, balancing energy, the compensation of earth's surface-consistent amplitude of vibration, surface consistent deconvolution, filtering, pre-service such as amplitude of vibration spectrum gain analysis and velocity analysis etc. can be carried out the geological data obtained, and normal moveout correction process is carried out to pretreated geological data.
S102: superpose the geological data after normal moveout correction process, generates stacked section, obtains position, reflection horizon by described stacked section.
Described stacked section can be earthquake reflection section.Particularly, time-stratigraphic unit division can be carried out to earthquake reflection section, thus obtain position, reflection horizon.Usually, reflection wave can form amplitude of vibration layer through the reflection of subsurface formations.Because amplitude of vibration layer and subsurface formations have corresponding relation, the amplitude of vibration of the amplitude of vibration layer that therefore can be formed according to the hourage of reflection wave and this reflection wave, obtains position, reflection horizon from described stacked section.Such as, on described stacked section, can using the layer position roughly the same with amplitude of vibration for hourage as position, a reflection horizon.
In some embodiments, can manual pickup hourage is roughly the same with amplitude of vibration from stacked section layer position, thus obtain position, reflection horizon.
In other embodiments, the method that scanning can be adopted to calculate picks up the layer position roughly the same with amplitude of vibration hourage from stacked section, thus obtains position, reflection horizon.
S103: obtain the time window of seismic trace, the seismic wavelet of described time window internally reflective layer position is superposed, and using the seismic trace that formed after superposition as super road.
Particularly, formation at target locations to be calculated can be obtained, then obtain reflection wave scope hourage corresponding to this formation at target locations, and delimit time window.Usually, in time window, seismic wavelet is constant, therefore, seismic wavelet can be stacked up, thus form super road.
Super road can increase substantially the noise immunity of geological data and the high efficiency of calculating.It should be noted that, super road is generally different from overlength road.Overlength road uses usually in simulated annealing method.Particularly, by the geological data in time window through overscanning, obtain multiple strong lineups wavelet, then described strong lineups wavelet superposition can be obtained super road.All seismologic records series connection of road collection in big gun collection or in geophone station can be obtained overlength road.Seismologic record normally joins end to end the process connect by the process of seismologic record series connection.
S104: the super road obtaining seismic trace corresponding to each shot point, and the Value of residual static correction calculating this shot point based on the super road of this shot point.
Particularly, the shot point in work area can be obtained.For each shot point, can following process be carried out, to calculate the Value of residual static correction of this shot point, and then obtain the Value of residual static correction of each shot point in work area.Described process specifically comprises:
1) obtain the super road corresponding to this shot point, the super track data corresponding to this shot point is superposed, then using the super big gun data of the super track data after superposition as this shot point.
2) obtain the seismic channel set corresponding to this shot point, each seismic channel data corresponding to this shot point is superposed, then using the super model trace data of the seismic channel data after superposition as this shot point.
3) the super big gun data of this shot point and super model trace data are carried out cross-correlation, thus obtain the Value of residual static correction of this shot point.
Wherein, step 3) described in cross-correlation also referred to as " cross covariance ", be generally used for a tolerance of similarity between expression two signals.
In step 3) in, by the super big gun data of this shot point and super model trace data are carried out cross-correlation, the Value of residual static correction of this shot point directly can be obtained.And the residual static corrections of routine is generally seismic wavelet is superposed formation model road, then by the CMP road collection (CommonMiddlePoint of shot point, common midpoint gather) the set pair model trace of answering in He Gai CMP road carries out cross-correlation, obtain the time difference of per pass geological data, finally the time difference of per pass earthquake data set is decomposed, obtain the Value of residual static correction of this shot point.Therefore, compared with the residual static corrections of routine, in step 3) in, by the super big gun data of shot point and super model trace data are carried out cross-correlation, without the need to decomposing the time difference of per pass earthquake data set, thus can improve the counting yield of Value of residual static correction.
S105: the super road obtaining seismic trace corresponding to each geophone station, and the Value of residual static correction calculating this geophone station based on the super road of this geophone station.
Particularly, the geophone station in work area can be obtained.For each geophone station, can following process be carried out, to calculate the Value of residual static correction of this geophone station, and then obtain the Value of residual static correction of each geophone station in work area.Described process specifically comprises:
4) obtain the super road corresponding to this geophone station, the super track data corresponding to this geophone station is superposed, then using the super geophone station data of the super track data after superposition as this geophone station.
5) obtain the seismic channel set corresponding to this geophone station, each seismic channel data corresponding to this geophone station is superposed, then using the super model trace data of the seismic channel data after superposition as this geophone station.
6) the super geophone station data of this geophone station and super model trace data are carried out cross-correlation, thus obtain the Value of residual static correction of this geophone station.
The residual static corrections of the embodiment of the present application, the Value of residual static correction of shot point and geophone station is calculated by super track data, while minimizing residual static correction calculates required time, the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of seismic data can be promoted, thus strengthen the noise robustness of residual static correction, make the result of calculation of residual static correction more accurate.
Further, the residual static corrections of the embodiment of the present application, combine the advantage of earth's surface-consistent residual static corrections and automatic residual statics method, thus make this residual static corrections have the high PSRR of automatic residual statics and the high efficiency of earth's surface-consistent residual static correction.
Fig. 2 is the stacked section before the residual static correction of work area, and Fig. 3 is the stacked section in this work area after the conventional residual static corrections correction of application, and Fig. 4 is the stacked section after the residual static corrections of application the embodiment of the present application in this work area corrects.Can be found by the contrast of Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the residual static corrections of the embodiment of the present application has better calibration result.
Although depict the application by embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art know, the application has many distortion and change and do not depart from the spirit of the application, and the claim appended by wishing comprises these distortion and change and do not depart from the spirit of the application.
Claims (6)
1. a residual static corrections, is characterized in that, comprising:
Obtain geological data, and normal moveout correction process is carried out to described geological data;
Geological data after normal moveout correction process is superposed, generates stacked section, obtain position, reflection horizon by described stacked section;
Obtain the time window of seismic trace, the seismic wavelet of described time window internally reflective layer position is superposed, and using the seismic trace that formed after superposition as super road;
Obtain the super road of seismic trace corresponding to each shot point, and calculate the Value of residual static correction of this shot point based on the super road of this shot point;
Obtain the super road of seismic trace corresponding to each geophone station, and calculate the Value of residual static correction of this geophone station based on the super road of this geophone station.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the super road of seismic trace corresponding to each shot point of described acquisition, and calculates the Value of residual static correction of this shot point based on the super road of this shot point, specifically comprises:
Obtain the super road corresponding to each shot point, the super track data corresponding to this shot point is superposed, and using the super big gun data of the super track data after superposition as this shot point; And,
Obtain the seismic channel set corresponding to this shot point, each seismic channel data corresponding to this shot point is superposed, and using the super model trace data of the seismic channel data after superposition as this shot point; And,
The super big gun data of this shot point and super model trace data are carried out cross-correlation, obtains the Value of residual static correction of this shot point.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the super road of seismic trace corresponding to each geophone station of described acquisition, and calculates the Value of residual static correction of this geophone station based on the super road of this geophone station, specifically comprises:
Obtain the super road corresponding to each geophone station, the super track data corresponding to this geophone station is superposed, and using the super geophone station data of the super track data after superposition as this geophone station; And,
Obtain the seismic channel set corresponding to this geophone station, each seismic channel data corresponding to this geophone station is superposed, and using the super model trace data of the seismic channel data after superposition as this geophone station; And,
The super big gun data of this geophone station and super model trace data are carried out cross-correlation, obtains the Value of residual static correction of this geophone station.
4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described acquisition time window, specifically comprises:
Obtain formation at target locations to be calculated, and scope hourage of reflection wave corresponding to this formation at target locations, on described stacked section, delimit time window according to this of scope hourage.
5. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described by described stacked section acquisition position, reflection horizon, specifically comprises:
According to the amplitude of vibration of the amplitude of vibration layer that hourage and this reflection wave of reflection wave are formed, obtain position, reflection horizon from described stacked section.
6. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, after acquisition geological data, described method also comprises:
Carry out pre-service to described geological data, described pre-service comprises balancing energy process, the compensation deals of earth's surface-consistent amplitude of vibration, surface consistent deconvolution process, filtering process, amplitude of vibration spectrum gain analysis and velocity analysis;
Correspondingly, described normal moveout correction process is carried out to described geological data, specifically comprises:
Normal moveout correction process is carried out to pretreated geological data.
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