CN105027799A - Rhizomatic crop harvester - Google Patents
Rhizomatic crop harvester Download PDFInfo
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- CN105027799A CN105027799A CN201510535006.3A CN201510535006A CN105027799A CN 105027799 A CN105027799 A CN 105027799A CN 201510535006 A CN201510535006 A CN 201510535006A CN 105027799 A CN105027799 A CN 105027799A
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- root
- crop harvester
- vibratory sieve
- frame
- rack
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rhizomatic crop harvester. The rhizomatic crop harvester comprises a rack, a scraper knife located at the front end of the rack and a vibrating screen located on the rear middle portion of the rack; the two sides of the front end of the rack are each provided with a vertical rotating roller, and gaps are reserved between the rotating rollers and rack; at least one pair of annular child and mother sealing parts are arranged in the rotating rollers and located in gaps between bearing pedestals and bearing pedestal shafts, the exteriors of the child and mother sealing parts are in interference fit with the bearing pedestals, and the bearing pedestal shafts are arranged in central holes of the child and mother sealing parts; the scraper knife is in the shape of a trapezoid, a knife edge and a knife back serve as the two bottom edges of the trapezoid, and the knife back is longer than the knife edge; an outer transmission wheel of the vibrating screen is fixed on a side plate of the rack through a flange, and a sliding groove structure for fixing the flange is arranged on the side plate of the rack and comprises a transmission shaft position regulation groove and bolt position regulation grooves. The harvester is suitable for various soil types, the crop and soil separation effect is good, the harvesting rate is higher than 99 percent, and the breakage rate is lower than 1 percent; crops are concentrated after falling to the ground and easy to harvest, grass cannot block the harvester, and the service life is long.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment, be specifically related to a kind of root-tuber crop harvester.
Background technology
Root-tuber crop comprises potato, pachyrhizus, peanut, garlic, carrot etc., accounts for the large percentage of all crops of China.Particularly potato, from January, 2015, country starts to try hard to recommend potato staple food grainization strategy, become the fourth-largest staple food grain crop after rice, wheat, corn, potato cultivated area will progressively expand 1.5 hundred million mu to, expect the year two thousand twenty, and the potato of China more than 50% will consume as staple food grain.Traditional farming mainly gathers in the crops root-tuber crop by hand digging, and peasant's labour intensity is large, and efficiency of crop is low.Harvest machinery was promoted gradually in recent years in establishing in large scale district, but mostly there is following problem in these harvest machineries: it is poor that (1) soil adapts to, zones of different, weather conditions and crop specie difference cause soil characteristics to vary, and existing machinery all cannot adapt to these different soil environments, cause cannot normally working in some cases; (2) separating effect of soil and crops is not good; (3) utilization percent is limited, and breakage rate is higher; (4) crops of gathering in the crops out easily disperse, and add difficulty for collecting.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem, the present invention devises a kind of novel root-tuber crop grain header, and to solve, existing harvest machinery soil suitability is poor, crops and Soil separation effect is poor, utilization percent is low, breakage rate is high and the crops of gathering in the crops out disperse problem.
A kind of root-tuber crop harvester, comprises frame, is positioned at the perching knife of frame front end and is positioned at the vibratory sieve of frame postmedian, arrange vertical live-rollers respectively, leave space between live-rollers and frame in the both sides of frame front end; Be provided with at least one pair of ring-shaped primary-secondary seal in live-rollers, be positioned at the space of bearing block and bearing block between centers, the outside of primary and secondary seal and bearing block are interference fit, and bearing block axle is arranged in primary and secondary seal centre bore; Described perching knife shape is trapezoidal, and blade and the knife back are two trapezoidal bases, and the knife back is longer than blade; The outer drive of described vibratory sieve is fixed on framework lateral plate by flange, framework lateral plate is provided with the sliding tray structure of mounting flange, and sliding tray structure comprises power transmission shaft position adjustment tank and bolt position adjustment tank.
Above-mentioned trapezoidal perching knife is relative to the design of rectangle perching knife in prior art, advance resistance can be reduced on the one hand, crops seedling and weeds can slide to reaping machine both sides along the hypotenuse of perching knife on the other hand, live-rollers is coordinated to use, seedling can be with to gather in the crops, prevent from seedling and weeds to be wound into impact on reaping machine to use, therefore also can relievedly use in the place that weeds are more.
The power transmission shaft of above-mentioned outer drive passes the centre bore of flange, and can rotate in centre bore; Power transmission shaft is through power transmission shaft position adjustment tank simultaneously, and power transmission shaft can along this groove slide anteroposterior.Flange is by being bolted on side plate through bolt position adjustment tank, and bolt can along this groove slide anteroposterior.Due to reaping machine after a certain period of use time, gypsy chain can loosen, at this moment, pass through release bolt, power transmission shaft is made to be adjusted to along power transmission shaft position adjustment tank the position making gypsy chain again be in tensioning state, power transmission shaft drives flange motion, after being adjusted to correct position, is retightened the position of flange and power transmission shaft by the bolt of flange.
The lower rear of frame arranges rear ridge roller, and rear ridge roller is connected in frame in hinged way.Described rear ridge roller is regulated by the articulated elements of connection frame and rear ridge roller relative to the position on ground.When gathering in root-tuber crop, as potato, pachyrhizus, peanut, garlic, carrot, crops on machine, and are sieved to the rear of reaping machine by crop harvesting by the front end of reaping machine by vibratory sieve.Owing to having ridge between each piece of ground, the both sides on ridge are provided with furrow, and furrow is downward recess, the crops of therefore gathering in the crops can be rolled in furrow, and the wheel of reaping machine seesaws along furrow just, therefore the wheel of reaping machine can be pressed onto the crops in furrow, causes damaging some crops by pressure.By arranging this rear ridge roller, the crops fallen being flattened, place it and be rolled in furrow from vibratory sieve.The front and back high and low position of rear ridge roller is adjustable, therefore can regulate according to the crop specie of actual cut and quantity.
Three roller vibrating devices are set between the gypsy chain of described vibratory sieve.By the rotation of three roller vibrating devices, realize the vibration of vibratory sieve.Vibrating device of the prior art is all two rollers, and Oscillation Amplitude is large, can cause vibration damage to crops, and by three roller vibrating devices, can reduce the amplitude of vibratory sieve.
The front upper of frame arranges motor, controls the rotation of live-rollers, the rotation of vibratory sieve and vibration.
The transmission mechanism of live-rollers arranges as follows: the output shaft of motor is connected with line shaft by chain, and line shaft drives live-rollers to rotate.
The transmission mechanism of vibratory sieve arranges as follows: the output shaft of motor is connected with the outer drive of vibratory sieve by chain, this outer drive is positioned at the outside of framework lateral plate, and be connected with moving runner with the inner driving wheel be positioned at inside framework lateral plate by power transmission shaft, inner driving wheel is between side plate and moving runner, and inner driving wheel is connected with three roller vibrating devices.Outer drive drives vibratory sieve moving runner rotate thus vibratory sieve is rotated on the one hand, drives inner driving wheel to rotate on the other hand thus drive three roller vibrating devices to rotate to make shaker vibration.
Described live-rollers is arranged at least one vertical fin, live-rollers operationally plays the effect seedling of crops and weeds swept away, and fin can increase winding dynamics, and that improves seedling and weeds sweeps away rate.
Described primary and secondary seal is combined by the component of annular and the parent part of annular, and the annular inboard of component is provided with flange, and the annular outboard of parent part is provided with flange, and when component and parent part coordinate, the direction of two flanges in opposite directions, annular box-like of the formation one that combines.The setting of primary and secondary seal can improve the sealing of live-rollers, and prevent outside dust from entering in the bearing of live-rollers, in certain scope, the more sealing effectiveness of quantity of primary and secondary seal are better.
Described primary and secondary seal is stainless steel, compared to conventional quality of rubber materials, is more suitable for being applied in reaping machine of the present invention, can extends the service life of reaping machine.
Respectively on two side plates at described frame rear portion fix one piece and collect baffle plate, collect baffle plate and be positioned at the rear portion of vibratory sieve, and height is higher than the height of vibratory sieve, two pieces of rear portions of collecting baffle plates form the trend of drawing in inside reaping machine.Collect baffle plate to draw in the crops of carrying from vibratory sieve, concentrate in a row when making it land, avoid tumbling to both sides.
The below of described collection baffle plate also arranges the YIPAISHU tooth being fixed on and collecting on baffle plate, and the distance between two row's comb is less than the distance between two collection baffle plates.Comb plays further gathering effect to crops, and reduces the free-falling height of crops, reduces crops damage.
Distance between described collection baffle plate and the side plate at its place regulates by collecting damper regulator, so that the gathering degree as required needed for adjustment.
Relative to prior art, root-tuber crop harvester of the present invention has the following advantages: (1) is applicable to multiple soil types, as sandy soil, sandy loam, middle cohesive soil etc.; (2) adopt three roller vibrational systems, crops and native good separating effect, utilization percent is higher than 99%, and breakage rate is lower than 1%; (3) afterwards ridge roller and collect baffle design, reduce crops damage, the rear crops that land concentrate, easily gather in the crops; (4) efficiency is high, and not stifled grass, leaks soil fast, long service life.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 root-tuber crop harvester stereogram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 root-tuber crop harvester rearview of the present invention;
The A-A face cutaway view of Fig. 3 Fig. 2;
Ridge roller enlarged drawing after Fig. 4;
Fig. 5 live-rollers cutaway view;
The A portion enlarged drawing of Fig. 6 Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 primary and secondary seal exploded view;
Fig. 8 frame schematic diagram;
Fig. 9 sliding tray component operation view.
In figure, 1-live-rollers; 2-connecting plate; 3-perching knife; 4-fin; 5-line shaft; 6-hitch frame; 7-motor; 8-output shaft; 9-tri-roller vibrating device; 10-vibratory sieve; 11-moving runner; 12-collects baffle plate; 13-comb; 14-collects damper regulator; The outer drive of 15-; Ridge roller after 16-; 17-power transmission shaft; 18-articulated elements; 21-bearing block; 22-bearing block axle; 23-primary and secondary seal; 24-parent part; 25-component; 26-bolt position adjustment tank; 27-power transmission shaft position adjustment tank; 28-flange; 29-bolt; 30-chain; 31-side plate.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further details.
Root-tuber crop harvester as shown in Figure 1-2, comprise frame (shown in Fig. 8), be positioned at the perching knife 3 of frame front end and be positioned at the vibratory sieve 10 of frame postmedian, in the both sides of frame front end, vertical live-rollers 1 is set respectively, space is left between live-rollers 1 and frame, space can allow crops seedling and weeds to pass, two live-rollers 1 are connected with line shaft 5, and line shaft 5 is connected with motor 7; Three pairs of ring-shaped primary-secondary seals 23 (Fig. 5-7) are provided with in live-rollers 1, be positioned at the space between bearing block 21 and bearing block axle 22, the outside of primary and secondary seal 23 and bearing block 21 are in interference fit, and bearing block axle 22 is arranged in primary and secondary seal 23 centre bore.
Perching knife 3 shape is trapezoidal, and as shown in Figure 1, blade and the knife back are two trapezoidal bases, and the knife back is longer than blade.Relative to the design of rectangle perching knife 3 in prior art, this trapezoidal perching knife 3 one aspect can reduce advance resistance, crops seedling and weeds can slide to reaping machine both sides along the hypotenuse of perching knife 3 on the other hand, live-rollers 1 is coordinated to use, seedling can be with to gather in the crops, prevent from seedling and weeds to be wound into impact on reaping machine to use, therefore also can relievedly use in the place that weeds are more.
As Figure 8-9, the outer drive 15 of vibratory sieve 10 is fixed on framework lateral plate 31 by flange 28, framework lateral plate 31 is provided with the sliding tray structure of mounting flange 28, and sliding tray structure comprises power transmission shaft position adjustment tank 27 and bolt position adjustment tank 26.The power transmission shaft 17 of outer drive 15 passes the centre bore of flange 28, and can rotate in centre bore; Power transmission shaft 17 is through power transmission shaft position adjustment tank 27 simultaneously, and power transmission shaft 17 can along this groove slide anteroposterior.Flange 28 is fixed on side plate 31 by the bolt 29 through bolt position adjustment tank 26, and bolt 29 can along this groove slide anteroposterior.Due to reaping machine after a certain period of use time, gypsy chain can loosen, at this moment, by release bolt 29, power transmission shaft 17 is made to be adjusted to along power transmission shaft position adjustment tank 27 position making gypsy chain again be in tensioning state, power transmission shaft 17 drives flange 28 to move, and after being adjusted to correct position, is retightened the position of flange 28 and power transmission shaft 17 by the bolt 29 of flange 28.
As shown in Figure 3-4, the lower rear of frame arranges rear ridge roller 16, and rear ridge roller 16 is connected in frame in hinged way.Rear ridge roller 16 is regulated by the articulated elements 18 of connection frame and rear ridge roller 16 relative to the position on ground.When gathering in root-tuber crop, as potato, pachyrhizus, peanut, garlic, carrot, crops on machine, and are sieved to the rear of reaping machine by crop harvesting by the front end of reaping machine by vibratory sieve 10.Owing to having ridge between each piece of ground, the both sides on ridge are provided with furrow, and furrow is downward recess, the crops of therefore gathering in the crops can be rolled in furrow, and the wheel of reaping machine seesaws along furrow just, therefore the wheel of reaping machine can be pressed onto the crops in furrow, causes damaging some crops by pressure.By arranging this rear ridge roller 16, the crops fallen being flattened, prevent it to be rolled in furrow from vibratory sieve 10.The front and back high and low position of rear ridge roller 16 is adjustable, therefore can regulate according to the crop specie of actual cut and quantity.
As shown in Figure 3, between the gypsy chain of vibratory sieve 10, three roller vibrating devices 9 are set.By the rotation of three roller vibrating devices 9, realize the vibration of vibratory sieve 10.Vibrating device of the prior art is all two rollers, and Oscillation Amplitude is large, can cause vibration damage to crops, and by three roller vibrating devices 9, can reduce the amplitude of vibratory sieve 10.
The front upper of frame arranges motor 7, controls the rotation of live-rollers 1, the rotation of vibratory sieve 10 and vibration.
The transmission mechanism of live-rollers 1 arranges as follows: the output shaft 8 of motor 7 is connected with line shaft 5 by chain, and line shaft 5 drives live-rollers 1 to rotate.
The transmission mechanism of vibratory sieve 10 arranges as follows: the output shaft 8 of motor 7 is connected with the outer drive 15 of vibratory sieve 10 by chain, this outer drive 15 is positioned at the outside of framework lateral plate 31, and be connected with moving runner 11 with the inner driving wheel be positioned at inside framework lateral plate 31 by power transmission shaft 17, inner driving wheel is between side plate 31 and moving runner 11, and inner driving wheel is connected with three roller vibrating devices 9.Outer drive 15 1 aspect drives vibratory sieve 10 moving runner 11 rotate thus vibratory sieve 10 is rotated, and drives inner driving wheel to rotate on the other hand thus drive three roller vibrating devices 9 to rotate vibratory sieve 10 is vibrated.
Live-rollers 1 is arranged at least one vertical fin 4, live-rollers 1 operationally plays the effect seedling of crops and weeds swept away, and fin 4 can increase winding dynamics, and that improves seedling and weeds sweeps away rate.
As illustrated in figs. 5-7, primary and secondary seal 23 is combined by the component 25 of annular and the parent part 24 of annular, and the annular inboard of component 25 is provided with flange, and the annular outboard of parent part 24 is provided with flange, when component 25 and parent part 24 coordinate, the direction of two flanges in opposite directions, annular box-like of the formation one that combines.The setting of primary and secondary seal 23 can improve the sealing of live-rollers 1, and prevent outside dust from entering in the bearing of live-rollers 1, in certain scope, the more sealing effectiveness of quantity of primary and secondary seal 23 are better.
Primary and secondary seal 23 is stainless steel, compared to conventional quality of rubber materials, is more suitable for being applied in reaping machine of the present invention, can extends the service life of reaping machine.
Respectively on two side plates 31 at frame rear portion fix one piece and collect baffle plate 12, collect baffle plate 12 and be positioned at the rear portion of vibratory sieve 10, and height is higher than the height of vibratory sieve 10, two pieces of rear portions of collecting baffle plates 12 form the trend of drawing in inside reaping machine.Collect baffle plate 12 to draw in the crops of carrying from vibratory sieve 10, concentrate in a row when making it land, avoid tumbling to both sides.
Collect the below of baffle plate 12 also to arrange and be fixed on YIPAISHU tooth 13, two distance of arranging between comb 13 of collecting on baffle plate 12 and be less than distance between two collection baffle plates 12.Comb 13 pairs of crops play further gathering effect, and reduce the free-falling height of crops, reduce crops damage.
The distance of collecting between baffle plate 12 and the side plate 31 at its place regulates by collecting damper regulator 14, so that the gathering degree as required needed for adjustment.
During above-mentioned root-tuber crop harvester work, be fixed on tractor by hitch frame 6, the power of advance is provided by tractor.Rely on the power that motor 7 provides, live-rollers 1 and vibratory sieve 10 carry out rotation and vibration.In reaping machine advance process, the seedling on earth's surface and weeds etc. are brought to reaping machine both sides by live-rollers 1; Perching knife 3 enters under ground portion and excavates crops, excavate the crops that come up to mix soil and be delivered to vibratory sieve 10 through connecting plate 2, in the vibration processes of vibratory sieve 10, the soil of mixing can be shattered and leak to below from vibratory sieve 10, and crops are along with the rotational conveyance of vibratory sieve 10 is to the rear of reaping machine, fall earthward after the gathering decelerating effect of collecting baffle plate 12 and comb 13, the crops fallen flatten by rear ridge roller 16, prevent it to be rolled in furrow.Finally concentrate the crops that results ridge is piled up.
Claims (10)
1. a root-tuber crop harvester, comprise frame, be positioned at the perching knife (3) of frame front end and be positioned at the vibratory sieve (10) of frame postmedian, it is characterized in that, vertical live-rollers (1) is set respectively in the both sides of frame front end, between live-rollers (1) and frame, leaves space; At least one pair of ring-shaped primary-secondary seal (23) is provided with in live-rollers (1), be positioned at the space between bearing block (21) and bearing block axle (22), the outside of primary and secondary seal (23) and bearing block (21) are in interference fit, and bearing block axle (22) is arranged in primary and secondary seal (23) centre bore; Described perching knife (3) shape is trapezoidal, and blade and the knife back are two trapezoidal bases, and the knife back is longer than blade; The outer drive (15) of described vibratory sieve (10) is fixed on framework lateral plate (31) by flange (28), framework lateral plate (31) is provided with the sliding tray structure of mounting flange (28), sliding tray structure comprises power transmission shaft position adjustment tank (27) and bolt position adjustment tank (26).
2. root-tuber crop harvester according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the lower rear of frame arranges rear ridge roller (16), and rear ridge roller (16) is connected in frame in hinged way.
3. root-tuber crop harvester according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described rear ridge roller (16) is regulated by the articulated elements (18) of connection frame and rear ridge roller relative to the position on ground.
4. root-tuber crop harvester according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, arranges three roller vibrating devices (9) between the gypsy chain of described vibratory sieve (10).
5. root-tuber crop harvester according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the transmission mechanism of vibratory sieve (10) arranges as follows: the output shaft (8) of motor (7) is connected with the outer drive (15) of vibratory sieve (10) by chain, this outer drive (15) is positioned at the outside of framework lateral plate (31), and be connected with moving runner (11) with the inner driving wheel being positioned at framework lateral plate (31) inner side by power transmission shaft (17), inner driving wheel is positioned between side plate (31) and moving runner (11), inner driving wheel is connected with three roller vibrating devices (9).
6. root-tuber crop harvester according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described live-rollers (1) is arranged at least one vertical fin.
7. root-tuber crop harvester according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described primary and secondary seal (23) is combined by the component (25) of annular and the parent part (24) of annular, the annular inboard of component (25) is provided with flange, the annular outboard of parent part (24) is provided with flange, when component (25) and parent part (24) coordinate, the direction of two flanges in opposite directions, annular box-like of the formation one that combines.
8. root-tuber crop harvester according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described primary and secondary seal (23) is stainless steel.
9. root-tuber crop harvester according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, two side plates (31) at described frame rear portion are above each fixes one piece of collection baffle plate (12), collect the rear portion that baffle plate (12) is positioned at vibratory sieve (10), and height is higher than the height of vibratory sieve (10), two pieces of rear portions of collecting baffle plate (12) form the trend of drawing in inside reaping machine.
10. root-tuber crop harvester according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, the below of described collection baffle plate (12) also arranges the YIPAISHU tooth (13) being fixed on and collecting on baffle plate (12), and the distance between two rows' comb (13) is less than the distance between two collection baffle plates (12).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510535006.3A CN105027799A (en) | 2015-08-27 | 2015-08-27 | Rhizomatic crop harvester |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510535006.3A CN105027799A (en) | 2015-08-27 | 2015-08-27 | Rhizomatic crop harvester |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105027799A true CN105027799A (en) | 2015-11-11 |
Family
ID=54435296
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510535006.3A Pending CN105027799A (en) | 2015-08-27 | 2015-08-27 | Rhizomatic crop harvester |
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| CN (1) | CN105027799A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105359697A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-03-02 | 青岛农业大学 | Panax quinquefolius excavating and paving harvesting machine |
| CN114600619A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-06-10 | 成都宇亨智能科技有限公司 | Sectional type rhizome harvesting device |
| CN115226469A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-10-25 | 浙江挺能胜机械有限公司 | Harvester for efficiently collecting crops |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE19749772A1 (en) * | 1997-11-11 | 1999-05-12 | Johannes Welp | Potato harvesting and transport device |
| CN201639985U (en) * | 2010-01-04 | 2010-11-24 | 王刚 | Peanut harvesting machine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105359697A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-03-02 | 青岛农业大学 | Panax quinquefolius excavating and paving harvesting machine |
| CN114600619A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-06-10 | 成都宇亨智能科技有限公司 | Sectional type rhizome harvesting device |
| CN115226469A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-10-25 | 浙江挺能胜机械有限公司 | Harvester for efficiently collecting crops |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
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Application publication date: 20151111 |