CN104996231A - Comprehensive control method for tomato pythium rot - Google Patents
Comprehensive control method for tomato pythium rot Download PDFInfo
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- CN104996231A CN104996231A CN201510386664.0A CN201510386664A CN104996231A CN 104996231 A CN104996231 A CN 104996231A CN 201510386664 A CN201510386664 A CN 201510386664A CN 104996231 A CN104996231 A CN 104996231A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a comprehensive control method for tomato pythium rot. The comprehensive conrol method comprises the following steps of: 1, carrying out soil ecological management: (1) applying a Difulai greenhouse type fertilizer, with the use amount of 200-400ml per mu; (2) within one month before tomatoes become ripe, applying a traditional Chinese medicine trace fertilizer, with the use amount of 30-35g per mu; 2, carrying out agricultural control; 3, carrying out biological control; 4, carrying out biological prevention and treatment; 5, carrying out physical control: (1) cleaning plants with serious diseases and diseased residual bodies in time and intensively destroying the plants with serious diseases and diseased residual bodies; and 6, carrying out chemical control: (1) when finding diseased fruits, firstly picking the diseased fruits and then spraying pesticides; alternatively spraying and applying a 500-fold solution of 80% mancozeb wettable powder and a 500-fold solution of 58% metalaxyl mancozeb wettable powder; spraying once every 7 days; and continuously spraying for 3-4 times. By virtue of the comprehensive control method, measures including the soil ecological management, the agricultural control, the biological control, the biological prevention and treatment, the physical control, and the chemical control and the like are adopted, so that the mobility of the tomato pythium rot is greatly reduced, the effect is good, and the yield and quality of tomatoes are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for integrated control of tomato pythium rot, belong to tomato extermination of disease and insect pest field.
Background technology
Tomato pythium rot is one of disease common on tomato, and all there is generation each vegetable-growing area, and outdoor cropping, Protectorate cultivation have morbidity.The time morbidity that growing period rainwater is many is serious.Morbidity seriously causes seedling to damping off often, fruit rot.
Main infringement fruit, especially subaerial fruit, but also can catch an illness to cause seedling stage and damping off.Fruit is caught an illness in water soaking mode yellowish-brown or the large spot of brown, and expansion is softening rapidly later, and cause whole fruit rot, the nondiscolouring of killed fruit appearance, pericarp breaks sometimes.The a large amount of white mould layer of the disease portion close life in surface.
This disease is infected by fungi Mastigomycotina scraping and printing unit Pythium aphanidermatum (Eds.) Fitzp. and causes.Germ survives the winter at upper soll layer with egg spore or mycelium, and when condition is suitable for, egg spore or mycelium produce sporangium, and sporangium is sprouted and discharged zoospore.Zoospore waters backwash on the fruit of bottom by rainwater or field, thus causes morbidity.But this disease only indivedual fruit is caught an illness or lower head water accumulation part is injured heavily.
The environment that germ happiness is warm, moist, onset temperature 10 ~ 30 DEG C, relative moisture more than 95%.It is 4 ~ June that Zhejiang and In Middle And Lower Reaches of Changjiang River principal pathogenetic contain the phase.The field morbidity that hypsography low-lying, field ponding, soil glue heavily, subterranean water level is high, canopy humidity is too high is heavy.Between year, spring and summer is rainy, and especially rainy between bai-u rainy period time morbidity is serious.
Prevention and controls:
1. agricultural measures height furrow covering film cultivation.Level land, prevent from pouring water or excess surface water after rain.Little water duty is filled with, and evenly pours water, prevents physiology dehiscent fruit.Timely training, built, appropriateness destroys bottom Lao Ye, strengthens ventilation and penetrating light, reduces field humidity.
2. chemical control can with 25% metalaxyl wetting powder, 800 times of liquid, or 72.2% generally makes every effort to overcome wetting powder 500 times of liquid, or 64% Sandofan wetting powder, 500 times of liquid, or 15% dislikes mould clever wetting powder 400 times of liquid, or the red 800 times of liquid of 30% greenery, or 72% gram of white cyanogen wetting powder, 1000 times of liquid sprayings.
Existing prevention and controls is single, effectively can not avoid the morbidity of tomato pythium rot and spread, and has a strong impact on the seed output and quality of tomato.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method for integrated control of tomato pythium rot, solve existing prevention and controls single, effectively can not avoid the morbidity of tomato pythium rot and the problem such as spread.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention;
A method for integrated control for tomato pythium rot, comprises the following steps:
One, soil ecology is administered:
(1) use ground good fortune and carry out booth class fertilizer, every mu of usage amount is 200-400 milliliter;
(2) start to use Chinese medicine trace the ripe previous moon tomato fertile, every mu of usage amount is 30-35g;
Two, cultural control:
(1) level land, high furrow covering film cultivation, prevents from pouring water or excess surface water after rain, and little water duty is filled with, and evenly pours water, prevents physiology dehiscent fruit;
(2) timely training, built, appropriateness destroys bottom Lao Ye, strengthens ventilation and penetrating light, reduces field humidity;
Three, BIOLOGICAL CONTROL:
(1) control weeds in field and number of pest, reduce pathogen communication media;
Four, biological control:
(1) after fallen flowers go out fruit, in time by 0.3% polyoxin aqueous solution, 300 times of liquid spray application, spray in 7 days 1 time, connects spray 3-4 time;
Five, physical control:
(1) remove grave illness strain and invalid body in time, concentrate and destroy;
Six, chemical control:
(1) when finding sick fruit, spray medicine after first extracing sick fruit, use with 80% mancozeb wettable powder, 500 times of liquid, 58% first frost mancozeb wettable powder, 500 times of liquid alternating spray, spray in 7 days 1 time, connects spray 3 ~ 4 times.
Further, a preferred embodiment of the present invention: described ground good fortune is carried out the fertile concrete using method of booth class and is watered 15kg for carrying out booth class fertilizer according to 200-400ml ground good fortune, carrys out booth class fertilizer and is watered and mixes rear spraying and earth's surface by ground good fortune.
Further, a preferred embodiment of the present invention: described Chinese medicine trace is fertile, according to parts by weight, by medical stone powder 60-80 part, ginkgo biloba p.e 3-5 part, Artemisinin 6-8 part, Folium Artemisiae Argyi extract 5-6 part, Honegsukle flower P.E 2-3 part, isatis root extract 4-6 part, Radix Stemonae extract 2-3 part and Herba Agrimoniae extract 4-5 part composition.
Further, a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the using method that described Chinese medicine trace is fertile: every mu of 30-35g, add water 50kg foliage spray.
It is the vegetables special bio bacterial manure that Beijing Di Fulai development in science and technology Co., Ltd produces that ground good fortune in the present invention carrys out booth class fertilizer.Ground good fortune come booth class fertilizer can decompose and remove do nitrite in object, hydrogen sulphide and agricultural chemicals remain, the heavy metals such as absorption and degraded chromium, nickel, lead, tin, cobalt, bioactie agent C, G, F contained by it, can participate in crop Inner eycle, repairs rapidly damaged cell safer by food; Can improve soil physical and chemical property, make organic and humic acid content lifting, granular structure is formed soon, ventilation good water-retaining property, and crops well developed root system, fibrous root length, Bai Genduo, activity by force, improve soil nutrient absorbing capacity; Ground good fortune is come can activating soil rhizospheric microorganism, large, the middle and trace element of release soil solidification, high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing, for crop provides full nutrition, and short root strong sprout; Improve the photosynthesis of crop and disease-resistant, anti-adversity ability, have good preventive effect.Ground good fortune is come in nursery stage stratification strong sprout; The transplanting initial stage takes root, and improves premunition; Activating soil rhizospheric microorganism.
Medical stone powder: medical stone grinds, fineness 300-400 order.
Ginkgo biloba p.e: ginkgo leaf pulverizes 50-100 order, uses 75% ethanol, extracts twice, solid-liquid ratio 1:10-12, temperature: 40-50, and Vacuum Concentration is dry.
Artemisinin: be 1:20g/mL at solid-liquid ratio, Extracting temperature 50 DEG C, under the process conditions of extraction time 2.5h, extract benzinum, refluxing extraction, Vacuum Concentration is dry, granularity 60-80 order.
Folium Artemisiae Argyi extract: tarragon dry, pulverize, water extraction, solid-liquid ratio 1:12, extracts three times, temperature 60, each 2h, merging filtrate, dry.
Honegsukle flower P.E: honeysuckle pulverizes 50-100 order, uses 60% ethanol, extracts twice, solid-liquid ratio 1:10-12, temperature: 40-50, and Vacuum Concentration is dry.
Isatis root extract: 60-80 order pulverized by Radix Isatidis, 75% ethanol, solid-liquid ratio 1:8, Extracting temperature 50-60, extracts twice, dry.
Radix Stemonae extract: 60-80 order pulverized by the tuber of stemona, 30% n-hexane, solid-liquid ratio 1:15-20, evaporation refluxing extraction, collects upper strata grease, dry.
Herba Agrimoniae extract: hairyvein agrimony pulverizes 50-100 order, uses 60% ethanol, extracts twice, solid-liquid ratio 1:10-12, temperature: 40-50, and Vacuum Concentration is dry.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention adopts the measures such as soil ecology improvement, cultural control, BIOLOGICAL CONTROL, biological control, physical control and chemical control, significantly reduces the tomato pythium rot incidence of disease, respond well, improves the seed output and quality of tomato.
The combination adopting ground good fortune to come booth class fertilizer and Chinese medicine trace fertilizer effectively can improve the biological bacterium colony of soil structure and soil, effectively reduces the tomato pythium rot incidence of disease, improves the quality and yield of tomato.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the specific embodiment of the invention, be clearly and completely described technical scheme of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Comparative example
Adopt the prevention and controls inside background technology
Embodiment 1
A method for integrated control for tomato pythium rot, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
One, soil ecology is administered:
(1) use ground good fortune and carry out booth class fertilizer, ground good fortune is carried out the fertile concrete using method of booth class and is watered 15L for carrying out booth class fertilizer according to 200ml ground good fortune, and ground good fortune being carried out booth class fertilizer mixes rear spraying and earth's surface;
(2) start to use Chinese medicine trace the ripe previous moon tomato fertile, Chinese medicine trace is fertile, according to parts by weight, by medical stone powder 60 parts, ginkgo biloba p.e 5 parts, Artemisinin 7 parts, Folium Artemisiae Argyi extract 6 parts, Honegsukle flower P.E 2 parts, isatis root extract 6 parts, Radix Stemonae extract 3 parts, Herba Agrimoniae extract 4 parts composition; The using method that Chinese medicine trace is fertile: every mu of 30g, add water 50kg foliage spray;
Two, cultural control:
(1) level land, high furrow covering film cultivation, prevents from pouring water or excess surface water after rain, and little water duty is filled with, and evenly pours water, prevents physiology dehiscent fruit;
(2) timely training, built, appropriateness destroys bottom Lao Ye, strengthens ventilation and penetrating light, reduces field humidity;
Three, BIOLOGICAL CONTROL:
(1) control weeds in field and number of pest, reduce pathogen communication media;
Four, biological control:
(1) after fallen flowers go out fruit, in time by 0.3% polyoxin aqueous solution, 300 times of liquid spray application, spray in 7 days 1 time, connects spray 3-4 time;
Five, physical control:
(1) remove grave illness strain and invalid body in time, concentrate and destroy;
Six, chemical control:
(1) when finding sick fruit, spray medicine after first extracing sick fruit, use with 80% mancozeb wettable powder, 500 times of liquid, 58% first frost mancozeb wettable powder, 500 times of liquid alternating spray, spray in 7 days 1 time, connects spray 3 ~ 4 times.
Adopt prevention and controls of the present invention, effectively prevented and treated the morbidity of tomato pythium rot and spread, relative to comparative example, tomato yield improves 20%, and product quality significantly promotes.
Embodiment 2
Substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference makes land used good fortune carry out the fertile 300ml of booth class with being every mu,
Adopt prevention and controls of the present invention, effectively prevented and treated the morbidity of tomato pythium rot and spread, relative to comparative example, tomato yield improves 18%, and product quality significantly promotes.
Embodiment 3
Substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference makes land used good fortune carry out the fertile 400ml of booth class with being every mu,
Adopt prevention and controls of the present invention, effectively prevented and treated the morbidity of tomato pythium rot and spread, relative to comparative example, tomato yield improves 22%, and product quality significantly promotes.
Embodiment 4
Substantially the same manner as Example 3, difference is that Chinese medicine trace is fertile, according to parts by weight, by medical stone powder 70 parts, ginkgo biloba p.e 3 parts, Artemisinin 8 parts, Folium Artemisiae Argyi extract 5 parts, Honegsukle flower P.E 3 parts, isatis root extract 5 parts, Radix Stemonae extract 2 parts, Herba Agrimoniae extract 4.5 parts composition; The using method that Chinese medicine trace is fertile: every mu of 33g, add water 50kg foliage spray;
Adopt prevention and controls of the present invention, effectively prevented and treated the morbidity of tomato pythium rot and spread, relative to comparative example, tomato yield improves 23%, and product quality significantly promotes.
Embodiment 5
Substantially the same manner as Example 3, difference is that Chinese medicine trace is fertile, according to parts by weight, by medical stone powder 80 parts, ginkgo biloba p.e 4 parts, Artemisinin 6 parts, Folium Artemisiae Argyi extract 5.5 parts, Honegsukle flower P.E 2.5 parts, isatis root extract 4 parts, Radix Stemonae extract 2.5 parts, Herba Agrimoniae extract 5 parts composition; The using method that Chinese medicine trace is fertile: every mu of 35g, thin up 500 times of foliage spray;
Adopt prevention and controls of the present invention, effectively prevented and treated the morbidity of tomato pythium rot and spread, relative to comparative example, tomato yield improves 19%, and product quality significantly promotes.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a method for integrated control for tomato pythium rot, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
One, soil ecology is administered:
(1) use ground good fortune and carry out booth class fertilizer, every mu of usage amount is 200-400 milliliter;
(2) start to use Chinese medicine trace the ripe previous moon tomato fertile, every mu of usage amount is 30-35g;
Two, cultural control:
(1) level land, high furrow covering film cultivation, prevents from pouring water or excess surface water after rain, and little water duty is filled with, and evenly pours water, prevents physiology dehiscent fruit;
(2) timely training, built, appropriateness destroys bottom Lao Ye, strengthens ventilation and penetrating light, reduces field humidity;
Three, BIOLOGICAL CONTROL:
(1) control weeds in field and number of pest, reduce pathogen communication media;
Four, biological control:
(1) after fallen flowers go out fruit, in time by 0.3% polyoxin aqueous solution, 300 times of liquid spray application, spray in 7 days 1 time, connects spray 3-4 time;
Five, physical control:
(1) remove grave illness strain and invalid body in time, concentrate and destroy;
Six, chemical control:
(1) when finding sick fruit, spray medicine after first extracing sick fruit, use with 80% mancozeb wettable powder, 500 times of liquid, 58% first frost mancozeb wettable powder, 500 times of liquid alternating spray, spray in 7 days 1 time, connects spray 3 ~ 4 times.
2. the method for integrated control of a kind of tomato pythium rot according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described ground good fortune is carried out the fertile concrete using method of booth class and is watered 15kg for carrying out booth class fertilizer according to 200-400ml ground good fortune, ground good fortune is carried out booth class fertilizer and be watered and mix rear spraying and earth's surface.
3. the method for integrated control of a kind of tomato pythium rot according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Chinese medicine trace is fertile, according to parts by weight, by medical stone powder 60-80 part, ginkgo biloba p.e 3-5 part, Artemisinin 6-8 part, Folium Artemisiae Argyi extract 5-6 part, Honegsukle flower P.E 2-3 part, isatis root extract 4-6 part, Radix Stemonae extract 2-3 part and Herba Agrimoniae extract 4-5 part composition.
4. the method for integrated control of a kind of tomato pythium rot according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the using method that described Chinese medicine trace is fertile: every mu of 30-35g, add water 50kg foliage spray.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510386664.0A CN104996231A (en) | 2015-06-30 | 2015-06-30 | Comprehensive control method for tomato pythium rot |
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| CN201510386664.0A CN104996231A (en) | 2015-06-30 | 2015-06-30 | Comprehensive control method for tomato pythium rot |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105638216A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-06-08 | 胡永军 | Uniform expansion method for same-spike tomato fruits |
| CN106433671A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2017-02-22 | 巢湖春友种业科技有限公司 | Soil fertilizer loss rate reducible soil modifier and preparation method thereof |
| WO2018214641A1 (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2018-11-29 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Use of agrimonia pilosa extract in preparation of drug for removing plant virus in tomato plants |
-
2015
- 2015-06-30 CN CN201510386664.0A patent/CN104996231A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 王华弟: "《玉米矮缩病流行学及综合防治》", 31 July 2014 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105638216A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-06-08 | 胡永军 | Uniform expansion method for same-spike tomato fruits |
| CN106433671A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2017-02-22 | 巢湖春友种业科技有限公司 | Soil fertilizer loss rate reducible soil modifier and preparation method thereof |
| WO2018214641A1 (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2018-11-29 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Use of agrimonia pilosa extract in preparation of drug for removing plant virus in tomato plants |
| US10813361B2 (en) | 2017-05-24 | 2020-10-27 | Jiangsu Academy Of Agricultural Sciences | Use of agrimonia pilosa extract in preparation of drug for removing plant virus in tomato plants |
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Application publication date: 20151028 |
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