CN105021648B - A kind of self-balancing pressurized liquid specific heat capacity measurement apparatus and method for reducing heat exchange - Google Patents
A kind of self-balancing pressurized liquid specific heat capacity measurement apparatus and method for reducing heat exchange Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105021648B CN105021648B CN201510430139.4A CN201510430139A CN105021648B CN 105021648 B CN105021648 B CN 105021648B CN 201510430139 A CN201510430139 A CN 201510430139A CN 105021648 B CN105021648 B CN 105021648B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fluid
- fluid reservoir
- measuring cell
- measured
- valve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 181
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of self-balancing pressurized liquid specific heat capacity measurement apparatus for reducing heat exchange, including interconnected pressure balance mechanism and measuring mechanism, the pressure balance mechanism includes：First fluid reservoir, feed tube, drain pipe, the second fluid reservoir, balance pipe and discharging tube；The measuring mechanism includes：Measuring cell, heating element heater, temperature sensor, heat-flow measurement element and pressure sensor；The invention also discloses a kind of specific heat of liquid measuring method；The present invention is by setting the second fluid reservoir, it will expand the fluid to be measured overflowed because heating when measuring from measuring cell and lead into the second fluid reservoir, significantly reduce convective mass exchange and corresponding heat exchange between fluid to be measured and fluid to be measured in measuring cell in drain pipe and the first fluid reservoir, the negative effect to fluid to be measured hot-fluid in measuring cell is substantially reduced, measuring accuracy is increased substantially.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to specific heat of liquid e measurement technology, more particularly to a kind of self-balancing pressurized liquid for reducing heat exchange
Specific heat capacity measurement apparatus and method.
Background technology
Specific heat capacity (specific heat capacity) is also known as specific heat capacity, and abbreviation specific heat (specific heat) is
The thermal capacity of unit mass material, the heat of absorption or release when being unit mass object change unit temperature.
The specific heat capacity of material is relevant with the process carried out.That is commonly used on engineer applied has specific heat at constant pressure Cp, constant volume
Three kinds of specific heat capacity Cv and saturation state specific heat capacity.
Specific heat at constant pressure Cp：Be unit mass material under conditions of pressure is constant, temperature rise or decline 1 DEG C or 1K
The energy for absorbing or releasing.
Specific heat at constant volume Cv：Be unit mass material under conditions of volume (volume) is constant, temperature rise or decline 1
DEG C or 1K absorb or release interior energy.
Saturation state specific heat capacity：Be unit mass material in certain saturation state, temperature rise or decline 1 DEG C or 1K institute
Absorb or liberated heat.
The specific heat capacity of liquid is to weigh the important indicator of liquid thermodynamic property, for the chemical products such as refrigerant, liquid
Thermodynamic computing of the specific heat capacity data for the foundation of their thermodynamic equation of states and in engineer applied all have can not or
Scarce significance.So the measure of specific heat of liquid is significant.
The chemical products such as many refrigerants belong to volatile material, normally boiling than relatively low, at normal temperatures and pressures for
Gaseous state is present.In order that this kind of chemical products are rendered as liquid in normal temperature and warm area higher above, they must just be pressurizeed
Processing.This is also the difference maximum with common liq liquid phase specific heat measurement of the chemical products liquid phase specific heat measurement such as refrigerant and maximum
Difficult point where.Relatively conventional method in the world, is to drive detected fluid in closed-loop path interior circulation by high-pressure pump at present,
Fluid flows through calorimeter and is heated.In the process, by measure fluid mass flow, pass in and out calorimeter the temperature difference and
It is the specific heat capacity that can obtain fluid under experimental pressure and experimental temperature to heat hot-fluid.This method structure is complex, key ginseng
The mass flow of number fluids is relatively difficult to accurately control and measure, and the method is once tested can only measure a temperature
Data under pressure.
In order to solve the above problems, publication No. discloses a kind of energy self-balancing for the A of CN 103837567 patent document and added
The liquid specific heat capacity measurement device of pressure, preferably solves the specific heat capacity that can not accurately measure volatile liquid of prior art
Problem.The method that this device is pressurizeed by balanced gas, to ensure in the experimentation within the scope of higher temperature, test solution
Body was in cold-zone all the time, and once heating experiment can obtain the specific heat capacity experiment number of whole heating zone under same pressure
According to.Simultaneously as the volume of fluid reservoir is much larger than the volume of measuring cell, fluid to be measured can remain system in temperature-rise period
Pressure stability by the heating expansion of measuring cell liquid without being influenceed, and the regulation of pressure is convenient to.
Although said apparatus accuracy is very high, compared with theoretical calculation, certain deviation is still suffered from, is tested
Gained specific heat ratio theory is slightly larger.This is due to that said apparatus is freely expanded into heating process fluid to be measured from measuring cell
It is hydraulically full all the time in measurement pool volume in pipeline, although the generation for so both having avoided bubble it also avoid the evaporation of liquid
Influence to measuring hot-fluid, but the drain pipe of measuring cell upper end and the first liquid storage fill in fluid to be measured and measuring cell in
Fluid to be measured is inevitably present convective mass exchange and the heat exchange along with generation.Although exchange capacity is small, still
Tremendous influence can be caused to accurate measurement.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of self-balancing pressurized liquid specific heat capacity measurement apparatus for reducing heat exchange, it is to avoid in heating
During fluid to be measured in measuring cell, the fluid to be measured of expansion overflows the low temperature in being filled after measuring cell with drain pipe and the first liquid storage
Convective mass exchange occurs for fluid to be measured, reduces the heat exchange in measuring cell pipeline, substantially reduces and measurement hot-fluid is produced
Negative effect, so as to increase substantially the accuracy of measurement.
A kind of self-balancing pressurized liquid specific heat capacity measurement apparatus for reducing heat exchange, including interconnected pressure balance
Mechanism and measuring mechanism, the pressure balance mechanism include：
First fluid reservoir；
Feed tube, is connected with the first fluid reservoir, and the feed tube is provided with the first valve；
Drain pipe, one end is connected with the first fluid reservoir, and the other end is connected with the measuring mechanism, and the drain pipe is provided with
Second valve；
The measuring mechanism includes：
Measuring cell, inlet is connected to accept the fluid to be measured from the first fluid reservoir with drain pipe；
Heating element heater, positioned at the outside of measuring cell, heats the measuring cell；
Temperature sensor, the temperature for determining measuring cell outer wall；
Heat-flow measurement element, is distributed in the outer wall of measuring cell, the heat flow signal for determining measuring cell；
Pressure sensor, the pressure for controlling measurement liquid；
The pressure balance mechanism also includes：
Second fluid reservoir；
Balance pipe, the first fluid reservoir of connection and the second fluid reservoir are so that air pressure in the first fluid reservoir and the second fluid reservoir
Identical, the balance pipe is provided with the 3rd valve；
Discharging tube, relative level is obliquely installed, and lower end is connected with the second fluid reservoir, and higher-end is with drain pipe close to survey
The connection of pond part is measured, for guiding remaining fluid to be measured in the first fluid reservoir to flow into the second fluid reservoir and guiding measuring pond
The fluid to be measured overflowed by heating expansion enters the second fluid reservoir, and the discharging tube is provided with the 4th valve.
The present invention is by setting the second fluid reservoir, in measurement process, guides remaining in the first fluid reservoir by discharging tube
Fluid to be measured flow into the second fluid reservoir, while going back in guiding measuring pond because of heating expansion and the fluid to be measured that overflows enters second
Fluid reservoir, so as to reduce the fluid to be measured and the quilt in drain pipe and the first fluid reservoir overflowed in measuring cell by heating expansion
Survey liquid and occur convective mass exchange and corresponding heat exchange, increase substantially the accuracy of measurement.
In order that the fluid to be measured of measuring cell discharge smooth can must enter the second fluid reservoir, it is preferred that the discharging tube
Angle of inclination be more than 10 °.Angle of inclination is bigger, and fluid to be measured is more easily discharged into the second fluid reservoir.
The higher-end of described discharging tube is connected to drain pipe close to measuring cell part, wherein close refer to lean on as much as possible
Closely, so that fluid to be measured one expands measuring cell and is put into the second fluid reservoir, but if discharging tube angle of inclination is excessive, then
The higher-end that discharging tube can be caused is difficult to be positioned close to the position of measuring cell, it is preferred, therefore, that the inclination angle of the discharging tube
Degree is less than 50 °.
When fluid to be measured be mixing liquid when because a variety of causes can cause mixing after each liquid proportion have it is micro
Change, in order to more accurately determine the ratio of each liquid in mixing liquid, it is preferred that the middle and lower part of first fluid reservoir is also set
There is probe tube, the probe tube is provided with the 5th valve.Fluid to be measured can be obtained from the first fluid reservoir by probe tube, surveyed
When measuring the specific heat capacity of mixing liquid, mixing liquid can be in control by sampling, and measure each liquid in more accurately mixing liquid
The ratio of body, it is to avoid the micro change of each liquid fraction after mixing.
In order to accurately control the pressure of fluid to be measured, it is preferred that the detecting head of the pressure sensor is arranged on drain pipe
It is interior.
Heating element heater can be heater strip or heating plate, and heating element heater can be directly fitted on measuring cell outer surface,
In order that measuring cell is uniformly heated, it is preferred that the measuring mechanism also includes being filled between heating element heater and measuring cell
Thermal insulation medium.It is preferred that, in addition to for accommodating the measuring cell, heating element heater, temperature sensor, heat-flow measurement element
Heater box, the madial wall of the heater box is evenly equipped with the heating element heater.
In order to cool down as early as possible, it is preferred that the outer wall counter offer of the heater box is wound with cooling tube.Cold medium is filled with to cooling tube
Heater box can be made to cool, cooling medium can be water, air or liquid nitrogen etc..
It is cold with one in the cooler bin in order to sufficiently cool, it is preferred that the heater box is located in the cooler bin of closing
But medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet.By being filled with cooling medium to cooler bin, heater box can be made to cool, cooling is situated between
Matter can be water, air or liquid nitrogen etc..
The invention also discloses a kind of specific heat of liquid measuring method, in measurement process, prevent because of heating from measurement
Pond expands the fluid to be measured and occurs convective mass exchange with the fluid to be measured in drain pipe and the first fluid reservoir, and reduction is close to survey
This corresponding heat exchange of part pipeline of pond is measured, so as to increase substantially the accuracy of measurement.
A kind of specific heat of liquid measuring method, is surveyed using the self-balancing pressurized liquid specific heat capacity of above-mentioned reduction heat exchange
Amount device is measured, and is comprised the following steps：
(1) second, third and the 4th valve are opened, first and second fluid reservoir and measuring cell is interconnected, by first and second
Fluid reservoir and measuring cell are vacuumized, and close the first valve, first and second fluid reservoir and measuring cell is constituted the cavity of a closing；
(2) measuring cell is uniformly heated by heating element heater, measured when determining inside measuring cell as vacuum state
The temperature signal T ＇ of the pond outer wall and heat flow signal HF of measuring cell outer wallblank；
(3) the inside of first and second fluid reservoir and measuring cell be vacuum state under, close the second valve, the 3rd valve and
4th valve, opens the first valve, fluid to be measured is filled into the first fluid reservoir, after fluid to be measured is stable, opens the second valve
Door, flows into the fluid to be measured of the first fluid reservoir and fills up measuring cell, and fluid to be measured is when filling up measuring cell, in the first fluid reservoir
It there remains part fluid to be measured；
(4) the first valve and the 3rd valve are opened, balanced gas is filled with into the first fluid reservoir, passes through pressure sensor control
Pressing pressure, to the pressure of setting after stop being filled with, close the first valve, first and second fluid reservoir and measuring cell is constituted an envelope
The cavity closed；
(5) it is after pressure stabilisation, open remaining fluid to be measured in the 4th valve, first fluid reservoir and flow into the second storage
Flow container by heating element heater to measuring cell so as to without fluid to be measured in drain pipe, after fluid to be measured is stable, be heated, measure
The temperature signal T and the heat flow signal HF of measuring cell outer wall of measuring cell outer wall when fluid to be measured is full of in measuring cellsample, this
When, the fluid to be measured expanded by heating overflows measuring cell and flows into the second fluid reservoir；
(6) the specific heat capacity Cp of fluid to be measured is obtained by calculating, calculation formula is：
Wherein, dT/dt is derivatives of the temperature signal T to the time for the measuring cell outer wall that step (5) is collected, i.e. heating rate；ρ be by
Survey the density of liquid；V is the volume of measuring cell.
Wherein, step (2) obtains the temperature signal T ＇ and heat flow signal HF under measuring cell no-load conditionblank, this data
It can also be realized by being set in heating element heater with measurement pool structure identical contrast pond, the contrast pond and measuring cell knot
Structure is identical, and is connected with identical corollary equipment, and operating process during measurement is also identical with measuring cell, but contrast pond is simultaneously
Fluid to be measured is not filled with, is only measured under vacuum conditions, by setting contrast pond to improve measurement efficiency, while can also use
Whether normal in the function of detection measuring cell, i.e., before measuring cell is filled with fluid to be measured, whether contrast parameters are identical.
In said process, because being provided with the second fluid reservoir, the fluid to be measured of measurement pond spilling is have collected, so as to effectively drop
Low drain pipe and the first fluid reservoir are with the convective mass exchange of fluid to be measured in measuring cell and close to measuring cell position drain pipe
Heat exchange, increases substantially measuring accuracy.
Balanced gas is do not react with fluid to be measured, solubility is small wherein and boiling point is far below tested refrigerant
The gas of (fluid to be measured).It is preferred that, the balanced gas are nitrogen, helium or argon gas.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
The present invention will expand the fluid to be measured overflowed guiding when measuring by setting the second fluid reservoir because heating from measuring cell
Into in the second fluid reservoir, fluid to be measured and fluid to be measured in measuring cell in drain pipe and the first fluid reservoir are significantly reduced
Convective mass exchange, substantially reduce the heat exchange close to measuring cell part, increase substantially measuring accuracy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.
Each reference is in figure：
1. the 5th valve；2. probe tube；3. the first fluid reservoir；4. the first valve；5. feed tube；6. the second valve；7. go out
Liquid pipe；8. balance pipe；9. the 3rd valve；10. the second fluid reservoir；11. the 4th valve；12. discharging tube；13. cooling medium is exported；
14. thermal insulation medium；15. heater box；16. temperature sensor；17. measuring cell；18. heat-flow measurement element；19. heating element heater；20.
Cooling medium entrance；21. cooler bin；22. pressure sensor.
Embodiment
As shown in figure 1, the self-balancing pressurized liquid specific heat capacity measurement apparatus of the reduction heat exchange of the present embodiment includes：Phase
Intercommunicated pressure balance mechanism and measuring mechanism,
Pressure balance mechanism includes：
First fluid reservoir 3；
Feed tube 5, positioned at the outside of the first fluid reservoir 3, feed tube 5 is provided with the first valve 4, and the one end of feed tube 5 with
First fluid reservoir 3 is connected；
Drain pipe 7, positioned at the outside of the first fluid reservoir 3, drain pipe 5 is provided with the second valve 6, and one end and the first liquid storage
Tank 3 is connected, and the other end is connected with measuring mechanism；
Balance pipe 8, positioned at the outside middle and upper part of the first fluid reservoir 3 and the second fluid reservoir 10, balance pipe 8 is provided with the 3rd valve
Door 9, and one end is connected with the first fluid reservoir 3, the other end is connected with the second fluid reservoir 10.
Probe tube 2, positioned at the middle and lower part of the first fluid reservoir 3, the probe tube 2 is provided with the 5th valve 1.
Second fluid reservoir 10；
Discharging tube 12, positioned at the outside of the second fluid reservoir 10, relative level is obliquely installed, and angle of inclination is 15 °, relatively low
End is connected with the second fluid reservoir 10, and higher-end is connected with drain pipe 7 close to the part of measuring cell 17, for excluding in drain pipe 7
The fluid to be measured overflowed in fluid to be measured and guiding measuring pond 17 by heating expansion enters the second fluid reservoir 10, discharging tube 12
It is provided with the 4th valve 11.
Measuring mechanism includes：
Heater box 15, inner wall even distribution has heating element heater 19；
Measuring cell 17, in heater box 15, for accommodating fluid to be measured, and measuring cell 17 is connected with drain pipe 7；
Thermal insulation medium 14, is filled between the inwall of heater box 15 and measuring cell 17；
Temperature sensor 16, is arranged on around heat pond 17, the temperature for determining the outer wall of measuring cell 17；
Heat-flow measurement element 18, is distributed in around measuring cell 17, the heat flow signal for determining measuring cell 17；
Pressure sensor 22, is arranged on drain pipe 7, the pressure for measuring fluid to be measured.
The present embodiment the first valve 4, the second valve 6, the 3rd valve 9, the 4th valve 11 and the 5th valve 1 be hand-operated valve,
Magnetic valve or motor-driven valve；Temperature sensor 16 is thermocouple.
Use for convenience, quick cooling heater box 15, heater box 15 is located in the cooler bin 21 of closing, the cooler bin 21
Inside there is a cooling medium entrance 20 and a cooling medium outlet 13.By being filled with cooling medium to cooler bin, it can make
Heater box 15 cools, and cooling medium can be water, air or liquid nitrogen etc.., can also be in heating except cooler bin is cooled down
Case outer wall coiling cooling tube, being filled with cold medium to cooling tube can make heater box cool, cooling medium can for water, air or
Person's liquid nitrogen etc..
The specific heat of liquid measuring method of the present embodiment comprises the following steps：
(1) each device feature and connection are checked before testing, it is ensured that each valve is closed and instrument is intact.
(2) the first valve 4, the second valve 6, the 3rd valve 9, the 4th valve 11, by the first, two fluid reservoir and measurement are opened
Pond 17 is vacuumized, and exhausts and the first valve 4 is closed after vacuum, makes one closing of first, second fluid reservoir and the composition of measuring cell 17
Cavity, heating element heater 19 is worked, and measuring cell 17 is uniformly heated, and is measured when determining inside measuring cell 17 as vacuum state
The temperature signal T ＇ of the outer wall of the pond 17 and heat flow signal HF of measuring cell outer wallblank。
(3) cold water or air are filled with to cooling medium entrance 20, heater box 15 is cooled down.
(4) the second valve 6, the 3rd valve 9 and the 4th valve 11 are closed, the first valve 4 is opened, by refrigerant R134a steel
Bottle is connected to the entrance of valve 4, by refrigerant charging to the first fluid reservoir 4, after the completion of filling, closes the first valve 4 (if measurement is mixed
The specific heat of refrigerant is closed, then should successively be filled according to the order of saturation pressure at room temperature from low to high, while passing through first
The probe tube 1 of fluid reservoir extracts appropriate mixing liquid, determines the definite ratio of each composition of mixing liquid).
(5) after refrigerant R134a pressure stability or mix refrigerant are well mixed, the second valve 6, refrigerant are opened
R134a is flowed into measuring cell 17 by drain pipe, and refrigerant R134a is when filling up measuring cell 17, is also had in the first fluid reservoir 3
There is refrigerant R134a.
(6) balanced gas steel cylinder is connected to the entrance of the first valve 4, opens the first valve 4 and the 3rd valve 9, high pressure
Balanced gas enter the first fluid reservoir and the second fluid reservoir, when pressure rises to desirable value, close the first valve 4, complete to rise
Press through journey.Balanced gas is do not react with tested refrigerant, solubility is small wherein and boiling point is far below the gas for being tested refrigerant
Body, such as nitrogen, helium or argon gas, therefore influence of the balanced gas to fluid to be measured composition can not be considered.
(7) it is after pressure stabilisation, open remaining fluid to be measured in the 4th valve 11, the first fluid reservoir 3 and flow into the second storage
Flow container 10 to measuring cell 17 so as to without fluid to be measured in drain pipe 7, after fluid to be measured is stable, uniformly be heated, measure exists
The temperature signal T and the heat flow signal HF of measuring cell outer wall of measuring cell outer wall when fluid to be measured is full of in measuring cellsample(the
Two fluid reservoirs 10 are used for the warm refrigerant steam of the condensation fallen in collecting pipe)；Now, after the fluid to be measured expansion in measuring cell
Enter the second fluid reservoir 10 by discharging tube 12 to avoid that the fluid to be measured in drain pipe 7 and expanding from measuring cell is tested
Convective mass exchange occurs for liquid, significantly reduces the heat exchange in the pipeline of measuring cell, increases substantially the accurate of measurement
Degree.
(8) the specific heat capacity Cp of fluid to be measured is obtained by calculating, calculation formula is：
Wherein, dT/dt is derivatives of the temperature signal T to the time of the measuring cell outer wall collected, i.e. heating rate；ρ is fluid to be measured
Density；V is the volume of measuring cell.
In summary, the measurement apparatus and measuring method of the present embodiment, by setting the second fluid reservoir 10, and passes through discharge opeing
The fluid to be measured overflowed in measurement pond by expansion is led into the second fluid reservoir 10 by pipe 12, thus reduce drain pipe and
Fluid to be measured and fluid to be measured in measuring cell ground convective mass exchange and corresponding heat exchange, increase substantially survey in first fluid reservoir
The accuracy of amount.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of self-balancing pressurized liquid specific heat capacity measurement apparatus for reducing heat exchange, including interconnected pressure balance machine
Structure and measuring mechanism, the pressure balance mechanism include：
First fluid reservoir；
Feed tube, is connected with the first fluid reservoir, and the feed tube is provided with the first valve；
Drain pipe, one end is connected with the first fluid reservoir, and the other end is connected with the measuring mechanism, and the drain pipe is provided with second
Valve；
The measuring mechanism includes：
Measuring cell, inlet is connected to accept the fluid to be measured from the first fluid reservoir with drain pipe；
Heating element heater, positioned at the outside of measuring cell, heats the measuring cell；
Temperature sensor, the temperature for determining measuring cell outer wall；
Heat-flow measurement element, is distributed in the outer wall of measuring cell, the heat flow signal for determining measuring cell；
Pressure sensor, the pressure for controlling measurement liquid；
Characterized in that, the pressure balance mechanism also includes：
Second fluid reservoir；
Balance pipe, the first fluid reservoir of connection is with the second fluid reservoir so that air pressure phase in the first fluid reservoir and the second fluid reservoir
Together, the balance pipe is provided with the 3rd valve；
Discharging tube, relative level is obliquely installed, and lower end is connected with the second fluid reservoir, and higher-end is with drain pipe close to measuring cell
Part is connected, for guiding remaining fluid to be measured in the first fluid reservoir to flow into the second fluid reservoir and guiding measuring pond because adding
Thermal expansion and the fluid to be measured that overflows enters the second fluid reservoir, the discharging tube is provided with the 4th valve.
2. reduce the self-balancing pressurized liquid specific heat capacity measurement apparatus of heat exchange as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
The angle of inclination of the discharging tube is more than 10 °.
3. reduce the self-balancing pressurized liquid specific heat capacity measurement apparatus of heat exchange as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that
The angle of inclination of the discharging tube is less than 50 °.
4. reducing the self-balancing pressurized liquid specific heat capacity measurement apparatus of heat exchange as claimed in claim 1 or 2, its feature exists
In the middle and lower part of first fluid reservoir is additionally provided with probe tube, and the probe tube is provided with the 5th valve.
5. reducing the self-balancing pressurized liquid specific heat capacity measurement apparatus of heat exchange as claimed in claim 1 or 2, its feature exists
In the detecting head of the pressure sensor is arranged in drain pipe.
6. a kind of specific heat of liquid measuring method, it is characterised in that using as described in Claims 1 to 5 any claim
The self-balancing pressurized liquid specific heat capacity measurement apparatus for reducing heat exchange is measured, and is comprised the following steps：
(1) second, third and the 4th valve are opened, first and second fluid reservoir and measuring cell is interconnected, by first and second liquid storage
Tank and measuring cell are vacuumized, and close the first valve, first and second fluid reservoir and measuring cell is constituted the cavity of a closing；
(2) measuring cell is uniformly heated by heating element heater, determined inside measuring cell during for vacuum state outside measuring cell
The temperature signal T ＇ of the wall and heat flow signal HF of measuring cell outer wallblank；
(3) in the case where vacuum state is in the inside of first and second fluid reservoir and measuring cell, the second valve, the 3rd valve and the 4th are closed
Valve, opens the first valve, fluid to be measured is filled into the first fluid reservoir, after fluid to be measured is stable, opens the second valve, makes
The fluid to be measured of first fluid reservoir flows into and fills up measuring cell, and fluid to be measured is when filling up measuring cell, is also remained in the first fluid reservoir
Remaining part point fluid to be measured；
(4) the first valve and the 3rd valve are opened, balanced gas are filled with into the first fluid reservoir, controls to press by pressure sensor
Power, to the pressure of setting after stop being filled with, close the first valve, first and second fluid reservoir and measuring cell is constituted closing
Cavity；
(5) it is after pressure stabilisation, open remaining fluid to be measured in the 4th valve, first fluid reservoir and flow into the second fluid reservoir
So as to after fluid to be measured is stable, be heated in drain pipe without fluid to be measured by heating element heater to measuring cell, measurement is determined
The temperature signal T and the heat flow signal HF of measuring cell outer wall of measuring cell outer wall when fluid to be measured is full of in pondsample；
(6) the specific heat capacity Cp of fluid to be measured is obtained by calculating, calculation formula is：Wherein,
DT/dt is derivatives of the temperature signal T to the time for the measuring cell outer wall that step (5) is collected, i.e. heating rate；ρ is test solution
The density of body；V is the volume of measuring cell.
7. specific heat of liquid measuring method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the balanced gas are nitrogen, helium
Or argon gas.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510430139.4A CN105021648B (en) | 2015-07-21 | 2015-07-21 | A kind of self-balancing pressurized liquid specific heat capacity measurement apparatus and method for reducing heat exchange |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510430139.4A CN105021648B (en) | 2015-07-21 | 2015-07-21 | A kind of self-balancing pressurized liquid specific heat capacity measurement apparatus and method for reducing heat exchange |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105021648A CN105021648A (en) | 2015-11-04 |
| CN105021648B true CN105021648B (en) | 2017-07-21 |
Family
ID=54411777
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510430139.4A Expired - Fee Related CN105021648B (en) | 2015-07-21 | 2015-07-21 | A kind of self-balancing pressurized liquid specific heat capacity measurement apparatus and method for reducing heat exchange |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105021648B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106018474B (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2019-01-04 | 广东省特种设备检测研究院顺德检测院 | A kind of specific heat of liquid measuring system |
| CN107067905A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-08-18 | 德州学院 | The general specific heat capacity experiment instrument of gas-liquid solid |
| CN109781779B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2021-01-19 | 西安交通大学 | Method and device suitable for measuring specific constant pressure heat capacity of dissolved gas fluid |
| CN109870652B (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2020-04-24 | 清华大学 | Method for measuring electrolyte amount of lithium ion battery and computer equipment |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU642615A1 (en) * | 1977-07-15 | 1979-01-15 | Предприятие П/Я Г-4126 | Controllable-volume pressure stabilizer |
| SU1179187A1 (en) * | 1984-03-01 | 1985-09-15 | Mustafaev Mustafa R | Device for determining isobar heat capacity per unit volume of liquid |
| CN201413300Y (en) * | 2009-06-04 | 2010-02-24 | 杨志昌 | Liquid specific heat capacity measurement device |
| CN101793850A (en) * | 2009-12-03 | 2010-08-04 | 北京航空航天大学 | Testing device suitable for measuring constant-pressure specific heat capacity of flow fluid |
| CN201926634U (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2011-08-10 | 陕西科技大学 | Tester for gas specific heat at constant pressure |
| CN103837567A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2014-06-04 | 浙江大学 | Liquid specific heat capacity measuring device capable of realizing self-balanced pressurization and measuring method |
| CN204462053U (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-07-08 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | A kind of liquid specific heat at constant pressure measurement mechanism |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003344324A (en) * | 2002-05-24 | 2003-12-03 | Keio Gijuku | Isopiestic specific heat measurement method and apparatus therefor for high pressure fluid |
| JP2004226323A (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2004-08-12 | Univ Nihon | Measuring method and measuring apparatus for thermal abnormality of compound |
| JP2006038607A (en) * | 2004-07-27 | 2006-02-09 | Keio Gijuku | Measuring method of specific heat at constant pressure of high pressure fluid and device therefor |
| JP4280830B2 (en) * | 2004-08-24 | 2009-06-17 | 国立大学法人島根大学 | Measurement method of specific heat and thermal conductivity. |
-
2015
- 2015-07-21 CN CN201510430139.4A patent/CN105021648B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU642615A1 (en) * | 1977-07-15 | 1979-01-15 | Предприятие П/Я Г-4126 | Controllable-volume pressure stabilizer |
| SU1179187A1 (en) * | 1984-03-01 | 1985-09-15 | Mustafaev Mustafa R | Device for determining isobar heat capacity per unit volume of liquid |
| CN201413300Y (en) * | 2009-06-04 | 2010-02-24 | 杨志昌 | Liquid specific heat capacity measurement device |
| CN101793850A (en) * | 2009-12-03 | 2010-08-04 | 北京航空航天大学 | Testing device suitable for measuring constant-pressure specific heat capacity of flow fluid |
| CN201926634U (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2011-08-10 | 陕西科技大学 | Tester for gas specific heat at constant pressure |
| CN103837567A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2014-06-04 | 浙江大学 | Liquid specific heat capacity measuring device capable of realizing self-balanced pressurization and measuring method |
| CN204462053U (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-07-08 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | A kind of liquid specific heat at constant pressure measurement mechanism |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
| Title |
|---|
| Isobaric Heat Capacity Measurements for Dimethyl Ether and 1,1-Difluoroethane in the Liquid Phase at Temperatures from 305 K to 365 K and Pressures up to 5 MPa;He Yijian 等;《JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA》;20140930;第59卷(第9期);第2885-2890页 * |
| Isobaric heat capacity of potential liquid desiccant solutions containing calcium chloride and its mixtures;Gao neng 等;《International Conference on Cryogenics and Refrigeration (ICCR)》;20130403;第20卷(第3期);第328-331页 * |
| Measurements of the isobaric heat capacity of R1234yf in liquid phase at temperatures from 305 K to 355 K and pressures up to 5 MPa;Gao neng 等;《FLUID PHASE EQUILIBRIA》;20140825;第376卷;第64-68页 * |
| Thermodynamic properties of supercritical n-m Lennard-Jones fluids and isochoric and isobaric heat capacity maxima and minima;He maogang 等;《THE JOURNAL OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS》;20150531;第100卷;第1-6页 * |
| 一种制冷剂液态比定压热容的测量装置;高能 等;《工程热物理学报》;20150430;第36卷(第4期);第709-713页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105021648A (en) | 2015-11-04 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104966536B (en) | A kind of high temperature refrigerant heat transfer experiments system and method with conduction oil as hot fluid | |
| CN105021648B (en) | A kind of self-balancing pressurized liquid specific heat capacity measurement apparatus and method for reducing heat exchange | |
| CN103837567B (en) | The liquid specific heat capacity measurement device of energy self-equilibrating pressurization and method | |
| Michel et al. | Performances of grooved plates falling film absorber | |
| CN104865003B (en) | A kind of integrated hold-up vapour pressure and latent heat of vaporization combined test system | |
| CN110223790B (en) | External cooling test bed for pressure vessel for retention in melt pile | |
| CN107449626A (en) | Storage heater test system and the storage heater method of testing based on the test system | |
| CN110411898A (en) | A kind of supercritical water particulate matter visualization measurement experimental provision and method | |
| CN105403390A (en) | Low-temperature test system for safety valve and low-temperature test method for safety valve | |
| CN104266798B (en) | Refrigerant leakage tester and refrigerant leak testing method | |
| CN113607246B (en) | Calibration device and method for low-temperature flowmeter | |
| CN109254032A (en) | A kind of device for test hydration heat of cement under steady temperature | |
| CN105869689B (en) | A kind of device and method for measuring valve tiny leakage rate | |
| Li et al. | Experimental study on heat and mass transfer performance of falling film absorption over a vertical tube using LiCl solution | |
| CN205722815U (en) | A kind of device measuring valve tiny leakage rate | |
| CN105806742B (en) | A kind of gamma ray density measuring system and method for subzero temperature high pressure | |
| CN204495757U (en) | Adiabatic accelerating calorimeter | |
| CN104655671B (en) | Adiabatic accelerating calorimeter and detection method | |
| CN105987854A (en) | Full-automatic crude oil water content distillation measurement method using weighing-type plunger reciprocating suction sampling | |
| CN106680006B (en) | A kind of fission shell-and-tube exhaust-heat boiler experimental system and experimental method | |
| CN207831994U (en) | A kind of accurate filling system of heat-pipe working medium | |
| CN216410454U (en) | Gas production rate measuring device of reaction calorimeter | |
| CN206671235U (en) | A kind of measurement apparatus for measuring temperature flowing specific heat of liquid | |
| CN105136342B (en) | The system and method for heat exchanger heat exchange amount measurement accuracy is improved under the conditions of tepor difference | |
| CN207096139U (en) | A kind of constant temperature measuring apparatus for being used to measure gas PVT properties |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20170721 Termination date: 20180721 |