CN104991129A - Vacuum insulator surface charge three-dimensional measurement apparatus - Google Patents
Vacuum insulator surface charge three-dimensional measurement apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN104991129A CN104991129A CN201510142702.8A CN201510142702A CN104991129A CN 104991129 A CN104991129 A CN 104991129A CN 201510142702 A CN201510142702 A CN 201510142702A CN 104991129 A CN104991129 A CN 104991129A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vacuum insulator surface charge three-dimensional measurement apparatus, belonging to the insulation measurement and charge measurement technical field under the vacuum environment. The measurement apparatus is composed of an insulator to be measured, a test electrode, a static probe, a probe support, a probe radial motion mechanism, a probe rotation control mechanism, a probe rotary motion control mechanism, a stepping motor and a probe motion control panel, wherein a high voltage electrode is fixed to the top panel of a vacuum test cavity, a ground electrode is fixed to the central section of a probe rotary table, the insulator to be measured is placed between a high voltage electrode and a ground electrode, and the probe rotary table is supported on the bottom panel of the vacuum test cavity. The invention provides the vacuum insulator surface charge three-dimensional measurement apparatus, which can realize insulator surface charge three-dimensional measurement in all radial directions and all angles through the radial control mechanism and the rotary control mechanism, meanwhile guarantee that a probe is far from the surface of the insulator to be measured in compression or not measuring charges, and possess higher charge resolution and spatial resolution.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to insulation measurement under vacuum conditions and charge measurement technical field, particularly a kind of vacuum insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus.
Background technology
The measurement of surface Charge belongs to the category of electrostatic measurement, can not measure by traditional electrical instrument.At present, the measuring method of surface charge mainly comprises dust figure method, based on measuring method and the electrostatic probe method of Pockels effect.Dust figure method is proposed in 1778 by Lichtenberg at first, its principle be utilize some charged colored solid (as the Pb3O4 of the redness of positively charged, the S of electronegative white yellow), understand the electric charge generation adsorption effect with insulator surface, such as negative charge can adsorb the Pb3O4 of positively charged, and positive charge can adsorb electronegative S.When these special pressed powders are sprayed at dielectric surface, charge polarity and the CHARGE DISTRIBUTION of dielectric surface can be judged according to the color distribution of these pressed powders of dielectric surface.Its advantage is convenient, directly perceived, and shortcoming is can not quantitatively characterizing surface charge, and in sprinkling dust process, may change the CHARGE DISTRIBUTION of dielectric surface.Pockels effect measuring method and linear electro-optic effect method, for the crystal without symcenter, when it is located in the electric field, change and the added electric field intensity of its refractive index are proportional, that is, showed obvious when electric field is not too strong, thus can reflect the change of electric field by the change of crystal refractive index under measurement electric field action, but the method is only applicable to transparent membrane, disc insulator solid surface is not suitable for.
Current electrostatic probe method uses method more widely in current surface charge measurement field in the world.Electrostatic probe forms primarily of induced inside conductor, inner support insulator and external ground screen layer.When surface Charge is measured, by probe vertical in testing medium surface and constant distance, surface Charge can excite induced voltage on sensor conductor, can to output induced voltage measure.Although when carrying out Measurement accuracy to the surface charge of insulating medium, traditional Scale Method is adopted to there is error, but, when being the regularity of distribution and the influence factor of investigation table surface charge, when carrying out lateral comparison to the experimental result under different condition, traditional linear scale method is adopted to be feasible to calculate surface Charge.
In sum, concerning solid insulation surface, conventional measuring method is electrostatic capacitance probe method, but because insulator conventional in vacuum system is complex-shaped, conventional electrostatic probe carries out measurement more complicated to surface Charge, therefore be necessary the principle measuring surface Charge according to electrostatic capacitance method, develop a set of device that can be used for practical vacuum surface Charge and measure.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of vacuum insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus, it is characterized in that, described vacuum insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus is popped one's head in by insulator to be measured, test electrode, electrostatic, probe bracket, probe radial movement mechanism, probe rotation control mechanism, probe bracket operating-controlling mechanism, probe rotary motion control gear, stepper motor and probe movement control panel composition; Wherein test electrode is included in the high-field electrode on the top board of fixing vacuum test cavity, and be fixed on the ground electrode of probe rotating disk central authorities, insulator to be measured is placed between high-field electrode and ground electrode; Probe rotating disk is supported in vacuum test well floor, the left side of vacuum test well floor is fixed A swing pinion and is engaged with probe rotating disk, the turning axle of A swing pinion is fixed through vacuum test well floor and handle gear, C step motor shaft is fixed B swing pinion, B swing pinion and handle gears meshing; The right motive seal static probe fixed support of vacuum test well floor, fixed handle on probe fixing support; Probe fixing support is connected with probe rail brackets by fixing buckle.
Described electrostatic probe is placed on probe bracket, and probe bracket is placed on probe guide rail, and rail brackets is fixed on probe disk edge; Probe guide rail is connected with D stepper motor, and is fixed on rail brackets, and moves along rail brackets, drives electrostatic probe along guide rail oblique movement.
Described probe movement control panel is connected with C stepper motor and D stepper motor, and on probe movement control panel, sleeping " manually " and " automatically " button, both can arrange Non-follow control probe movement, and also can arrange loading routine and automatically control probe movement; Probe movement control panel arranges " X " and " Y " direction motion button, and wherein the motion of " X " direction is by the rotary motion of key control probe, and the motion of " Y " direction is by the radial motion of key control probe; Probe movement control panel arranges " feeding increasing " and " feeding subtracts " button, controls the moving step sizes of probe; " multiplying power increasing " that probe movement control panel is arranged and " multiplying power subtracts " button, for arranging the movement velocity of probe; " arranging initial point " and " Aligning control " button that probe movement control panel is arranged is for arranging the initial measuring position of probe and controlling the automatic Aligning control of probe.
Described probe rotation control mechanism is made up of rotating disk of popping one's head in, A swing pinion, C stepper motor, B swing pinion and handle gear, the handle gear that C step motor control engages with B swing pinion, handle gear driven A swing pinion rotates, A swing pinion drives probe dial turning motion, from the 360 degree of rotary motions realizing electrostatic probe.
Described probe bracket excercises control mechanism forms by fixing buckle, probe fixing support and handle, when carrying out charge measurement when pressurized or not, turning handle, probe fixing support is moved up and down, thus drive fixing buckle, fixing buckle is connected with probe rail brackets, thus can drive the translation of probe rail brackets, makes probe away from insulator to be measured.
Described isolator material to be measured is crosslinked polystyrene, and shape is round table-like, and bevel angle is 45 °, and chamfer length is 5mm, is highly 3.5mm, and end face diameter is 34.2mm, and basal diameter is 41.3mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows and propose vacuum insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus, can realize popping one's head in the measurement of surface Charge overall diameter to, full angle by radial control gear and rotation control mechanism, can ensure when pressurizeing or not measuring electric charge simultaneously, pop one's head in away from tested insulator surface.This three-dimensional measuring apparatus has the following advantages:
1, measurement mechanism can carry out surface charge measurement to the insulator in vacuum system, can the impermeability of warranty test device, by wiring ring flange, measurement signal line is drawn, and when not measuring electric charge, whole mechanism is away from tested insulator, the field strength distribution in cavity when equipment normally runs can not be affected, therefore thus realize in high voltage installation and vacuum environment, full angle is carried out to surface Charge, overall diameter to three-dimensional measurement.
2, three-dimensional operating-controlling mechanism, can realize measuring sonde translation, radial direction is creeped, rotate the motion of three kinds of dimensions, have higher charge resolution and spatial resolution.
3, the distance between probe and tested insulating part surface keeps constant, by probe bracket guide rail and guide rail fixer, can remain that probe is vertical and apart from constant to insulator surface point in the measurements, and can not have an impact in the process that moves around, therefore ensure that the reliability accuracy that test is measured.
4, the mode of motion of probe, motion path, direction of motion, moving step sizes and movement velocity both can Non-follow control, also can the automatic motion of programming Control probe, can ensure the precision of probe movement equally.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is vacuum insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus schematic diagram.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of vacuum insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus, be explained below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
In the vacuum insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus schematic diagram shown in Fig. 1, described vacuum insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus is popped one's head in by insulator to be measured, test electrode, electrostatic, probe bracket, probe radial movement mechanism, probe rotation control mechanism, probe bracket operating-controlling mechanism, probe rotary motion control gear, stepper motor and probe movement control panel composition; Wherein test electrode is included in the high-field electrode 1 on the top board of fixing vacuum test cavity, and be fixed on the ground electrode 3 of probe rotating disk 5 central authorities, insulator 2 to be measured is placed between high-field electrode 1 and ground electrode 3; Probe rotating disk 5 is supported in vacuum test well floor, the left side of vacuum test well floor is fixed A swing pinion 4 and is engaged with probe rotating disk 5, the turning axle of A swing pinion 4 is fixed through vacuum test well floor and handle gear 6, C stepper motor 7 axle is fixed B swing pinion 8, B swing pinion 8 to engage with handle gear 6; The right motive seal static probe fixed support 9 of vacuum test well floor, fixed handle 10 on probe fixing support 9; Probe fixing support 9 is connected with probe rail brackets 13 by fixing buckle 11; Electrostatic probe 16 is placed on probe bracket 15, and probe bracket is put 15 and is fixed on probe guide rail 14, and rail brackets 13 is fixed on probe rotating disk 5 edge; Probe guide rail 14 is connected with D stepper motor 12, and is fixed on rail brackets 13, and moves along rail brackets 13, drives electrostatic probe 16 along guide rail oblique movement.
Described probe movement control panel is connected with C stepper motor 7 and D stepper motor 12, probe movement control panel 17 arranges " manually " and " automatically " button, Non-follow control electrostatic probe movement both can be set, loading routine also can be set and automatically control electrostatic probe movement; Probe movement control panel 17 arranges " X " and " Y " direction motion button, and wherein the motion of " X " direction is by the rotary motion of key control electrostatic probe, and the motion of " Y " direction is by the radial motion of key control electrostatic probe; Probe movement control panel arranges " feeding increasing " and " feeding subtracts " button, controls the moving step sizes of electrostatic probe; " multiplying power increasing " that probe movement control panel is arranged and " multiplying power subtracts " button, for arranging the movement velocity of electrostatic probe; " arranging initial point " and " Aligning control " button that probe movement control panel is arranged is for arranging the initial measuring position of electrostatic probe and controlling electrostatic and to pop one's head in automatic Aligning control.
Described probe rotation control mechanism is made up of rotating disk 5 of popping one's head in, A swing pinion 4, C stepper motor 7, B swing pinion 8 and handle gear 6, C stepper motor 7 controls the handle gear 6 engaged with B swing pinion 8, handle gear 6 drives A swing pinion to rotate 4, A swing pinion 4 drives the rotary motion of probe rotating disk 5, from the 360 degree of rotary motions realizing electrostatic probe 16.
Described probe bracket excercises control mechanism forms by fixing buckle 11, probe fixing support 9 and handle 10, when carrying out charge measurement when pressurized or not, turning handle 10, probe fixing support 9 is moved up and down, thus drive fixing buckle 11, fixing buckle 11 is connected with probe rail brackets 9, thus rail brackets flat 13 can be driven to move, and makes electrostatic pop one's head in 16 away from insulator 2 to be measured.
Described isolator material to be measured is crosslinked polystyrene, and shape is round table-like, and bevel angle is 45 °, and chamfer length is 5mm, is highly 3.5mm, and end face diameter is 34.2mm, and basal diameter is 41.3mm.
Concrete measuring process is as follows:
1, when not pressurizeing or do not measure electric charge, closing control panel power supply; Rotate clockwise handle 10, probe fixing support 9 is moved downward, probe buckle 11 is driven, and probe bracket 15 moves together, away from tested insulator 2 surface, prevents electrostatic probe 1 destroyed when pressurizeing.
2, before testing, the kinematic parameter of electrostatic probe is first set.Open control panel power supply, select " manually " or " automatically ", namely select the mode of motion of popping one's head in, if select " automatically ", import program by USB flash disk, simply arranged by " program " and " parameter " button, press the automatic moving sweep that "start" button can carry out popping one's head in.If select " manually ", first the moving step sizes of probe is set by " the feeding increasing " on control panel and " feeding subtracts " button, " multiplying power increasing " and " multiplying power subtracts " button arrange the movement velocity of probe, and " arranging initial point " arranges the initial measuring position of probe.After optimum configurations completes, can be controlled the rotary motion of popping one's head in by " X " the direction motion button on control panel, " Y " direction motion button can control the radial motion of popping one's head in.
When 3, measuring: once it is complete to pressurize, rotate counterclockwise handle 10 immediately, make upwards 9 motions of electrostatic probe fixing support, thus make probe bracket 15 move to position apart from tested insulator surface, start to measure.
Claims (6)
1. a vacuum insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus, it is characterized in that, described vacuum insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus is popped one's head in by insulator to be measured, test electrode, electrostatic, probe bracket, probe radial movement mechanism, probe rotation control mechanism, probe bracket operating-controlling mechanism, probe rotary motion control gear, stepper motor and probe movement control panel composition; Wherein test electrode is included in the high-field electrode on the top board of fixing vacuum test cavity, and be fixed on the ground electrode of probe rotating disk central authorities, insulator to be measured is placed between high-field electrode and ground electrode; Probe rotating disk is supported in vacuum test well floor, the left side of vacuum test well floor is fixed A swing pinion and is engaged with probe rotating disk, the turning axle of A swing pinion is fixed through vacuum test well floor and handle gear, C step motor shaft is fixed B swing pinion, B swing pinion and handle gears meshing; The right motive seal static probe fixed support of vacuum test well floor, fixed handle on probe fixing support; Probe fixing support is connected with probe rail brackets by fixing buckle.
2. a kind of vacuum insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described electrostatic probe is placed on probe bracket, and probe bracket is placed on probe guide rail, and rail brackets is fixed on probe disk edge; Probe guide rail is connected with stepper motor E, and is fixed on rail brackets, and moves along rail brackets, drives electrostatic probe along guide rail oblique movement.
3. a kind of vacuum insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described probe movement control panel is connected with C stepper motor and D stepper motor, sleeping " manually " and " automatically " button on probe movement control panel, both Non-follow control probe movement can be set, loading routine also can be set and automatically control probe movement; Probe movement control panel arranges " X " and " Y " direction motion button, and wherein the motion of " X " direction is by the rotary motion of key control probe, and the motion of " Y " direction is by the radial motion of key control probe; Probe movement control panel arranges " feeding increasing " and " feeding subtracts " button, controls the moving step sizes of probe; " multiplying power increasing " that probe movement control panel is arranged and " multiplying power subtracts " button, for arranging the movement velocity of probe; " arranging initial point " and " Aligning control " button that probe movement control panel is arranged is for arranging the initial measuring position of probe and controlling the automatic Aligning control of probe.
4. a kind of vacuum insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described probe rotation control mechanism is made up of rotating disk of popping one's head in, A swing pinion, C stepper motor, B swing pinion and handle gear, the handle gear that C step motor control engages with B swing pinion, handle gear driven A swing pinion rotates, A swing pinion drives probe dial turning motion, from the 360 degree of rotary motions realizing electrostatic probe.
5. a kind of vacuum insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described probe bracket excercises control mechanism forms by fixing buckle, probe fixing support and handle, when carrying out charge measurement when pressurized or not, turning handle, makes probe fixing support move up and down, thus drive fixing buckle, fixing buckle is connected with probe rail brackets, thus can drive the translation of probe rail brackets, makes probe away from insulator to be measured.
6. a kind of vacuum insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described isolator material to be measured is crosslinked polystyrene, shape is round table-like, bevel angle is 45 °, and chamfer length is 5mm, is highly 3.5mm, end face diameter is 34.2mm, and basal diameter is 41.3mm.
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