CN108205084B - Electrostatic probe control mechanism and method for measuring surface potential of complex insulation structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrostatic probe control mechanism and method for measuring surface potential of a complex insulation structure. One end of the insulating connecting rod is used for being connected with the basin to be tested in an assembling mode, and the other end of the insulating connecting rod is connected with the rotating shaft through the transmission assembly, so that the basin to be tested is driven to rotate in an assembling mode. The electrostatic probe motion measurement mechanism can move in a horizontal direction and a vertical direction in a translation mode and rotate in a vertical plane. The rotation of the measured basin assembly is matched with the movement of the electrostatic probe movement measuring mechanism, so that the full-coverage measurement of the measured basin assembly is realized. The measured basin assembly and the electrostatic probe movement measuring mechanism are respectively provided with an external control mechanism for controlling the movement of the measured basin assembly and the electrostatic probe movement measuring mechanism.

Description

An electrostatic probe control mechanism and method for measuring surface potential of complex insulating structures

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of charge measurement, in particular to an electrostatic probe control mechanism and method for measuring the surface potential of a complex insulating structure.

Background technique

With the development of DC transmission technology, DC gas-insulated combined electrical appliances (GIS) have received more and more attention due to their small footprint, high system reliability, and low operation and maintenance costs. However, the electric field around the insulator will be distorted due to the accumulation of charges on the surface of the GIS insulator under the DC condition, which will lead to the decrease of its resistance along the surface. Measuring the distribution and magnitude of charge on the surface of insulators helps to clarify the mechanism of charge accumulation, thereby providing theoretical support for the suppression of surface charges on insulators and the optimization of insulator shapes.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Based on this, an electrostatic probe control mechanism and method for measuring the surface potential of a complex insulating structure are provided under the existing technical conditions. The mechanism and method can simultaneously measure the surface charge distribution of the concave and convex surfaces of the insulator.

An electrostatic probe control mechanism for measuring the surface potential of a complex insulating structure, comprising a measured basin assembly (9), an insulating connecting rod (11), a transmission assembly (12), a driving assembly (13), and an electrical connection part (14); The driving assembly (13) has a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected with the transmission assembly (12). 12) Connected with the rotating shaft, so as to drive the measured basin assembly (9) to rotate, so that the tested basin assembly (9) can cooperate with the electrostatic probe motion measurement mechanism to perform scanning measurement on its surface;

Also includes cast iron handwheel (4), shaft seal fitting (5), conductive rod (18), conductor support (20), transmission mechanism (19), insulating pull rod (7); cast iron handwheel (4) and shaft The sealing fitting (5) is connected, one end of the insulating pull rod (7) is connected with the shaft sealing fitting (5), the other end of the insulating pulling rod (7) is connected with the transmission mechanism (19), and one end of the conductive rod (18) is connected with the transmission mechanism (19) , the other end of the conductive rod (18) is connected to the measured basin assembly (9), and the conductor support (20) is hollow inside;

It also includes a basin-type insulating cover (1), a transition cylinder (2), a special cylinder (3), a cover assembly (6), a cover (8), an end cover (10), and a side cavity ( 15) A mounting plate (16), one end of the transition cylinder (2) is connected to the basin-type insulating cover (1), and the other end is welded to the test-specific cylinder (3), and the cover is assembled ( 6) The cover plate (8) is installed in the middle of the test cylinder (3); the end cover plate (10) is installed at the bottom of the test cylinder (3), and the side is attached to the bottom of the test cylinder (3). One end of the cavity (15) is welded with the test cylinder (3), and the mounting plate (16) is mounted on the other end of the side attached cavity (15); in this way, a closed test environment is formed to maintain the cavity The gas environment inside the body is stable;

It also includes an electrostatic probe motion measuring mechanism (17); the electrostatic probe motion measuring mechanism (17) is installed in the lateral abdominal cavity (15) and fixed on the mounting plate (16).

The electrostatic probe motion measurement mechanism further includes a photoelectric switch (21), a rotary motor (22), a sliding rod (23), an electrostatic probe (24), a clamp (25), a screw (26), a cylinder shell (27) ), rotating shaft (28), photoelectric switch two (29), bracket (30), rotating motor two (31), large screw (32), slider unit (33), slider connecting plate (34), rotating The third motor (35) and the third photoelectric switch (36); the first photoelectric switch (21) is installed on the cylindrical shell (27), and the first rotating motor (22) is installed on the outside of the bracket (30), One end of the rotating shaft (30) is connected to the inner side of the bracket (30), and the other end is connected to the clamp (25), the electrostatic probe is clamped by the clamp (25), and the rotating shaft (28) ) movement so as to drive the rotation of the electrostatic probe; the sliding rod (23) is sleeved on the outside of the lead screw (26), both of which are encapsulated in the cylindrical shell, and the sliding rod (23) can be in a vertical plane move, thereby driving the electrostatic probe to move in the vertical direction; the slider unit (33) is placed horizontally on the mounting plate (16), and is sleeved on the outside of the large screw (32). The block unit (33) is connected through the slider connecting plate, and the slider unit (33) can move in the horizontal direction, thereby driving the electrostatic probe to move in the horizontal direction.

The first rotary motor (22), the second rotary motor (31), and the third rotary motor (35) drive the electrostatic probe to rotate, move horizontally and vertically; the photoelectric switches one (21), The second photoelectric switch (29) and the third photoelectric switch (36) are used to correct the initial position of the electrostatic probe moving in three directions to ensure that the electrostatic probe is in the same position before each measurement starts.

It also includes a control component, the control component includes a collection and display terminal (37), a control distribution cabinet (38), and a man-machine interface (39); the collection and display terminal (37) is used to collect the measured signal, and the control The power distribution cabinet (38) is used to control the rotational movement direction, rotation speed and rotation angle of the tested basin assembly, in addition, the control distribution cabinet is also used to control the movement mechanism's rise, fall and the static electricity Rotation of the probe; the man-machine interface (39) provides the user with three commands: start, stop, and reset.

Rotating the cast iron handwheel (4) can move the end of the conductive rod (18) to a distance of 250 mm from the surface of the insulator through the transmission mechanism (19).

The tested basin assembly (9) further includes a support assembly, which is mounted on the inner wall of the test-specific cylinder (3) and used for rolling support of the tested basin assembly.

The tested basin assembly (9) is a detachable structure and is suitable for different basin structures.

The transmission assembly (12) further includes a seal, and the transmission assembly further includes a guide sleeve, the guide sleeve is provided with a groove, and the seal is arranged in the groove.

It also includes an external support frame, the support frame is used to support the insulating cover (1), the transition cylinder (2), the test-specific cylinder (3), the cover plate assembly (6), the cover plate (8), The sealed tank body is formed by the end cover plate (10), the side attached cavity (15), and the installation plate (16), and the height of the sealed tank body to the ground can be adjusted.

A method for measuring the surface potential of a complex insulating structure based on the above electrostatic probe control mechanism, comprising the following contents:

Treat the surface of the tested basin assembly (9), wipe it with anhydrous ethanol and dry it naturally to ensure that there is no charge on its surface;

Connect the electrical connection part (14) and the conductive rod (18) to an external circuit. Before the experiment, it is necessary to check that the air-tightness of the insulator surface charge measurement system is good. ), test cylinder (3), cover plate assembly (6), cover plate (8), end cover plate (10), side attached cavity (15), and the enclosed space formed by the mounting plate (16) is evacuated , and wash with dry gas, and finally fill with 0.3MPa dry insulating gas;

Apply voltage to the circuit, the positive and negative of the voltage at both ends of the pot assembly (9) under test is determined by the external circuit; when pressurized, the conductive rod (18) keeps in contact with the surface of the pot assembly (9) under test, and press the man-machine interface ( 39) of the reset interface to keep each movement axis at the initial position, at this time, the electrostatic probe movement measurement mechanism (17) keeps the electrostatic probe (24) retracted into the abdominal cavity to prevent damage from high voltage breakdown;

After the pressurization is completed, rotate the cast iron handwheel (4) to retract the conductive rod (18) into the conductor support (20), and keep the front section of the conductive rod (18) 250mm away from the surface of the pot assembly (9) under test;

Press the start button on the man-machine interface (39), the measured basin assembly (9) and the electrostatic probe motion measuring mechanism (17) move according to the motion trajectory set by the program, and the measured signal is collected by the collection display terminal (37);

When the signal is extracted, the measurement signal corresponding to the high-level reference signal is the required measurement signal;

During the measurement, in case of any unexpected situation, you can press the stop button on the man-machine interface (39) to stop the measurement process at any time, press the reset button on the man-machine interface (39), and the electrostatic probe moves the measuring mechanism (17). return to the original position.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

The existing surface charge research objects are generally scaled insulator models (such as cylindrical, circular truncated insulators, flat insulators, insulating material films), and there is a lack of research on real basin insulators. Due to the complex structure of the pot insulator and the lack of an effective measurement structure for the pot insulator, the existing measuring equipment can only measure one side of the pot insulator. Since the electric field is distorted by the accumulation of charges, the surface charge of the insulator is measured. The full coverage measurement is beneficial to clarify the mechanism of charge accumulation and practical application in engineering, and to optimize the structure of the insulator.

The device can simultaneously measure the concave and convex surfaces of the pot-type insulator. The designed measuring mechanism can realize the full-coverage measurement of the pot-type insulator through the three-dimensional movement of the probe movement mechanism and the cooperation of the insulator rotating mechanism. The control circuit realizes automatic measurement.

In order to ensure the movement space of the concave probe, the device uses a mechanical structure so that the concave side electrode can be stretched to 250mm from the bottom of the insulator.

The designed tank can simulate the operating environment of the real GIS (gas combined insulated switch), and provide a docking interface with the real GIS to ensure that the experimental environment is more in line with the actual engineering.

The measured pot insulator can be dismantled and can measure pot insulators of different shapes.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrostatic probe control mechanism for measuring the surface potential of a complex insulating structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an electrostatic probe motion measurement mechanism;

Figure 3 is a functional schematic diagram of the control system of the electrostatic probe motion measurement mechanism;

1. Pot-type insulating cover, 2. Transition cylinder, 3. Test cylinder, 4. Cast iron handwheel, 5. Shaft seal assembly, 6. Cover assembly, 7. DC insulating rod, 8. Cover, 9 , Basin assembly under test, 10, End cover, 11, Insulation connecting rod, 12, Transmission assembly, 13, Drive assembly, 14, Electrical connection part, 15, Side cavity, 16, Mounting plate, 17, Electrostatic probe Motion measurement mechanism, 18, conductive rod, 19, transmission mechanism, 20, conductor support, 21, photoelectric switch 1, 22, rotary motor 1, 23, sliding rod, 24, electrostatic probe, 25, fixture, 26, lead screw, 27, cylinder shell, 28, rotating shaft, 29, photoelectric switch two, 30, bracket, 31, rotating motor two, 32, large screw, 33, slider, 34, slider connecting plate, 35, rotating motor three, 36, photoelectric switch three, 37, acquisition and display terminal, 38, control distribution cabinet, 39, man-machine interface.

Detailed ways

The embodiment of the present invention provides an electrostatic probe control mechanism for measuring the surface potential of a complex insulating structure, which is used to measure the surface charge distribution of a GIS basin insulator. In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the related drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, the electrostatic probe control mechanism for measuring the surface potential of a complex insulating structure includes: 9. The measured pot assembly, 11. The insulating connecting rod, 12. The transmission component, 13. The driving component, 14. The electrical connection part. 13 The drive assembly has a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected with the 12 transmission assembly. 11. One end of the insulating connecting rod is used to assemble and connect with the 9 measured basin, and the other end is connected with the rotating shaft through the transmission assembly 12, thereby driving the 9 measured basin assembly to rotate, so that the 9 measured basin assembly can cooperate with the electrostatic probe to move the measuring mechanism Scanning measurements are carried out on its surface.

Further, the 9-test basin assembly adopts a detachable structure, so the device can be used to measure different insulator structures.

Specifically, the 13 drive assembly includes a rotating motor and its control system, so that the 13 drive assembly can precisely control the rotation direction, rotation angle and rotation speed of the 9 tested basin assembly.

In the foregoing embodiment, the above-mentioned insulator surface charge measurement system further includes 4 iron cast handwheels, 5 shaft seals, 18 conductive rods, 19 transmission mechanisms, 20 conductor supports, and 7 insulating pull rods. 4. The cast iron handwheel is connected with the 5-axis package, one end of the 7-insulated rod is connected with the 5-axis package, the other end of the 7-insulated rod is connected with the 19 transmission mechanism, one end of the 18 conductive rod is connected with the 19 transmission mechanism, and the other end of the 18 conductive rod is connected with 9 The tested basin is assembled and connected, and the 20 conductor supports are hollow inside.

Further, on the basis of the foregoing embodiment, the above-mentioned insulator surface charge measurement system also includes 1 basin-type insulating cover, 2 transition cylinder, 3 test-specific cylinder, 6 cover assembly, 8 cover, 10 end cover , 15 side attached cavity, 16 mounting plate, 2 transition cylinder is connected with 1 basin type insulating cover at one end, the other end is welded with 3 test special cylinder, 6 cover plate is assembled, 8 cover plate is installed in the middle of 3 test special cylinder. The 10 end cover plate is installed on the bottom of the special cylinder for 3 test, the one end of the 15 side with cavity is welded with the 3 test special cylinder, and the 16 mounting plate is installed on the other end of the 15 side with cavity. 2. The transition cylinder, 3. The special cylinder for the test, 15. The side attached cavity is an air-tight metal tank, which can withstand a certain air pressure. 1. Basin insulating cover, 6. Cover assembly, 8. Cover, 10. End cover, 16. Mounting plate to encapsulate 2. Transition cylinder, 3. Test-specific cylinder, 15. Side attached cavity to keep the gas inside the cavity The environment is stable, so as to simulate the real GIS running environment.

Further, on the basis of the foregoing embodiment, the above-mentioned insulator surface charge measurement system also includes 17 an electrostatic probe motion measurement mechanism, 17 the electrostatic probe motion measurement mechanism is installed in the abdominal cavity of the side 15 and fixed on the 16 mounting plate.

Further, 1 basin-type insulating cover, 6 cover plate assembly, 8 cover plate, 10 end cover plate, 16 mounting plate, 2 transition cylinder, 3 test-specific cylinder, 15 side attached cavity The sealed tank formed by the external A removable support trolley lifts, the wheels of the trolley can be locked, and the height of the support can be adjusted.

Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, the 17 electrostatic probe motion measurement mechanism is specifically composed of 21 photoelectric switch one, 22 rotating motor one, 23 sliding rod, 24 electrostatic probe, 25 clamp, 26 screw, 27 barrel, 28 rotating shaft, 29 photoelectric switch two, 30 bracket, 31 rotary motor two, 32 large screw rod, 33 slider unit, 34 slider connecting plate, 35 rotary motor three, 36 photoelectric switch three. 21 photoelectric switch is installed on the 27 cylinder shell, 22 rotating motor is installed on the outside of the 30 bracket, one end of the 28 rotating shaft is connected to the inside of the 29 bracket, the other end is connected to the 25 fixture, 24 electrostatic probe is clamped by the 25 fixture, 28 rotates The movement of the shaft can thus drive the rotation of the 14 electrostatic probe. The 23 sliding rod sleeve and the 26 screw rod are both packaged in the 27 sleeve. The 23 sliding rod can move in the vertical plane, thereby driving the 24 electrostatic probe to move in the vertical direction. The 33 slider unit is placed horizontally on the 16 mounting plate, and is sheathed outside the 32 large lead screw. The 33 slider unit is connected through the 34 slider connecting plate, and the 33 slider unit can move in the horizontal direction, thereby driving the 24 electrostatic probe in the Movement in the horizontal direction. 22 Rotary Motor 1, 31 Rotary Motor 2, 33 Rotary Motor 3 Drive 24 Electrostatic Probe to rotate, move horizontally and vertically. 21 photoelectric switch 1, 29 photoelectric switch 2, 36 photoelectric switch 3 are used to correct the initial position of the 24 electrostatic probe movement in three directions to ensure that the 24 electrostatic probe is in the same position before each measurement starts.

In the foregoing embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, in order to measure the concave and convex surfaces of the insulator at the same time, rotating the 4-iron cast handwheel drives the 7-DC insulating rod to rotate, and the 18-conducting rod can be moved to 20 through the 19-transmission mechanism. Inside the conductive rod, and make the end of the 18 conductive rod rise to 250mm from the surface of the insulator to provide enough measurement space for the electrostatic probe movement measurement mechanism.

In the foregoing embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 , the above-mentioned electrostatic probe control mechanism for measuring the surface potential of a complex insulating structure further includes 13 a driving device and 17 a control system of the electrostatic probe motion measurement mechanism. The control system includes 37 acquisition and display terminals, 38 control distribution cabinets, and 39 man-machine interfaces. The 37 acquisition and display terminal collects and displays the signals measured by the 24 electrostatic probes. The 38 control distribution cabinet is composed of PLC and IO modules, which are used to write the control program of the electrostatic probe motion measurement mechanism. Stop and reset three commands.

In the aforementioned embodiment, the present invention sets the rotation speed of the pot under test as 1 rms, and the electrostatic probe can always keep a distance of 3mm from the mounting surface of the pot under test during measurement. When using the active probe method to measure the surface charge, it is necessary to keep the probe perpendicular to the surface of the insulator. Due to the complex structure of the actual insulator, the present invention sets the angle between the 24 electrostatic probes and the 9 measured pots to be kept at 90°±30°. This setting can ensure that the full coverage measurement of the insulator surface can be achieved within 5 minutes. During measurement, the 24 electrostatic probe moves to 3mm away from the mounting surface of the tested basin, and keeps it vertical, and the insulator rotates 360° at the same time. After the required signal is measured, the insulator stops rotating, and the 17 electrostatic probe movement measurement mechanism adjusts the 24 electrostatic probe posture. , and then the 9 tested basin assemblies are rotated again, and the process is repeated until all the insulator surfaces are measured.

Further, when the tested basin is assembled and rotated, the 37 acquisition and display terminal will receive a high-level reference signal, and the 17 electrostatic probe motion measurement mechanism will receive a low-level reference signal during the attitude adjustment of the 37 acquisition and display terminal. Helps to extract the measurement signal, so as to realize continuous measurement.

On the aforementioned embodiment, the present invention provides a method for determining the motion trajectory of the electrostatic probe motion measurement mechanism:

Make sure that 21 photoelectric switch one, 29 photoelectric switch two, and 36 photoelectric switch three are all in the initial position;

A Cartesian coordinate system is established with the center of the measurement surface of the 24 electrostatic probe as the origin, and the horizontal movement direction of the 7 electrostatic probe motion measurement mechanism is the x-axis and the vertical movement direction is the y-axis;

Select 9. The basin to be tested is assembled on a surface arc in the plane formed by the x-axis and the y-axis, and the sampling points are selected at 2mm intervals, and the measurement mechanism is based on 17 electrostatic probe motion measurement mechanism, 3 test special cylinder, 15 side attached cavity The size of each sampling point determines the coordinates of each sampling point in the constructed coordinate system;

According to the setting that the 24 electrostatic probe is moved to 3mm from the mounting surface of the 9 tested basin, the angle between the 24 electrostatic probe and the 9 tested basin can be maintained at 90°±30°, it is inferred that the 7 electrostatic probes measure each The coordinates of each sampling point, connecting the coordinates of each measurement point is the motion trajectory of the 7 electrostatic probes;

Write a control program through the control system of the 17 electrostatic probe motion measurement mechanism to realize the movement of the 7 electrostatic probe. After the 9 measured basin is assembled and rotated 360°, the 17 electrostatic probe motion measurement mechanism control system adjusts the 7 electrostatic probe to move to the next measurement point. .

A method for measuring the surface potential of a complex insulating structure, the present invention provides the following measurement steps:

Treat the assembly surface of 9 tested pots, wipe with absolute ethanol and dry naturally to ensure that there is no charge on the surface;

Connect 14 electrical connection parts and 18 conductive rods to an external circuit. Before the experiment, it is necessary to check that the air tightness of the insulator surface charge measurement system is good. 6. Cover plate assembly, 8 cover plate, 10 end cover plate, 15 side attached cavity, 16 closed space formed by mounting plate is evacuated, and washed with dry gas, and finally filled with 0.3MPa dry insulating gas;

Apply voltage to the circuit, the positive and negative of the voltage at both ends of the tested basin assembly is determined by the external circuit. During pressurization, 18 conductive rods are kept in contact with the surface of 9 measured basins, press the reset interface of 39 man-machine interface to keep each movement axis at the initial position, at this time 17 electrostatic probe motion measurement mechanism keeps 24 electrostatic probe retracted into the abdominal cavity , to prevent damage by high voltage breakdown;

After the pressurization is completed, rotate the 4-iron cast handwheel to shrink the 18-conductor rod into the 20-conductor support, and keep the front section of the 18-conductor rod 250mm away from the mounting surface of the 9-tested pot;

Press the start button on the 39 man-machine interface, 9 the measured basin assembly and 17 static probe motion measurement mechanism move according to the motion trajectory set by the program, and the measured signal is collected by 37 acquisition display terminal;

When the signal is extracted, the measurement signal corresponding to the high-level reference signal is the required measurement signal;

During the measurement, if there is any emergency, you can press the stop button on the 39 man-machine interface to stop the measurement process at any time, and press the reset button on the 39 man-machine interface, and the 17 electrostatic probe movement measurement mechanism can return to the initial position.

The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of these technical features, All should be regarded as the scope described in this specification.

Claims (9)

1. An electrostatic probe control mechanism for measuring the surface potential of a complex insulating structure is characterized in that: comprising a measured basin assembly (9), an insulating connecting rod (11), a transmission assembly (12), a driving assembly (13), an electrical connection Part (14); the drive assembly (13) has a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is connected with the transmission assembly (12), and one end of the insulating connecting rod (11) is used for connecting with the tested basin assembly (9), The other end is connected with the rotating shaft through the transmission assembly (12), thereby driving the tested basin assembly (9) to rotate, so that the tested basin assembly (9) can cooperate with the electrostatic probe motion measurement mechanism to perform scanning measurement on its surface; It also includes a cast iron handwheel (4), a shaft seal fitting (5), a conductive rod (18), a conductor support (20), a transmission mechanism (19), and an insulating pull rod (7); the cast iron handwheel (4) and the shaft The sealing fitting (5) is connected, one end of the insulating pull rod (7) is connected with the shaft sealing fitting (5), the other end of the insulating pulling rod (7) is connected with the transmission mechanism (19), and one end of the conductive rod (18) is connected with the transmission mechanism (19) , the other end of the conductive rod (18) is connected with the measured basin assembly (9), and the conductor support (20) is hollow inside; It also includes a basin-type insulating cover (1), a transition cylinder (2), a test-specific cylinder (3), a cover assembly (6), a cover (8), an end cover (10), a side cavity ( 15) A mounting plate (16), one end of the transition cylinder (2) is connected to the basin-type insulating cover (1), and the other end is welded to the test-specific cylinder (3), and the cover is assembled ( 6) The cover plate (8) is installed in the middle of the test cylinder (3); the end cover plate (10) is installed at the bottom of the test cylinder (3), and the side is attached to the bottom of the cylinder (3). One end of the cavity (15) is welded with the test cylinder (3), and the mounting plate (16) is mounted on the other end of the side cavity (15); in this way, a closed test environment is formed to keep the cavity The gas environment inside the body is stable; Also includes an electrostatic probe motion measurement mechanism (17); the electrostatic probe motion measurement mechanism (17) is installed in the lateral abdominal cavity (15) and fixed on the mounting plate (16); the lateral abdominal cavity (15) contains two electrostatic probes for motion measurement The mechanism (17) is located on the left and right sides, respectively, to ensure that the concave surface and the convex surface of the insulator can be measured; the electrostatic probe motion measurement mechanism (17) also includes a photoelectric switch (21), a rotary motor (22), and a sliding rod (23) , electrostatic probe (24), clamp (25), screw (26), cylinder shell (27), rotating shaft (28), photoelectric switch two (29), bracket (30), rotating motor two (31), large The screw (32), the slider unit (33), the slider connecting plate (34), the third rotating motor (35), and the third photoelectric switch (36); the first photoelectric switch (21) is installed on the cylinder shell (35). 27), the first rotating motor (22) is installed on the outside of the bracket (30), one end of the rotating shaft (30) is connected to the inside of the bracket (30), and the other end is connected to the clamp (25) , the electrostatic probe is clamped by the fixture (25), and the movement of the rotating shaft (28) can drive the rotation of the electrostatic probe; the sliding rod (23) is sleeved on the outside of the screw (26), two Both are packaged in the cylindrical shell, the sliding rod (23) can move in a vertical plane, thereby driving the electrostatic probe to move in the vertical direction; the sliding block unit (33) is placed horizontally on the installation The sliding block unit (33) is connected through the sliding block connecting plate, and the sliding block unit (33) can move in the horizontal direction , thereby driving the electrostatic probe to move in the horizontal direction; The device can simultaneously measure the concave and convex surfaces of the pot-type insulator. The designed measuring mechanism can realize the full-coverage measurement of the pot-type insulator through the three-dimensional movement of the probe movement mechanism and the cooperation of the insulator rotating mechanism. The control circuit realizes automatic measurement. 2. An electrostatic probe control mechanism for measuring the surface potential of a complex insulating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first rotary motor (22), the second rotary motor (31), the third rotary motor (35) Drive the electrostatic probe to rotate, move horizontally and vertically; the first photoelectric switch (21), the second photoelectric switch (29), and the third photoelectric switch (36) are used to correct the static electricity The initial position of the probe moving in three directions ensures that the electrostatic probe is in the same position before each measurement starts. 3. The electrostatic probe control mechanism for measuring the surface potential of a complex insulating structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: further comprising a control assembly, the control assembly comprising a collection and display terminal (37), a control distribution cabinet (38) ), a man-machine interface (39); the acquisition and display terminal (37) is used to acquire the measured signal, and the control power distribution cabinet (38) is used to control the rotational movement direction, rotational speed and Rotation angle, in addition, the control distribution cabinet is also used to control the movement mechanism's ascent and descent and the rotation of the electrostatic probe; the man-machine interface (39) provides the user with three commands: start, stop, and reset. 4. An electrostatic probe control mechanism for measuring the surface potential of a complex insulating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: rotating the cast iron handwheel (4) through the transmission mechanism (19) ) can move the end of the conductive rod (18) to a distance of 250 mm from the surface of the insulator. 5. An electrostatic probe control mechanism for measuring the surface potential of a complex insulating structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: the measured basin assembly (9) further comprises a support assembly, and the support assembly is installed in the test The inner wall of the special cylinder (3) is used for rolling support for the assembly of the tested basin. 6 . The electrostatic probe control mechanism for measuring the surface potential of complex insulating structures according to claim 5 , wherein the measured pot assembly ( 9 ) is a detachable structure and is suitable for different pot structures. 7 . 7 . The electrostatic probe control mechanism for measuring the surface potential of complex insulating structures according to claim 6 , wherein the transmission assembly ( 12 ) further comprises a seal, the transmission assembly further comprises a guide sleeve, and the The guide sleeve is provided with a groove, and the seal is arranged in the groove. 8. The electrostatic probe control mechanism for measuring the surface potential of a complex insulating structure according to any one of claims 5-7, characterized in that it further comprises an external support frame, the support frame is used to support the insulation by the basin type Cover (1), transition cylinder (2), test cylinder (3), cover assembly (6), cover (8), end cover (10), side cavity (15), mounting plate (16) The sealed tank body is formed, and the height of the sealed tank body to the ground can be adjusted. 9. A method for measuring the surface potential of a complex insulating structure realized based on the electrostatic probe control mechanism according to any one of claims 5-7, characterized in that, comprising the following content: Treat the surface of the tested basin assembly (9), wipe it with absolute ethanol and dry it naturally to ensure that there is no charge on its surface; Connect the electrical connection part (14) and the conductive rod (18) to an external circuit. Before the experiment, it is necessary to check that the air-tightness of the insulator surface charge measurement system is good. ), the test cylinder (3), the cover plate assembly (6), the cover plate (8), the end cover plate (10), the side attached cavity (15), and the closed space formed by the mounting plate (16) is evacuated , and wash with dry gas, and finally fill with 0.3MPa dry insulating gas; Apply voltage to the circuit, the positive and negative of the voltage at both ends of the tested pot assembly (9) is determined by the external circuit; when pressurized, the conductive rod (18) keeps in contact with the surface of the tested pot assembly (9), and presses the man-machine interface ( 39) of the reset interface to keep each movement axis at the initial position, at this time the electrostatic probe movement measurement mechanism (17) keeps the electrostatic probe (24) retracted into the abdominal cavity to prevent damage by high voltage breakdown; After the pressurization is completed, rotate the cast iron handwheel (4) to shrink the conductive rod (18) into the conductor support (20), and keep the front section of the conductive rod (18) 250mm away from the surface of the pot assembly (9) under test; Pressing the start button on the man-machine interface (39), the measured basin assembly (9) and the electrostatic probe motion measuring mechanism (17) move according to the motion trajectory set by the program, and the measured signal is collected by the collection display terminal (37); When the signal is extracted, the measurement signal corresponding to the high-level reference signal is the required measurement signal; During the measurement, in case of any unexpected situation, you can press the stop button on the man-machine interface (39) to stop the measurement process at any time, press the reset button on the man-machine interface (39), and the electrostatic probe moves the measuring mechanism (17). return to the original position.

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