CN104995275A - 胶带、特别是用于捆扎汽车里的缆线的包带 - Google Patents

胶带、特别是用于捆扎汽车里的缆线的包带 Download PDF

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CN104995275A
CN104995275A CN201380054219.3A CN201380054219A CN104995275A CN 104995275 A CN104995275 A CN 104995275A CN 201380054219 A CN201380054219 A CN 201380054219A CN 104995275 A CN104995275 A CN 104995275A
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P·拉姆布施
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种胶带、特别是用于捆扎汽车里的缆线的包带，该胶带具有带形轧制的载体，并且该胶带具有在一侧或两侧施加到载体上的粘合剂涂层。所述载体由经热轧光整理的织物构成。

Description

胶带、特别是用于捆扎汽车里的缆线的包带
技术领域
本发明涉及一种胶带、特别是用于捆扎汽车里的缆线的包带，该胶带具有带形的轧制的载体，并且该胶带具有在一侧或两侧施加到载体上的粘合剂涂层。
背景技术
开头所述结构的胶带在DE 603 04 186 T2中进行了介绍。在这里核心在于，用经编的基底工作，该基底包括纬纱，该纬纱具有比针织纱更高的纤度。粘合剂涂层被施加到基底上。在此，基底总体上封闭地设计，以便因此基本上防止粘合剂穿过。出于这个目的，基底另外通过轧辊输送，其中至少一个轧辊被加热。以这种方式，将基底的至少一侧弄平并且可选择地支持基底的熔融或熔化。由此，在基底的一侧上产生相对平坦的封闭的表面。
已知的胶带原则上证明是适用的，然而就机械稳定性而言是需要改进的。因为这种包括比针织纱更高纤度的纬纱的经编的基底几乎不适于在用于捆扎汽车里的缆线时的特殊负荷。虽然对于这种经编的基底提出了，纬纱基本上相互平行地在带上延伸以引导带的撕裂。但是，这并没有改变对于前述汽车的使用所需的机械稳定性缺乏的事实。
特别适用于汽车应用的胶带在EP 1 448 744 B1中进行了介绍。在这里，构造为织物或无纺布的载体被实现，该载体至少局部地一侧或两侧具有光滑打磨的表面。出于这个目的，使用轧光辊，所述轧光辊以不同的转速运行，同时制造光滑地待打磨表面的摩擦。由此，在此处提供了与类似封闭的和由此防污染的表面相比高光泽效果或摩擦轧光印花效果。这种表面相对于不同介质，如油、柴油、汽油等，或多或少不渗透地或者更确切地说防污染地构成。以这种方式，粘合剂可以很容易地施加到载体上并且不进入或穿过该载体中。
在EP 1 448 744 B1中，光滑打磨的过程的前提是，轧辊以不同的圆周速度运转。实际上，通常被加热的硬的钢轧辊相对于软的对应轧辊实现。因此，相关联的设备技术上的耗费总体上是不可忽略的。在这里开始本发明。
发明内容
本发明的技术问题在于，提供一种胶带、特别是用于捆扎汽车里的缆线的包带，该胶带可以以降低的成本相对于到迄今为止的构造方案提供，尽管还要满足对汽车领域内的使用的要求。
为了解决这个技术问题，本发明的内容是所述的胶带，该胶带的特征在于，载体构造为经热轧光整理的织物。
在本发明的范围内则首先使用一种织物，即与根据DE 60 304 186T2的教导不同恰好不使用经编的基底。织物可以构造得沿横向用手可撕裂。典型地，织物沿经向配备有多于20线/cm。可比较的线数也可以应用于纬向。因此，沿经向的线或经线为了获得所描述的用手可撕裂性典型地与那些沿纬向的纬线相比具有更小的细度。实际上，载体的或者说在那里使用的织物的沿经向和纬向通常以所配属的线(经线或纬线)的30至180但尼尔、优选大约150但尼尔的纱线细度进行工作。
由此，实现特别高的机械稳定性并且同时产生能够沿横向或者沿纬向撕裂载体的可能性。但是，基本上也可以以沿经向和纬向的不同细度地工作。因此也可设想的是，所述线沿经向具有50至70但尼尔的纱线细度。与此相对，所述线沿纬向可配备有大约130但尼尔的纱细度。
作为用于织物的长丝线或纤维线的材料或者作为用于经线或纬线的材料，本发明典型地介绍合成纤维、特别是聚酯纤维或聚丙烯纤维。纤维原则上可以被染色，即喷丝头染色或者更确切地说纱染。例如纤维可具有黑色。此外，可以经常这样设计，使得载体具有典型多于60N/cm的断裂强力或断裂强度。此外，通常断裂伸长率多于10％。以这种方式，载体并且借助该载体根据本发明的胶带具有足够的机械稳定性，以便可以有利地作为用于捆扎汽车里的缆线的包带使用。实际上，这种包带典型地用手并且沿横向撕裂并且围绕待捆扎的缆线螺旋形地捆绕。以这种方式，缆线聚集一起并且受到保护以防机械影响。此外，根据本发明的胶带相对于不同的介质，如油、柴油、汽油等有抵抗力。
为此，这种情况特别有助于，通过载体的根据本发明的热轧光可以显著地相对于没有前阶段的热轧光的实施方式明显地提高载体的密封性或者说表面的密封性。这甚至适用于载体仅部分被热轧光的情况。但是，载体通常整面被热轧光。
无论如何，织物作为载体的根据本发明进行的热轧光总体上用于，可以相对于迄今为止的处理方法显著地降低所述载体的厚度。实际上，载体在本发明的范围内典型地具有0.06至0.8mm的厚度，通常配备有少于0.2mm的厚度。优选地，甚至可以以少于0.1mm的厚度工作。完全特别优选的是，载体或织物载体仅配备0.08mm的厚度。
现时，在本发明的范围内令人吃惊地证实，具有典型地少于0.1mm的这种小厚度的载体并且特别是织物载体然而可以直接地并且没有所谓的粘合剂渗透地进行涂层。也就是通过进行的热轧光，载体或织物载体这样程度压缩，使得紧接着施加的粘合剂或施加的粘合剂涂层不穿过载体或者在涂层时穿过载体。在上下文中，所有常见的涂层方法可以用于粘合剂涂层，例如以热熔方法通过展开、喷涂、轧制等进行涂层。
以这种方式，根据本发明的胶带能够相对于在其他情况下通常的织物载体显示出非常小的单位面积重量。这对于根据本发明的胶带作为捆扎汽车里的缆线的包带的装配或应用具有特别的意义，因为在这里重量减少显示了主要的研发目标。此外根据本发明，少的材料使用导致费用降低。同时构造为经热轧光的织物的载体在大厚度(例如0.2mm)时开始可显著地降低透气性。此外，相对于粘合剂提高击穿强度，从而与相同厚度的胶带相比较地观察到高品质的产品。
用于载体的经热轧光的织物不仅具有如所描述的那样压缩载体的效果，而且通过热轧光也可以对载体的表面的弯曲刚度产生积极影响。实际上，通过载体的热轧光将至少一侧弄平，即其与加热的轧辊相接触的那侧。载体的这侧通过热轧光的所描述的过程或多或少密封地封闭。在这里，关系到载体的上侧并且在上下文中仅下侧用粘合剂涂层，因此产生胶带，其中，胶带端部可以不伸出或者可以伸出，或者围绕待捆扎的缆线捆绕。
此外，典型地观察经轧光的胶带侧上的较高粘合力，即载体的通过热轧光的过程或多或少密封地封闭的那侧上的较高粘合力。当根据本发明的胶带此外缠绕成胶带卷时或者也当借助于胶带作为包带捆扎缆线时，观察这种较高的粘合力。实际上在所描述的情况下，与附着在未经轧光的胶带侧上的粘合剂涂层相比较，经轧光的胶带侧上的粘合剂涂层的粘合力更高。
这种较高的粘合力归因于，经轧光的胶带侧与未经轧光的胶带侧相比较总体上更光滑地构造，从而首先会期待更小的粘合力。然而，这种效果通过这种方式被过度补偿，即，经轧光的胶带侧总体上比未经轧光的胶带侧更封闭地设计，从而与未经轧光的胶带侧的情况相比较，粘合剂涂层的粘合剂可以不(再)这样强烈地进入实际不存在的开口中。
无论如何，胶带的特性可以通过以被加热的轧辊加载一侧或两侧由此被影响，即，以粘合剂进行一侧或双侧涂层。如果载体的两侧分别从一个被加热的轧辊旁边经过，则载体具有特别高的弯曲强度。相反，如果载体仅在一侧上以被加热的轧辊处理，则与未经过轧光的情况相比较，胶带的粘合力更高。以这种方式，胶带能够通过相应的过程控制与实际要求目标准确地相匹配。
同时，使用之前所描述的合成纤维、特别是聚丙烯-或聚乙烯或聚酯纤维确保本发明的胶带温度稳定地构造并且特别是可以轻而易举地承受例如在发动机舱内在捆扎缆线时产生的直到100℃的温度。此外，则上还能够承受甚至150℃的持续温度。
为了彻底实现载体的所描述的热轧光，载体通常借助于由至少两个轧辊构成的装置进行热轧光。这在上下文中，至少一个轧辊被加热，以便将载体的至少一侧弄平。在轧光机中，冷的轧辊(具有相应于环境温度的温度)和被加热到大约100℃至350℃、特别是150℃至250℃的轧辊对置，同时形成用于待穿过的载体的轧辊间隙。被加热的轧辊经常具有150℃至250℃的温度。原则上，当然也可以使用多于两个轧辊。
为了降低按照装置和按照方法的耗费以及与此相关联的制造成本，然而典型地使用两个对置的轧辊就足够了。这两个轧辊限定其间的轧辊间隙，在该轧辊间隙中典型地产生相应于大约0.2MPa的大约2kp/cm2的压力，用于加载载体。实际上，两个轧辊这样彼此对置地设置，使得在此处在轧辊间隙中产生直到10MPa的压力。通常观察轧辊间隙中的大约0.1至0.3MPa的压力。此外，本发明经常这样进行，使得载体以大约10至400m/Min并且特别是以大约20m/Min至50m/Min并且优选以大约40m/Min的速度经过轧辊间隙。由此，提供了高的加工速度。此外，给出的加工速度用于，使载体通过热轧光的所描述的过程在所描述的意义上得到修正。
为此，这种情况补充地有助于，将粘合剂涂层通常作为热熔粘合剂施加到优选丙烯酸酯基或橡胶基上。这种热熔粘合剂可以很容易地在载体的这种速度下施加，更准确地说紧接在热轧光机的两个轧辊后进行涂层。在此，通常这样进行，使得粘合剂涂层整面地或部分地施加到与载体的被弄平那侧对置的那侧上。然而原则上，粘合剂涂层也可以与热轧光无关的地不是在所描述的单级过程中，而是在两级处理方法的范围内施加。在这种情况下，载体首先如所述的那样制成并且接下来才在第二个独立的步骤中施加粘合剂。
载体的之前提到的被弄平那侧就载体的在进行热轧光时从被加热的轧辊旁边经过的那侧观察。在轧光机中，加热到所提到的大约150℃至250℃、优选200℃的数值的轧辊在其表面上用于，将载体的这侧弄平或者使贴靠在热的轧辊上的那侧在载体的表面特性方面在此处获得改进。实际上，热的轧辊在上下文中用于，使表面平整，各个合成纤维相互之间获得热固定并且使可能剩余的漂染液残余蒸发。由此，载体的至少一侧配备有封闭的或接近封闭的表面，该表面相应于或者在密封性方面超过正如通过根据EP 1 448 744 B1的摩擦轧光印花提供的那些表面。
实际上，在此处也就是观察透气性，该透气性通过热轧光下降了至少15至25％。也就是，织物作为没有额外的热轧光步骤的载体具有比当相同载体根据本发明经热轧光时大大约15至25％的透气率。详细地，例如观察这种由大约70至80l/m2s的织物构成的载体的透气率，所述透气性可能通过附加的热轧光降低到大约60l/m2s的数值。
钢上的粘合力为多于1.5N/cm。这种粘合力根据DIN EN 1939在180°测试的范围内检测。可比较的粘合力就带背面观察，更确切地说根据方法2并且根据已经提到的DIN EN 1939考虑180°测试。补充地，参考测试标准“用于机动车中的线路束的保护系统LV 312-1”2009年10月版。
作为结果提供了胶带，该胶带能够特别简单并且成本低廉地制造。为此，载体的所谓的热轧光主要显示了这样的责任，与根据EP 1 448744 B1的光滑打磨的工艺相反地以较小的耗费并且因此成本低廉地实施。实际上，也就是在此处在轧光机中只仅需要两个或多或少的相同构造的、具有不同的温度的轧辊，所述轧辊此外也还以相同的圆周速度使载体通过轧辊间隙。
通过使粘合剂涂层典型地施加到载体的与封闭那侧对置的那侧的方式，存在胶带或者特别是包带以这种方式围绕聚集在一起的缆线束螺旋形缠绕的可能性，使得相应封闭的表面向外指向。胶带或包带的这种封闭的表面用于，使可能在汽车中或者在发动机舱中存在的介质，如油、水、汽油等实际上不能侵入封闭的表面中。由此，这种介质无法达到面对缆线的粘合剂涂层并且观察根据本发明的胶带的可比较的特性，正如其之前可以只以一层喷漆作为涂层实现的那样。在这里，可看出主要优点。

Claims (11)

1.胶带、特别是用于捆扎汽车里的缆线的包带，该胶带具有带形的轧制的载体，并且该胶带具有在一侧或两侧施加到载体上的粘合剂涂层，其特征在于，所述载体构造为经热轧光整理的织物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的胶带，其特征在于，载体借助于由至少两个轧辊构成的装置进行热轧光，其中，至少一个轧辊被加热，以便将载体的至少一侧弄平。
3.根据权利要求2所述的胶带，其特征在于，在轧光机中，冷的轧辊和被加热到大约100℃至350℃并且优选大约150℃至250℃的轧辊对置，同时形成用于待穿过的载体的轧辊间隙。
4.根据权利要求3所述的胶带，其特征在于，在轧辊间隙中产生直到10MPa并且特别是大约0.1至0.3MPa的压力，用于加载载体。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的胶带，其特征在于，载体以大约10m/Min至400m/Min并且特别是大约20m/Min至50m/Min的速度经过轧辊间隙。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的胶带，其特征在于，载体具有多于60N/cm的断裂强力或断裂强度。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的胶带，其特征在于，载体具有多于10％的断裂伸长率。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的胶带，其特征在于，载体全部或部分被热轧光整理。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的胶带，其特征在于，粘合剂涂层整面或部分地施加到与载体的被弄平的那侧对置的那侧上。
10.根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的胶带，其特征在于，将热熔粘合剂作为粘合剂涂层使用在优选丙烯酸酯基或橡胶基上。
11.根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的胶带，其特征在于，载体具有0.06mm至0.8mm的厚度、特别是少于0.2mm的厚度、优选少于0.1mm的厚度并且完全特别优选大约0.08mm的厚度。
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