CN105425300B - A kind of residual static corrections - Google Patents
A kind of residual static corrections Download PDFInfo
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- CN105425300B CN105425300B CN201510789396.7A CN201510789396A CN105425300B CN 105425300 B CN105425300 B CN 105425300B CN 201510789396 A CN201510789396 A CN 201510789396A CN 105425300 B CN105425300 B CN 105425300B
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Abstract
The embodiment of the present application discloses a kind of residual static corrections.Methods described includes：Geological data is obtained, and correction process of taking action is entered to the geological data；Geological data after dynamic correction process is overlapped, generates stacked section, passes through the stacked section and obtains reflecting layer position；The time window of seismic channel is obtained, the seismic wavelet of the time window internally reflective layer position is overlapped, and using the seismic channel formed after superposition as super road；The super road of seismic channel corresponding to each shot point is obtained, and the super road based on the shot point calculates the Value of residual static correction of the shot point；The super road of seismic channel corresponding to each geophone station is obtained, and the super road based on the geophone station calculates the Value of residual static correction of the geophone station.The residual static corrections of the embodiment of the present application can reduce residual static correction and calculate the required time, while can strengthen the noise robustness of residual static correction.
Description
Technical field
The application is related to technical field of geophysical exploration, more particularly to a kind of residual static corrections.
Background technology
Residual static correction is the correction made to seismic data, for compensating by elevation, weathering depth and weathered layer
Influenceed caused by speed, on data school a to reference plane specified.It is to eliminate near-surface influence in a kind of seismic prospecting
So as to improve the key data processing method of earthquake reflected wave image quality.
Reflective wave method is a kind of conventional residual static corrections.Reflective wave method is usually the back wave using geological data
Information, by the criterion such as cross-correlation method or energy maximum method, Value of residual static correction is calculated using the method for statistics.Current
Back wave residual static corrections mainly include the residual static corrections and automatic residual statics method of earth's surface-consistent.Example
Such as, " tell breathe out oil gas " volume 10 the 3rd, interim to disclose a kind of earth's surface based on model trace consistent for Lee's complete victory of in September, 2005 et al.
Property residual static corrections, 2 months 2003 well Seeleys " geophysical prospecting for oil " volume 38 the 1st it is interim disclose it is a kind of big
The two-step method that Value of residual static correction solves.
During the application is realized, inventor has found that at least there are the following problems in the prior art：
Earth's surface-consistent residual static corrections are affected by noise larger, and noise immunity is poor, especially in low signal-to-noise ratio
The correction result in area is not fully up to expectations.And the calculating process of automatic residual statics method is more complicated, calculating is time-consuming longer, no
Suitable for the calculating of big data quantity.Especially in the case where degree of covering is higher, survey line is longer, automatic residual statics method
Correction result can just be accessed by generally requiring the time of three to four days.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the embodiment of the present application is to provide a kind of residual static corrections.This method can reduce residual static correction meter
Time needed for calculating, while the noise robustness of residual static correction can be strengthened.
In order to solve the above technical problems, what a kind of residual static corrections that the embodiment of the present application provides were realized in：
A kind of residual static corrections, including：
Geological data is obtained, and correction process of taking action is entered to the geological data；
Geological data after dynamic correction process is overlapped, generates stacked section, is obtained by the stacked section anti-
Penetrate layer position；
Time window and seismic channel are obtained, the seismic wavelet of the time window internally reflective layer position is overlapped, and will be folded
The seismic channel formed after adding is as super road；
The super road of seismic channel corresponding to each shot point is obtained, and the super road based on the shot point calculates the residue of the shot point
Static correction value；
The super road of seismic channel corresponding to each geophone station is obtained, and the super road based on the geophone station calculates the geophone station
Value of residual static correction.
The technical scheme provided from above the embodiment of the present application, the embodiment of the present application calculate big gun by super track data
Point and geophone station Value of residual static correction, reduce residual static correction calculate the time required to while, seismic data can be lifted
Signal to noise ratio, so as to strengthen the noise robustness of residual static correction, make the result of calculation of residual static correction more accurate.
Brief description of the drawings
, below will be to embodiment or existing in order to illustrate more clearly of the embodiment of the present application or technical scheme of the prior art
There is the required accompanying drawing used in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments described in application, for those of ordinary skill in the art, do not paying the premise of creative labor
Under, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the embodiment of the present application residual static corrections；
Fig. 2 is the stacked section before the residual static correction of work area；
Fig. 3 is work area using the stacked section after the correction of conventional residual static corrections；
Fig. 4 is work area using the stacked section after the residual static corrections correction of the embodiment of the present application.
Embodiment
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understand the technical scheme in the application, it is real below in conjunction with the application
The accompanying drawing in example is applied, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described implementation
Example only some embodiments of the present application, rather than whole embodiments.It is common based on the embodiment in the application, this area
The every other embodiment that technical staff is obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, it should all belong to the application protection
Scope.
The residual static corrections that the embodiment of the present application provides, as shown in figure 1, specifically including following steps：
S101：Geological data is obtained, and correction process of taking action is entered to the geological data.
Specifically, the geological data in work area can be obtained, and correction process of taking action is entered to the geological data.
In some embodiments, after the geological data in work area is got, the geological data of acquisition can be carried out
Balancing energy, the compensation of earth's surface-consistent amplitude of vibration, surface consistent deconvolution, filtering, amplitude of vibration spectrum gain analysis and velocity analysis etc.
Pretreatment, and correction process of taking action is entered to pretreated geological data.
S102：Geological data after dynamic correction process is overlapped, stacked section is generated, is obtained by the stacked section
Take reflecting layer position.
The stacked section can be earthquake reflection section.Specifically, m- stratum when can be carried out to earthquake reflection section
Dividing elements, so as to obtain reflecting layer position.Usually, back wave can form amplitude of vibration layer by the reflection of subsurface formations.Due to
Amplitude of vibration layer has corresponding relation, therefore the shake that can be formed according to the hourage and the back wave of back wave with subsurface formations
The amplitude of vibration of width layer, reflecting layer position is obtained from the stacked section.For example, on the stacked section, can be by hourage
The layer position roughly the same with amplitude of vibration is as reflecting layer position.
In some embodiments, hourage and the roughly the same layer of amplitude of vibration can be picked up by hand from stacked section
Position, so as to obtain reflecting layer position.
In other embodiments, the method that scanning can be used to calculate picks up hourage and shake from stacked section
Roughly the same layer position, so as to obtain reflecting layer position.
S103：The time window of seismic channel is obtained, the seismic wavelet of the time window internally reflective layer position is overlapped, and will
The seismic channel formed after superposition is as super road.
Specifically, formation at target locations to be calculated can be obtained, then obtains the back wave travelling corresponding to the formation at target locations
Time range, and delimit time window.Usually, seismic wavelet is constant in time window, therefore, seismic wavelet can be superimposed
Get up, so as to form super road.
The high efficiency that super road can increase substantially the noise immunity of geological data and calculate.It is it should be noted that super
Road is generally different from overlength road.Overlength road generally uses in simulated annealing method.Specifically, by the geological data in time window
It is scanned through, obtains multiple strong lineups wavelets, the strong lineups wavelet superposition then can be obtained into super road.By big gun collection
All earthquake records series connection of trace gather can obtain overlength road in interior or geophone station.The process of earthquake record series connection is typically will
Earthquake record joins end to end the process connect.
S104：The super road of seismic channel corresponding to each shot point is obtained, and the super road based on the shot point calculates the shot point
Value of residual static correction.
Specifically, the shot point in work area can be obtained.For each shot point, following processing can be carried out, is somebody's turn to do with calculating
The Value of residual static correction of shot point, and then obtain the Value of residual static correction of each shot point in work area.The processing specifically includes：
1) the super road corresponding to the shot point is obtained, the super track data corresponding to the shot point is overlapped, then will
Super big gun data of the super track data as the shot point after superposition.
2) seismic channel set corresponding to the shot point is obtained, each seismic channel data corresponding to the shot point is overlapped,
Then the super model track data using the seismic channel data after superposition as the shot point.
3) the super big gun data of the shot point and super model track data are subjected to cross-correlation, so as to obtain the residue of the shot point
Static correction value.
Wherein, the cross-correlation described in step 3) is also referred to as " cross covariance ", is generally used to phase between two signals of expression
Like a measurement of property.
In step 3), by the way that the super big gun data of the shot point and super model track data are carried out into cross-correlation, Ke Yizhi
Connect to obtain the Value of residual static correction of the shot point.And conventional residual static corrections are usually to be superimposed seismic wavelet to form model
Road, then by model corresponding to the CMP trace gathers (Common Middle Point, common midpoint gather) of shot point and the CMP trace gathers
Road carries out cross-correlation, obtains the time difference of per pass geological data, finally the time difference of per pass earthquake data set is decomposed, is somebody's turn to do
The Value of residual static correction of shot point.Therefore, compared with the residual static corrections of routine, in step 3), surpassing shot point is passed through
Level big gun data and super model track data carry out cross-correlation, and the time difference of per pass earthquake data set need not can be decomposed, from
And the computational efficiency of Value of residual static correction can be improved.
S105：The super road of seismic channel corresponding to each geophone station is obtained, and the super road based on the geophone station is calculated and is somebody's turn to do
The Value of residual static correction of geophone station.
Specifically, the geophone station in work area can be obtained.For each geophone station, following processing can be carried out, in terms of
The Value of residual static correction of the geophone station is calculated, and then obtains the Value of residual static correction of each geophone station in work area.The processing is specific
Including：
4) the super road corresponding to the geophone station is obtained, the super track data corresponding to the geophone station is overlapped, so
Super detection point data using the super track data after superposition as the geophone station afterwards.
5) seismic channel set corresponding to the geophone station is obtained, each seismic channel data corresponding to the geophone station is folded
Add, then the super model track data using the seismic channel data after superposition as the geophone station.
6) the super detection point data of the geophone station and super model track data are subjected to cross-correlation, so as to obtain the detection
The Value of residual static correction of point.
The residual static corrections of the embodiment of the present application, the remaining quiet school of shot point and geophone station is calculated by super track data
Positive quantity, while the time required to reducing residual static correction and calculating, the signal to noise ratio of seismic data can be lifted, so as to strengthen residue
The noise robustness of static correction, make the result of calculation of residual static correction more accurate.
Further, the residual static corrections of the embodiment of the present application, earth's surface-consistent residual static corrections are combined
The advantages of with automatic residual statics method, so that the residual static corrections have the high anti-noise of automatic residual statics
Property and the high efficiency of earth's surface-consistent residual static correction.
Fig. 2 is the stacked section before the residual static correction of work area, and Fig. 3 is that conventional residual static corrections school is applied in the work area
Stacked section after just, Fig. 4 are the stacked section after the residual static corrections correction of application the embodiment of the present application in the work area.
By Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 contrast it can be found that there is the residual static corrections of the embodiment of the present application preferably correction to imitate
Fruit.
Although depicting the application by embodiment, it will be appreciated by the skilled addressee that the application have it is many deformation and
Change is without departing from spirit herein, it is desirable to which appended claim includes these deformations and changed without departing from the application's
Spirit.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. residual static corrections, it is characterised in that including：Geological data is obtained, and correction process of taking action is entered to the geological data；Geological data after dynamic correction process is overlapped, generates stacked section, passes through the stacked section and obtains reflecting layer Position；Obtain seismic channel time window, the seismic wavelet of the time window internally reflective layer position is overlapped, and will superposition after shape Into seismic channel as super road；The super road of seismic channel corresponding to each shot point is obtained, and the super road based on the shot point calculates the remaining quiet school of the shot point Positive quantity；The super road of seismic channel corresponding to each geophone station is obtained, and the super road based on the geophone station calculates the surplus of the geophone station Remaining static correction value.
- 2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the super road for obtaining seismic channel corresponding to each shot point, And the super road based on the shot point calculates the Value of residual static correction of the shot point, specifically includes：The super road corresponding to each shot point is obtained, the super track data corresponding to the shot point is overlapped, and by after superposition Super big gun data of the super track data as the shot point；AndThe seismic channel set corresponding to the shot point is obtained, each seismic channel data corresponding to the shot point is overlapped, and will be folded Super model track data of the seismic channel data as the shot point after adding；AndThe super big gun data of the shot point and super model track data are subjected to cross-correlation, obtain the Value of residual static correction of the shot point.
- 3. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described to obtain the super of seismic channel corresponding to each geophone station Road, and the super road based on the geophone station calculates the Value of residual static correction of the geophone station, specifically includes：The super road corresponding to each geophone station is obtained, the super track data corresponding to the geophone station is overlapped, and will be folded Super detection point data of the super track data as the geophone station after adding；AndThe seismic channel set corresponding to the geophone station is obtained, each seismic channel data corresponding to the geophone station is overlapped, and Super model track data using the seismic channel data after superposition as the geophone station；AndThe super big gun data of the geophone station and super model track data are subjected to cross-correlation, obtain the residual static correction of the geophone station Amount.
- 4. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the time window for obtaining seismic channel, specifically include：Formation at target locations to be calculated, and the hourage scope of the back wave corresponding to the formation at target locations are obtained, according to the trip Row time range delimit time window on the stacked section.
- 5. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that it is described that reflecting layer position is obtained by the stacked section, specifically Including：The amplitude of vibration of the amplitude of vibration layer formed according to the hourage of back wave and the back wave, obtained from the stacked section anti- Penetrate layer position.
- 6. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that after geological data is obtained, methods described also includes：The geological data is pre-processed, the pretreatment includes balancing energy and handled, at earth's surface-consistent amplitude of vibration compensation Reason, surface consistent deconvolution processing, filtering process, amplitude of vibration spectrum gain analysis and velocity analysis；Correspondingly, it is described that correction process of taking action is entered to the geological data, specifically include：Correction process of taking action is entered to pretreated geological data.
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| CN107229072B (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2019-10-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Residual static corrections and system |
| CN107179548B (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2019-03-29 | 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司 | A kind of pre-stack seismic imaging method based on true earth's surface |
| CN109471173B (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2021-04-30 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Residual static correction method and device |
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