CN112985948A - Mounting method, dismounting method and using method of hollow cylindrical sample - Google Patents
Mounting method, dismounting method and using method of hollow cylindrical sample Download PDFInfo
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- CN112985948A CN112985948A CN202110338434.2A CN202110338434A CN112985948A CN 112985948 A CN112985948 A CN 112985948A CN 202110338434 A CN202110338434 A CN 202110338434A CN 112985948 A CN112985948 A CN 112985948A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940099259 vaseline Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004451 qualitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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Abstract
一种空心圆柱试样的安装方法、拆卸方法及使用方法，包括有内筒、固结外筒、透水顶盖和排水底盘；其中，内筒包括有四瓣呈圆弧状设置的内筒组件、固定槽、透水孔；固结外筒包括有两瓣呈半圆状设置的固结外筒组件，固定台，固定孔A；锁紧块，限位槽、限位块；透水顶盖的中心处设置有一通孔；排水底盘整体呈圆盘状，设置有集水孔。本发明的安装与连接多采用榫卯卡扣形式，使得土样更能准确贴近所需标准尺寸；形成密闭性较高的真空仓，便于水、气的排出，对含水量的控制更加准确；且有效降低了拆样时对土样的扰动程度，避免了对土样内、外径进行二次切削，为一次性快速制成具有国际常用标准内、外径的饱和空心圆柱试样提供了可能。An installation method, disassembly method and use method of a hollow cylindrical sample, comprising an inner cylinder, a consolidated outer cylinder, a permeable top cover and a drainage chassis; wherein, the inner cylinder includes an inner cylinder assembly with four petals arranged in an arc shape , fixing groove, water permeable hole; the consolidation outer cylinder includes a consolidation outer cylinder assembly with two semicircular petals, a fixing table, a fixing hole A; a locking block, a limit groove, a limit block; the center of the permeable top cover A through hole is arranged at the base; the drainage chassis is in the shape of a disc as a whole, and a water collecting hole is arranged. The installation and connection of the present invention mostly adopts the form of tenon-and-mortise buckle, so that the soil sample can be more accurately close to the required standard size; a vacuum chamber with high airtightness is formed, which is convenient for the discharge of water and gas, and the control of the water content is more accurate; And effectively reduce the disturbance of the soil sample when disassembling the sample, avoid the secondary cutting of the inner and outer diameters of the soil sample, and provide a one-time rapid production of saturated hollow cylindrical samples with the inner and outer diameters of commonly used international standards. possible.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rock and soil, in particular to an installation method, a disassembly method and a use method of a hollow cylindrical sample.
Background
Remolded clay is one of the most widely applied soils in geotechnical tests, and has the characteristics of small particle size, low strength, poor permeability, easy disturbance and damage and large stress deformation. The existing preparation methods of remolded clay mainly comprise a compaction method and a slurry consolidation method. The compaction method is that prepared wet soil samples are poured into a compactor, the soil samples are compacted in a layering mode through a heavy hammer, and the samples are taken out and then saturated through air suction. Because the height of the layered compaction layer and the size of the gravity acting are difficult to control manually and accurately, the uniformity of the prepared sample is difficult to ensure, the water content and the density are difficult to control accurately, and the preparation of the sample with higher water content is more difficult.
The slurry consolidation method is classified into a pressure consolidation method and a vacuum consolidation method according to different consolidation powers. The principle of preparing the soil sample by pressurizing and consolidating is simpler, but a sample preparation device is generally heavier, the consolidation time is longer, and large-volume soil blocks are required to be segmented, drilled and cut after the consolidation is finished so as to prepare hollow cylindrical soil samples with standard sizes. The method has the advantages of long integral sample preparation period, large cutting operation difficulty and obvious disturbance to soil sample disturbance, and is not beneficial to qualitative analysis in the hollow cylinder torsional shear test.
The vacuum consolidation method can well discharge water and gas in the soil sample, and particularly has obvious effect on clay with poor permeability. However, the existing sample preparation test equipment has large volume and obvious mud separation phenomenon in sample preparation, and in order to obtain a hollow cylindrical sample meeting the size requirement, secondary cutting is carried out on the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the soil sample, so that the hollow cylindrical sample (particularly the side wall of the soil sample) is easily disturbed to different degrees, and the uniformity of the soil sample in the test is difficult to ensure. When a vacuum consolidation method is adopted for sample preparation, if the vacuum negative pressure is increased for shortening the consolidation time and the loaded stress in the subsequent test is lower than the stress level in the sample preparation, the soil sample in the test is in a hyperconcentration state, thereby generating great influence on the test result.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an installation method, a disassembly method and a use method of a hollow cylindrical sample.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the installation method of the sample preparation device of the hollow cylindrical sample comprises the following steps:
step 1, placing a drainage chassis 4 on a test rack 7, and keeping the drainage chassis 4 horizontal;
step 7, vertically inserting the assembled consolidation outer cylinder 2 into an outer cylinder clamping groove 401 of the drainage base 4, aligning the fixing hole A203 and the fixing hole B404, adjusting the fixation holes to be completely attached to the drainage base 4, fixing the consolidation outer cylinder 2 on the drainage chassis 4 through bolts, and connecting the consolidation outer cylinder 2 and the drainage chassis 4 through the bolts; and finishing the installation of the sample preparation device of the hollow cylindrical sample.
The use method of the sample preparation device for the hollow cylindrical sample comprises the following steps:
step 1, air-drying a soil sample; spreading the soil sample obtained on site into a thin layer of 0.5-0.8 cm, spreading on clean kraft paper, placing in a shady, dry and ventilated place, and turning over once every 1 hour to accelerate the drying of the soil sample;
step 7, injecting slurry; the smoldered slurry is injected into the installed sample preparation device at a constant speed by using a funnel and a rubber tube, the vertical distance between the mouth of the rubber tube and the liquid level of the slurry is not higher than 3cm in the grouting process so as to prevent air from being mixed in, and the sample preparation device is vibrated slightly;
and 9, observing the water quantity change in the measuring cylinder 9, when the water discharge reaches a preset value, selectively closing the vacuum pump 10 according to actual conditions, waiting for the vacuum negative pressure in the device to be slowly discharged to 0kPa, and standing the device for 1 hour so as to facilitate the disassembly of the subsequent sample preparation device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the method has the advantages that: the mounting and connection of the invention mostly adopt a mortise and tenon buckling mode, so that the soil sample can be more accurately close to the required standard size; a vacuum bin with higher tightness is formed, so that water and gas can be conveniently discharged, and the control on the water content is more accurate; and effectively reduced when tearing open the appearance disturbance degree to the soil sample, avoided carrying out the secondary cutting to soil sample inside and outside diameter, provide probably for once only making fast the saturated hollow cylinder sample that has the inside and outside diameter of international common standard.
The method has the advantages that: the invention combines two common slurry consolidation methods, exerts the advantages of the vacuum consolidation method of efficiently and uniformly discharging water and gas in the soil sample, and simultaneously adopts the pressurization consolidation to make up the defect of easily causing the soil sample to be in a hyperconjugation state in the vacuum consolidation, thereby greatly improving the consolidation efficiency, shortening the sample preparation period, and the prepared sample can better meet the requirements of actual tests. The improved consolidation device is simpler, more convenient and smaller, and effectively prevents the slurry layering phenomenon, so that the prepared sample is more uniform, and the comparative analysis of the hollow cylinder torsional shear test result is facilitated.
The method has the advantages that: the invention can realize the one-time rapid manufacture of saturated hollow cylindrical samples with domestic common standard inner and outer diameters of 60mm multiplied by 100 mm.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an inner cylinder 1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the inner cylinder 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the outer cylinder 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the outer cylinder 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the outer cylinder 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the water permeable top cover 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the drainage tray 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the drainage tray 4 of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the pressure bearing cap 5 of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the sealing gasket 6 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the present invention in use;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the water-gas separation device of the present invention.
The sequence numbers in the figures show: an inner cylinder 1; an inner barrel assembly 101; a fixing groove 102; water permeable holes 103; the outer cylinder 2 is consolidated; a consolidation outer barrel assembly 201; a stationary table 202; a fixing hole a 203; a locking block 204; a limiting groove 205; a stop block 206; a water permeable top cover 3; a drainage chassis 4; an outer barrel clamping groove 401; an inner barrel slot 402; a water collection hole 403; a pressure bearing cover 5; a sealing gasket 6; a test stand 7; a water-gas separation device 8; a measuring cylinder 9; a vacuum pump 10.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in order that the present disclosure may be more fully understood and fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. While the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
The installation method of the sample preparation device of the hollow cylindrical sample comprises the following steps:
step 1, placing a drainage chassis 4 on a test rack 7, and keeping the drainage chassis 4 horizontal;
step 7, vertically inserting the assembled consolidation outer cylinder 2 into an outer cylinder clamping groove 401 of the drainage base 4, aligning the fixing hole A203 and the fixing hole B404, adjusting the fixation holes to be completely attached to the drainage base 4, fixing the consolidation outer cylinder 2 on the drainage chassis 4 through bolts, and connecting the consolidation outer cylinder 2 and the drainage chassis 4 through the bolts; and finishing the installation of the sample preparation device of the hollow cylindrical sample.
The use method of the sample preparation device for the hollow cylindrical sample comprises the following steps:
step 1, air-drying a soil sample; spreading the soil sample obtained on site into a thin layer of 0.5-0.8 cm, spreading on clean kraft paper, placing in a shady, dry and ventilated place, and turning over once every 1 hour to accelerate the drying of the soil sample;
step 7, injecting slurry; the smoldered slurry is injected into the installed sample preparation device at a constant speed by using a funnel and a rubber tube, the vertical distance between the mouth of the rubber tube and the liquid level of the slurry is not higher than 3cm in the grouting process so as to prevent air from being mixed in, and the sample preparation device is vibrated slightly;
step 8.1, pressurizing and consolidating; the water collecting hole 403 of the drainage chassis 4 is connected with the water-gas separating device 8, and the bottom of the water-gas separating device 8 is also connected with the measuring cylinder 9; attaching the wet filter paper to one side of a pressure-bearing cover 5, smearing Vaseline on the side surface of the pressure-bearing cover 5, vertically placing the pressure-bearing cover 5 above a sample preparation device after grouting is finished, and placing a corresponding balance weight on the pressure-bearing cover 5 according to the permeability of a soil sample;
step 8.2, vacuum suction; a water collecting hole 403 of the drainage chassis 4 is connected with a water-gas separating device (8), the water-gas separating device 8 is selectively connected with a vacuum pump 10, and the bottom of the water-gas separating device 8 is also connected with a measuring cylinder 9; starting a power supply of the vacuum pump 10, and applying negative pressure in stages according to 20kPa, 40kPa, 60kPa and 80 kPa; the purpose is to guarantee that seepage is stable in the soil sample, avoids the inside atress inequality of soil sample to cause the defect of system appearance.
And 9, observing the water quantity change in the measuring cylinder 9, when the water discharge reaches a preset value, selectively closing the vacuum pump 10 according to actual conditions, waiting for the vacuum negative pressure in the device to be slowly discharged to 0kPa, and standing the device for 1 hour so as to facilitate the disassembly of the subsequent sample preparation device.
A method for disassembling a sample preparation device of a hollow cylindrical sample comprises the following steps:
step 1, dismounting instruments required by pressurization consolidation or/and vacuum suction, dismounting bolts between two sections of consolidation outer cylinder assemblies 201, dismounting bolts between a consolidation outer cylinder 2 and a drainage chassis 4, and taking down the drainage chassis 4;
and 5, cutting the soil sample to a specified height to obtain a standard hollow cylindrical sample meeting the test requirements, wherein the standard hollow cylindrical sample has the specification of the inner diameter multiplied by the outer diameter multiplied by the height: 60 mm. times.100 mm. times.200 mm.
A sample preparation device for a hollow cylindrical sample comprises an inner cylinder 1, a consolidation outer cylinder 2, a water permeable top cover 3 and a drainage chassis 4.
The inner cylinder 1 comprises four inner cylinder components 101 which are arranged in an arc shape, and the four inner cylinder components 101 are combined into the inner cylinder 1 with a hollow inner part; the bottom of the inner cylinder assembly 101 is flat, fixing grooves 102 which are concave in a convex shape are formed in the top of the inner cylinder assembly, and the fixing grooves 102 which are opposite to each other on the left side and the right side are integrally formed into a cross shape; a plurality of water permeable holes 103 penetrating through the inner cylinder 1 are uniformly distributed on the side surface of the inner cylinder component 101 at intervals; the bottom of the inner cylinder 1 is integrally placed in the drainage chassis 4.
The consolidation outer cylinder 2 comprises two semi-circular consolidation outer cylinder components 201, the bottom of the consolidation outer cylinder components 201 is provided with a fixing table 202 in an outward convex shape, and the fixing table 202 is provided with a fixing hole A203 penetrating through the fixing table 202; the top of the consolidation outer cylinder component 201 is provided with a locking block 204 which is convex and provided with bolt holes, after the two sections of consolidation outer cylinder components 201 are oppositely placed, bolts extend into the bolt holes of the two adjacent locking blocks 204 to fix the two sections of consolidation outer cylinder components 201 into a whole; one side of the consolidation outer cylinder 2 is provided with an inward concave limiting groove 205, the other side is provided with an outward convex limiting block 206, and the limiting groove 205 and the limiting block 206 are mutually connected in a clamping way; the bottom of the consolidation outer cylinder 2 is integrally placed in the drainage chassis 4.
The outer edge profile of the water permeable top cover 3 is consistent with the hollow outer edge profile of the top of the inner cylinder 1, the water permeable top cover 3 is detachably arranged at the top of the inner cylinder 1, and a through hole is formed in the center of the water permeable top cover 3.
The whole body of the drainage chassis 4 is disc-shaped, a water collecting hole 403 penetrating through the drainage chassis 4 is formed in the drainage chassis 4, an inner concave inner cylinder clamping groove 402 is formed in the outer side of the water collecting hole 403, an inner concave outer cylinder clamping groove 401 is formed in the outer side of the inner cylinder clamping groove 402, and fixing holes B404 matched with the fixing holes A203 are uniformly distributed on the drainage chassis 4 at intervals.
The sample preparation device of the hollow cylindrical sample further comprises a pressure bearing cover 5, the pressure bearing cover 5 is integrally disc-shaped, and the outer diameter of the pressure bearing cover 5 is smaller than the inner diameter of the consolidation outer cylinder 2.
The sample preparation device for the hollow cylindrical sample further comprises a sealing washer 6, and the sealing washer 6 is placed in the clamping groove 401 of the outer cylinder.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described above with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the above detailed description of the embodiments of the invention presented in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114184498A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-03-15 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Method for evaluating disturbance degree of undisturbed hollow cylindrical sample of residual soil |
| CN114383908A (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-04-22 | 江苏科技大学 | Saturator, triaxial test sample preparation device and sample preparation method |
| CN115290405A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-11-04 | 郑州大学 | Sample preparation device and method for mud-skin-containing high polymer solidified soil and concrete shear sample |
| CN119779749A (en) * | 2025-03-10 | 2025-04-08 | 内蒙古农业大学 | A salt-thermal power cone-arc knife temperature-controlled non-disturbance cone-shaped frozen soil shaping device |
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| US20180127938A1 (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2018-05-10 | Guangxi University | Water-permeable pipe pile system capable of accelerating soil consolidation and method of using the same |
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| CN101738337A (en) * | 2009-12-09 | 2010-06-16 | 中国矿业大学 | Quick preparation device and method of saturated soil sample |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114184498A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-03-15 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Method for evaluating disturbance degree of undisturbed hollow cylindrical sample of residual soil |
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| CN115290405A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-11-04 | 郑州大学 | Sample preparation device and method for mud-skin-containing high polymer solidified soil and concrete shear sample |
| CN119779749A (en) * | 2025-03-10 | 2025-04-08 | 内蒙古农业大学 | A salt-thermal power cone-arc knife temperature-controlled non-disturbance cone-shaped frozen soil shaping device |
| CN119779749B (en) * | 2025-03-10 | 2025-05-27 | 内蒙古农业大学 | A salt-thermal power cone-arc knife temperature-controlled non-disturbance cone-shaped frozen soil shaping device |
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