CN104990775B - A kind of hollow cylinder sample saturator - Google Patents
A kind of hollow cylinder sample saturator Download PDFInfo
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- CN104990775B CN104990775B CN201510390537.8A CN201510390537A CN104990775B CN 104990775 B CN104990775 B CN 104990775B CN 201510390537 A CN201510390537 A CN 201510390537A CN 104990775 B CN104990775 B CN 104990775B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of hollow cylinder sample saturators, including hollow sample outer barrel mechanism and hollow sample inner cylinder mechanism, sample inner cylinder mechanism is set in sample outer barrel mechanism, sample outer barrel mechanism and sample inner cylinder mechanism are fixedly installed in specimen mount, outer at Mo Tong mechanisms includes sample outer barrel, and sample outer barrel surrounds cylinder by three valves；The outer layer of sample outer barrel is fixed by outer garter spring, and outer support bar is provided on the outside of sample outer barrel, and outer support bar surrounds circle；The lower end of sample outer barrel and outer support bar is fixed in specimen mount, and the upper end of sample outer barrel and outer support bar is provided with outer barrel top cap.Hollow cylinder sample saturator is simple in structure, easy to use, time saving and energy saving, strong applicability, each design link rationally efficiently utilizes material property and experiment experience, it avoids test apparatus and repeats the wasting of resources caused by configuring, to reach good test effect, great help is provided for the saturated sample experiment of hollow cylinder torsional shear instrument.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to earthwork test Instrument equipment technical fields, and in particular to a kind of hollow cylinder sample saturator.
Background technology
Saturated sample especially studies intensity, deformation and the hole of soil during civil engineering practice is with theoretical research
Have the function of when the mechanical characteristics such as water pressure particularly important.Hollow cylinder torsional shear instrument be in current laboratory soil test instrument most
For complicated, function one of instrument the most powerful, however had the following problems preparing the when of being saturated hollow cylinder sample：1) usually
Remodeling sample is prepared using compacting process, but there is no matching saturators, and the remodeling sample of saturation can not be made；2) true
Saturation reshaped clay sample can be made using vacuum pump pumping slurries shape soil sample 10 days or more in empty suction method after coring.However,
When there are larger inhomogeneities for moisture content for the hole for the sample that consolidation is completed, and high equipment cost needed for sample preparation, operation are again
It is miscellaneous, the sample preparation time is longer, it is difficult to it is extensive to promote；3) back pressure saturation method applies larger back-pressure so that examination by instrument to sample
Sample is saturated, fine for sand effect, for cohesive soil, since its infiltration coefficient is small so that saturation process is very long, is saturated
Effect is poor；4) existing cylindrical saturator is not directly applicable open circles due to that can not provide support to sample internal diameter
The saturation of column sample.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, vacuum saturation is used, it is contemplated that soil mechanics laboratory is provided with pertinent instruments, effectively
Ground avoids the wasting of resources caused by repetition configuration.However, hollow cylinder sample does not have ready-made saturator, since cohesive soil oozes
Permeability is poor, and hollow cylinder sample volume is larger and inner hollow, three conventional axis sample saturators have been unable to meet requirement,
Therefore it needs to redesign and configure saturator.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of hollow cylinder sample saturators can solve for hollow cylinder torsional shear instrument
The saturation problem of hollow cylinder sample completes the preparation of saturation hollow cylinder sample.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is a kind of hollow cylinder sample saturator, including hollow sample outer barrel machine
Structure and hollow sample inner cylinder mechanism, sample inner cylinder mechanism is set in sample outer barrel mechanism, in sample outer barrel mechanism and sample
Cylinder mechanism is fixedly installed in specimen mount, and outer at Mo Tong mechanisms includes sample outer barrel, and sample outer barrel is surrounded by three valves
Cylinder；The outer layer of sample outer barrel is fixed by outer garter spring, and outer support bar is provided on the outside of sample outer barrel, and outer support bar surrounds circle
Shape；The lower end of sample outer barrel and outer support bar is fixed in specimen mount, and the upper end of sample outer barrel and outer support bar is provided with outside
Cylinder top cap.
The features of the present invention also characterized in that
Sample inner cylinder mechanism includes sample inner cylinder, and sample inner cylinder is surrounded by the big valve of 2 inner cylinders and the small valve of 2 inner cylinders
Hollow cylinder；Vertical inner bracing piece is provided in the cavity of sample inner cylinder；The lower end of sample inner cylinder and inner bracing piece is fixed
In in specimen mount, the upper end of sample inner cylinder and inner bracing piece is fixed in sample inner cylinder top cap；Hollow cylinder sample is positioned over
Between sample outer barrel and sample inner cylinder, it is provided at both ends with water permeable device.
It is equipped with pedestal inner bracing piece mounting hole, pedestal inner cylinder slot and pedestal external tube groove in specimen mount successively from inside to outside,
It is provided with outer support bar mounting hole outside pedestal external tube groove.
The centrally disposed crown cap inner bracing piece mounting hole of inner cylinder top cap, the edge of inner cylinder top cap are provided with inner cylinder top cap
Fixing groove.
Outer barrel top cap fixing groove is provided in outer barrel top cap, the edge of outer barrel top cap is provided with outer support bar mounting hole.
The valve of sample outer barrel is annular valve.
The annular valve that angle is 150 ° centered on the big valve of inner cylinder；The annular valve that angle is 30 ° centered on the small valve of inner cylinder.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Hollow cylinder sample saturator is simple in structure, easy to use, time saving and energy saving, applicable
Property it is strong, each design link rationally and efficiently utilize material property and experiment experience, avoid test apparatus repeat configure
Caused by the wasting of resources, to reach good test effect, for hollow cylinder torsional shear instrument saturated sample experiment provide
Greatly help.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal section structural drawing of hollow cylinder sample saturator of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the inner cylinder top cap upward view of hollow cylinder sample saturator of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of the inner cylinder top cap of hollow cylinder sample saturator of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the upward view of the outer barrel top cap of hollow cylinder sample saturator of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the sectional view of the outer barrel top cap of hollow cylinder sample saturator of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the upward view of the specimen mount of hollow cylinder sample saturator of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the sectional view of the specimen mount of hollow cylinder sample saturator of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the sample inner cylinder of hollow cylinder sample saturator of the present invention and the fit structure schematic diagram of inner bracing piece；
Fig. 9 is the water permeable device structural schematic diagram of hollow cylinder sample saturator of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of the sample outer barrel and outer garter spring of hollow cylinder sample saturator of the present invention.
In figure, 1. pedestals, 2. outer support bars, 3. outer barrel top caps, 4. outer garter springs, 5. sample outer barrels, 6. water permeable devices, 7. examinations
Sample inner cylinder, 8. inner cylinder top caps, 9. inner bracing pieces, 10. hollow cylinder samples, 11. outer support bar mounting holes, 12. outer barrel top caps are solid
Determine slot, 13. inner cylinder top cap fixing grooves, 14. top cap inner bracing piece mounting holes, 15. pedestal external tube grooves, 16. pedestal inner cylinder slots, 17.
Pedestal inner bracing piece mounting hole, the small valve of 18. inner cylinders, 19. permeable stones, the big valve of 20. inner cylinders, 21. valves.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in detail With reference to embodiment.
The present invention discloses a kind of hollow cylinder sample saturator, as shown in Figure 1, including hollow sample outer barrel mechanism in
Empty sample inner cylinder mechanism, sample inner cylinder mechanism are set in sample outer barrel mechanism, sample outer barrel mechanism and sample inner cylinder mechanism
It is fixedly installed in specimen mount 1, outer at Mo Tong mechanisms includes sample outer barrel 5, and sample outer barrel 5 surrounds circle by three valves 21
Cylinder；The outer layer of sample outer barrel 5 is fixed by outer garter spring 4, and the outside of sample outer barrel 5 is provided with outer support bar 2, and outer support bar 2 surrounds
It is round；The lower end of sample outer barrel 5 and outer support bar 2 is fixed in specimen mount 1, and the upper end of sample outer barrel 5 and outer support bar 2 is set
It is equipped with outer barrel top cap 3.
Sample inner cylinder mechanism includes sample inner cylinder 7, and sample inner cylinder 7 is by the big valve 20 of 2 inner cylinders and two inner cylinder valvulas
The hollow cylinder that film 18 surrounds；Vertical inner bracing piece 9 is provided in the cavity of sample inner cylinder 7；Sample inner cylinder 7 and inner support
The lower end of bar 9 is fixed in specimen mount 1, and the upper end of sample inner cylinder 7 and inner bracing piece 9 is fixed in inner cylinder top cap 8；Outside sample
It is provided with hollow cylinder sample 10 between cylinder 5 and sample inner cylinder 7, hollow cylinder sample 10 is provided at both ends with water permeable device 6.
As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, it is equipped with pedestal inner bracing piece mounting hole 17 in specimen mount 1 successively from inside to outside, outside pedestal
Cylinder slot 15 and pedestal inner cylinder slot 16, pedestal inner cylinder slot 16 are provided with outer support bar mounting hole 11 outside.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the centrally disposed crown cap inner bracing piece mounting hole 14 of inner cylinder top cap 8, for fixed interior branch
The edge of strut 9, inner cylinder top cap 8 is provided with inner cylinder top cap fixing groove 13, for fixing sample inner cylinder 7.
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, outer barrel top cap fixing groove 12 is provided in outer barrel top cap 3, for fixing sample outer barrel 5
The edge at top, outer barrel top cap 3 is provided with outer support bar mounting hole 11, for fixing outer support bar 2.The valve of sample outer barrel 5
Film 21 is annular valve.The annular valve that angle is 150 ° centered on the big valve 20 of inner cylinder；Angle is 30 ° centered on the small valve 18 of inner cylinder
Annular valve.Copper rodlike permeable stone 19 is embedded on the big valve of inner cylinder 20.
Outer support bar mounting hole 11, pedestal external tube groove 15, pedestal inner cylinder slot 16, pedestal inner bracing piece are equipped on pedestal 1
Mounting hole 17, to fixed outer support bar 2, sample outer barrel 5, sample inner cylinder 7, inner bracing piece 9.5 outside of sample outer barrel is by four
4 banding of outer garter spring, water permeable device 6 are placed between sample outer barrel 5 and sample inner cylinder 7, are placed above and are waited for saturated sample, sample top
Also water permeable device 6 is placed in end.Inner cylinder top cap 8 is hollow, only a strut support, so that water flows into inner cylinder.In sample inner cylinder 7 stretches into
In cylinder top cap fixing groove 13, and it is fixed on inner bracing piece 9.Outer barrel top cap 3 is hollow, consolidates sample outer barrel 5 by outer support bar 2
It is fixed, it is six roots of sensation strut with 6 contact position of water permeable device, so that water penetrates into water permeable device 6.
It carries out according to the following steps when specific operation：
1) by latex film on sample loading cylinder inner wall sleeve, and cuff is on 10 outer surface of hollow cylinder sample to be saturated, to prevent peace
During filling saturator, sample is destroyed.By water permeable device 6, filter paper, non-woven fabrics immersion.
2) water permeable device 6 is placed in specimen mount 1, is inserted after one layer of wet non-woven fabrics is wrapped up in 7 outer surface of sample inner cylinder
Enter sample inner core, sample 10, sample loading cylinder and sample inner cylinder 7-are risen and are placed on water permeable device 6.Non-woven fabrics is pressed into pedestal
In cylinder slot 16, then, inner bracing piece 9 is inserted into sample inner cylinder 7,9 side arm of inner bracing piece is embedded in the card slot of the small valve of inner cylinder 18
Afterwards, it is fixed on pedestal inner bracing piece mounting hole 17.The inner cylinder top cap fixing groove 13 of inner cylinder top cap 8 is stuck in sample inner cylinder 7 to push up
End, blending bolt are fixed with inner bracing piece 9.
3) sample loading cylinder and latex film are taken down, installation sample outer barrel 5 arrives pedestal after one layer of filter paper is wrapped up in sample outer surface
On external tube groove 15,4 banding of outer garter spring of sample outer barrel 5.After one layer of filter paper is pasted on sample top, water permeable device 6 is placed, by outer barrel
Top cap 3 is buckled in sample top, and pedestal 1 and outer barrel top cap 3 are fixed by outer support bar 2.
With reference to the relevant operation of vacuum saturation in soil test testing regulations, mounted saturator is put into vacuum reservoir
In, in the case where pressure vacuum gauge is an atmospheric pressure, vacuum is saturated more than for 24 hours.After the completion of saturation, saturator is taken out, is pressed
Outside according to outer support bar 2, outer barrel top cap 3, water permeable device 6, inner cylinder top cap 8, inner bracing piece 9, sample inner cylinder 7, outer garter spring 4, sample
The sequence of cylinder 5 is removed successively, the hollow cylinder sample to be saturated.
Hollow cylinder sample saturator is mainly by pedestal 1, outer support bar 2, outer barrel top cap 3, sample outer barrel 5, inner bracing piece
9, inner cylinder top cap 8, sample inner cylinder 7, water permeable device 6 form.Pedestal inner bracing piece mounting hole 17, circular base are equipped on pedestal 1
Seat external tube groove 15 and cup dolly inner cylinder slot 16, successively by outer support bar 2, sample outer barrel 5, water permeable device 6, sample inner cylinder 7, interior
Supporting rod 9 is fixed.Outer support bar 2 is fixed sample outer barrel 5 by outer barrel top cap 3, and inner bracing piece 9 and inner cylinder top cap 8 jointly will
Sample inner cylinder 7 is fixed, and there is a card slot of fixed inner bracing piece 9 in 18 inside of the small valve of inner cylinder, and the big valve of inner cylinder 20 is by stainless steel and copper
The rodlike 19 alternate composition of permeable stone of matter, respectively there are one water permeable devices 6 for placement for sample upper and lower ends.
The main body instrument (hollow cylinder torsional shear instrument) that the present invention is depended on is a kind of earthwork test Instrument at tip, automatic
Change degree is high, powerful, widely used, there is extensive purposes in soil test indoors.However due to hollow cylinder torsional
Cutting instrument, there is no mating saturators, can only carry out back-pressure saturation by instrument itself, this method is for preparing saturated sand
Sample is fine, but for clay sample, since its infiltration coefficient is small so that saturation process is very long, saturation effect is poor, significantly
Reduce the working efficiency of instrument and the confidence level of follow-up test.
The present invention application method be：It is placed on pedestal after water permeable device 6 is soaked first, in its surface layer overlay
Wet filter paper；Secondly, it would be desirable to which the hollow cylinder sample inner and outer surfaces of saturation are placed on after wrapping up one layer of filter paper (or non-woven fabrics)
On water permeable device 6；Again, sample inner cylinder, inner bracing piece, inner cylinder top cap, sample outer barrel, outer garter spring, outer barrel top cap, outer is installed
Supporting rod；Finally, the saturator of mounted sample is placed into vacuum saturation cylinder, is advised according to the correlation of soil test specification
Cheng Jinhang vacuum saturation testings, to which sample to be saturated.
The present invention operation principle be：Since the permeability of cohesive soil is poor, back pressure saturation method can not be used to be saturated, because
And the present invention is realized using vacuum saturation.By rationally designing, saturator is equal in sample inner surface and the upper and lower surface of sample
It is additionally arranged water permeable device 6 so that the seepage distance of water greatly shortens in saturation process, only 20mm, even less than normal triaxial
Sample, thus vacuum-saturated pressure can refer to the progress of normal triaxial sample with the time.In addition, in saturation process, in sample,
One layer of filter paper (or non-woven fabrics) is wrapped up in outer surface, prevents the soil body to be bonded on saturator while accelerating saturation, effectively
Improve the integrity degree of sample.
Embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail above in conjunction with attached drawing, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment party
Formula, one skilled in the relevant art within the scope of knowledge, can also make many variations to it.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of hollow cylinder sample saturator, it is characterised in that：
Including hollow sample outer barrel mechanism and hollow sample inner cylinder mechanism, sample inner cylinder mechanism is set to sample outer barrel
In mechanism, sample outer barrel mechanism and sample inner cylinder mechanism are fixedly installed in specimen mount (1)；
The sample outer barrel mechanism includes sample outer barrel (5), and the sample outer barrel (5) surrounds cylinder by three valves (21)；
The outer layer of the sample outer barrel (5) is fixed by outer garter spring (4), and outer support bar (2) is provided on the outside of the sample outer barrel (5),
The outer support bar (2) surrounds circle；
The lower end of the sample outer barrel (5) and outer support bar (2) is fixed in specimen mount (1), the sample outer barrel (5) and outer
The upper end of supporting rod (2) is provided with outer barrel top cap (3)；
The sample inner cylinder mechanism includes the sample inner cylinder (7) of hollow cylindrical；The lower end of the sample inner cylinder (7) is fixed
In specimen mount (1), upper end is fixedly connected with sample inner cylinder top cap (8), the sample inner cylinder (7) and sample outer barrel (5)
Between form cylindrical cavity for placing sample, the upper and lower end of the cylindrical cavity is both provided with water permeable device
(6)。
2. a kind of hollow cylinder sample saturator as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The sample inner cylinder (7)
It is surrounded by 2 big valves of inner cylinder (20) and 2 small valves of inner cylinder (18), is also set in the cavity of the sample inner cylinder (7)
It is equipped with vertical inner bracing piece (9)；The lower end of the sample inner cylinder (7) and inner bracing piece (9) is fixed in specimen mount (1),
The upper end of the sample inner cylinder (7) and inner bracing piece (9) is fixed in sample inner cylinder top cap (8)；The water permeable device (6) is
Annular permeable stone, the permeable ring of copper or miillpore filter.
3. a kind of hollow cylinder sample saturator as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：On the specimen mount (1)
It is equipped with pedestal inner bracing piece mounting hole (17), pedestal inner cylinder slot (16) and pedestal external tube groove (15), the bottom successively from inside to outside
It is provided with outer support bar mounting hole (11) outside seat external tube groove (15).
4. a kind of hollow cylinder sample saturator as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The inner cylinder top cap (8)
The edge of centrally disposed crown cap inner bracing piece mounting hole (14), the inner cylinder top cap (8) is provided with inner cylinder top cap fixing groove
(13)。
5. a kind of hollow cylinder sample saturator as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：On the outer barrel top cap (3)
It is provided with outer barrel top cap fixing groove (12), the edge of the outer barrel top cap (3) is provided with outer support bar mounting hole (11).
6. a kind of hollow cylinder sample saturator as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The sample outer barrel (5)
Valve (21) is annular valve.
7. a kind of hollow cylinder sample saturator as described in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The big valve of inner cylinder (20)
Centered on angle be 150 ° of annular valve；The annular valve that angle is 30 ° centered on the small valve of inner cylinder (18).
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| CN104990775B true CN104990775B (en) | 2018-07-31 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105445167A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-03-30 | 常熟市徐润机电有限公司 | Saturator |
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| CN111896359B (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2023-09-05 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Frozen soil sample saturation and freezing integrated device and application method thereof |
| CN111948377B (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2023-02-14 | 南京信息工程大学 | Rock-soil triaxial free expansion instrument |
| CN112985948A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-06-18 | 济南大学 | Mounting method, dismounting method and using method of hollow cylindrical sample |
| CN114383908B (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2023-06-20 | 江苏科技大学 | Saturator, triaxial test sample preparation device and sample preparation method |
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| CN103471924A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2013-12-25 | 东南大学 | Steel bridge floor and pavement interface shear test device |
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| CN205426608U (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2016-08-03 | 中国人民解放军后勤工程学院 | Hollow cylinder sample saturator |
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| KR20130100446A (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2013-09-11 | 박인준 | Apparatus to testing shear of a different kinds's interface |
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| EP0763726A2 (en) * | 1995-09-01 | 1997-03-19 | Rheinische Kalksteinwerke GmbH. | Device for measuring properties of flowable bulk solids |
| CN103471924A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2013-12-25 | 东南大学 | Steel bridge floor and pavement interface shear test device |
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