CN105033462A - Method and device for thermal-assisted laser peen forming - Google Patents
Method and device for thermal-assisted laser peen forming Download PDFInfo
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- CN105033462A CN105033462A CN201510475106.1A CN201510475106A CN105033462A CN 105033462 A CN105033462 A CN 105033462A CN 201510475106 A CN201510475106 A CN 201510475106A CN 105033462 A CN105033462 A CN 105033462A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/0869—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/18—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using absorbing layers on the workpiece, e.g. for marking or protecting purposes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
- B23K26/356—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment by shock processing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/18—Sheet panels
Abstract
The invention provides a device for thermal-assisted laser peen forming. The device comprises a shot peening laser and a light path part thereof, a heating laser and a light path part thereof, a workpiece clamp control part, a water spraying part and a central control processor part. The central control processor part is connected with the shot peening laser and the light path part thereof, the heating laser and the light path part thereof and the workpiece clamp control part. The shot peening laser and the light path part thereof and the heating laser and the light path part thereof are located on the front face and the back face of a workpiece respectively. The invention further provides a method, adopting the device, for thermal-assisted laser peen forming. According to the device and method, laser-aided heating and laser shot peening are carried out on the two sides of the workpiece respectively at the same time. Due to the fact that part of shot peening area is heated, energy is effectively utilized, and processed materials have good surface property and high-temperature stability; the processing and manufacturing purpose of high-strength high-property plates is effectively achieved, and the requirement of the industry for processing and manufacturing of the materials is met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technology utilizing laser forming in material processing field, particularly, relate to a kind of hot auxiliary laser contour peening method and apparatus of sheet metal.
Background technology
Have the sheet metal of high strength, high rigidity and excellent surface quality, as titanium alloy, duralumin, hard alumin ium alloy, be all widely used in industry, Aero-Space and military affairs, therefore their processing and surface treatment also receive publicity.Laser peening is a kind of method of non-planar contact surfaces process, it utilizes laser and workpiece to interact to produce powerful shock wave impacts workpiece, surface of the work is made to produce residual stress, the surface strength of workpiece, resistance to crack extension ability, antiwear property, anti-fatigue ability are improved, thus improve the surface property of workpiece.The laser shot forming developed by laser peening utilizes laser-impact workpiece to make workpiece produce a kind of forming technology of plastic deformation.This technique can reduce the waste of material effectively, has the features such as stronger controllability, higher precision and good surface quality.Such as, the patent No. is the Chinese patent " method and apparatus of medium-thick plate laser shot forming " of ZL200510040116.9, propose and be a set ofly applied to medium-thick plate laser shot forming system, it goes out various process parameters according to the shape generating curved surface by computer optimization, design shot-peening path, shot-peening is carried out in the motion controlling laser instrument, light-conducting system and workbench.But the method and apparatus that this patent proposes, be only applicable to the medium-thick plate of comparatively easily processing, the metal alloy sheet material for high strength, high rigidity is then inapplicable.
At high temperature material softening, yield strength and elastic modelling quantity rise with temperature and reduce, and make the easier plastic deformation of material.For the large unmanageable material of some intensity, usually at high temperature Plastic Forming is carried out to material.Utilize the fuel factor of laser to specific region Fast Heating, the temperature heated can be controlled by the energy controlling laser, so LASER HEATING has good controllability.Therefore utilizing LASER HEATING to carry out auxiliary laser shot-peening can the scope of expanded laser light contour peening, processes the metal alloy sheet material of some high strength, high rigidity.Material after processing can obtain good surface property and high-temperature stability, meets aviation, the military demand manufactured this type of sheet fabrication.In laser peening strengthening field, adopt the effect of auxiliary heating method raising laser peening strengthening own through there being patent report.Find through retrieval, the existing Chinese patent " a kind of device and method for the strengthening of hard brittle material laser peening " that number of patent application 201010278889.1 is, propose a kind of device and method for the strengthening of hard brittle material laser peening, it first adopts high power laser light to treat strengthening region to carry out auxiliary heating, then realizes shot peening strengthening with continuous laser shot-peening.Be characterized in: first heated parts makes it reach uniform temperature, and then carry out laser peening.Its shortcoming is, the first is in the same face laser peening and heating, and in heating process, absorbed layer easily burns out because of temperature tolerance difference and comes off, and the effect of absorbed layer is lowered greatly, thus reduces the effect of shot-peening; Two to be glass be difficult to cleaning as restraint layer is frangible after processing for it, and the realisation difference of technique, is difficult to apply in actual industrial production; It three is that overall heating is unfavorable for saving energy.Therefore, this patent propose device and method and be not suitable in the hot auxiliary heating of laser shot forming.
Summary of the invention
For above shortcomings in prior art, the object of this invention is to provide the hot auxiliary laser contour peening method and apparatus that the heating of a kind of local laser is auxiliary, by synchronously applying other a branch of heating laser bundle, realize the raising of high-strength panel laser shot forming ability, be specially adapted to precision, the high unmanageable material again of surface quality requirements as the processing of titanium alloy duralumin, hard alumin ium alloy.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of hot auxiliary laser contour peening device, comprise shot-peening laser instrument and light path part, heating laser and light path part thereof, work piece holder control section, water emitting portion, central control processor part; Wherein:
Described shot-peening laser instrument and light path part thereof comprise: shot-peening laser controller 16, shot-peening laser instrument 15, guide path 13 and light spot adjusting device 12; Described shot-peening laser controller 16 and shot-peening laser instrument 15 control connection, the pulse laser that described shot-peening laser instrument 15 produces is passed to light spot adjusting device 12 by guide path 13, and is radiated workpiece 10 surface after being regulated by light spot adjusting device 12;
Described heating laser and light path part thereof comprise: heating laser controller 2, heating laser 3, light guide member 4, laser head 7 and laser head position adjustments part, described heating laser controller 2 and heating laser 3 control connection, the continuous laser that described heating laser 3 produces is passed to laser head 7 by light guide member 4, and form focused beam irradiation by laser head 7 and on workpiece 10 surface, workpiece 10 is heated, described laser head position-regulation portion is divided and is comprised: laser head position adjustments controller 5 and laser head clamping device 6, described laser head position adjustments controller 5 and laser head clamping device 6 control connection, described laser head clamping device 6 is for clamping laser head 7, and under the regulable control of laser head position adjustments controller 5, control laser head 7 do intermittent movement in plane,
Described work piece holder control section comprises: workbench 8, fixture 9 and workbench controller 17; Described workbench controller 17 and workbench 8 control connection, moving for controlling workbench 8, forming shot-peening track in three dimensions; Described fixture 9 is installed on workbench 8;
Described water emitting portion comprises: sprinkler head 11 and water pump 14, and described sprinkler head 11 is connected to the front end of water pump 14, and is positioned at shot-peening laser instrument and light path part side thereof, and the current that described sprinkler head 11 produces accurately cover shot-peening point;
Described central control processor part comprises: central control processor 1, described central control processor respectively with shot-peening laser controller 16, heating laser controller 2, workbench controller 17 and laser head position adjustments controller 5 control connection, control shot-peening laser instrument and heating laser and synchronously open and close, and control the coordinated movement of various economic factors between each several part;
Described shot-peening laser instrument and heating laser lay respectively at the both sides (front and back) of workpiece.
Preferably, the hot spot of described heating laser 3 on workpiece is synchronized with the shot-peening point of shot-peening laser instrument 15 on workpiece or the hot spot of heating laser 3 on workpiece is ahead of the shot-peening point of shot-peening laser instrument 15 on workpiece.
Preferably, described central control processor 1 is according to the shaping form requirement of workpiece, simulating cutting track and technological parameter, formation control program, and control shot-peening laser controller 16, heating laser controller 2 and/or workbench controller 17 by control program, and then control shot-peening laser instrument 15, heating laser 3 and/or workbench 8 move, and two surfaces relative on workpiece 10 produce laser peening and laser auxiliary heating track respectively.
Preferably, described technological parameter or comprise following any one or appoint multinomial:
The spot size of the laser that shot-peening laser instrument and/or heating laser produce;
The laser energy of the laser that shot-peening laser instrument and/or heating laser produce;
The sweep speed of the laser that shot-peening laser instrument and/or heating laser produce;
The track while scan of the laser that shot-peening laser instrument and/or heating laser produce;
The hot spot relative position of the laser that shot-peening laser instrument and heating laser produce.
Preferably, the side (front) that described workpiece 10 is corresponding to shot-peening laser instrument is provided with cover layer on the surface.
Preferably, described cover layer adopts heat resistant adhesive tape.
Preferably, described heat resistant adhesive tape is black belt.
According to another aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of hot auxiliary laser contour peening method, adopt above-mentioned hot auxiliary laser contour peening device, comprise the steps:
According to the processing request of processing parts, simulating cutting track, calculates the technological parameter of shot-peening laser instrument and/or heating laser, formation control program in central control processor;
Central control processor controls shot-peening laser instrument and heating laser is opened simultaneously:
Shot-peening laser instrument is launched high-energy short-pulse laser and by light spot adjusting device irradiation cover layer on the surface of the workpiece, is formed shot-peening point, and described cover layer converts pressure surge to the laser energy absorbed and acts on workpiece, realizes workpiece deformation;
Heating laser is launched continuous irradiation laser and is heated at the back side of shot-peening point, and what make workpiece reaches uniform temperature, and then improves the plastic property of workpiece, increases deflection.
Preferably, described hot auxiliary laser contour peening method, also comprise following any one or appoint multiple step:
Pretreatment is carried out to workpiece, surface of the work is carried out being polished to certain roughness, use alcohol or acetone cleaning workpiece surface grease and dirt, then dry;
Pretreated trade union college is positioned on fixture, adopts water as restraint layer, workpiece is processed;
Form sample after work pieces process, roughness, damage and deformation examination are carried out to specimen surface, according to requirements post processing is carried out to specimen surface.
Preferably, described roughness is Ra1.6.
Preferably, the cover layer on described surface of the work realizes in the following manner:
Heat resistant adhesive tape on surface of the work is pasted, requires between heat resistant adhesive tape and surface of the work to fit completely.
Preferably, the high power nanosecoud pulse laser that described shot-peening laser instrument adopts, its pulse ceiling capacity is 2 ~ 10J, and pulsewidth is 5 ~ 50ns; Described heating laser adopts continuous pulse laser.
Preferably, the heating-up temperature of described heating laser is lower than the material phase transformation temperature of workpiece.
Hot auxiliary laser contour peening method and apparatus provided by the invention, in order to laser auxiliary heating is applied among laser shot forming, ensure the validity of laser peening simultaneously, adopt laser auxiliary heating and laser peening carry out simultaneously and are in workpiece both sides to shape workpiece.Owing to heating the regional area of laser peening, the energy that can effectively utilize in this way, and the material after processing has good surface property and high-temperature stability, thus efficiently solve the processing and manufacturing problem of the sheet material of high-strength high-performance, meet the demand that industry manufactures such materials processing.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, the present invention adopts high energy pulse laser beam to implement contour peening to plate, and be a kind of non-contacting shaping, profiled surface is without obvious mechanical damage, and surface roughness is low.Drip molding surface quality improves, and there is residual stress on surface, and anti-fatigue performance and anti-stress corrosion performance can be made significantly to improve.
2, by controlling laser parameter and interaction trajectory, the Stress Field Distribution controlling surface of the work implements sheet forming.And these parameters can by computer Simulation calculation controlling accurately, thus this technical process reproducible, easily realize automated production, precision is high.
3, adopt black belt as absorbed layer, water is as restraint layer.Water has the effect of cooling, and the temperature of absorbed layer can be made to be unlikely to too high, protection absorbed layer, avoids in the defect with absorbed layer destructible when shot-peening and heating, thus ensure that the quality of contour peening.
4, while laser peening, carry out LASER HEATING, the deflection of workpiece can be increased, the scope of expanded laser light contour peening.Can change in the performance of the material of high temperature, yield strength and elastic modelling quantity reduce, and compare and are used alone laser shot forming, and its deflection is larger, and accommodation is wider.
5, because the influence range of stress of each laser peening is certain region, thus entirety adds heat waster energy in advance, and the temperature of workpiece can not keep constant.So adopt backside laser, simultaneously mode of heating can effective control temperature, has uniformity in the change of the temperature of each shot-peening point.Adopt the mode of single point laser heating, can economize energy, precise control of temperature.Therefore the method is a kind of technique efficiently.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By reading the detailed description done non-limiting example with reference to the following drawings, other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more obvious:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention's hot auxiliary laser contour peening device.
In figure: 1 is central control processor, 2 is heating laser processor, and 3 is thermal laser device, 4 is light guide member, and 5 is laser head position adjustments controller, and 6 is laser head clamping device, 7 is laser head, and 8 is workbench, and 9 is fixture, 10 is workpiece, and 11 is sprinkler head, and 12 is light spot adjusting device, 13 is guide path, and 14 is water pump, and 15 is shot-peening laser instrument, 16 is shot-peening laser controller, and 17 is workbench controller.
Detailed description of the invention
Below embodiments of the invention are elaborated: the present embodiment premised on technical scheme in content of the present invention under implement, give detailed embodiment and concrete operating process.It should be pointed out that to those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment
Present embodiments provide a kind of hot auxiliary laser contour peening method and apparatus.Wherein:
The hot auxiliary laser contour peening method that the present embodiment provides, comprise the steps:: the processing request according to processing parts passes through computer Simulation calculation machining locus, calculate the parameter of laser peening (shot-peening laser instrument) and local LASER HEAT auxiliary (heating laser), described parameter mainly comprises: the relative position of spot size, laser energy, sweep speed, track while scan and two hot spots, writes the control program of central control processor according to this.Central control processor controls two laser instruments (shot-peening laser instrument and heating laser) and opens simultaneously, shot-peening laser instrument is launched high-energy short-pulse laser and is passed through on light spot adjusting device irradiation cover layer on the surface of the workpiece, cover layer becomes pressure surge to act on workpiece the power conversion absorbed, and realizes distortion.The laser of heating laser irradiation heats at the back side of shot-peening point, and what make workpiece reaches uniform temperature, improves workpiece plastic property, increases deflection.
Also comprise the steps:
The workpiece of processing needs to carry out pretreatment.Surface of the work needs to be polished to certain roughness, then that surface of the work grease and Fouling Cleaning is clean and dry.
Surface of the work pastes upper heat resistant adhesive tape (black belt) as absorbed layer, adhesive tape and surface of the work should evenly, good fit.
Heating-up temperature needs to control do not produce surface damage in heating and produce for the disadvantageous tissue of Forming Workpiece performance.Such as, the heating-up temperature of heating laser, lower than the material phase transformation temperature of workpiece, is avoided coarse grains, scorch and micro-crack occur.
Be specially:
Processing request according to processing parts passes through computer Simulation calculation machining locus, and coding;
Workpiece pretreatment, is undertaken being polished to certain roughness Ra1.6 by surface of the work, uses alcohol or acetone cleaning workpiece surface grease and dirt, then dry.
The adhesive tape of resistance to thermal blanket on surface of the work is pasted, is preferably black belt, adhesive tape and surface of the work should evenly, good fit, should not leave bubble and other particles; The stickup of adhesive tape should not have impact to the size of clamping and hot spot.
Pretreated trade union college is positioned on fixture.Control two laser instruments by controller to start, adopt water as restraint layer, workpiece is processed; Adopt special fixture to position and clamping workpiece, positioning workpieces is in Working position, and the installation of workpiece adopts one end to fix one end cantilever beam mounting means freely.By the working table movement of computer controlled positioning workpieces processed, the track of motion is by the requirement of being out of shape and processing parameter setting.
Control two laser instruments by central control processor to move, there are cover layer and restraint layer in workpiece front simultaneously, produces shot-peening effect; Back side processing is laser heat action, and two place's laser are opened simultaneously and stop.Adopt water as restraint layer, restraint layer should in the overall process of shot-peening to shot-peening Vertex cover, and uniform fluid flow, no person may produce ablation adverse effect.While processing, reply equipment and periphery have safeguard measure.Water as restraint layer should be avoided causing adverse effect to optical mirror slip and surrounding environment, and when laser instrument runs, reply surrounding people has safeguard measure.
Form sample after work pieces process, roughness, damage and deformation examination are carried out to specimen surface, according to requirements post processing is carried out to specimen surface.
What the present embodiment provided comprises for the hot auxiliary laser contour peening device realizing said method: laser peening laser instrument and light path part, heating laser and light path part thereof, work piece holder control section, other parts.
Shot-peening laser instrument, adopt Nd:YAG solid state laser, pulse ceiling capacity is 1J-15J (being preferably 2J-10J), and pulsewidth is 5-50ns (being preferably 5-25ns), sweep speed 4 ~ 16mm/s, overlapping rate 20% ~ 80%, spot size 1 ~ 4mm.Guide path and the light spot adjusting device of shot-peening laser component control laser beam, make the light beam of arrival surface of the work meet the requirement of quality and size.Heating laser adopts continuous wave laser, and and between laser head, adopt optical fiber to carry out leaded light as light guide member, its laser head position adjustments controller controls the size of hot spot and position.
Work piece holder control section controls workpiece motion s, forms machining locus.And shot-peening laser instrument and heating laser lay respectively at the both sides (front and back) of workpiece, and be on same horizontal line or the corresponding distance that staggers, in process, be in stationary state.
Be specially:
Described hot auxiliary laser contour peening device, comprises shot-peening laser instrument and light path part, heating laser and light path part thereof, work piece holder control section, other parts.Shot-peening laser instrument and light path part thereof comprise: shot-peening laser controller 16, shot-peening laser instrument 15, guide path 13, light spot adjusting device 12.Its laser instrument is solid type pulse laser, operation material Nd:YAG.The laser of the high power section pulse that laser instrument produces, is radiated surface of the work by guide path 13, light spot adjusting device 12.Heating laser and light path part thereof comprise: heating laser controller 2, heating laser 3, light guide member 4, laser head 5.What heating laser adopted is continuous wave laser, and light guide member can adopt optical fiber, output wavelength 1070nm.The superlaser that heating laser produces is delivered to laser head by optical fiber 4, and the beam irradiation of focusing heats workpiece at surface of the work.Work piece holder control system comprises: workbench 8, special fixture 9, workbench controller 17.Workbench controller can control workbench and move in three dimensions, forms shot-peening track.Laser head position-regulation portion is divided and is comprised: laser head position adjustments controller 5, laser head clamping device 6.Laser head position adjustments controller controls laser head and does intermittent movement in plane, ensures that and shot-peening point synchronous at hot spot or hot spot are ahead of shot-peening point.Other parts comprise: sprinkler head 11, water pump 14, central control processor 1.Store program prepared in advance in central controller controls, control each several part coordinated movement of various economic factors.
Shot-peening laser instrument and heating laser lay respectively at the both sides of workpiece.In process, the Working position of two laser radiations on workpiece keeps synchronous, or keeps lag or lead according to processing request, and opens simultaneously and stop.
According to the shaping form requirement of workpiece, by computer Simulation calculation machining locus and technological parameter, and coding, form the control program of central control processor, central control processor drives workpiece motion s by controlling light path motion or controlling workbench, produces laser peening and laser auxiliary heating track respectively on workpiece two surfaces.
Sprinkler head and shot-peening laser instrument are in the same side, and water, as restraint layer, ensures that the temperature of absorbed layer is unlikely too high.The too high meeting of temperature of absorbed layer makes its calcination damaged, and then loses the effect of absorbed layer.
The adhesive tape of resistance to thermal blanket on surface of the work is pasted, is preferably black belt, adhesive tape and surface of the work should evenly, good fit, should not leave bubble and other particles.
Details and the working condition of the concrete device that the present invention proposes is described in detail below in conjunction with diagram.
The hot auxiliary laser contour peening device that the present embodiment provides, comprises shot-peening laser instrument and light path part, heating laser and light path part thereof, work piece holder control section, laser head position adjustments part and other parts.Shot-peening laser instrument and light path part thereof comprise: shot-peening laser controller 16, shot-peening laser instrument 15, guide path 13, light spot adjusting device 12.Its laser instrument is solid type Nd:YAG pulse laser.Heating laser also has corresponding a few part: heating laser processor 2, heating laser 3, light guide member (optical fiber) 4, laser head 7.What heating laser adopted is continuous wave laser, and output wavelength is 1070nm, and mean power is 250W.Work piece holder control system comprises: workbench 8, special fixture 9, workbench controller 17.Workbench controller can control workbench and move in three dimensions, form shot-peening track, and laser instrument maintains static.Laser head position-regulation portion is divided and is comprised: laser head position adjustments controller 5, laser head clamping device 6, this part controls the motion of laser head, and the position ensureing heating laser effect is relative with the position of shot-peening point constant and not by the impact of workpiece path all the time.Other parts comprise: sprinkler head 11, water pump 14, central control processor 1.Central control processor controls each several part coordinated movement of various economic factors.
The hot auxiliary laser contour peening that the present embodiment provides, its course of work is as follows:
Being deposited into programmed in calculator 1.Program package is containing the track of working table movement, and track to be fitted by computer mould according to deformation requirements and deformation characteristic and calculates.
Workpiece 10 is through grinding and polishing scrubbing pretreatment and be stained with adhesive tape, is fixed on workbench 17 by special fixture 9, and shot-peening laser instrument 15 and heating laser 3 start and prepare, and water pump 14 is opened, and uniform fluid flow is consistent and accurately cover shot-peening point.Protector is in protection state
Open shot-peening laser instrument and heating laser by central processing unit 1, workbench controller 17 controls workbench 8 and moves, and starts to process workpiece.Laser-head regulating device controls the position motion of heating laser head, makes the position of hot spot synchronous, advanced or lag behind the position of shot-peening point all the time.
Workpiece after processing carries out topography measurement and performance test, tests to its quality.
The hot auxiliary laser contour peening method and apparatus that the present embodiment provides, relates to machine-building and the laser application of materials processing, refers in particular to a kind of apparatus and method of local laser heating auxiliary laser contour peening of sheet metal.Hot auxiliary laser contour peening device is graded by laser auxiliary heating part, laser peening part, work piece holder control section and laser head position-regulation portion and forms.Laser shot forming is a kind of noncontact manufacturing process, can improve workpiece fatigue resistance, but bending forming heavy-gauge sheeting and high-strength panel difficulty are greatly, and forming efficiency is difficult to ensure.In the present embodiment, laser peening and LASER HEATING synchronously, carry out laser peening in the front of workpiece, the backside laser heating simultaneously in laser peening position.Laser peening produces impulsive force and makes it produce flexural deformation and produce residual stress on surface.Due to the effect of backside laser single-point heating, the yield strength of the material of laser peening position reduces, and material plasticity resistance of deformation reduces; Local laser adds thermogenetic thermal expansion meeting in the generation stretching strain of laser peening position simultaneously, is conducive to increasing further impacting plastic deformation, thus bending deformation quantity increasing, the residual stress heat endurance raising of workpiece.Auxiliary laser contour peening method extends scope and the application of Laser Processing, reduces the figuration manufacture cost of slab and high-strength plate, in the shaping of the workpiece such as titanium alloy, thick aluminium sheet, has extensive use.
Above specific embodiments of the invention are described.It is to be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various distortion or amendment within the scope of the claims, and this does not affect flesh and blood of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a hot auxiliary laser contour peening device, is characterized in that, comprises shot-peening laser instrument and light path part, heating laser and light path part thereof, work piece holder control section, water emitting portion, central control processor part; Wherein:
Described shot-peening laser instrument and light path part thereof comprise: shot-peening laser controller (16), shot-peening laser instrument (15), guide path (13) and light spot adjusting device (12); Described shot-peening laser controller (16) and shot-peening laser instrument (15) control connection, the pulse laser that described shot-peening laser instrument (15) produces is passed to light spot adjusting device (12) by guide path (13), and is radiated workpiece (10) surface after being regulated by light spot adjusting device (12);
Described heating laser and light path part thereof comprise: heating laser controller (2), heating laser (3), light guide member (4), laser head (7) and laser head position adjustments part, described heating laser controller (2) and heating laser (3) control connection, the continuous laser that described heating laser (3) produces is passed to laser head (7) by light guide member (4), and workpiece (10) is heated on workpiece (10) surface by laser head (7) formation focused beam irradiation, described laser head position-regulation portion is divided and is comprised: laser head position adjustments controller (5) and laser head clamping device (6), described laser head position adjustments controller (5) and laser head clamping device (6) control connection, described laser head clamping device (6) is for clamping laser head (7), and under the regulable control of laser head position adjustments controller (5), control laser head (7) do intermittent movement in plane,
Described work piece holder control section comprises: workbench (8), fixture (9) and workbench controller (17); Described workbench controller (17) and workbench (8) control connection, move in three dimensions for controlling workbench (8), forms shot-peening track; Described fixture (9) is installed on workbench (8);
Described water emitting portion comprises: sprinkler head (11) and water pump (14), described sprinkler head (11) is connected to the front end of water pump (14), and being positioned at shot-peening laser instrument and light path part side thereof, the current that described sprinkler head (11) produces accurately cover shot-peening point;
Described central control processor part comprises: central control processor (1), described central control processor respectively with shot-peening laser controller (16), heating laser controller (2), workbench controller (17) and laser head position adjustments controller (5) control connection, control shot-peening laser instrument and heating laser and synchronously open and close, and control the coordinated movement of various economic factors between each several part;
Described shot-peening laser instrument and heating laser lay respectively at the front and back of workpiece.
2. hot auxiliary laser contour peening device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described heating laser (3) hot spot on workpiece is synchronized with the shot-peening point of shot-peening laser instrument (15) on workpiece or heating laser (3) hot spot on workpiece is ahead of the shot-peening point of shot-peening laser instrument (15) on workpiece.
3. hot auxiliary laser contour peening device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described central control processor (1) is according to the shaping form requirement of workpiece, simulating cutting track and technological parameter, formation control program, and control shot-peening laser controller (16) by control program, heating laser controller (2) and/or workbench controller (17), and then control shot-peening laser instrument (15), heating laser (3) and/or workbench (8) motion, two surfaces relative on workpiece produce laser peening and laser auxiliary heating track respectively.
4. hot auxiliary laser contour peening device according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described technological parameter or comprise following any one or appoint multinomial:
The spot size of the laser that shot-peening laser instrument and/or heating laser produce;
The laser energy of the laser that shot-peening laser instrument and/or heating laser produce;
The sweep speed of the laser that shot-peening laser instrument and/or heating laser produce;
The track while scan of the laser that shot-peening laser instrument and/or heating laser produce;
The hot spot relative position of the laser that shot-peening laser instrument and heating laser produce.
5. hot auxiliary laser contour peening device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the front face surface of described workpiece (10) is provided with cover layer.
6. a hot auxiliary laser contour peening method, is characterized in that, adopts the hot auxiliary laser contour peening device according to any one of claim 1 to 5, comprises the steps:
According to the processing request of processing parts, simulating cutting track, calculates the technological parameter of shot-peening laser instrument and/or heating laser, formation control program in central control processor;
Central control processor controls shot-peening laser instrument and heating laser is opened simultaneously:
Shot-peening laser instrument is launched short-pulse laser and by light spot adjusting device irradiation cover layer on the surface of the workpiece, is formed shot-peening point, and described cover layer converts pressure surge to the laser energy absorbed and acts on workpiece, realizes workpiece deformation;
Heating laser is launched continuous irradiation laser and is heated at the back side of shot-peening point, and what make workpiece reaches uniform temperature, and then improves the plastic property of workpiece, increases deflection.
7. hot auxiliary laser contour peening method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, also comprise following any one or appoint multiple step:
Pretreatment is carried out to workpiece, surface of the work is carried out being polished to certain roughness, use alcohol or acetone cleaning workpiece surface grease and dirt, then dry;
Pretreated trade union college is positioned on fixture, adopts water as restraint layer, workpiece is processed;
Form sample after work pieces process, roughness, damage and deformation examination are carried out to specimen surface, according to requirements post processing is carried out to specimen surface.
8. hot auxiliary laser contour peening method according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described roughness is Ra1.6.
9. hot auxiliary laser contour peening method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the cover layer on described surface of the work realizes in the following manner:
Heat resistant adhesive tape on surface of the work is pasted, requires between heat resistant adhesive tape and surface of the work to fit completely.
10. hot auxiliary laser contour peening method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described shot-peening laser instrument adopts nanosecoud pulse laser, and the pulse ceiling capacity of described nanosecoud pulse laser is 2 ~ 10J, and pulsewidth is 5 ~ 50ns; Described heating laser adopts continuous pulse laser; The heating-up temperature of described heating laser is lower than the material phase transformation temperature of workpiece.
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