CN106443787A - Prestack seismic gather noise suppression method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a prestack seismic gather noise suppression method and device. The method comprises the steps of carrying out the derivative synchrosqueezing wavelet transforms (DSST) on the recordings of a prestack seismic gather to generate a DSST time-frequency spectrum of the prestack seismic gather; according to the DSST time-frequency spectrum, estimating a vector parallel with an effective signal in the prestack seismic gather; according to the prestack seismic gather, setting a noise suppression parameter; according to the DSST time-frequency spectrum, the vector and the noise suppression parameter, carrying out the noise suppression processing on the prestack seismic gather to generate a DSST time-frequency spectrum after the noise suppression; according to the DSST time-frequency spectrum after the noise suppression, reconstructing to obtain the prestack seismic gather after the noise suppression. The DSST time-frequency spectrum generated by the method and device of the present invention has the higher time frequency resolution, and the noise suppression parameter and the vector parallel with the effective signal enable the noise suppression parameter to be adjusted adaptively and the effective signal to be protected, thereby having a better signal-noise separation effect.

Description

Pre-stack seismic road collection pressure method for de-noising and its device

Technical field

The present invention relates to oil-gas seismic exploration field, more particularly, to a kind of pre-stack seismic road collection pressure method for de-noising and its device.

Background technology

In petroleum exploration domain, the " three high " (high-resolution, high s/n ratio, high fidelity) of geological data is processed The always difficult point in research and production and focus, are especially increasingly turned to hidden-type complex hydrocarbon in seismic prospecting target In the case of Tibetan, reservoir description and production seismics are put forward higher requirement to the process quality of geological data.Wherein, The signal noise ratio level of geological data governs the raising of resolution to a great extent, because widening of radio-frequency component is adjoint The reduction of data entirety signal to noise ratio, without rational Noise Elimination means, then the number after High-resolution Processing According to often because signal to noise ratio is too low can not be actual production provide effective information.Therefore, the research of Noise Elimination technology There are important significance of scientific research and practical value in seismic data process.

Existing denoising method has many kinds at present, has different applicable elements for different types of noise, most of The basic thought of method is to be decomposed noisy record by mathematic(al) manipulation, and signal and noise have in the transform domain as illustrated Preferably separating degree, can suppress noise based on certain feature, then obtain pressing the record after making an uproar by mathematical inverse transform. Because usual earthquake record has non-stationary property, time-frequency conversion as analysis and can process the strong of non-stationary signal Instrument, therefore, time-frequency domain carry out SNR estimation and compensation become geological data pressure make an uproar process in a conventional class method.For example, Realize the compression process of random noise or face ripple in wavelet transformed domain or warp wavelet domain using threshold function table.

But, the earthquake record to non-stationary signal, common time-frequency conversion method treatment effect is not good enough.Due to SST (Synchrosqueezing Wavelet Transforms, synchronous compression converts) has good theory support and mathematics Property, therefore it is more and more applied in nonstationary random response analysis field, wherein, frequency division when preferable Resolution, the robustness to noise and reconfigurability make to filter noise in SST time-frequency domain and are possibly realized.SST is real On border be a kind of similar to EMD (Empirical Mode Decomposition, empirical mode decomposition) based on little The Time-Frequency Analysis Method of wave conversion, main thought is that the fuzzy wavelet coefficient that dissipates obtaining wavelet transformation gathers again Jiao is so that time-frequency spectrum has higher frequency resolution.

However, the process to the oil-gas reservoir geological data becoming increasingly complex and explanation, the quality of geological data is proposed Higher requirement.

Content of the invention

The present invention provides a kind of pre-stack seismic road collection pressure method for de-noising and its device, to solve one or more in prior art Disappearance.

The present invention provides a kind of pre-stack seismic road collection to press method for de-noising, and methods described includes：Step 1：To pre-stack seismic road Each trace record of collection carries out Derivative Type synchronous compression conversion DSST, generates the DSST time-frequency of described pre-stack seismic road collection Spectrum；Step 2：The arrow parallel with useful signal that pre-stack seismic road according to described DSST time-frequency spectrum estimation is concentrated Amount；Step 3：Set one according to described pre-stack seismic road collection and press parameter of making an uproar；Step 4：According to described DSST time-frequency Spectrum, described vector and described pressure parameter of making an uproar carries out pressure and makes an uproar processs to described pre-stack seismic road collection, generates the DSST pressing after making an uproar Time-frequency spectrum；Step 5：DSST time-frequency spectrum reconstruct after being made an uproar according to described pressure obtains pressing the pre-stack seismic road collection after making an uproar.

In one embodiment, set one according to described pre-stack seismic road collection and press parameter of making an uproar, including：To described pre-stack seismic Road collection carries out attributional analysis, and estimation obtains the signal to noise ratio of described pre-stack seismic road collection；According to described signal-to-noise ratio computation Press parameter of making an uproar.

In one embodiment, after step 5, methods described includes：According to described pre-stack seismic road collection and described pressure The mathematic interpolation pressure of the pre-stack seismic road collection after making an uproar make an uproar before and after pre-stack seismic road collection residual error data；According to described residual error Pre-stack seismic road collection after data is made an uproar to described pressure carries out protecting width analysis, if described useful signal has damage, weighs Multiple execution step 3 is to step 5.

In one embodiment, the pre-stack seismic road collection after described pressure being made an uproar according to described residual error data carries out guarantor's width and divides Analysis, including：Information on surge well, the pre-stack seismic road collection after described pressure being made an uproar according to described residual error data carries out protecting width Property analysis.

In one embodiment, described DSST time-frequency spectrum is plural number；Methods described includes：By described DSST time-frequency spectrum Real part and imaginary part respectively execution step 2, to step 4, obtains the real part of DSST time-frequency spectrum after described pressure is made an uproar and void Portion；The real part of DSST time-frequency spectrum after making an uproar in conjunction with described pressure and imaginary part generate the DSST time-frequency spectrum after described pressure is made an uproar.

In one embodiment, the expression formula of described DSST time-frequency spectrum is：

Wherein, ω_lIt is l-th discrete angular frequency, Δ ω is the discrete interval of discrete angular frequency, W_s(a_k, b) it is prestack The wavelet coefficient of seismic channel set signal, a_kIt is k-th discrete yardstick, b is the time, ω_s(a_k, b) it is pre-stack seismic road The angular frequency of collection signal, (Δ a)_k=a_k+1-a_k, P=-2, k=1,2 ..., N, N are discrete sequence numbers.

In one embodiment, the expression formula of described vector is：

Wherein,It is the instantaneous spectrum of the same time not pre-stack seismic road collection of people having a common goal,N=1,2 ..., N₁, N₁It is total road number of pre-stack seismic road collection, t_jRepresent j-th Time sampling, j=1,2 ..., N₂, N₂For time sampling point sum, f_mRepresent m-th frequency sampling, M=1,2 ..., N₃, N₃For stepped-frequency signal sum.

In one embodiment, the make an uproar expression formula of parameter of described pressure is：

Wherein, parameter lambda₁(n,t_j) for suppressing the noise of pre-stack seismic road concentration, parameter lambda₁(n,t_j) span be [λ_D,λ_U], parameter lambda₂(n,t_j) for the useful signal protecting pre-stack seismic road to concentrate, λ_DAnd λ_UIt is setup parameter, SNR(n,t_j) be described pre-stack seismic road collection signal to noise ratio,It is all signal to noise ratio snr (n, t_j) in Maximum, n=1,2 ..., N₁, N₁It is total road number of pre-stack seismic road collection, t_jRepresent j-th time sampling, J=1,2 ..., N₂, N₂For time sampling point sum, α₀It is to set coefficient,

In one embodiment, the expression formula of DSST time-frequency spectrum after described pressure is made an uproar is：

Wherein,It is the instantaneous spectrum of the same time not pre-stack seismic road collection of people having a common goal,It is described vector, λ (n, j) It is that described pressure is made an uproar parameter, n=1,2 ..., N₁, N₁It is total road number of pre-stack seismic road collection, t_jRepresent that j-th time adopts Sample, j=1,2 ..., N₂, N₂For time sampling point sum, f_mRepresent m-th frequency sampling, m=1,2 ..., N₃, N₃It is total for stepped-frequency signal,It is the DSST time-frequency spectrum after described pressure is made an uproar.

In one embodiment, the expression formula of pre-stack seismic road collection after described pressure is made an uproar is：

Wherein, s (0) is integral constant, and Δ ω is the discrete interval of discrete angular frequency,It is constant coefficientInverse,It is the conjugate function of the Fourier spectrum of morther wavelet ψ, b and t is the time, T ＞ 0.

The present invention also provides a kind of pre-stack seismic road collection pressure to make an uproar device, and described device includes：DSST time-frequency spectrum generates single Unit, for each trace record of pre-stack seismic road collection is carried out with Derivative Type synchronous compression conversion DSST, generates described prestack The DSST time-frequency spectrum of seismic channel set；Vector generation unit, for prestack according to described DSST time-frequency spectrum estimation The vector parallel with useful signal in seismic channel set；Press parameter setting unit of making an uproar, for according to described pre-stack seismic road Collection sets one and presses parameter of making an uproar；Press DSST time-frequency spectrum signal generating unit after making an uproar, for according to described DSST time-frequency spectrum, institute State vector and described pressure parameter of making an uproar carries out pressure and makes an uproar process to described pre-stack seismic road collection, generate the DSST time-frequency after pressure is made an uproar Spectrum；Pre-stack seismic road collection reconfiguration unit, after obtaining pressing and make an uproar for the DSST time-frequency spectrum reconstruct after being made an uproar according to described pressure Pre-stack seismic road collection.

In one embodiment, described pressure is made an uproar parameter setting unit, including：Signal to noise ratio generation module, for described folded Front seismic channel set carries out attributional analysis, and estimation obtains the signal to noise ratio of described pre-stack seismic road collection；Press parameter generation module of making an uproar, For pressing parameter of making an uproar according to described signal-to-noise ratio computation.

In one embodiment, described device includes：Residual error data signal generating unit, for according to described pre-stack seismic road collection The mathematic interpolation pressure of the pre-stack seismic road collection after making an uproar with described pressure make an uproar before and after pre-stack seismic road collection residual error data；Again Press control unit of making an uproar, carry out guarantor's width for the pre-stack seismic road collection after described pressure being made an uproar according to described residual error data and divide Analysis, if described useful signal has damage, repeat to make described pressure make an uproar parameter setting unit, described pressure make an uproar after DSST Time-frequency spectrum signal generating unit and the running of described pre-stack seismic road collection reconfiguration unit.

In one embodiment, described pressure again is made an uproar control unit, including：Protect width analysis module, for according to a well Pre-stack seismic road collection after upper information is made an uproar to described pressure carries out protecting width analysis.

In one embodiment, described device includes：Time-frequency spectrum real part and imaginary part split cells, for by DSST time-frequency After the real part of spectrum and imaginary part make an uproar parameter setting unit by described vector generation unit, described pressure respectively and described pressure is made an uproar DSST time-frequency spectrum signal generating unit is processed, and obtains the real part of DSST time-frequency spectrum after described pressure is made an uproar and imaginary part；When Frequency spectrum real part and imaginary part assembled unit, the real part for the DSST time-frequency spectrum after making an uproar with reference to described pressure and imaginary part generate institute State the DSST time-frequency spectrum after pressure is made an uproar.

The pre-stack seismic road collection pressure method for de-noising of the embodiment of the present invention and its device, based on the conversion of Derivative Type synchronous compression DSST makes an uproar process realizing pre-stack seismic road collection pressure, has higher than the time-frequency spectrum of conventional synchronous compressed transform SST Time frequency resolution, time-frequency energy group more focuses on, and is conducive to SNR estimation and compensation；Using the vector pressure parallel with useful signal Make an uproar parameter, vector space projects, and is separated useful signal with random noise, and arrange in DSST time-frequency spectrum Multiple adjustable parameters realize noise adaptive compacting and useful signal protection respectively.Process for latter earthquake data is conciliate Releasing particularly lithological inversion provides high-quality data.

Brief description

In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing Have technology description in required use accompanying drawing be briefly described it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only It is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, in the premise not paying creative work Under, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.In the accompanying drawings：

Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the pre-stack seismic road collection pressure method for de-noising of the embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet setting the method pressing parameter of making an uproar in one embodiment of the invention；

Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet of the pre-stack seismic road collection pressure method for de-noising of one embodiment of the invention；

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the original pre-stack seismic road collection signal of one embodiment of the invention；

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the SST spectrum of signal shown in Fig. 4；

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the DSST spectrum of signal shown in Fig. 4；

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the pre-stack seismic road collection signal after the spectrum reconstruct of DSST shown in Fig. 6；

Fig. 8 is that original pre-stack seismic signal shown in Fig. 4 is missed with the relative of pre-stack seismic road collection signal after reconstruct Fig. 7 Suo Shi The schematic diagram of difference percentage ratio；

Fig. 9 is that the nothing of another embodiment of the present invention is made an uproar the schematic diagram of pre-stack seismic road collection signal；

Figure 10 be the signal of pre-stack seismic road collection shown in Fig. 9 noisy after schematic diagram；

Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of the signal to noise ratio of noisy pre-stack seismic road collection shown in Figure 10；

Figure 12 is earthquake after the pressure method for de-noising pressure of the embodiment of the present invention is made an uproar for the noisy seismic channel set signal shown in Figure 10 The schematic diagram of road collection signal；

Figure 13 is that noisy seismic channel set signal shown in Figure 10 is believed through the noise that method for de-noising filters of pressing of the embodiment of the present invention Number schematic diagram；

Figure 14 to Figure 16 be respectively no make an uproar in Fig. 9 pre-stack seismic road collection the 3rd, 9, the DSST time-frequency of the signal in 15 roads Spectrum schematic diagram；

Figure 17 to Figure 19 be respectively noisy pre-stack seismic road collection the 3rd in Figure 10,9, the DSST of the signal in 15 roads when Spectrum diagram；

Figure 20 is the useful signal time-frequency spectrum trend schematic diagram being generated according to pre-stack seismic road collection noisy in Figure 10；

Figure 21 to Figure 23 is that the DSST time-frequency spectrum shown in Figure 17 to Figure 19 is made an uproar through the pressure of the embodiment of the present invention respectively Method pressure make an uproar after DSST time-frequency spectrum；

The schematic diagram of the original pre-stack seismic road collection in Figure 24 one embodiment of the invention；

Figure 25 is that the original pre-stack seismic road collection shown in Figure 24 is folded after the pressure method for de-noising pressure of the embodiment of the present invention is made an uproar The schematic diagram of front seismic channel set；

Figure 26 is the original pre-stack seismic road collection shown in Figure 24 through the noise that filters of pressure method for de-noising of the embodiment of the present invention The schematic diagram of road collection；

Figure 27 and Figure 28 is the schematic diagram of the signal to noise ratio of pre-stack seismic road collection shown in Figure 24 and Figure 25 respectively；

Figure 29 and Figure 30 is the schematic diagram of the target zone amplitude of the pre-stack seismic road collection shown in Figure 24 and Figure 25 respectively；

Figure 31 is that the pre-stack seismic road collection pressure of the embodiment of the present invention is made an uproar the structural representation of device；

Figure 32 is the structural representation pressing parameter setting unit of making an uproar in one embodiment of the invention；

Figure 33 is that the pre-stack seismic road collection pressure of one embodiment of the invention is made an uproar the structural representation of device；

Figure 34 is that the pre-stack seismic road collection pressure of one embodiment of the invention is made an uproar the structural representation of device.

Specific embodiment

Purpose, technical scheme and advantage for making the embodiment of the present invention become more apparent, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to this Bright embodiment is described in further details.Here, the schematic description and description of the present invention is used for explaining the present invention, But it is not as a limitation of the invention.

Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the pre-stack seismic road collection pressure method for de-noising of the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in figure 1, this The pre-stack seismic road collection pressure method for de-noising of bright embodiment, including step：

S101：Derivative Type synchronous compression conversion DSST (Derivative is carried out to each trace record of pre-stack seismic road collection Synchrosqueezing Wavelet Transforms, Derivative Type synchronous compression converts), generate described pre-stack seismic road The DSST time-frequency spectrum of collection；

S102：The arrow parallel with useful signal that pre-stack seismic road according to described DSST time-frequency spectrum estimation is concentrated Amount；

S103：Set one according to described pre-stack seismic road collection and press parameter of making an uproar；

S104：According to described DSST time-frequency spectrum, described vector and described pressure parameter of making an uproar, described pre-stack seismic road collection is entered Row pressure is made an uproar process, generates the DSST time-frequency spectrum after pressure is made an uproar；

S105：DSST time-frequency spectrum reconstruct after being made an uproar according to described pressure obtains pressing the pre-stack seismic road collection after making an uproar.

The pre-stack seismic road collection pressure method for de-noising of the embodiment of the present invention, during vector space projection pressure is made an uproar, is made an uproar by pressure Parameter suppresses noise, by the vector shift useful signal parallel with useful signal, presses make an uproar parameter and useful signal protection Parameter combines so that the selection of each parameter has clear and definite purpose and physical significance, more conducively suppresses noise and has protected Effect signal.

Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet setting the method pressing parameter of making an uproar in one embodiment of the invention.As shown in Fig. 2 Fig. 1 Shown pre-stack seismic road collection is pressed in step S103 of method for de-noising, sets one according to described pre-stack seismic road collection and presses ginseng of making an uproar The method of number, it may include step：

S201：Described pre-stack seismic road collection is carried out with attributional analysis, estimation obtains the signal to noise ratio of described pre-stack seismic road collection；

S202：Parameter of making an uproar is pressed according to described signal-to-noise ratio computation.

In the embodiment of the present invention, parameter is made an uproar so as to the Noise Elimination of pre-stack seismic road collection more according to signal-to-noise ratio settings pressure Tool specific aim, can have and preferably press effect of making an uproar.

In one embodiment it is assumed that in above-mentioned steps S201 pre-stack seismic road collection be designated as a (t, x), wherein, t be the time Sampling, x=1,2 ..., X are Taoist monastic name.Pre-stack seismic road collection a (t, x) is by useful signal ingredient s (t, x) and noise element n (t, x) Composition, its energy is respectively E_s(t, x) and E_n(t, x), signal to noise ratio is defined as follows：

Useful signal ingredient s (t, x) in formula (1) can be estimated in the following way：

Wherein, m, n are positive integer.

Noise element n (t, x) in formula (1) is represented by：

N (t, x)=a (t, x)-s (t, x). (3)

Above-mentioned formula (2) and formula (3) are substituted into formula (1), you can estimation obtains the noise of pre-stack seismic road collection Wherein, each of pre-stack seismic road collection sampled point all can estimate the value of a signal to noise ratio to ratio.

Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet of the pre-stack seismic road collection pressure method for de-noising of one embodiment of the invention.As shown in figure 3, After pre-stack seismic road collection shown in Fig. 1 presses step S105 of method for de-noising, may also include step：

S106：Before and after the mathematic interpolation pressure of the pre-stack seismic road collection after being made an uproar according to described pre-stack seismic road collection and described pressure is made an uproar Pre-stack seismic road collection residual error data；

S107：Pre-stack seismic road collection after described pressure being made an uproar according to described residual error data carries out protecting width analysis, if institute Stating useful signal has damage, then repeated execution of steps S103 is to step S105.

In above-mentioned steps S107, when residual error data exceeds a certain scope, then explanation useful signal has damage.

In the embodiment of the present invention, carry out protecting width analysis by the pre-stack seismic road collection after pressure is made an uproar, can be according to prestack ground The adaptive pressure that adjusts of the actual signal noise ratio level of shake road collection data is made an uproar parameter, improves pressure with this and makes an uproar effect protecting effectively Signal.

In one embodiment, the pre-stack seismic road collection shown in Fig. 3 is pressed in step S107 of method for de-noising, if there is well Upper information, can be with information on surge well, and the pre-stack seismic road collection after above-mentioned pressure being made an uproar according to above-mentioned residual error data is protected Width is analyzed.On well, information may include target zone reservoir information, thus can just drill and obtain AVO (amplitude is with offset distance Change) amplitude curve.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the standard amplitude of information on surge well, it is more easy to judge to press the pre-stack seismic road collection after making an uproar In useful signal whether have damage.

In one embodiment, above-mentioned DSST time-frequency spectrum is plural number, during by the DSST obtaining in above-mentioned steps S101 The real part of frequency spectrum and imaginary part execution step S102 respectively.

In one embodiment, the real part of the DSST obtaining in above-mentioned steps S101 time-frequency spectrum and imaginary part are executed respectively Step S103.

In one embodiment, the real part of the DSST obtaining in above-mentioned steps S101 time-frequency spectrum and imaginary part are executed respectively Step S104, obtains the real part of DSST time-frequency spectrum after above-mentioned pressure is made an uproar and its imaginary part；Then, make an uproar in conjunction with above-mentioned pressure The pressure that the rear real part of DSST time-frequency spectrum and imaginary part generate in above-mentioned steps S105 make an uproar after DSST time-frequency spectrum.

In the embodiment of the present invention, by step S102 to step S104 is carried out respectively by the real part of time-frequency spectrum and imaginary part, Advantageously reduce the computation complexity during pre-stack seismic road collection pressure is made an uproar.

Conventional synchronous compression conversion SST, is on the basis of wavelet transformation, the wavelet coefficient dissipating to be focused, Obtain that there is the spectrum that higher time-frequency differentiates feature.

The continuous wavelet transform of definition signal s (t) is as follows：

In formula (4),In, ψ^*T () is the complex conjugate function of morther wavelet ψ (t), yardstick a and time b It is the flexible of morther wavelet and shift factor respectively, W_s(a, b) is wavelet coefficient.

For arbitrary W_s(a, b) ≠ 0, instantaneous frequency approximately can be defined by following formula：

Synchronous compression be exactly when m- yardstick plane on data (W_s(a, b)) it is mapped to number in T/F plane According to (being designated as time-frequency spectrum T_s(ω_l, b)), coordinate points, (b a) is converted into (b, ω simultaneously_s(a, b)), so can be based on The time-frequency distributions of continuous wavelet transform.Data mapping ruler is as follows：

In formula (6), a_kIt is k-th discrete yardstick, meet | ω_s(a_k,b)-ω_l|≤Δ ω/2, k=1,2 ..., N are Discrete sequence number, (Δ a)_k=a_k+1-a_k, ω_lIt is l-th discrete angular frequency, Δ ω is angular frequency discrete interval.Formula (6) meaning is that the fuzzy ranges on wavelet transform dimension direction have been compressed to a concentrated area, and then when improving The readability of frequency division cloth.

There is inverible transform in synchronous compression conversion SST, can pass through T_s(ω_l, b) reconstruction signal s (t)：

In formula (7), constant coefficientThe Fourier spectrum of expression ψ (equally use by other embodiment ^ represents that Fourier composes), Re [] represents the computing for the treatment of excess syndrome portion.

In one embodiment, above-mentioned mapping equation (6) is made with following change：

In formula (8), P is variable parameter.

In the embodiment of the present invention, according to Parseval theorem, can obtain：

For formula (9), it is denoted as：

As P=-1, formula (8) deteriorates to formula (6).

As P=-2, formula (11) can be changed into：

If there is derivative s'(t in signal s (t) (i.e. s (b))) (i.e. s'(b)), according to Fourier derivation theorem, then have：

So, signal s (t) can be reconstructed by way of integration：

Formula (14) shows, as P=-2, signal can be reconstructed indirectly by its derivative.

In the embodiment of the present invention, above-mentioned formula (8) (P takes -2 situation) is referred to as the conversion of Derivative Type synchronous compression DSST, formula (14) is the inverse transformation of Derivative Type synchronous compression DSST.

In one embodiment, the pre-stack seismic road collection shown in Fig. 1 is pressed in step S101 of method for de-noising, using above-mentioned public affairs Formula (8), P takes -2, carries out Derivative Type synchronous compression conversion DSST, is calculated the expression of this DSST time-frequency spectrum Formula is：

In formula (15), ω_lIt is l-th discrete angular frequency, Δ ω is the discrete interval of discrete angular frequency, W_s(a_k, b) it is The wavelet coefficient of pre-stack seismic road collection signal, a_kIt is k-th discrete yardstick, b is the time, ω_s(a_k, b) it is prestack ground The angular frequency of shake road collection signal, (Δ a)_k=a_k+1-a_k, P=-2, k=1,2 ..., N, N are discrete sequence numbers.

In the embodiment of the present invention, convert the time-frequency spectrum of DSST based on Derivative Type synchronous compression, there is ratio conventional synchronous pressure The higher time frequency resolution of time-frequency spectrum of contracting conversion SST, time-frequency energy group more focuses on, and is conducive to SNR estimation and compensation.

In the embodiment of the present invention, remember that noisy pre-stack seismic road collection is s (n, t_j) it is assumed that noise types be random noise (under With), Taoist monastic name n=1,2 ..., N₁, N₁For total road number, t_jFor j-th time sampling, j=1,2 ..., N₂, N₂For Time sampling point sum.Often all convert DSST process through Derivative Type synchronous compression together, can get three-dimensional time-frequency spectrum Data, is designated as SF (n, t_j,f_m), f_mFor m-th frequency sampling, m=1,2 ..., N₃, N₃Total for stepped-frequency signal Number.

In one embodiment, pressure is made an uproar and is processed the thought that can use for reference vector splitting method, projects to realize by vector space.

The concept of vector space is described first.From three-dimensional time-frequency modal data SF (n, t_j,f_m) middle taking-up one-dimensional data, example All frequency sampled data as corresponding in the time sampling of the 1st, the 1st road, i.e. SF (1, t₁,f_m).From interspace analytic geometry From the point of view of, this data is also considered as N₃Dimension space vector.

For the sake of simplicity, labelling SF (1, t₁,f_m) real part be(processing mode of imaginary part is similar to).

Real part vectorIn contain two approximately perpendicular ingredients, i.e. useful signal vector noise vector.Assume The vector parallel with useful signal vector beDue to real part vectorContaining noise, thereforeWithAnd not parallel, But there is certain angleAnd noise is stronger, angle α is bigger.

So, inventor is it is considered that the thinking that pressure is made an uproar is to search out the vector parallel with useful signalReal part is sweared AmountIn the vector parallel with useful signalSpatially projection, be decomposed into parallel to vectorComponentWith hang down Directly in vectorComponentThen using pressure make an uproar parameter lambda compacting vertical componentAnd and parallel componentAgain Composition presses the vector after making an uproarConcrete mathematic(al) representation is as follows：

In formula (16), press parameter lambda span of making an uproar can be 0 to 1, when λ takes 0, vertical component is pressed completely System, when λ takes 1, does not suppress to vertical component.

In actual applications, due to vectorEstimation often there is certain error, part useful signal be possible to by Decompose in vertical component, therefore vertical component should not be suppressed completely, λ preferably selects rational intermediate value.

As described above, how to estimate the vector parallel with useful signalAnd choose suitable pressure and make an uproar parameter lambda, it is pressure The key made an uproar in step.

Inventor is it is considered that pre-stack seismic road collection s (n, t_j) there is lateral continuity, i.e. the amplitude in mutually different roads in the same time It is consistent gradual change, correspondingly, mutually instantaneous spectrum SF (n, the t in different roads in the same time_j,f_m) also there is preferable degree of association, These instantaneous spectrums are denoted as vectorThe direction of these instantaneous spectrum vectors is substantially consistent, only because noisy Etc. factor, direction vector and useful signal direction vector is led to there is a certain degree of deviation.

In one embodiment, using unit vector plus with by the way of estimating the vector parallel with useful signalThen Pre-stack seismic road collection shown in Fig. 1 is pressed in step S102 of method for de-noising, the vector parallel with useful signalCan be with table It is shown as：

In formula (17),Represent the moment for t_jThe corresponding vector parallel with useful signal of Shi Ge road instantaneous spectrum.Its In,It is the instantaneous spectrum of the same time not pre-stack seismic road collection of people having a common goal,N=1,2 ..., N₁, N₁It is total road number of pre-stack seismic road collection, t_jRepresent j-th Time sampling, j=1,2 ..., N₂, N₂For time sampling point sum, f_mRepresent m-th frequency sampling, M=1,2 ..., N₃, N₃For stepped-frequency signal sum.

In the embodiment of the present invention, by the vector parallel with useful signal, pre-stack seismic road can be effectively protected to concentrate Useful signal during pressure is made an uproar damaged less.

Inventor parameter lambda (n, t it is considered that pressure is made an uproar_j) it is a 2-D data, that is, people having a common goal's difference moment correspondence is not different Pressure is made an uproar parameter value, and pressure can be made an uproar parameter lambda (n, t_j) it is divided into two parts λ₁(n,t_j) and λ₂(n,t_j), λ₁(n,t_j) effect be Compacting noise, λ₂(n,t_j) effect be protection useful signal.

In one embodiment, according to estimating the signal to noise ratio obtaining in Fig. 2, the pre-stack seismic road collection pressure side of making an uproar shown in Fig. 1 In step S103 of method, the make an uproar expression formula of parameter of this pressure can be：

In formula (18), parameter lambda₁(n,t_j) for suppressing the noise of pre-stack seismic road concentration, parameter lambda₁(n,t_j) value Scope is [λ_D,λ_U], parameter lambda₂(n,t_j) for the useful signal protecting pre-stack seismic road to concentrate, λ_DAnd λ_UIt is to set Parameter, SNR (n, t_j) it is above-mentioned signal to noise ratio (useful signal energy/noise energy),It is all letters Make an uproar than SNR (n, t_j) maximum in (2-D data), n=1,2 ..., N₁, N₁It is total road of pre-stack seismic road collection Number, t_jRepresent j-th time sampling, j=1,2 ..., N₂, N₂For time sampling point sum, α₀It is to set coefficient (unit is radian),

Parameter lambda₁(n,t_j) span can be adaptive, i.e. signal to noise ratio snr (n, t_j) higher, λ₁(n,t_j) bigger, Compacting to vertical component is weaker.Due to vectorThere is certain error unavoidably although most of useful signal is believed Breath is distributed in and vectorOn parallel component, but still there is fraction useful signal information distribution in vertical component, Parameter lambda₂(n,t_j) protect angle in α₀Within vertical component.

In the embodiment of the present invention, pressure parameter of making an uproar can adaptively suppress noise, also can effective protection useful signal so that The pre-stack seismic road collection pressure method for de-noising of the embodiment of the present invention has preferably presses effect of making an uproar.

In one embodiment, in conjunction with above-mentioned formula (16) and formula (18), according to above-mentioned signal to noise ratio, shown in Fig. 1 Pre-stack seismic road collection press in step S104 of method for de-noising, the expression formula of DSST time-frequency spectrum after this pressure is made an uproar can be：

In formula (19),It is the instantaneous spectrum of the same time not pre-stack seismic road collection of people having a common goal,It is and useful signal Parallel vector, λ (n, j) is that described pressure is made an uproar parameter, n=1,2 ..., N₁, N₁It is total road number of pre-stack seismic road collection, t_jRepresent j-th time sampling, j=1,2 ..., N₂, N₂For time sampling point sum, f_mRepresent m-th frequency Sampling, m=1,2 ..., N₃, N₃It is total for stepped-frequency signal,It is after described pressure is made an uproar DSST time-frequency spectrum.

In one embodiment, the pre-stack seismic road collection shown in Fig. 1 is pressed in step S105 of method for de-noising, after this pressure is made an uproar The expression formula of pre-stack seismic road collection can be：

Wherein, s (0) is integral constant, and Δ ω is the discrete interval of discrete angular frequency,It is constant coefficientInverse,It is the conjugate function of the Fourier spectrum of morther wavelet ψ, b and t is the time, T ＞ 0.

The pre-stack seismic road collection of embodiment presses the effectiveness of method for de-noising to illustrate the invention, below will be with a specific embodiment The effect of the present invention is described, but does not limit protection scope of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the original pre-stack seismic road collection signal of one embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 5 is shown in Fig. 4 The schematic diagram of the SST spectrum of signal, Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the DSST spectrum of signal shown in Fig. 4, and Fig. 7 is figure The schematic diagram of the pre-stack seismic road collection signal after the spectrum reconstruct of DSST shown in 6, Fig. 8 is original folded shown in Fig. 4 The schematic diagram of the relative error percentage ratio of pre-stack seismic road collection signal after reconstruct shown in front seismic signal and Fig. 7.

As shown in figure 4, the original pre-stack seismic road collection signal that emulation generates, it is made up of two frequency-conversion harmonics, The dominant frequency of first sine wave vibrates up and down in 40Hz, and the dominant frequency of second sine wave is shaken up and down in 90Hz Swing.As shown in figure 5, original emulation pre-stack seismic road collection signal is carried out with the synchronous compression conversion SST of routine Obtain time-frequency spectrum, be clear that, the dominant frequency of two ingredients all in the way of sine wave over time Change.As shown in fig. 6, Derivative Type synchronous compression conversion is carried out to original emulation pre-stack seismic road collection signal DSST obtains time-frequency spectrum.Contrast Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 finds, the time-frequency trend of two time-frequency spectrum is basically identical, The time-frequency local feature in signal can clearly be reflected, be respectively provided with higher time frequency resolution；But meanwhile, both There is certain difference, near 400ms and 1000ms, the time-frequency focusing of SST spectrum is weaker than DSST Spectrum.This shows, in the case of basic frequency of signal change faster, the time-frequency resolving effect of DSST spectrum is better than SST Spectrum, i.e. the description of DSST more conducively signal local time frequency characteristics.As shown in fig. 7, weight is composed according to DSST Structure obtains signal, basically identical with the amplitude of primary signal.As shown in figure 8, primary signal and DSST spectrum Reconstruct obtains the relative error percentage curve of both signals, and relative error controls within 10%, and this shows Preferable credibility is had according to the signal of DSST spectrum reconstruct.

Fig. 9 is that the nothing of another embodiment of the present invention is made an uproar the schematic diagram of pre-stack seismic road collection signal, and Figure 10 is Fig. 9 Schematic diagram after shown pre-stack seismic road collection signal is noisy, Figure 11 is noisy pre-stack seismic road collection shown in Figure 10 Signal to noise ratio schematic diagram, Figure 12 is noisy seismic channel set signal shown in Figure 10 through the embodiment of the present invention The schematic diagram of the seismic channel set signal after pressing method for de-noising pressure to make an uproar, Figure 13 is noisy seismic channel set letter shown in Figure 10 Number schematic diagram of noise signal filtering through the pressure method for de-noising of the embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in figure 9, the pre-stack seismic road collection model of synthesis, amplitude has different changes and becomes in the horizontal Gesture, (Amplitude Versus Offset, amplitude is with offset distance to simulate the AVO of reservoir in actual production Change) feature, for example, at 300ms, record amplitude is gradually increased, and reflects class ii AVO feature, At 350ms, record amplitude is gradually reduced, and reflects I class AVO feature.As shown in Figure 10, in Fig. 9 Shown nothing is made an uproar and is added random noise in pre-stack seismic road collection, and wherein, random noise peak swing is effective to remember The 20% of record maximum, generates noisy pre-stack seismic road collection.As shown in figure 11, containing according to Figure 10 Pre-stack seismic road collection of making an uproar estimation signal to noise ratio (useful signal energy/noise energy), every each time point together There is a snr value at place, and wherein maximum noise-signal ratio square is 7.39 it can be seen that when different road collection is different The signal noise ratio level carved is different, and this also requires that at difference and should be carried out pressure and made an uproar using different pressures parameter of making an uproar Process.As shown in figure 12, the noisy pre-stack seismic road collection shown in Figure 10 is through the pre-stack seismic road of the present invention Collection pressure method for de-noising carries out after pressure makes an uproar, and random noise is preferably filtered, and lateral amplitude of vibration seriality is strengthened. As shown in figure 13, from the noise section filtering it can be seen that the major part filtering is random noise, to having The damage of effect signal is less.

Figure 14 to Figure 16 be respectively no make an uproar in Fig. 9 pre-stack seismic road collection the 3rd, 9, the DSST of the signal in 15 roads Time-frequency spectrum schematic diagram.As shown in Figure 14 to Figure 16, not people having a common goal DSST time-frequency spectrum energy group distribution have similar Rule, trend is moved towards basically identical, be there is certain difference in detail, reflects the change of each channel amplitude.

Figure 17 to Figure 19 be respectively noisy pre-stack seismic road collection the 3rd in Figure 10,9, the DSST of the signal in 15 roads Time-frequency spectrum schematic diagram, Figure 20 is to be shown according to the useful signal time-frequency spectrum trend that pre-stack seismic road collection noisy in Figure 10 generates It is intended to.As shown in Figures 17 to 19, compared with Figure 14 to Figure 16 three figure, time-frequency spectrum occurs in that some are new Energy group, destroys concordance and the regularity of each road time-frequency spectrum to a certain extent.As shown in figure 20, this time-frequency spectrum It is not the time-frequency spectrum in certain road independent, but reflect the Energy distribution trend of useful signal in each road time-frequency spectrum, that is, instead Reflect the vector parallel with useful signal

Figure 21 to Figure 23 is that the DSST time-frequency spectrum shown in Figure 17 to Figure 19 is made an uproar through the pressure of the embodiment of the present invention respectively Method pressure make an uproar after DSST time-frequency spectrum.As shown in Figure 21 to Figure 23, the pressure of selection is made an uproar parameter lambda_DFor 0.1, λ_UFor 0.8, α₀For pi/2 00.Compared with Figure 17 to Figure 19, the energy group of irregularities in time-frequency spectrum after making an uproar is pressed to be had The compacting of effect；Compared with Figure 14 to Figure 16, press the main energetic group distribution of time-frequency spectrum after making an uproar and time-frequency spectrum base of no making an uproar This is consistent.Certainly, on time-frequency Voice segment, the result of Figure 21 to Figure 23 still slightly reduces, but foot Enough reflect the time-frequency Energy distribution trend of useful signal.The comparing result of before and after's road collection of making an uproar in conjunction with pressure in Fig. 9 to Figure 13, Show that the pressure method for de-noising of the present invention preferably can filter random noise, and protect useful signal.

The schematic diagram of the original pre-stack seismic road collection in Figure 24 one embodiment of the invention, Figure 25 is Figure 24 institute Pre-stack seismic road collection after the pressure method for de-noising pressure of the embodiment of the present invention is made an uproar for the original pre-stack seismic road collection shown Schematic diagram, Figure 26 is the original pre-stack seismic road collection shown in Figure 24 through the pressure side of making an uproar of the embodiment of the present invention The schematic diagram of the noise road collection that method filters.As shown in Figure 24 to Figure 26, contrast original road collection and pressure road collection of making an uproar and send out Existing, press the lineups of road collection after making an uproar clearly continuously, wave group feature is obvious.As shown in figure 26, pressure filters in making an uproar and processing Be all random noise, this show to press make an uproar during less to the damage of useful signal.

Figure 27 and Figure 28 is the schematic diagram of the signal to noise ratio of pre-stack seismic road collection shown in Figure 24 and Figure 25 respectively.Figure The signal to noise ratio of road collection before making an uproar is pressed in 27 displays, and the signal to noise ratio of road collection after making an uproar is pressed in Figure 28 display.As shown in Figure 27 and Figure 28, The average signal-to-noise ratio pressing road collection before making an uproar is 0.52, and the average signal-to-noise ratio after pressure is made an uproar is 1.50, and this shows that pressure makes an uproar process significantly Improve the signal noise ratio level of data.

Figure 29 and Figure 30 is the schematic diagram of the target zone amplitude of the pre-stack seismic road collection shown in Figure 24 and Figure 25 respectively. As shown in figure 29, road collection before pressure is made an uproar is picked up target zone (about at 1400ms) lateral amplitude of vibration (scatterplot), such as Shown in Figure 30, pickup target zone lateral amplitude of vibration (scatterplot) in road collection after pressing.In Figure 29 and Figure 30, solid line is The AVO amplitude curve just drilled according to the purpose reservoir information on well, transverse axis is Taoist monastic name, and the longitudinal axis is amplitude.As figure 29th, shown in 30, pressure make an uproar before road collection amplitude curve vibration more serious, and attenuation trend and inconspicuous it is impossible to preferably Ground reflection AVO amplitude variations feature；Pressure make an uproar after the amplitude curve trend of road collection and AVO just to drill curve basically identical, Preferably reflect AVO feature.Prestack AVO inverting, inversion result are carried out according to the prestack road collection that the present invention is processed Bring up to 85.6% (counting 180 mouthfuls of wells altogether) with the identical rate of information on well by 70.5%, lift 15.1%.

The pre-stack seismic road collection pressure method for de-noising of the embodiment of the present invention, is realized based on Derivative Type synchronous compression conversion DSST Pre-stack seismic road collection pressure is made an uproar process, provides high s/n ratio geological data for follow-up AVO inverting.The embodiment of the present invention Pre-stack seismic road collection presses method for de-noising, converts DSST from Derivative Type synchronous compression, when pre-stack seismic road collection is carried out Frequency division solution, energy group distribution in time-frequency spectrum has preferable focusing, and local time frequency resolution is higher；Empty using vector Between projection mode, useful signal is separated with random noise by DSST time-frequency spectrum, and is arranged multiple adjustable Parameter realizes noise adaptive compacting and useful signal protection respectively；Letter is reconstructed according to filtered DSST time-frequency spectrum Number, obtain pressing the prestack road collection after making an uproar.Random noise, guarantor can preferably be suppressed based on the prestack pressure technology of making an uproar of DSST Shield useful signal, enhances the lateral continuity of road collection and prominent lineups wave group feature.

Press method for de-noising identical inventive concept based on the pre-stack seismic road collection shown in Fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention also provides A kind of pre-stack seismic road collection pressure is made an uproar device, as described in example below.Because this pre-stack seismic road collection pressure is made an uproar device solution Certainly the principle of problem presses method for de-noising similar with pre-stack seismic road collection, therefore this pre-stack seismic road collection pressure make an uproar the enforcement of device can To press the enforcement of method for de-noising referring to pre-stack seismic road collection, repeat no more in place of repetition.

Figure 31 is that the pre-stack seismic road collection pressure of the embodiment of the present invention is made an uproar the structural representation of device.As shown in figure 31, originally The pre-stack seismic road collection pressure of inventive embodiments is made an uproar device, generates including DSST time-frequency spectrum signal generating unit 3110, vector Unit 3120, pressure make an uproar parameter setting unit 3130, pressure make an uproar after DSST time-frequency spectrum signal generating unit 3140 and pre-stack seismic Road collection reconfiguration unit 3150.Above-mentioned each unit is linked in sequence.

DSST time-frequency spectrum signal generating unit 3110 is used for carrying out Derivative Type synchronous pressure to each trace record of pre-stack seismic road collection Contracting conversion DSST, generates the DSST time-frequency spectrum of described pre-stack seismic road collection.

Vector generation unit 3120 be used for according to described DSST time-frequency spectrum estimation pre-stack seismic road concentrate with have The parallel vector of effect signal.

Pressure parameter setting unit 3130 of making an uproar is made an uproar parameter for setting a pressure according to described pre-stack seismic road collection.

After pressure is made an uproar, DSST time-frequency spectrum signal generating unit 3140 is used for according to described DSST time-frequency spectrum, described vector and institute State pressure parameter of making an uproar described pre-stack seismic road collection is carried out with pressure to make an uproar process, generate the DSST time-frequency spectrum after pressure is made an uproar.

Pre-stack seismic road collection reconfiguration unit 3150 obtains pressure for the DSST time-frequency spectrum reconstruct after making an uproar according to described pressure and makes an uproar Pre-stack seismic road collection afterwards.

The pre-stack seismic road collection pressure of the embodiment of the present invention is made an uproar device, during vector space projection pressure is made an uproar, is made an uproar by pressure Parameter setting unit sets compacting noise, generates the vector shift parallel with useful signal by vector generation unit effective Signal, pressure is made an uproar parameter and useful signal Protection parameters combine so that the selection of each parameter has clear and definite purpose and physics Meaning, more conducively compacting noise simultaneously protect useful signal.

Figure 32 is the structural representation pressing parameter setting unit of making an uproar in one embodiment of the invention.As shown in figure 32, above-mentioned Parameter setting unit 3130 of making an uproar is pressed to may include signal to noise ratio generation module 3131 and press parameter generation module 3132 of making an uproar.

Signal to noise ratio generation module 3131 is used for described pre-stack seismic road collection is carried out attributional analysis, and estimation obtains described folded The signal to noise ratio of front seismic channel set.

Pressure makes an uproar parameter generation module 3132 for pressing parameter of making an uproar according to described signal-to-noise ratio computation.

In the embodiment of the present invention, parameter generation module of making an uproar is pressed to be made an uproar according to the signal-to-noise ratio settings pressure that signal to noise ratio generation module generates Parameter, so that having more specific aim to the Noise Elimination of pre-stack seismic road collection, can have and preferably press effect of making an uproar.

Figure 33 is that the pre-stack seismic road collection pressure of one embodiment of the invention is made an uproar the structural representation of device.As shown in figure 33, Pre-stack seismic road collection pressure shown in Figure 31 is made an uproar device, may also include residual error data signal generating unit 3160 and again pressure make an uproar control Unit 3170 processed.

Residual error data signal generating unit 3160 is used for the pre-stack seismic road after making an uproar according to described pre-stack seismic road collection and described pressure Collection mathematic interpolation pressure make an uproar before and after pre-stack seismic road collection residual error data.

Again control unit 3170 of making an uproar is pressed to enter for the pre-stack seismic road collection after described pressure being made an uproar according to described residual error data Row protects width analysis, if described useful signal has damage, repeats to make described pressure to make an uproar parameter setting unit, described pressure DSST time-frequency spectrum signal generating unit and the running of described pre-stack seismic road collection reconfiguration unit after making an uproar.

In the embodiment of the present invention, divided by again pressing control unit of making an uproar that the pre-stack seismic road collection pressed after making an uproar is carried out with guarantor's width Analysis, can make an uproar parameter according to the adaptive pressure that adjusts of the actual signal noise ratio level of pre-stack seismic road collection data, improve pressure with this Effect of making an uproar simultaneously protects useful signal.

In one embodiment, the pre-stack seismic road collection pressure shown in Figure 33 is made an uproar in device, and this presses control unit of making an uproar again 3170, it may include protect width analysis module 3171.

Protect width analysis module 3171 to be used for being protected according to the pre-stack seismic road collection after information is made an uproar to described pressure on a well Width is analyzed.On well, information may include target zone reservoir information, thus can just drill and obtain AVO amplitude curve.

In the embodiment of the present invention, protect the standard spectrum of information on width analysis module surge well, be more easy to analyze after pressure makes an uproar Whether the useful signal that pre-stack seismic road is concentrated has damage.

Figure 34 is that the pre-stack seismic road collection pressure of one embodiment of the invention is made an uproar the structural representation of device.As shown in figure 34, The DSST time-frequency spectrum that above-mentioned DSST time-frequency spectrum signal generating unit 3110 generates is plural number, the prestack of the embodiment of the present invention Seismic channel set pressure is made an uproar device, it may include time-frequency spectrum real part and imaginary part split cells 3180 and time-frequency spectrum real part and imaginary part group Close unit 3190.

Time-frequency spectrum real part and imaginary part split cells 3180 may connect to above-mentioned DSST time-frequency spectrum signal generating unit 3110 and arrow Between amount signal generating unit 3120, time-frequency spectrum real part and imaginary part assembled unit 3190 may connect to DSST after above-mentioned pressure is made an uproar Between time-frequency spectrum signal generating unit 3140 and pre-stack seismic road collection reconfiguration unit 3150.

Time-frequency spectrum real part and imaginary part split cells 3180 are used for the real part of above-mentioned DSST time-frequency spectrum and above-mentioned DSST The imaginary part of time-frequency spectrum is made an uproar parameter setting unit 3130 and described by described vector generation unit 3120, described pressure respectively After pressure is made an uproar, DSST time-frequency spectrum signal generating unit 3140 is processed, and obtains the reality of the DSST time-frequency spectrum after described pressure is made an uproar Portion and imaginary part；

Time-frequency spectrum real part and imaginary part assembled unit 3190 be used for making an uproar with reference to described pressure after the real part of DSST time-frequency spectrum and Imaginary part generates the DSST time-frequency spectrum after described pressure is made an uproar.

In the embodiment of the present invention, time-frequency spectrum is made by its real part and imaginary part difference by time-frequency spectrum real part and imaginary part split cells Carry out, advantageously reduce the computation complexity during pre-stack seismic road collection pressure is made an uproar.

In one embodiment, the expression formula of the DSST time-frequency spectrum that above-mentioned DSST time-frequency spectrum signal generating unit 3110 generates For：

Wherein, ω_lIt is l-th discrete angular frequency, Δ ω is the discrete interval of discrete angular frequency, W_s(a_k, b) it is prestack The wavelet coefficient of seismic channel set signal, a_kIt is k-th discrete yardstick, b is the time, ω_s(a_k, b) it is pre-stack seismic road The angular frequency of collection signal, (Δ a)_k=a_k+1-a_k, P=-2, k=1,2 ..., N, N are discrete sequence numbers.

In the embodiment of the present invention, DSST time-frequency spectrum signal generating unit converts the time-frequency of DSST based on Derivative Type synchronous compression Spectrum, has the time frequency resolution higher than the time-frequency spectrum of conventional synchronous compressed transform SST, time-frequency energy group more focuses on, Be conducive to SNR estimation and compensation.

In one embodiment, the expression formula of the vector that above-mentioned vector generation unit 3120 generates is：

Wherein,It is the instantaneous spectrum of the same time not pre-stack seismic road collection of people having a common goal,N=1,2 ..., N₁, N₁It is total road number of pre-stack seismic road collection, t_jRepresent j-th Time sampling, j=1,2 ..., N₂, N₂For time sampling point sum, f_mRepresent m-th frequency sampling, M=1,2 ..., N₃, N₃For stepped-frequency signal sum.

In the embodiment of the present invention, vector generation unit, by the vector parallel with useful signal, can be protected folded effectively Useful signal in front seismic channel set is injury-free during pressure is made an uproar.

In one embodiment, above-mentioned pressure make an uproar the pressure that parameter setting unit 3130 sets make an uproar parameter expression formula as：

Wherein, parameter lambda₁(n,t_j) for suppressing the noise of pre-stack seismic road concentration, parameter lambda₁(n,t_j) span be [λ_D,λ_U], parameter lambda₂(n,t_j) for the useful signal protecting pre-stack seismic road to concentrate, λ_DAnd λ_UIt is setup parameter, SNR(n,t_j) it is described signal to noise ratio,It is all signal to noise ratio snr (n, t_j) in maximum, N=1,2 ..., N₁, N₁It is total road number of pre-stack seismic road collection, t_jRepresent j-th time sampling, j=1,2 ..., N₂, N₂For time sampling point sum, α₀It is to set coefficient,

In the embodiment of the present invention, pressure make an uproar parameter setting unit can adaptively set pressure make an uproar parameter compacting noise, also can have Effect protection useful signal preferably presses, so that the pre-stack seismic road collection pressure method for de-noising of the embodiment of the present invention has, effect of making an uproar.

In one embodiment, above-mentioned pressure make an uproar after DSST time-frequency spectrum signal generating unit 3140 generate pressure make an uproar after DSST The expression formula of time-frequency spectrum is：

Wherein,It is the instantaneous spectrum of the same time not pre-stack seismic road collection of people having a common goal,It is described vector, λ (n, j) It is that described pressure is made an uproar parameter, n=1,2 ..., N₁, N₁It is total road number of pre-stack seismic road collection, t_jRepresent that j-th time adopts Sample, j=1,2 ..., N₂, N₂For time sampling point sum, f_mRepresent m-th frequency sampling, m=1,2 ..., N₃, N₃It is total for stepped-frequency signal,It is the DSST time-frequency spectrum after described pressure is made an uproar.

In one embodiment, pressure that above-mentioned pre-stack seismic road collection reconfiguration unit 3150 generates make an uproar after pre-stack seismic road collection Expression formula be：

Wherein, s (0) is integral constant, and Δ ω is the discrete interval of discrete angular frequency,It is constant coefficientInverse,It is the conjugate function of the Fourier spectrum of morther wavelet ψ, b and t is the time, T ＞ 0.

The pre-stack seismic road collection pressure of the embodiment of the present invention is made an uproar device, and it is synchronous that DSST time-frequency spectrum signal generating unit is based on Derivative Type Compressed transform DSST makes an uproar process realizing pre-stack seismic road collection pressure, provides high s/n ratio earthquake for follow-up AVO inverting Data.The pre-stack seismic road collection pressure of the embodiment of the present invention is made an uproar device, converts DSST from Derivative Type synchronous compression, Time-frequency Decomposition is carried out to pre-stack seismic road collection, energy group distribution in time-frequency spectrum has preferable focusing, local time's frequency division Resolution is higher；Using the mode of vector space projection, useful signal is carried out by DSST time-frequency spectrum with random noise Separate, and multiple adjustable parameters are set and realize noise adaptive compacting and useful signal protection respectively；According to filtered DSST time-frequency spectrum reconstruction signal, obtains pressing the prestack road collection after making an uproar.Make an uproar technology based on the prestack pressure of DSST can be preferably Ground compacting random noise, protection useful signal, enhance the lateral continuity of road collection and prominent lineups wave group feature.

Those skilled in the art are it should be appreciated that embodiments of the invention can be provided as method, system or computer journey Sequence product.Therefore, the present invention using complete hardware embodiment, complete software embodiment or can combine software and hardware The form of the embodiment of aspect.And, the present invention can adopt and wherein include computer available programs one or more The computer-usable storage medium (including but not limited to disk memory, CD-ROM, optical memory etc.) of code The form of the computer program of upper enforcement.

The present invention is the stream with reference to method according to embodiments of the present invention, equipment (system) and computer program Journey figure and/or block diagram are describing.It should be understood that can be by computer program instructions flowchart and/or block diagram Flow process in each flow process and/or square frame and flow chart and/or block diagram and/or the combination of square frame.These can be provided Computer program instructions process to general purpose computer, special-purpose computer, Embedded Processor or other programmable datas and set Standby processor is to produce a machine so that holding by the processor of computer or other programmable data processing device The instruction of row produces for realizing in one flow process of flow chart or multiple flow process and/or one square frame of block diagram or multiple side The device of the function of specifying in frame.

These computer program instructions may be alternatively stored in and can guide computer or other programmable data processing device with spy Determine in the computer-readable memory that mode works so that the instruction being stored in this computer-readable memory produces bag Include the manufacture of command device, this command device is realized in one flow process of flow chart or multiple flow process and/or block diagram one The function of specifying in individual square frame or multiple square frame.

These computer program instructions also can be loaded in computer or other programmable data processing device so that counting Series of operation steps is executed on calculation machine or other programmable devices to produce computer implemented process, thus calculating On machine or other programmable devices the instruction of execution provide for realizing in one flow process of flow chart or multiple flow process and/or The step of the function of specifying in one square frame of block diagram or multiple square frame.

Particular embodiments described above, has carried out detailed further to the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect Describe in detail bright, be should be understood that the specific embodiment that the foregoing is only the present invention, be not used to limit this Bright protection domain, all any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement within the spirit and principles in the present invention, done etc., Should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (15)

1. a kind of pre-stack seismic road collection pressure method for de-noising is it is characterised in that methods described includes：

Step 1：Derivative Type synchronous compression conversion DSST is carried out to each trace record of pre-stack seismic road collection, generates described The DSST time-frequency spectrum of pre-stack seismic road collection；

Step 2：The arrow parallel with useful signal that pre-stack seismic road according to described DSST time-frequency spectrum estimation is concentrated Amount；

Step 3：Set one according to described pre-stack seismic road collection and press parameter of making an uproar；

Step 4：Parameter is made an uproar to described pre-stack seismic road collection according to described DSST time-frequency spectrum, described vector and described pressure Carry out pressure to make an uproar process, generate the DSST time-frequency spectrum after pressure is made an uproar；

Step 5：DSST time-frequency spectrum reconstruct after being made an uproar according to described pressure obtains pressing the pre-stack seismic road collection after making an uproar.

2. pre-stack seismic road collection as claimed in claim 1 pressure method for de-noising is it is characterised in that according to described prestack ground Shake road collection sets one and presses parameter of making an uproar, including：

Described pre-stack seismic road collection is carried out with attributional analysis, estimation obtains the signal to noise ratio of described pre-stack seismic road collection；

Parameter of making an uproar is pressed according to described signal-to-noise ratio computation.

3. pre-stack seismic road collection as claimed in claim 1 pressure method for de-noising is it is characterised in that after step 5, Including：

The mathematic interpolation pressure of the pre-stack seismic road collection after being made an uproar according to described pre-stack seismic road collection and described pressure make an uproar before and after folded The residual error data of front seismic channel set；

Pre-stack seismic road collection after described pressure being made an uproar according to described residual error data carries out protecting width analysis, if described effective Signal has damage, then repeated execution of steps 3 is to step 5.

4. pre-stack seismic road collection as claimed in claim 3 pressure method for de-noising is it is characterised in that according to described residual error number Carry out protecting width analysis according to the pre-stack seismic road collection after described pressure is made an uproar, including：Information on surge well, according to described residual Pre-stack seismic road collection after difference data is made an uproar to described pressure carries out protecting width analysis.

5. pre-stack seismic road collection as claimed in claim 1 pressure method for de-noising is it is characterised in that described DSST time-frequency Compose as plural number；Methods described includes：

By the real part of described DSST time-frequency spectrum and imaginary part, execution step 2, to step 4, obtains after described pressure makes an uproar respectively The real part of DSST time-frequency spectrum and imaginary part；

The real part of DSST time-frequency spectrum after making an uproar in conjunction with described pressure and imaginary part generate the DSST time-frequency spectrum after described pressure is made an uproar.

6. pre-stack seismic road collection as claimed in claim 1 pressure method for de-noising is it is characterised in that described DSST time-frequency Spectrum expression formula be：

$T_s({\mathrm{\ω}}_l,b,P)=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\ω}}\underset{a_k:|{\mathrm{\ω}}_s(a_k,b)-{\mathrm{\ω}}_l|\≤\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\ω}/2}{\Σ}{W}_s(a_k,b)a_k^{-1/2+P}{\left(\mathrm{\Δ}a\right)}_k,$

Wherein, ω_lIt is l-th discrete angular frequency, Δ ω is the discrete interval of discrete angular frequency, W_s(a_k, b) it is prestack The wavelet coefficient of seismic channel set signal, a_kIt is k-th discrete yardstick, b is the time, ω_s(a_k, b) it is pre-stack seismic road The angular frequency of collection signal, (Δ a)_k=a_k+1-a_k, P=-2, k=1,2 ..., N, N are discrete sequence numbers.

7. pre-stack seismic road collection as claimed in claim 1 pressure method for de-noising is it is characterised in that the expression of described vector Formula is：

Wherein,It is the instantaneous spectrum of the same time not pre-stack seismic road collection of people having a common goal,N₁It is total road number of pre-stack seismic road collection, t_jRepresent j-th Time sampling, j=1,2 ..., N₂, N₂For time sampling point sum, f_mRepresent m-th frequency sampling, M=1,2 ..., N₃, N₃For stepped-frequency signal sum.

8. pre-stack seismic road collection as claimed in claim 2 pressure method for de-noising it is characterised in that described pressure is made an uproar parameter Expression formula is：

$\mathrm{\λ}\left(n,t_j\right)={\mathrm{\λ}}_1\left(n,t_j\right)+{\mathrm{\λ}}_2\left(n,t_j\right)=\left\{{\mathrm{\λ}}_D+\left({\mathrm{\λ}}_U-{\mathrm{\λ}}_D\right)\frac{SNR\left(n,t_j\right)}{\max \[SNR\left(n,t_j\right)\]}\right\}+\frac{{\mathrm{tan\α}}_0}{{\mathrm{tan\α}}_{n,j}},$

Wherein, parameter lambda₁(n,t_j) for suppressing the noise of pre-stack seismic road concentration, parameter lambda₁(n,t_j) span be [λ_D,λ_U], parameter lambda₂(n,t_j) for the useful signal protecting pre-stack seismic road to concentrate, λ_DAnd λ_UIt is setup parameter, SNR(n,t_j) be described pre-stack seismic road collection signal to noise ratio,It is all signal to noise ratio snr (n, t_j) in Maximum, n=1,2 ..., N₁, N₁It is total road number of pre-stack seismic road collection, t_jRepresent j-th time sampling, J=1,2 ..., N₂, N₂For time sampling point sum, α₀It is to set coefficient,

9. pre-stack seismic road collection as claimed in claim 2 press method for de-noising it is characterised in that described pressure make an uproar after DSST The expression formula of time-frequency spectrum is：

Wherein,It is the instantaneous spectrum of the same time not pre-stack seismic road collection of people having a common goal,It is described vector, λ (n, j) It is that described pressure is made an uproar parameter, n=1,2 ..., N₁, N₁It is total road number of pre-stack seismic road collection, t_jRepresent that j-th time adopts Sample, j=1,2 ..., N₂, N₂For time sampling point sum, f_mRepresent m-th frequency sampling, m=1,2 ..., N₃, N₃It is total for stepped-frequency signal,It is the DSST time-frequency spectrum after described pressure is made an uproar.

10. pre-stack seismic road collection as claimed in claim 9 press method for de-noising it is characterised in that described pressure make an uproar after folded The expression formula of front seismic channel set is：

$s\left(t\right)=s\left(0\right)+{\∫}_0^t\mathrm{Re}\[{\mathrm{iC}}_{\mathrm{\ψ},-2}^{-1}\mathrm{\Σ}SF\_new(n,t_j,f_m)\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\ω}\]db,$

Wherein, s (0) is integral constant, and Δ ω is the discrete interval of discrete angular frequency,It is constant coefficientInverse,It is the conjugate function of the Fourier spectrum of morther wavelet ψ, b and t is the time, T ＞ 0.

A kind of 11. pre-stack seismic road collection pressures make an uproar device it is characterised in that described device includes：

DSST time-frequency spectrum signal generating unit, for carrying out Derivative Type synchronous compression change to each trace record of pre-stack seismic road collection Change DSST, generate the DSST time-frequency spectrum of described pre-stack seismic road collection；

Vector generation unit, that concentrates for pre-stack seismic road according to described DSST time-frequency spectrum estimation is believed with effective Number parallel vector；

Press parameter setting unit of making an uproar, press, for setting one according to described pre-stack seismic road collection, parameter of making an uproar；

Press DSST time-frequency spectrum signal generating unit after making an uproar, for according to described DSST time-frequency spectrum, described vector and described pressure Parameter of making an uproar carries out pressure and makes an uproar process to described pre-stack seismic road collection, generates the DSST time-frequency spectrum after pressure is made an uproar；

Pre-stack seismic road collection reconfiguration unit, after obtaining pressing and make an uproar for the DSST time-frequency spectrum reconstruct after being made an uproar according to described pressure Pre-stack seismic road collection.

12. pre-stack seismic road collection pressures as claimed in claim 11 make an uproar device it is characterised in that described pressure is made an uproar parameter Setup unit, including：

Signal to noise ratio generation module, for described pre-stack seismic road collection is carried out with attributional analysis, estimation obtains described prestack ground The signal to noise ratio of shake road collection；

Press parameter generation module of making an uproar, for pressing parameter of making an uproar according to described signal-to-noise ratio computation.

13. pre-stack seismic road collection pressures as claimed in claim 11 make an uproar device it is characterised in that described device includes：

Residual error data signal generating unit, for the pre-stack seismic road collection after being made an uproar according to described pre-stack seismic road collection and described pressure Mathematic interpolation pressure make an uproar before and after pre-stack seismic road collection residual error data；

Again press control unit of making an uproar, protect for the pre-stack seismic road collection after described pressure being made an uproar according to described residual error data Width is analyzed, if described useful signal has damage, repeats to make described pressure to make an uproar after parameter setting unit, described pressure make an uproar DSST time-frequency spectrum signal generating unit and the running of described pre-stack seismic road collection reconfiguration unit.

14. pre-stack seismic road collection pressures as claimed in claim 13 make an uproar device it is characterised in that described pressure again is made an uproar Control unit, including：

Protect width analysis module, for carrying out protecting width according to the pre-stack seismic road collection after information is made an uproar to described pressure on a well Analysis.

15. pre-stack seismic road collection pressures as claimed in claim 11 make an uproar device it is characterised in that described device includes：

Time-frequency spectrum real part and imaginary part split cells, for passing through described arrow respectively by the real part of DSST time-frequency spectrum and imaginary part After amount signal generating unit, described pressure make an uproar parameter setting unit and described pressure is made an uproar, DSST time-frequency spectrum signal generating unit is processed, Obtain the real part of DSST time-frequency spectrum after described pressure is made an uproar and imaginary part；

Time-frequency spectrum real part and imaginary part assembled unit, the real part for the DSST time-frequency spectrum after making an uproar with reference to described pressure and imaginary part Generate the DSST time-frequency spectrum after described pressure is made an uproar.