CN105007750A - 用于口服给药的可咀嚼组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
用于口服给药的可咀嚼组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105007750A CN105007750A CN201480008792.5A CN201480008792A CN105007750A CN 105007750 A CN105007750 A CN 105007750A CN 201480008792 A CN201480008792 A CN 201480008792A CN 105007750 A CN105007750 A CN 105007750A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23G3/00—Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
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Abstract
本发明涉及用于口服给药的可咀嚼组合物,所述组合物包含高(甲基)果胶、甘油和水。有利地,可咀嚼组合物可包含药物物质。本发明还涉及所述可咀嚼组合物的制备方法以及所述可咀嚼组合物作为药剂的用途。
Description
本发明涉及可咀嚼组合物,其包含高(甲基)果胶、甘油和水。有利地,可咀嚼组合物可包含药物物质。本发明还涉及所述可咀嚼组合物的制备方法以及所述可咀嚼组合物作为药剂的用途。
由于一些药物物质的一些性质如溶解性和压缩性,含有它们的片剂会足够得大。因此,一些患者,特别是老年患者和儿童,吞咽这些相当大的片剂可能会有困难。
此外,片剂的给药通常要求摄取液体以使吞咽变得容易。在日常生活中,患者不总是手边就有液体。
这些问题导致治疗时糟糕的顺应性或者没有顺应性。
因此,仍然存在对新的适于口服的制剂的需求,其对于大部分患者、特别包括老人和孩子可以是方便的。特别地,这样的制剂应当易于吞咽并且优选不使用液体就可摄取。
因此,本发明涉及用于口服给药的组合物,其包含:
-0.5-3.5重量%,优选1-3重量%的高(甲基)果胶,
-40-70重量%,优选50-68重量%的甘油,
-16-30重量%,优选20-29重量%的水,
-0-2.5重量%,当存在时,优选0.1-1.5重量%的至少一种表面活性剂,
-1.5-40重量%,优选2-30重量%的至少一种其它成份,其选自:代糖(sugar substituents)、调味剂、着色剂和/或活性物质,
所述重量%相对于所述组合物的总重量计,并且所述组合物的pH值在约2.8至约3.2的范围内。
应当注意到在本申请的全文中,范围意欲包括上下限值。
果胶由以下通式(II)表示:
在果胶(通常为萃取的)中,超过50%的酸单元是酯化的。所述果胶通常分类并称为“高甲基酯果胶”或“高(甲基)果胶”。酯基团的百分比称为酯化度(DE)。优选地,根据本发明,高(甲基)果胶具有约50至约80、更优选约65至约75的DE。高(甲基)果胶为所述组合物的重要成份。实际上,高(甲基)果胶允许得到这样一种组合物,所述组合物一旦成型就能被抓取。此外,使用高(甲基)果胶,组合物的凝胶化可以容易控制,且凝胶化发生很快,即在小于2小时内发生,并且不需要在高于90℃的温度加热组合物,避免了组合物可能含有的其他成份如药物物质的可能降解。
在本发明组合物中,将甘油作为果胶的一种共同试剂(co-agent)引入,这使得可以利用水的存在和pH值的调节实现组合物的凝胶化。此外,甘油的存在避免了在组合物中使用蔗糖,而蔗糖是高热量和生龋齿的。本发明组合物的一个特别的优势是所述组合物是无糖的。
优选地,引入至组合物中的水为根据美国和欧盟药典的净化水。
本发明组合物可以包含至少一种表面活性剂,仅在一些特定实施方案中要求其存在。例如,表面活性剂的存在可能取决于组合物的制备方法。
当存在时,表面活性剂优选为非离子性表面活性剂。有利地,表面活性剂选自:环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷共聚物,如以商标POLOXAMER售卖的;聚山梨酯,如以商标TWEEN售卖的。优选地,表面活性剂为聚氧乙烯(20)去水山梨糖醇单油酸酯(或聚山梨酯80),如以商品名TWEEN 80售卖的。
此外,本发明组合物可以包含至少一种其它成份,其选自:代糖、调味剂、着色剂和/或活性物质。
“活性物质”,表示药物物质,任选含有至少一种赋形剂。
药物物质更优选为意在治疗至少一种疾病和/或治愈至少一种症状的分子(其可以为盐的形式)。将所述药物物质以相应于所述药物物质的常见计量学的剂量引入组合物中。
作为实例,药物物质选自:
-镇痛药、止痛药、退热药、可治疗感冒和咳嗽的分子(特别是镇咳药,解充血药和/或祛痰药),可治疗过敏症的分子(抗组胺药)、解痉药、止泻药、抗炎药(如非类固醇抗炎药(NSAID))、血管扩张药、抗感染药、抗病毒药、抗癌药、抗焦虑药、抗癫痫药、增血压药、抗高血压药、抗偏头痛药、肌肉松弛药、利尿剂,或其组合。
优选地,所述药物物质选自:
-苯海拉明、氯苯那敏、氯雷他定、西替利嗪、伪麻黄碱、愈创甘油醚、右美沙芬、萘普生、阿司匹林、对乙酰氨基酚、布洛芬、酮洛芬、屈他维林、可待因和/或其组合。
药物物质还可以选自具有预防或营养活性的物质,例如:
-维生素(A、K、D、E、C、B1、B12)和多维生素组合物、矿物质(如钙盐)、雌二醇、不饱和脂肪酸、类黄酮、植物甾醇、植物萃取物,等,及其组合。
药物物质可以添加至任选具有药物赋形剂的组合物中。
优选地,所述药物赋形剂选自:
-可提高药物物质的溶解性的赋形剂。作为实例,环糊精可与药物物质复合并提高其溶解性;
-可缓冲药物物质的赋形剂,如pH 6.2的磷酸盐缓冲液;
-可包衣药物物质用于耐肠道的赋形剂。作为实例,耐肠道的聚合物可以选自聚甲基丙烯酸酯(例如以商品名销售的那些);纤维素酯,如羟丙甲纤维素醋酸琥珀酸酯(HPMCAS)和/或纤维素乙酸邻苯二甲酸酯(CAP),和/或聚乙烯衍生物,如聚醋酸乙烯邻苯二甲酸酯(PVAP),等;
-可包衣药物物质用于遮味的赋形剂。作为实例,遮味的赋形剂可以选自羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)、聚乙二醇(PEG)、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、乙烯纤维素(EC)、硬脂酸,等。
当本发明组合物包含至少一种活性物质时,所述组合物更具体地为药物组合物。
代糖是指复制出糖的味道的食品添加剂。优选地,所述代糖为人造甜味剂,如三氯蔗糖、糖精(saccharine)和/或乙酰磺胺酸钾(potassium acesulfame)。
调味剂优选选自酸橙(lime)、柠檬、草莓和苹果。
着色剂表示染料、色淀(lakes)和/或遮光剂。这种着色剂的实例为氧化铁红、氧化铁黄、TiO2、洋红E120、食用色素亮蓝铝色淀(FD&C blue no.1Aluminium Lake),等。
为了凝胶化所述组合物,组合物的pH值可以调节在约2.8至约3.2的范围内,优选地在约2.9至约3.1。所述调节通过将酸添加至组合物中进行。优选地,酸选自柠檬酸、酒石酸、磷酸和乳酸,且更优选地为柠檬酸。
本发明组合物具有小于0.61的水活性。
“水活性”表示水的利用度(即,游离水),其可以被微生物利用,用于它们在样品内的生长。水活性可以通过本领域已知的方法测量。
优选地,水活性小于0.60,更优选小于0.59和再更优选小于0.58。所述低水活性特别受到关注,因为其使得没有必要向组合物中添加防腐剂如对羟基苯甲酸酯(parabens)。
可以注意到,一旦凝胶化,本发明组合物形成可咀嚼的固体。此外,对于具有牙齿很少或没有牙齿的人来说,还可以吸吮这样的可咀嚼组合物。
这对于药物组合物是特别受关注的,可以被所有患者容易地摄取,特别是被老年人和儿童所摄取。此外,药物组合物还可以具有可接受的外观和令人舒服的口味:
-组合物的口味可以通过添加合适的(一种或多种)代糖和(一种或多种)调味剂来调节,以及
-(一种或多种)着色剂可以使可咀嚼组合物更加吸引人。
所有这些特征使得治疗的顺应性对于患者而言更容易。
取决于其中所含的药物物质,本发明药物组合物可用作药物。
本发明组合物,为固体剂型时,可以分成多个单元。优选地,在药物组合物的情况下,各单元可以包含一定剂量的药物物质。
如上所述,本发明组合物可以形成可被抓取的多个单元。特别地,1.5g单元的组合物的硬度包含在30g至300g、优选40g至250g、更优选50g至200g的范围中,通过质地分析仪(texture analyser)测量。通过质地分析仪进行测量在本领域中是已知的。这种测量的实施例在下文实施例中有更具体的描述。已经注意到,单元的硬度取决于组合物中所含成份的可溶性或悬浮形式。更具体地,悬浮形式的活性物质将颗粒引入组合物中,这些颗粒在凝胶化后使所述凝胶坚硬。
本发明还涉及组合物、更具体为本发明药物组合物的制备方法,包含以下步骤:
(i)混合甘油、水,任选与(一种或多种)活性物质和/或(一种或多种)表面活性剂混合,
(ii)加热后,加入高(甲基)果胶,
(iii)加入(一种或多种)代糖、(一种或多种)调味剂和/或(一种或多种)着色剂,如果有的话,
(iv)将步骤(ii)中得到的混合物加热至约60℃至约90℃的温度范围、优选约70℃的温度,
(v)用酸调节pH值,
(vi)使组合物成型并冷却直到发生凝胶化。
步骤(ii)中高(甲基)果胶的加入在将步骤(i)的混合物加热至约35℃至45℃的范围内、优选约40℃之后发生。
优选地在步骤(v)中,pH值用柠檬酸、酒石酸、磷酸和/或乳酸调节,更优选用柠檬酸调节。
在第一优选的实施方案中,成型步骤通过将组合物倾倒至模具中进行。有利地,所述模具可以进一步排列成行形成泡罩包装(blister pack),其可以然后经热封。
在第二优选的实施方案中,成型步骤通过将组合物的液滴沉积(deposition)至冷却的带上进行。所述液滴在沿着带运行时固化并冷却。固化的单元然后在带的端部被排出并收集。冷却的带可以由钢或其它合适材料制成。
本发明进一步通过以下实施例来描述,这些实施例不以任何方式被视为限制性的,说明如下:
-图1,为填充了本发明组合物的模具的照片,和
-图2,为制备实施例1中的组合物单元的模具的图。
实施例1:包含非索非那定的组合物
1.组合物
本发明药物组合物以如下成份制备:
*各成份的百分比为基于组合物全部重量的重量百分比。**w/w:重量/重量***Qs:适量
2.制备方法
药物组合物的制备如下进行。
在所述实施例中,活性物质为:
-盐酸非索非那定,具有其药物赋形剂β-环糊精。
所述方法的第一步的目的为增溶和分散非索非那定:将67.6g的β-环糊精与44g的水混合以形成糊状混合物。然后,将12g的非索非那定添加至混合物中,接着添加31g的水,添加水的目的在于避免混合物的硬化。最终,添加剩余的非索非那定,接着添加剩余的水。
然后将215.6g的甘油和0.8g的表面活性剂添加至混合物并混合。混合物于40℃加热。当混合物达到40℃时,将8g的高(甲基)果胶添加至混合物。
将2g的三氯蔗糖和2g的酸橙调味剂添加至混合物,将其加热至70℃的温度。pH值用柠檬酸10%w/w的溶液调节。
所得混合物为本发明药物组合物。所述组合物然后倒入塑料或金属层压的模具中。
泡罩包装的实例显示于图2中。在所述图中,泡罩包装1包含两个平行排的空腔2并通过中心肋3增强。各空腔是杯形的。所述杯的最大直径(在泡罩包装1的表面)为约20mm并且其深度为约6.5mm。
各空腔填充以1.5g(对应于剂量为60mg的盐酸非索非那定)的药物组合物4,其为液体。泡罩包装然后以铝箔盖片热封,并且将药物组合物冷却直至组合物凝胶化。
一旦凝胶化,本发明药物组合物易于从模具中倒出以形成模制单元并易于抓取,如图1所示。
3.水活性
本发明药物组合物不要求使用任何防腐剂。特别地,可以避免添加对羟基苯甲酸酯。所述特征通过测量本发明药物组合物的水活性来证实。
水活性通过使用Rotronic Hygrolab装置来测量。所述测量不在整个模具单元上实施,但是在所述单元的样品部分实施,所述样品具有如下尺寸:直径20mm(x)厚度2–3mm。所述部分从模制单元切片。然后将样品引入测量池(cell)中。在短的平衡时间后,可以读取数值。
水活性测量为:0.58。所述结果低于代表上限的0.61的水活性(在数该值以上需要防腐剂)。
4.硬度
如上所述,模制单元容易抓取。为了评估该特征,所述单元的硬度已经以质地分析仪进行测量。
方法:
质地分析仪为TA.XT.plus Texture Analyser,来自Stable Micro配有6mm直径的柱体探针,具有5kg荷载池。
质地测量仪的参数如下:
模式:测量压缩时的力
测试速度=1mm/s
距离=1mm
触发类型=自动-5.0g
测量在由模制单元构成的样品上进行。该模制单元这样定位,使得与泡罩包装杯接触的表面面朝上。一旦试样接触所述样品的表面,试样穿透该表面直到达到1mm的深度。在该深度上,测量荷载并且该数值代表样品的硬度。为了评估该测量的可重复性,测试10个样品。
测量的硬度包含在50至100g的范围中。已经确定单元的硬度低于30g是不可抓取的。这证实了本发明药物组合物的模制单元是可抓取的。
实施例2:包含布洛芬的组合物
1.组合物
本发明药物组合物以如下成份制备:
*各成份的百分比为基于组合物全部重量的重量百分比。**w/w:重量/重量。**w/w:重量/重量***Qs:适量
2.制备方法
药物组合物的制备如下进行。
活性物质,布洛芬酸(3.3g),首先与水(13.5g)和表面活性剂(0.1g)混合。将32.1g的甘油逐渐加入混合物中并混合。
于40℃加热混合物。
当混合物达到40℃时,将1g的高(甲基)果胶添加至混合物。
然后将混合物加热至约70℃的温度。pH以柠檬酸10%w/w的溶液调节以达到约3的数值。
将所得混合物倒入模具中(参见实施例1)。然后药物组合物为1.5g的固体单元形式。各单元包含剂量为100mg的布洛芬酸。
3.水活性
凝胶化之后,该凝胶化的组合物从模具中倒出并测量水活性。该测量根据实施例1中描述的试验方案进行。
水活性(测量值):0.49
4.硬度
硬度根据实施例1中描述的试验方案测量。为了评估该测量的可重复性,测试了10个样品。
测量的硬度包含在150至250g的范围中。该硬度,大于非索非那定单元的硬度,可以通过以下事实来解释:布洛芬悬浮在凝胶中,布洛芬颗粒的存在导致凝胶的硬化。
实施例3:包含屈他维林的组合物
1.组合物
本发明药物组合物以如下成份制备:
*各成份的百分比为基于组合物全部重量的重量百分比。**w/w:重量/重量***Qs:适量
2.制备方法
药物组合物的制备如下进行。
活性物质屈他维林盐酸盐(2.7g)首先与19.3g的水和0.2g的聚山梨酯80混合。剩余质量的水(8.3g)然后添加至该混合物中,接着在混合条件下逐渐添加67.5g的甘油。
于40℃加热混合物。
当混合物达到40℃时,将2g的高(甲基)果胶添加至混合物。
然后将混合物加热至约70℃的温度。pH用柠檬酸10%w/w的溶液调节以达到约3的数值。
将所得混合物倒入模具中。然后药物组合物为1.5g的固体单元形式。各单元包含剂量为40mg的屈他维林盐酸盐。
3.水活性
凝胶化之后,该凝胶化的组合物从模具中倒出并测量水活性。该测量根据实施例1中描述的试验方案进行。
水活性(测量值):0.56
4.硬度
硬度根据实施例1中描述的实验方案测量。为了评估该测量的可重复性,测试了10个样品。
所测量的硬度包含在50-75g的范围中。
Claims (11)
1.用于口服给药的组合物,其包含:
-0.5-3.5重量%的高(甲基)果胶,
-40-70重量%的甘油,
-16-30重量%的水,
-0-2.5重量%的至少一种表面活性剂,
-1.5-40重量%的至少一种其它成份,其选自:代糖、调味剂、着色剂和/或活性物质,
所述重量%相对于所述组合物的总重量计,并且所述组合物的pH值包含在(约)2.8至(约)3.2的范围内。
2.权利要求1的组合物,具有小于0.61的水活性。
3.权利要求1或2的组合物,其中所述组合物的pH通过将酸添加至所述组合物来调节。
4.权利要求1至3中任一项的组合物,其为可咀嚼的。
5.药物组合物,其含有权利要求1至4中任一项的组合物,所述药物组合物包含至少一种活性物质和任选的至少一种药物赋形剂,所述活性物质为药物。
6.权利要求5的药物组合物,用作药剂。
7.制备权利要求1至4中任一项的组合物或权利要求5或6的药物组合物的方法,包括以下步骤:
(vii)混合甘油、水,任选与(一种或多种)活性物质和/或(一种或多种)表面活性剂混合,
(viii)加热后,加入高(甲基)果胶,
(ix)加入(一种或多种)代糖、(一种或多种)调味剂和/或(一种或多种)着色剂,如果有的话,
(x)将步骤(ii)中得到的混合物加热至60℃至90℃的温度范围,
(xi)用酸调节pH值,
(xii)使组合物成型并冷却直到发生凝胶化。
8.权利要求7的方法,其中步骤(ii)中高(甲基)果胶的加入在将步骤(i)的混合物加热至35℃至45℃的范围内之后进行。
9.权利要求7或8的方法,其中所述pH值以柠檬酸调节。
10.权利要求7至9中任一项的方法,其中所述成型步骤通过将组合物倾倒至模具中进行。
11.权利要求7至9中任一项的方法,其中所述成型步骤通过将组合物的液滴沉积至冷却的带上进行。
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WO2018175261A1 (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2018-09-27 | Bayer Healthcare Llc | Chewable gel products for active pharmaceutical ingredients |
DE102017107845A1 (de) * | 2017-04-11 | 2018-10-11 | Gelita Ag | Gelatineprodukt mit einer Kernkomponente und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
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KR101303479B1 (ko) * | 2011-07-28 | 2013-09-06 | (주)씨엘팜 | 가식성 필름형성 조성물 및 약물이 함유된 가식성 필름형 제제 |
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WO2007017905A1 (en) * | 2005-08-05 | 2007-02-15 | Lupin Limited | Oral pharmaceutical suspension compositions of fexofenadine |
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KR20150116861A (ko) | 2015-10-16 |
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