CN104020363A - Three-dimensional measuring device and method of charges on surface of basin-type insulator - Google Patents
Three-dimensional measuring device and method of charges on surface of basin-type insulator Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-voltage equipment and electrostatic measuring, and discloses a three-dimensional measuring device and method of charges on the surface of a basin-type insulator. The device comprises an arc surface and inclined surface measuring probe, a probe support guide rail, a probe radial motion control mechanism, a link mechanism, a 360-degree rotation control disk, a reading mechanism, a lifting control lead screw, a control mechanism, a sealed through-connection cavity, a main shaft for controlling motion, a coupler and an operation platform base. The whole set of mechanisms is in sealed connection with a GIS testing cavity. The three-dimensional measuring device can realize three-dimensional control over charge measuring on the surface of the actual basin-type insulator; air impermeability of a testing device is guaranteed, therefore, the purpose that all-direction and totally-radial three-dimensional measuring is conducted on the charges on the surface of the basin-type insulator in voltage equipment or high-air-pressure environment is realized, and high charge resolution and spatial resolution is achieved in measuring the surfaces of various basin-type insulators. Meanwhile, the three-dimensional measuring device and method can be used for environments with high requirements for air impermeability and the measuring process can be observed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high voltage and insulation measurement technical field, particularly a kind of disc insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus and method.
Background technology
Gas insulated combined electrical equipment (GIS) has that dielectric strength is high, audible noise is low, long without fire hazard, time between overhauls(TBO), save floor occupying area and the advantage such as maintenance is few, becoming just gradually the representative of modern substation equipment, is the symbol of low maintenance, even non-maintaining, high reliability, high security.
At present at the built or newly-built 330kV of China and 500kV transformer station, adopt gas-insulated switchgear device more.Yet along with the raising of GIS electric pressure and increasing of input coefficient operation number of units, the internal fault of GIS equipment also increases thereupon.Large quantity research shows, when insulator surface has gathered a large amount of electric charges, these electric charges will change the Electric Field Distribution of insulator surface, if dielectric surface has gathered electric charge in the long period always, can make edge flashing voltage drop, some occasions even can reduce 30% left and right, so surface Charge is to cause insulator edge flashing, the key factor that causes GIS operational reliability to reduce.Due to the research of Chinese scholars shortage to disc insulator surface charge accumulation characteristic in actual 252kVGIS before, the object major part of studying is spool insulator or insulation film, the possibility of result of gained can not reflect the distribution situation of the GIS disc insulator surface charge in actual motion exactly, is therefore necessary actual 252kVGIS disc insulator surface charge accumulation characteristic to study.
The measurement of surface Charge belongs to the category of electrostatic measurement, can not measure by traditional electrical instrument.At present, the measuring method of surface charge mainly comprises dust figure method, the measuring method based on Pockels effect and static probe method.Dust figure method is proposed in 1778 by Lichtenberg at first, its principle is to utilize some charged coloured solid (as the red Pb3O4 of positively charged, the S of electronegative white yellow), understand the electric charge generation adsorption effect with insulator surface, such as the Pb3O4 of negative charge meeting adsorption band positive electricity, positive charge can adsorb electronegative S.When these special pressed powders are sprayed to dielectric surface, can judge according to the color distribution of these pressed powders of dielectric surface charge polarity and the CHARGE DISTRIBUTION of dielectric surface.Its advantage is convenient, directly perceived, and shortcoming is can not quantitatively characterizing surface charge, and in spraying dust process, may change the CHARGE DISTRIBUTION of dielectric surface.Pockels effect measuring method is linear electro-optic effect method, for the crystal without symcenter, when it is in electric field, the variation of its refractive index and added electric field intensity are proportional, that is, when electric field is not too strong, showed obviously, thereby can reflect by measuring the variation of crystal refractive index under electric field action the variation of electric field, but the method is only applicable to transparent membrane, to disc insulator solid surface and be not suitable for.
Static probe method is in surface charge measurement field, to use method more widely in the world at present at present.Static probe is mainly comprised of induced inside conductor, inner support insulator and external ground screen layer.When surface Charge is measured, by probe vertical, in testing medium surface and constant distance, surface Charge can excite induced voltage on sensor conductor, can measure output induced voltage.Although when the surface charge of insulating medium is carried out to Measurement accuracy, adopt traditional calibration can have error, but, when being the regularity of distribution and the influence factor of investigation table surface charge, when the experimental result under different condition is carried out to lateral comparison, it is feasible adopting traditional linear scale method to calculate surface Charge.
In sum, concerning solid insulation surface, conventional measuring method is electrostatic capacitance probe method, but because disc insulator surface configuration is complicated, and GIS inside is generally filled with 4-5 atmospheric SF6 gas, static probe is measured more complicated to disc insulator surface charge, is therefore necessary to measure according to electrostatic capacitance method the principle of surface Charge, develops a set of device that can be used for actual 252kVGIS disc insulator surface charge measurement.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of disc insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus and method, this device comprises as the cambered surface of electrostatic measurement probe and inclined-plane measuring sonde, probe bracket guide rail, probe radial motion control gear, linkage assembly, 360 spends main shaft, shaft coupling and the operating platform base of rotation console panels, reading mechanism, lifting control leading screw and control gear, sealing adaptor cavity, controlled motion, and sleeve mechanism and GIS test cavity are tightly connected; It is characterized in that, GIS test cavity covers on disc insulator basin limit, and cambered surface measuring sonde is fixed on cambered surface measuring sonde support guide lower end, and inclined-plane measuring sonde is fixed on measuring sonde support guide lower end, inclined-plane; The upper end symmetry of cambered surface measuring sonde support guide and inclined-plane measuring sonde support guide is fixed on the conical support outside the main shaft that comprises interior axle and outer shaft, with main shaft, rotates; Below conical support outside main shaft with the coaxial fixing bidirectional rotation controller of main shaft, linkage assembly connects bidirectional rotation controller and two measuring sonde support guides, main shaft upper end is fixed on GIS test cavity end face center, and GIS test cavity is fixed on operating platform base by sealing adaptor cavity; Probe radial motion control gear and operating platform base are fixed; Probe radial motion control gear side arrangement 360 degree rotation control mechanism and probe movement reading mechanisms; The fixing interior outer shaft shaft coupling in probe radial motion control gear end face center is controlled leading screw with promoting, and promotes control leading screw and is connected with lifting control gear by feed screw nut; Interior outer shaft shaft coupling is connected with main shaft.
Described probe radial motion control gear end face arranges patching panel, and rear end metering computer is connected on patching panel, and nanovoltmeter is connected with rear end metering computer.
Described 360 degree rotation control mechanisms mesh by control gear and the main shaft of main shaft, control main shaft and carry out 360 degree rotations.
Described probe radial motion control gear, by meshing with the control gear of main shaft, is controlled two probes and is moved on guide rail, and mobile location information is presented in probe movement reading mechanism.
Described linkage assembly and bidirectional rotation controller are by meshing, work in coordination the alternately control that realizes inclined-plane probe and cambered surface probe with the control gear of main shaft.
Described lifting is controlled leading screw by the cooperation of feed screw nut, fixes with the interior axle of main shaft, controls the lifting of main shaft.
The disc insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus that the invention has the beneficial effects as follows proposition has the following advantages:
1, measurement mechanism can carry out surface charge measurement to actual 252kVGIS disc insulator, impermeability that can warranty test device, by wiring ring flange, power supply and measurement signal line are drawn, and when not measuring electric charge, mechanism is whole rises, the field strength distribution when equipment that can not affect normally moves in cavity, thus therefore realize, in high voltage installation and hyperbaric environment, disc insulator surface charge carried out to full angle, overall diameter to three-dimensional measurement.
2, three-dimensional operating-controlling mechanism, can realize measuring sonde and promote, rotation, the motion of the three kinds of dimensions of creeping, and only by providing for simple replacement of probe bracket guide rail, can realize arbitrary shape insulator surface is carried out to charge measurement, there is higher charge resolution and spatial resolution.
3, the distance between probe and tested insulating part surface keeps constant, by probe bracket guide rail and lifting control gear, this device can remain in measurement that probe is vertical and distance is constant to disc insulator surface point, and can not exert an influence in the process that moves around, therefore guaranteed the reliability accuracy of experimental measurement.
4, measuring mechanism can manual control, guarantees in the measured zone of needs or measures under requiring and carry out surface Charge measurement.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is disc insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus one-piece construction schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the A-A view of Fig. 1.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of disc insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus and method.Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be described in further detail.
The disc insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus that the present invention proposes, its structure as shown in Figure 1, 2, GIS test cavity 7 covers on disc insulator 21 basin limits, and cambered surface measuring sonde 1 and the inclined-plane measuring sonde 3 of as electrostatic measurement, popping one's head in are separately fixed at cambered surface measuring sonde support guide 2 lower ends and measuring sonde support guide 4 lower ends, inclined-plane; The upper end symmetry of cambered surface measuring sonde support guide 2 and inclined-plane measuring sonde support guide 4 is fixed on the conical support outside the main shaft 8 that comprises interior axle and outer shaft, with main shaft 8 rotations; Below conical support outside main shaft 8, be and the radially control cluster parachute gear 8.2 of the coaxial fixedly bidirectional rotation of main shaft 8 controller 5 with main shaft, linkage assembly 6 connects bidirectional rotation controller 5 and two measuring sonde support guides, linkage assembly 6 and bidirectional rotation controller 5, by radially control cluster parachute gear 8.2 engagements with main shaft, are worked in coordination and are realized alternately controlling of inclined-plane probe and cambered surface probe; Main shaft 8 upper ends are fixed on GIS test cavity 7 end face centers, and GIS test cavity 7 is fixed on operating platform base 11 by sealing adaptor cavity 9; Probe radial motion control gear 12 is fixing with operating platform base 11; Probe radial motion control gear 12 side arrangement 360 degree rotation control mechanism 10 and probe movement reading mechanisms 13; 360 degree rotation control mechanisms 10, by mainshaft gear and main shaft 8 engagements, are controlled main shaft 8 and are carried out 360 degree rotations.Leading screw 15 is controlled in the fixing interior outer shaft shaft coupling 14 in probe radial motion control gear 12 end face centers and lifting, promotes control leading screw 15 and is connected with lifting control gear 17 by feed screw nut 16; And by the cooperation of feed screw nut 16, fix with the interior axle of main shaft 8, control the lifting of main shaft 8; Interior outer shaft shaft coupling 14 is connected with main shaft 8.Probe radial motion control gear 12, by meshing with the control gear of main shaft, is controlled two probes and is moved on guide rail, and mobile location information is presented in probe movement reading mechanism 13.
Described probe radial motion control gear 12 end faces arrange patching panel 18, and rear end metering computer 20 is connected on patching panel 18, and nanovoltmeter 19 is connected with rear end metering computer 20; Patching panel 18 is realized in power supply and signal wire and being interlinked to the outside, and power supply and output measuring-signal can be provided.
Three-dimensional surface charge detecting device of the present invention, by electrostatic measurement probe measurement corresponding position voltage signal, through converting digital signal in transmission line input nanovoltmeter, then records measurement data by machine-readable the getting of interconnection pc.
During measurement mechanism electrostatic measurement probe measurement of the present invention apart from insulator surface 2mm; Described nanovoltmeter adopts the multi-functional nanovoltmeter of Keithley2182A, and 1nV measuring accuracy can be provided.
Concrete measuring process is as follows:
1, after testing pressurization, 360 ° of rotation control mechanisms 10 are returned to zero point, use lifting control gear 17 that three-dimensional operating-controlling mechanism is fallen, make to rotate control gear 8.1 on main shaft 8 and mesh with rotation control mechanism.
2, three-dimensional operating-controlling mechanism continues to fall and makes radially to control on main shaft 8 cluster parachute gear 8.2 and the engagement of probe radial motion control gear, when arriving scale place, 2mm position, fixing control gear 17 and the 360 ° of rotation control mechanisms 10 of promoting, make electrostatic measurement probe distance insulator 2mm and under 0 °, carry out radial direction measurement.
When 3, radial motion is measured, start bidirectional rotation device 5, when inclined-plane is measured, probe radial motion control gear 12 rotates clockwise, and presses counterclockwise (sense of rotation of bidirectional rotation device 5 is contrary with the sense of rotation of axle reality in main shaft) when cambered surface is measured.In cambered surface measuring sonde 1 and inclined-plane measuring sonde 3 motion processes, by axle rotation in main shaft, 360 ° is a cycle; When in main shaft, axle rotates clockwise 0-180 °, cambered surface measuring sonde 1 moves along cambered surface 0-30mm; In main shaft, axle is when being rotated counterclockwise 0-180 °, and inclined-plane measuring sonde 3 moves along inclined-plane 0-60mm.When in main shaft, axle turns 360 °, cambered surface measuring sonde 1 and inclined-plane measuring sonde 3 are returned to zero point, until operating-controlling mechanism, are returned to completely after zero point, carry out rotatablely moving of integrated model.
4, unclamp and promote control gear 17, fixed screw, rotate and promote control gear 17, to promote control gear and promote, and treat radially to control cluster parachute gear 8.2 separately, but the gear of 360 ° of rotation control mechanisms still fastens when intact, unclamp rotation and control fixed screw, rotate 360 ° of a certain angles of rotation control mechanism 10 to the position that will take measurement of an angle, then repeat 2-4 step, until measure, finish.
5, after measuring, now probe movement reading mechanism 13 has been returned to zero point, and integrated model is risen to top completely, can continue applied voltage test.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, institute
Any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within protection scope of the present invention all should be included in.
Claims (7)
1. a disc insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus, this device comprises as the cambered surface of electrostatic measurement probe and inclined-plane measuring sonde, probe bracket guide rail, probe radial motion control gear, linkage assembly, 360 spends main shaft, shaft coupling and the operating platform base of rotation console panels, reading mechanism, lifting control leading screw and control gear, sealing adaptor cavity, controlled motion, and sleeve mechanism and GIS test cavity are tightly connected; It is characterized in that, GIS test cavity covers on disc insulator basin limit, and cambered surface measuring sonde is fixed on cambered surface measuring sonde support guide lower end, and inclined-plane measuring sonde is fixed on measuring sonde support guide lower end, inclined-plane; The upper end symmetry of cambered surface measuring sonde support guide and inclined-plane measuring sonde support guide is fixed on the conical support outside the main shaft that comprises interior axle and outer shaft, with main shaft, rotates; Below conical support outside main shaft with the coaxial fixing bidirectional rotation controller of main shaft, linkage assembly connects bidirectional rotation controller and two measuring sonde support guides, main shaft upper end is fixed on GIS test cavity end face center, and GIS test cavity is fixed on operating platform base by sealing adaptor cavity; Probe radial motion control gear and operating platform base are fixed; Probe radial motion control gear side arrangement 360 degree rotation control mechanism and probe movement reading mechanisms; The fixing interior outer shaft shaft coupling in probe radial motion control gear end face center is controlled leading screw with promoting, and promotes control leading screw and is connected with lifting control gear by feed screw nut; Interior outer shaft shaft coupling is connected with main shaft.
2. a kind of disc insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus according to claim 1, a kind of disc insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus, it is characterized in that, described probe radial motion control gear end face arranges patching panel, rear end metering computer is connected on patching panel, and nanovoltmeter is connected with rear end metering computer.
3. a kind of disc insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus according to claim 1, a kind of disc insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus, it is characterized in that, described 360 degree rotation control mechanisms mesh by control gear and the main shaft of main shaft, control main shaft and carry out 360 degree rotations.
4. a kind of disc insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus according to claim 1, a kind of disc insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus, it is characterized in that, described probe radial motion control gear is by meshing with the control gear of main shaft, control two probes and move on guide rail, and mobile location information is presented in probe movement reading mechanism.
5. a kind of disc insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus according to claim 1, a kind of disc insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus, it is characterized in that, described linkage assembly and bidirectional rotation controller are by meshing, work in coordination the alternately control that realizes inclined-plane probe and cambered surface probe with the control gear of main shaft.
6. a kind of disc insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus according to claim 1, a disc insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus, is characterized in that, described lifting is controlled leading screw by the cooperation of feed screw nut, fix with the interior axle of main shaft, control the lifting of main shaft.
7. a surface charge method for three-dimensional measurement for disc insulator surface charge three-dimensional measuring apparatus, is characterized in that, concrete measuring process is as follows:
1) after test pressurization, 360 ° of rotation control mechanisms (10) are returned to zero point, use lifting control gear (17) that three-dimensional operating-controlling mechanism is fallen, make main shaft (8) upper rotation control gear (8.1) and rotation control mechanism engagement;
2) three-dimensional operating-controlling mechanism continues to fall and makes radially to control on main shaft (8) cluster parachute gear (8.2) and the engagement of probe radial motion control gear, when arriving scale place, 2mm position, fixing control gear (17) and the 360 ° of rotation control mechanisms (10) of promoting, make electrostatic measurement probe distance insulator 2mm and under 0 °, carry out radial direction measurement;
3) when radial motion is measured, start bidirectional rotation device (5), when inclined-plane is measured, probe radial motion control gear (12) rotates clockwise, and when cambered surface is measured, by being rotated counterclockwise, the sense of rotation of bidirectional rotation device (5) is contrary with the sense of rotation of axle reality in main shaft; In cambered surface measuring sonde (1) and inclined-plane measuring sonde (3) motion process, by axle rotation in main shaft, 360 ° is a cycle; When in main shaft, axle rotates clockwise 0-180 °, cambered surface measuring sonde (1) moves along cambered surface 0-30mm; In main shaft, axle is when being rotated counterclockwise 0-180 °, and inclined-plane measuring sonde (3) moves along inclined-plane 0-60mm; When in main shaft, axle turns 360 °, cambered surface measuring sonde (1) and inclined-plane measuring sonde (3) are returned to zero point, until operating-controlling mechanism, are returned to completely after zero point, carry out rotatablely moving of integral-rotation mechanism;
4) unclamp and promote control gear (17), fixed screw, rotate and promote control gear (17), to promote control gear and promote, and treat radially to control cluster parachute gear (8.2) separately, but the gear of 360 ° of rotation control mechanisms still fastens when intact, unclamp rotation and control fixed screw, rotate a certain angle of 360 ° of rotation control mechanisms (10) to the position that will take measurement of an angle, then repeat 2-4 step, until measure, finish;
5) after measuring, now probe movement reading mechanism (13) has been returned to zero point, and integral-rotation mechanism is risen to top completely, can continue applied voltage test.
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