CN104984989A - Method for removing active heavy metals from soil - Google Patents
Method for removing active heavy metals from soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN104984989A CN104984989A CN201410803523.XA CN201410803523A CN104984989A CN 104984989 A CN104984989 A CN 104984989A CN 201410803523 A CN201410803523 A CN 201410803523A CN 104984989 A CN104984989 A CN 104984989A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a purification method for removing active heavy metals from soil. The purification method comprises: 1, soaking heavy metal-polluted soil with heavy metal-free water; 2, repeatedly plowing the soaked soil to achieve a muddy state; 3, standing the plowed soil for 3-48 h; 4, placing the clarified water at the upper layer of the stand soil into a sammns heavy metal removing device to remove heavy metals; and 5, soaking the soil in the step 1 with the water being subjected to the heavy metal removing step, and repeatedly performing the steps 2-4 until 80% of the heavy metals in the soil is removed. According to the present invention, the whole treatment process does not affect the structure and the characteristic of the soil, the normal farming and the normal planting of the soil are not hampered, the heavy metal removing is permanent, and the method can be widely used for heavy metal polluted farmland and soil restoration.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the purification method of soil, particularly relate to a kind of purification method removing Active Heavy Metals in soil.
Background technology
Current, countries in the world take much count of heavy metal pollution amelioration technique study, and carry out research work widely.The approach that repairing heavy metal in soil pollutes mainly contains two kinds, and one is change the existing forms of heavy metal in soil, make it fix, and reduces its animal migration in the environment and bioavailability; Two is removal heavy metals from soil.Repair approach around these two kinds, correspondingly propose respective physics, chemistry and bioremediation technology.
(1) peripheral doses technology
Peripheral doses technology comprises:
1) soil moved in improve the original, contaminated soil adds untainted new soil; Soil removal and replacement, will remove with contaminated soil, change untainted new soil; Dig, the table soil of pollution is turned over to lower floor; Remove table soil, the table soil mud of pollution is gone.1975, Japan repaired by the soil of cadmium pollution, employs displacement soil, and cadmium soil is buried to 25 centimetres of dark undergrounds.But in past 40 years, victim still lives in uneasiness, and Japanese society has also paid huge economic cost, and the shade of land pollution is eliminated not yet for this reason.
2) elution method, with leacheate or the water added containing heavy metal certain chemical substance water miscible can be improved, pollutant is rushed to root outer exactly, use the compound containing certain ligand or anion and heavy metal to form more stable complex compound or generate again to precipitate, to prevent polluted underground water.Elution method is better for the serious pollution effect of hydrocarbon, nitrate and heavy metal, is suitable for light soil, but investment is comparatively large, easily causes underground water pollution and loss of soil nutrient, soil sex change.
3) heat treating process is heated by contaminated soil, and the volatile contaminant in soil (Hg) is volatilized and collects to carry out reclaiming or processing, the method is only applicable to volatile heavy metal, limited to the removal of cadmium.
4) electrolysis is that heavy metal in soil is removed at male or female under the effect of electrolysis, electromigration, electric osmose and electrophoresis etc., but repairing effect and soil pH, shock-absorbing capacity, soil constitution and to pollute metal species correlation large.On the whole, these class methods have the advantages such as effect is thorough, stable, but implement complexity, a large amount of manpowers and financial resources need be spent, the soil swapped out is existed to the possibility of seepage and secondary pollution, simultaneously recover soil texture and fertility required time longer, and comparatively large by natural conditions restriction, the output of crops can be reduced, reduce economic benefit.
(2) chemical remediation technology
Chemical redemption is exactly drop into modifying agent, inhibitor to contaminated soil, increase the content of the soil organism, cation exchange capacity and clay, change the physicochemical property such as pH, Eh and conductance, heavy metal-polluted soil is oxidized, reduces, precipitate, adsorb, suppress and the effect such as antagonism, to reduce the biological effectiveness of heavy metal.Chemical redemption mainly contains the precipitation method, organic method, absorption method etc.
Conventional modifying agent has: the organic substance of lime, zeolite, calcium carbonate, phosphate, silicate and promotion reduction.The alkaline matter such as liming, slag, or the alkaline fertilizer such as calcium magnesium phosphate, can reduce the absorption of plant heavy metal, and the impact of activity usually by soil ph of Cd is very large, by Cd contaminated soil liming 750kg/hm
2, heavy metal in soil bio-available Zn concentration can be made to reduce about 15%, thus effectively suppress crop to the absorption of Cd, Cd and Zn normally association, have similar chemical property and geochemical behaviour, thus Zn has the characteristic that antagonism Cd is absorbed by plants.By adding appropriate Zn in Cd contaminated soil, regulating Cd/Zn ratio, plant can be suppressed the absorption of Cd, the enrichment of Cd in plant can be reduced.In addition, the enrichment of paddy rice to cadmium can also be reduced adding of some inhibitor.Chen Taos etc. spray dinitrophenol dinitrophenolate cadmium inhibitor in cadmium pollution soil, and in conjunction with waterflooding, rice cadmium drops to 0.40mg/kg by 1.10mg/kg, reduce 64%, the effectiveness comparison of chemical redemption is desirable and expense is little, but stability is not strong, there is the problem of heavy metal reactivation.According to the feature of heavy metal in soil, it easily reacts with some complexes and forms stable complex compound, and easy and number acid radical ion reacts to be formed and precipitates.In contaminated soil, add some complex compounds or acid ion, the pH value environment of soil is changed, to make the heavy metal in soil so stable that to exist, then carry out clear water drip washing.These class methods are not suitable for large-area pollution plot.
3) bioremediation technology
Biological restoration be utilize some special plant, microorganism and animal, by metabolism, absorb the heavy metal removed in soil or Heavy Metals transformed, reducing the toxicity of heavy metal, purify soil.Mainly contain the technology such as animal reparation, microorganism remediation, phytoremediation.Animal repairs the heavy metal in the absorption soil such as some lower animal earthworm, the muroid mainly utilized in soil; Microorganism remediation is that the heavy metal such as the certain micro-organisms utilized in soil have the effects such as absorption, precipitation, oxidation and reduction, reduces the toxicity of heavy metal in soil.
Phytoremediation utilizes certain plants can restrain oneself with the characteristic of excessive accumulaiton heavy metal species to remove the heavy metal in soil.The Chen Tongbin researcher of geographical institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences finds for 2009 can the super rich plant-ciliate desert-grass amassing cadmium, but but do not obtain large-area field application, its reason comprises: it is longer that this technology administers the cycle relatively, need time several years, peasant can not till the land in the meantime, such peasant will bear the economic loss of reparation and crops, this is that they are unacceptable, although therefore this technology is by the green environmental protection technique of praising highly as most market potential, but large-area application cannot be obtained.
Bioremediation technology is implemented simple, invest less, but governance process is longer.Situation about should pollute according to reality in the selection of removing pollutant by these class methods and determining, due to the effect of food chain, should avoid edible class, in order to avoid be detrimental to health during the choosing of these methods as far as possible.
Although heavy metal, subsides are not that the soil remediation method of cadmium is numerous, and most method is still in laboratory batch experiment and simulated test stage, and the maturation method having reached on-the-spot level of application is little.Current research lays particular emphasis on that to seek governance efficiency high, the method that control expense is low and site operative is strong.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the technical problem of above-mentioned existence, the invention provides a kind of purification method removing Active Heavy Metals in soil, concrete technical scheme is:
Remove a method for Active Heavy Metals in soil, comprise the following steps:
Step one: the step water soaking not containing heavy metal being subject to the soil of heavy metal pollution;
Step 2: the soil repeatedly ploughing the above-mentioned immersion of rake makes it to become muddy step;
Step 3: repeatedly plough the step that the soil after harrowing leaves standstill 3-48 hour by above-mentioned;
Step 4: the primary water on the upper strata of soil after above-mentioned leaving standstill is put into the step that Sen Meisi removal heavy metal device carries out removal heavy metal;
Step 5: above-mentioned water after removal heavy metal step invaded again the step of the soil in bubble step one and repeat the step of step 2 to step 4; 80%(percentage in several times to soil so repeatedly) heavy metal be eliminated.
Described in step one, described is not one or more in running water, pond water, reservoir water, well water, river containing the water of heavy metal.
Add in described not containing in the water of heavy metal the organic acid not affecting agricultural land soil characteristic, this organic acid can make the water in farmland to be dealt be faintly acid, and pH value is between 5-6.9.
Described organic acid be acetic acid, vinegar, citric acid one or more.
Described also comprises the step of being cheated to overflow through overflow by the primary water leaving standstill rear topsoil between step 3 and step 4.
Described before entering overflow hole first overflow through the step of stainless steel Intranet or other filtration devices.
Described water after the clarification of overflow hole is overflowed to clear water hole again.
The described water after the clarification of clear water hole is again through the step of Waterpower brush net.
The material in described overflow hole and clear water hole can be hole body or plastics hole body that waterproof cloth covers or other do not produce the hole body of mud.
Described irrigation water in step one also maintains the water level of about 20cm on soil.
Compared with prior art beneficial effect of the present invention is: of the present invention be applied to remove heavy metal-polluted soil porous material there is the high selectivity of heavy metal and adsorption efficiency high.Whole treatment process does not affect soil texture and characteristic, do not hinder normal farming and the plantation in soil, and the removal of heavy metal is permanent, can be widely used in the reparation of heavy metal pollution farmland and soil.Heavy metal in soil after process can reduce year by year and the content of beary metal of crops produced during using the porous material of this invention can be reduced to the national standard (in rice, cadmium is lower than 0.1mg/kg) of safe edible.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is present invention process flow chart.
Fig. 2 is the quick removal technology schematic diagram that Sen Meisi of the present invention removes Active Heavy Metals in soil
.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Sen Meisi equipment SAMMNS-Met01 possesses process flow 0.8-2.3m3/h per hour.The soil of one piece of heavy metal pollution in Hengyang, Hunan Province village has carried out following experimental work:
Build the ridge of waterproof around 0.1 mu of ground, have chosen 7 soil samples in 7 places on this ground and to analyzing every, plumbous, mercury in soil sample, analysis result as shown in Table 1; Then running water injected to this plot and make the water surface reach 3cm in the degree of depth of soil top, turned in this ground, rake is ploughed and roll forming, roll forming has been carried out making for 4 times earth and water form mud back and forth, and gets mud sample in 7 same places of originally to get dry soil samples and analyze the content of beary metal (table one) of these mud samples.This slime water standing sedimentation 48
Hour.Then excavated the overflow hole of a 2m3 at the outer low-lying place on this 0.1 mu of ground or excavated the clear water hole of a 2m3 in lower and adjacent position, and with the Polypropylence Sheet of waterproof, two all of cheating having been covered the end of with.The pvc pipe being covered with stainless (steel) wire by one is again cheated being incorporated into overflow in paddy field through the top layer left standstill and overflowing to clear water hole, when overflowing to clear water hole, Sen Meisi equipment carries out removing heavy metals process water with the speed of 2.1m3/h from clear water hole water intaking, and carries out sampling and content of beary metal in tested water sample at the water inlet at Sen Meisi equipment per hour and delivery port.10 hours each Sen Meisi device processes time, the process water yield is about 21m3, is equivalent to the whole water in 0.1 mu of ground to carry out heavy metal process once, water sample analysis the results are shown in Table two.At Sen Meisi device processes arrestment after 10 hours, to the roll forming 3 times get mud sample in same 7 places for analysis back and forth of the mud in paddy field, then standing sedimentation 12 hours carries out process 10 hours to the primary water after sedimentation by method above again subsequently and carries out same sample analysis.This process repeats twice again, and all earth sample analysis results the results are shown in Table two in table one and water sample analysis.
Table one: Analysis of Heavy Metal in earth sample
Table two: Sen Meisi process farmland water sample analysis
As can be seen from table one data, active cadmium reducing amount in soil can reach 82.16% (such as dropping to 1.10mg/kg from 6.20mg/kg), total cadmium reducing amount in soil can reach 28.85% (such as dropping to 12.00mg/kg from 17.05mg/kg), as can be seen from table two data, after each roll forming from the removal primary water every amount can reach 97.52% (such as being elevated to 11.3mg/ liter from 456.6 mg/).The farmland earth removal huge sum of money technique of this invention is highly effective.The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvement and modification, these improve and modification also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. remove a method for Active Heavy Metals in soil, comprise the following steps:
Step one: the step water soaking not containing heavy metal being subject to the soil of heavy metal pollution;
Step 2: the soil repeatedly ploughing the above-mentioned immersion of rake makes it to become muddy step;
Step 3: repeatedly plough the step that the soil after harrowing leaves standstill 3-48 hour by above-mentioned;
Step 4: the primary water on the upper strata of soil after above-mentioned leaving standstill is put into the step that Sen Meisi removal heavy metal device carries out removal heavy metal;
Step 5: above-mentioned water after removal heavy metal step is invaded again bubble step one in soil step and repeat the step of step 2 to step 4,80%(percentage in several times to soil so repeatedly) heavy metal be eliminated.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step one, and described is not one or more in running water, pond water, reservoir water, well water, river containing the water of heavy metal.
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: add in described not containing in the water of heavy metal the organic acid not affecting agricultural land soil characteristic, this organic acid can make the water in farmland to be dealt be faintly acid, and pH value is between 5-6.9.
4. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described organic acid be acetic acid, vinegar, citric acid one or more.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: between step 3 and step 4, also comprise the step of being cheated to overflow through overflow by the primary water leaving standstill rear topsoil.
6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that: before entering overflow hole, first overflow is through the step of stainless steel Intranet or other filtration devices.
7. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described water after the clarification of overflow hole is overflowed to clear water hole again.
8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the water after the clarification of clear water hole is again through the step of Waterpower brush net.
9. the method according to claim 5 or 7, is characterized in that: the material in described overflow hole and clear water hole can be hole body or plastics hole body that waterproof cloth covers or other do not produce the hole body of mud.
10. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: irrigation water in step one also maintains the water level of about 20cm on soil.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105478458A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-04-13 | 湖南森美思环保有限责任公司 | Device and method for treating river sediment heavy metal pollution in situ |
| CN105618472A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-06-01 | 湖南森美思环保有限责任公司 | Method for removing effective-state heavy metal in heavy metal contaminated soil permanently |
| CN105945047A (en) * | 2016-07-10 | 2016-09-21 | 中山市绿浪助剂有限公司 | Comprehensive remediation method for soil polluted by heavy metals and application of comprehensive remediation method |
| CN106430869A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-02-22 | 格丰环保科技有限公司 | Black and odorous water bottom mud passivation system |
| CN111330966A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-06-26 | 上海澄域环保工程有限公司 | In-situ slurry stabilization restoration method for heavy metal polluted site |
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| CN105618472B (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2019-01-29 | 湖南森美思环保有限责任公司 | A kind of permanent method for removing available heavy metal in heavy-metal contaminated soil |
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| CN106430869A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-02-22 | 格丰环保科技有限公司 | Black and odorous water bottom mud passivation system |
| CN111330966A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-06-26 | 上海澄域环保工程有限公司 | In-situ slurry stabilization restoration method for heavy metal polluted site |
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