CN105019833A - Bionic adaptive PDC drill bit - Google Patents
Bionic adaptive PDC drill bit Download PDFInfo
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- CN105019833A CN105019833A CN201510428061.2A CN201510428061A CN105019833A CN 105019833 A CN105019833 A CN 105019833A CN 201510428061 A CN201510428061 A CN 201510428061A CN 105019833 A CN105019833 A CN 105019833A
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- drill bit
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- cutting teeth
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bionic adaptive PDC drill bit which is composed of a drill bit matrix, a plurality of cutting tooth assemblies and a plurality of drill bit wings. The plurality of drill bit wings are fixedly arranged at the upper end of the drill bit matrix. The plurality of cutting tooth assemblies are fixedly arranged on the plurality of drill bit wings. The bionic adaptive PDC drill bit simulates a prototype tiger paw bone. The bionic adaptive PDC drill bit is designed according to the adaptive characteristic of the pawl. A self protecting structure is realized through a joint movement by means of a biological paw. The cutting angle of the cutting tooth can be adaptively changed under the function of a stratum impact force in drilling into a complex stratum by the drill bit. After the drill bit drills into a hard rock, a caster angle enlarges and a lateral rotation angle reduces for protecting a composite sheet. After the drill bit drills into a soft rock, the caster angle reduces and the lateral rotation angle enlarges. A polycrystalline diamond compact can easier drill into the rock, thereby realizing high-efficiency rock crushing. The bionic adaptive PDC drill bit has advantages of realizing simple structure and convenient detachment, reducing and preventing impact damage of the cutting tooth by stratum change, effectively prolonging service life and drilling efficiency of the drill bit, and improving rock cutting efficiency and chip removal effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of drill bit of drilling applications, particularly the bionical self adaptation PDC drill bit of one.
Background technology
PDC drill bit, as the main bit creeping into medium ground, is applied very extensive.When drill bit creep into hard formation, high abrasive stratum, soft or hard interlock the stratum such as interlayer, gravel interlayer, broken rock time, the hurried decline of its mechanical separator speed, cutting teeth wearing and tearing are accelerated, and very easily occur that cracked, the delamination of polycrystalline diamond layer are even peeled off, thus cause the inefficacy of whole drill bit.In addition, the back rake angle of PDC cutting teeth has larger impact to drilling efficiency, when cutting soft formation, and the more little performance being more conducive to rate of penetration of angle; When creeping into hard formation, back rake angle suitably increases, and is conducive to the injury that reduction rock impact causes PDC sheet.In oil bit field, some scholars has been had to make linguistic term to PDC drill bit compliance, as patent of invention " ADAPTIVE MIXED drill bit " (patent No.s: CN102561953A) such as Southwest Petrol University Deng Rong, the drill bit of this patent disclosure is the compound of cutter teeth and PDC tooth, such drill bit structure is comparatively complicated, gear wheel is from weakening the impact damage of rock to PDC tooth to a certain degree, but the cutting angle of the cutting teeth of PDC is just fixing when processing and manufacturing, cannot really change with strata condition.
Nature animal passes through for a long time to adaptation and the evolution of living environment, unique excellent body structure of evolving out.As cats pawl toe can penetrate prey skin and flesh instantaneously, but when toe point touch the hard bone of prey be hampered time, the phalangeal joint of pawl rotates the angle of bend changing pawl toe, so can steadily catch prey that its pawl toe can be protected again injury-free.From bionics angle, invent a kind of bionical self adaptation PDC drill bit, slowing down the generation of PDC drill bit improper breakoff phenomenon when creeping into bad ground, improving probing comprehensive benefit, therefore studying a kind of drill bit that can adapt to bad ground very well and have very important significance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is will solve above-mentioned existing PDC drill bit when creeping into bottom, cutting teeth quick abrasion, large to the damage of cutting teeth and PDC sheet when creeping into, easily occur that cracked, the delamination of polycrystalline diamond layer are even peeled off, cause the inefficacy of whole drill bit, the problems such as inefficiency, and a kind of bionical self adaptation PDC drill bit is provided.
The present invention is made up of bit matrix, several cutting teeth and several drill bit wing, and several drill bit wing is fixedly installed on bit matrix upper end, and several cutting teeth is arranged on several drill bit wing by bearing pin;
Composite polycrystal-diamond is fixedly installed on cutting teeth cylinder upper end and forms cutting teeth, and cutting teeth cylinder is by hinge on drill bit wing, and the first elastic body and the second elastic body are separately positioned on cutting teeth cylinder both sides, and matches with drill bit wing inwall;
The initial back rake angle a of cutting teeth is 0 °-10 °, and side corner β is 0 °-15 °;
Cutting teeth is super-hard cutting material, is composite polycrystal-diamond or polycrystalline diamond flag or hard-metal insert.
Operating principle of the present invention and process:
The present invention bionical prototype tiger pawl skeletal graph; when tiger predation prey, its fore paw toe can penetrate prey skin and flesh instantaneously, but when toe is sharp touch the hard bone of prey be hampered time; the phalangeal joint of pawl rotates the angle of bend changing pawl toe, can catch prey that its pawl toe can be protected again injury-free.Bionical self adaptation PDC drill bit is designed according to this adaptive characteristic of its claw.
In drilling process, composite polycrystal-diamond incision rock, by rock mass reaction force, cutting teeth cylinder, can be rotated within the specific limits under force by hinge on drill bit wing, and the first elastic body and the second elastic body have certain pretightning force.When creeping into ground consisting of hard rock, cutting teeth cylinder is greater than the first elastomeric pretightning force by rock mass active force, cutting teeth rotates backward, compress the first elastic body, back rake angle becomes large, composite polycrystal-diamond weakens by stratum impact force, avoids impact impaired, when creeping into soft rock strata, cutting teeth is less than the first elastomeric pretightning force by rock mass active force, be greater than the second elastomeric pretightning force, the first elastic body is unfolded forward, and cutting teeth rotates forward, compress the second elastic body, back rake angle diminishes, and composite polycrystal-diamond more easily cuts rock, completes efficient detritus.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Structure of the present invention is simple; easy to loading and unloading; use biological pawl toe by joint motion teaching display stand operator guards; can the cutting angle of adaptive change cutting teeth under the effect of stratum impact force when creeping into bad ground; slow down and avoid formation variation to destroy the impact force of cutting teeth; effectively can improve life-span and the drilling efficiency of drill bit; creep into that hard rock back rake angle becomes large, side corner diminishes; protection composite sheet; creep into that soft rock back rake angle diminishes, side corner becomes large, improve rock cutting efficiency and chip removal effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is bionical prototype tiger uncus bone schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the schematic perspective view of first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the sectional perspective schematic diagram of first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic perspective view of second embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the initial back rake angle a schematic diagram of cutting teeth of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the side corner β schematic diagram of cutting teeth of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
First embodiment:
Refer to shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the present embodiment is made up of bit matrix 1, several cutting teeth 2 and several drill bit wing 3, several drill bit wing 3 is fixedly installed on bit matrix 1 upper end, and several cutting teeth 2 is arranged on several drill bit wing 3 by bearing pin 22;
Composite polycrystal-diamond 25 is fixedly installed on cutting teeth cylinder 21 upper end and forms cutting teeth 2, cutting teeth cylinder 21 is hinged on drill bit wing 3 by bearing pin 22, first elastic body 23 and the second elastic body 24 are separately positioned on cutting teeth cylinder 21 both sides, and match with drill bit wing 3 inwall;
The initial back rake angle a of cutting teeth 2 is 0 °-10 °, and side corner β is 0 °-15 °;
Cutting teeth 2 is super-hard cutting material, is composite polycrystal-diamond or polycrystalline diamond flag or hard-metal insert.
Second embodiment:
Refer to shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the present embodiment is made up of bit matrix 1, several cutting teeth 2 and several drill bit wing 3, several drill bit wing 3 is fixedly installed on bit matrix 1 upper end, and several cutting teeth 2 is arranged on several drill bit wing 3 by bearing pin 22;
The initial back rake angle a of cutting teeth 2 is 0 °-10 °, and side corner β is 0 °-15 °;
Cutting teeth 2 is super-hard cutting material, is composite polycrystal-diamond or polycrystalline diamond flag or hard-metal insert.
Operating principle of the present invention and process:
Refer to shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4; the present invention bionical prototype tiger pawl skeletal graph; when tiger predation prey; its fore paw toe can penetrate prey skin and flesh instantaneously; but when toe point touch the hard bone of prey be hampered time; the phalangeal joint of pawl rotates the angle of bend changing pawl toe, can catch prey that its pawl toe can be protected again injury-free.Bionical self adaptation PDC drill bit is designed according to this adaptive characteristic of its claw.
In drilling process, composite polycrystal-diamond 25 cuts rock, and by rock mass reaction force, cutting teeth cylinder 21 is hinged on drill bit wing 3 by bearing pin 22, can rotate within the specific limits under force, the first elastic body 23 and the second elastic body 24 have certain pretightning force.When creeping into ground consisting of hard rock, cutting teeth cylinder 21 is greater than the pretightning force of the first elastic body 23 by rock mass active force, cutting teeth 2 rotates backward, compress the first elastic body 23, back rake angle becomes large, composite polycrystal-diamond 25 weakens by stratum impact force, avoid impact impaired, when creeping into soft rock strata, cutting teeth 2 is less than the pretightning force of the first elastic body 23 by rock mass active force, be greater than the pretightning force of the second elastic body 24, first elastic body 23 is unfolded forward, cutting teeth 2 rotates forward, compress the second elastic body 24, back rake angle diminishes, composite polycrystal-diamond 25 more easily cuts rock, complete efficient detritus.
Claims (4)
1. a bionical self adaptation PDC drill bit, it is characterized in that: be made up of bit matrix (1), several cutting teeth (2) and several drill bit wing (3), several drill bit wing (3) is arranged on bit matrix (1) upper end by bearing pin (22), and several cutting teeth (2) is fixedly installed on several drill bit wing (3).
2. the bionical self adaptation PDC drill bit of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be provided with the first elastic body (23) and the second elastic body (24) between described cutting teeth (2) and bit matrix (1).
3. the bionical self adaptation PDC drill bit of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described when bit cutting rock back dip angle change within the scope of 0 ° ~ 30 °, side corner changes within the scope of 0 ° ~ 15 °.
4. the bionical self adaptation PDC drill bit of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described cutting teeth (2) is super-hard cutting material, is composite polycrystal-diamond or polycrystalline diamond flag or hard-metal insert etc.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510428061.2A CN105019833B (en) | 2015-07-21 | 2015-07-21 | A kind of bionical adaptive PDC drill bit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510428061.2A CN105019833B (en) | 2015-07-21 | 2015-07-21 | A kind of bionical adaptive PDC drill bit |
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| CN105019833A true CN105019833A (en) | 2015-11-04 |
| CN105019833B CN105019833B (en) | 2017-12-08 |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105840105A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-08-10 | 吉林大学 | PDC (Polycrystalline diamond compact)-impregnated segment hybrid self-adaptive drill bit |
| CN110080686A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-02 | 河南四方达超硬材料股份有限公司 | Polycrystalline diamond down-the-hole drill bit |
| CN110259388A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-09-20 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of rock that slows down is to adaptive omnidirectional's angle PDC drill bit tooth of tooth impact force |
| CN111764831A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-13 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | PDC drill bit for coal mine high-position directional drilling |
| CN112065285A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-12-11 | 祁东县锋速钻探工具有限公司 | Anti-bending diamond compact bit with concave-convex lip surface |
| CN112267838A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-01-26 | 刘伟 | Efficient rock breaking PDC drill bit |
| CN112302538A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-02 | 刘伟 | PDC-roller composite bit |
| CN112878917A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-06-01 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Self-adaptive cutting tooth and PDC drill bit |
| CN114535666A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-05-27 | 广州大学 | Bionic negative Poisson's ratio drill bit and design method thereof |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105840105A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-08-10 | 吉林大学 | PDC (Polycrystalline diamond compact)-impregnated segment hybrid self-adaptive drill bit |
| CN110080686A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-02 | 河南四方达超硬材料股份有限公司 | Polycrystalline diamond down-the-hole drill bit |
| CN110259388A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-09-20 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of rock that slows down is to adaptive omnidirectional's angle PDC drill bit tooth of tooth impact force |
| CN110259388B (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2021-03-09 | 西南石油大学 | Self-adaptive omnidirectional angle-variable PDC drill bit tooth for reducing impact force of rock on tooth |
| CN111764831A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-13 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | PDC drill bit for coal mine high-position directional drilling |
| CN112065285A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-12-11 | 祁东县锋速钻探工具有限公司 | Anti-bending diamond compact bit with concave-convex lip surface |
| CN112267838A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-01-26 | 刘伟 | Efficient rock breaking PDC drill bit |
| CN112302538A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-02 | 刘伟 | PDC-roller composite bit |
| CN112878917A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-06-01 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Self-adaptive cutting tooth and PDC drill bit |
| CN112878917B (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-11-09 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Self-adaptive cutting tooth and PDC drill bit |
| CN114535666A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-05-27 | 广州大学 | Bionic negative Poisson's ratio drill bit and design method thereof |
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| CN105019833B (en) | 2017-12-08 |
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Effective date of registration: 20190305 Address after: 610000 Chenghua District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, No. 3 Chengji Road, Longtan Industrial Park Patentee after: Sichuan Gem Machinery Petroleum Bit Co., Ltd. Address before: 130061 West Democracy Street 938, Changchun City, Jilin Province Patentee before: Jilin University |