CN111570501A - Remediation method for improving remediation effect of heavy metal contaminated soil - Google Patents
Remediation method for improving remediation effect of heavy metal contaminated soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN111570501A CN111570501A CN202010497834.3A CN202010497834A CN111570501A CN 111570501 A CN111570501 A CN 111570501A CN 202010497834 A CN202010497834 A CN 202010497834A CN 111570501 A CN111570501 A CN 111570501A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/002—Reclamation of contaminated soil involving in-situ ground water treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/02—Extraction using liquids, e.g. washing, leaching, flotation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
- B09C1/085—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically electrochemically, e.g. by electrokinetics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/14—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only
- C09K17/18—Prepolymers; Macromolecular compounds
- C09K17/32—Prepolymers; Macromolecular compounds of natural origin, e.g. cellulosic materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
Abstract
The invention discloses a remediation method for improving the remediation effect of heavy metal contaminated soil, which comprises the following steps: (1) stripping the soil with the surface layer thickness of 10-50cm of the heavy metal polluted soil, stacking the soil into a restoration pool, and inoculating magnetotactic bacteria; (2) after culturing for 15-25 days, completely soaking the soil in the repairing pool by water, setting a magnetic field, and keeping for 20-25 days; (3) draining water in the remediation tank, and then leaching the soil in the tank with clean water; (4) spraying liquid humic acid in the soil in the restoration pond; (5) adding molasses into the heavy metal contaminated soil from which the surface soil is stripped, turning over, standing, spraying liquid humic acid, backfilling the soil obtained in the step (4), and planting plants capable of enriching the heavy metals; (6) and (3) periodically harvesting, removing and reseeding the plants capable of enriching the heavy metals in the step (5), and periodically detecting the content of each heavy metal in the heavy metal polluted soil until the content of the heavy metals in the heavy metal polluted soil reaches the safety standard.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a remediation method for improving the remediation effect of heavy metal contaminated soil.
Background
With the advance of industrialization, environmental problems generated in the economic development process gradually attract people's attention, and in recent years, the heavy metal pollution, treatment and restoration problems of the atmosphere, water and soil environment gradually become the focus of people's attention. The treatment and remediation of the heavy metal pollution of the soil are hot spots and difficulties of the current heavy metal pollution remediation research due to the problems of complex pollutant components, large treatment difficulty, high cost and the like in the soil.
The soil heavy metal pollution refers to the phenomenon that the accumulation amount of heavy metals in soil is obviously higher than the background value of the soil environment due to natural activities or human activities, so that the quality of the soil environment is reduced and the ecological environment of a farmland is deteriorated. Heavy metals causing soil pollution mainly include chromium, manganese, copper, zinc, arsenic, cadmium, mercury, lead, and the like. Pollution caused by single heavy metal and composite pollution caused by a plurality of heavy metals exist, and the common heavy metal pollution in the environment is mainly the composite pollution.
The traditional treatment and remediation method for heavy metal pollution of soil is usually a physical and chemical method, such as a dilution and covering method, a vitrification technology, a heat treatment technology, a leaching method, an electrochemical method and the like, and the traditional remediation method has many defects although the treatment effect is good and the duration is short. For example, the traditional treatment method has high cost, is not easy to manage, is easy to cause secondary pollution and the like.
The microbial remediation utilizes the effects of absorption, precipitation, oxidation, reduction and the like of certain microbes in soil on heavy metals, so as to reduce the toxicity of the heavy metals in the soil. The technology can remove heavy metal pollutants from the soil, has small influence on the surrounding environment, does not produce secondary pollution, and has huge soil remediation potential. However, the existing microbial remediation technology for heavy metal contaminated soil has certain limitations, such as long duration and slow effect of microbial remediation, and generally forms a complex to reduce the harm of heavy metals, and the heavy metals cannot be removed from the soil.
The heavy metal contaminated soil solidification and remediation technology is an important method for reducing heavy metal migration and bioavailability by adding different exogenous substances (namely, a curing agent) to fix heavy metal elements in soil. Because of convenient operation and quick effect, the fertilizer has irreplaceable effect in the treatment process of the polluted soil; at present, cement, lime, fly ash and the like are used as main curing agents, the application range of the main curing agents is narrow, the cost is high, and some curing agents have secondary pollution, such as the fly ash and the long-term curing effect of the curing agent is unstable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a remediation method for improving the remediation effect of heavy metal contaminated soil.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a restoration method for improving restoration effect of heavy metal contaminated soil comprises the following steps:
(1) stripping the soil with the surface layer thickness of 10-50cm of the heavy metal contaminated soil, stacking the soil into a restoration pool, adding a magnetotactic bacteria liquid culture medium, inoculating magnetotactic bacteria, and fully mixing the magnetotactic bacteria with the soil in the restoration pool;
(2) after culturing for 15-25 days, adding water into the restoration pool to ensure that the soil in the restoration pool is completely soaked by the water, and then arranging a magnetic field above the restoration pool and keeping for 20-25 days;
(3) discharging and collecting water in the restoration tank, then leaching the soil in the tank for 2-3 times by using clear water, separating magnetotactic bacteria from the soil in the tank, and enabling the magnetotactic bacteria to enter an aqueous solution;
(4) spraying liquid humic acid in the soil in the restoration pond for later use;
(5) adding molasses into the heavy metal contaminated soil from which the surface soil is stripped, turning over for 15-50cm, standing for 5-10 days, spraying liquid humic acid, uniformly mixing with the turned soil, standing for 2-8 days, backfilling the soil obtained in the step (4) to an original place, and planting plants capable of enriching the heavy metals;
(6) periodically harvesting, removing and reseeding the plants capable of enriching the heavy metals in the step (5), and periodically detecting the content of each heavy metal in the heavy metal contaminated soil until the content of the heavy metals in the heavy metal contaminated soil reaches a safety standard;
the liquid humic acid is biomass pyrolysis oil, potassium humate solution or sodium humate solution.
Preferably, the inoculation density of the magnetotactic bacteria in the step (1) is 2.0 × 10 for inoculation in the metal contaminated soil per square meter10-5×1010And (4) respectively.
Preferably, the addition amount of the magnetotactic bacteria liquid culture medium is 0.1-0.5% of the volume of the heavy metal contaminated soil in the remediation pool.
Preferably, the direction of the magnetic field in step (2) is away from the ground, and the magnetic field strength is 350-500 gauss.
Preferably, the water added in the step (2) is groundwater at the place where the heavy metal pollutes the soil.
Preferably, the water added in the step (2) is industrial wastewater containing heavy metal ions
Preferably, the amount of liquid humic acid used in step (4) is 0.1-5% by volume of the soil to be stripped.
Preferably, the dosage of the molasses in the step (5) is 2-15% of the soil volume ploughed in the step (5)
Preferably, the amount of the liquid humic acid in the step (5) is 0.5-5% of the volume of the soil ploughed in the step.
Preferably, the plant capable of enriching heavy metals in the step (6) is any one of bamboo willow, peganum harmala, cuprum, sunflower, ciliate desert-grass, sedum alfredii, cereal leek and canna.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method adopts the magnetotactic bacteria to repair the surface soil with serious pollution, the magnetotactic bacteria mainly adsorbs heavy metal ions and has strong adsorption capacity on the surface of cells, so the magnetotactic bacteria has high adsorption speed on the heavy metal, a magnetic field is arranged on the surface of the soil, the magnetotactic bacteria are concentrated in a small area by controlling the direction of the magnetic field, the heavy metal in the soil is effectively adsorbed in the moving process of the magnetotactic bacteria, and the accumulation amount of the heavy metal in the soil is greatly reduced.
2. The invention adopts underground water or industrial wastewater containing heavy metal ions in the polluted soil area to soak the heavy metal polluted soil, on one hand, the invention aims to reduce the oxygen content of the soil and create an environment which is beneficial to the survival of magnetotactic bacteria. On the other hand, heavy metal elements in water are intercepted by soil, so that the effect of jointly repairing the soil, underground water and industrial wastewater is achieved, the repairing field and resources are saved, and the repairing cost is reduced.
3. The invention can also recover the water solution for soaking and washing the heavy metal contaminated soil, and recover the heavy metal and the magnetotactic bacteria in the water solution, thereby preventing the heavy metal from causing secondary pollution when returning to the soil or the water body, and on the other hand, the recovered heavy metal has high added value and can increase the income. The recovery rate of the magnetotactic bacteria reaches more than 80%, and the recovery rate of heavy metal in the aqueous solution reaches more than 95%, so that the remediation of the heavy metal contaminated soil is facilitated.
4. In the repairing process, molasses and liquid humic acid are adopted, the molasses is used as an electron donor, the soil environment is kept in a reducing environment under the action of microorganisms, the ionic heavy metal with a higher valence state in the soil is reduced into ions with a lower valence state, and the ions and organic matters in the soil react to generate a stable chelate. The liquid humic acid can also promote the formation of a soil granular structure, has the functions of wrapping heavy metals and improving soil, and ensures that the restored soil has the functions of restoring the planting and greening. In addition, the addition of the molasses and the humic acid provides organic carbon sources and trace elements for indigenous bacteria microorganisms in the soil, promotes the propagation and metabolism of the microorganisms, strengthens the action of the microorganisms, further accelerates the conversion and the wrapping of heavy metal ions, greatly improves the soil remediation efficiency, and realizes permanent and sustainable remediation without secondary pollution.
5. In order to avoid incomplete restoration of heavy metal ions, the invention also adopts a plant restoration method, plants capable of enriching heavy metals are planted on the heavy metal contaminated soil, the selected plants grow rapidly, have strong adaptability to the growing environment, have tolerance to various heavy metals and have high absorption efficiency. And underground water is adopted for irrigation, heavy metals in the irrigation water are fixed by molasses and liquid humic acid, and a water body permeates and migrates to the underground through soil, so that the underground water is supplemented, and the water quality of the underground water is improved.
In conclusion, the restoration method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of good restoration effect, simplicity and safety in operation, no damage to soil fertility, combination of ex-situ leaching, in-situ reduction, complexing and fixing, microorganism and plant restoration and package blocking, secondary pollution prevention, natural environment improvement, quickness and good restoration effect, capability of normally planting trees and flowers in the restored soil, capability of planting various edible crops, low treatment cost, suitability for large-area soil restoration, and remarkable social and economic benefits.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to preferred embodiments. It should be noted, however, that the numerous details set forth in the description are merely for the purpose of providing the reader with a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, which may be practiced without these specific details.
Example 1
Soil in a region near a smeltery, which is tested to have a pH of 5.7, is intended for growing edible agricultural products. According to the standard of soil environmental quality agricultural land soil pollution risk control standard (trial) (GB 15618-. The groundwater in the area is evaluated as V-type water according to the standard of groundwater quality standard (GT/B14848-2017).
According to the soil environment quality standard, the soil in the area can be used for planting edible agricultural products after being repaired, and the repairing means is as follows:
(1) stripping the soil with the surface layer thickness of 50cm of the heavy metal contaminated soil, stacking the soil into a repair pond which is well waterproof, adding a conventional magnetotactic bacteria liquid culture medium, inoculating magnetotactic bacteria, and fully mixing the magnetotactic bacteria with the soil in the repair pond, wherein the inoculation density of the magnetotactic bacteria is 2.8 × 10 calculated by the area of the soil in the area10Magnetotactic bacteria per square meter of soil; the addition amount of the magnetotactic bacteria liquid culture medium is 0.2 percent of the volume of the heavy metal polluted soil in the remediation pool;
(2) after culturing for 15 days, extracting underground water in the area, adding the underground water into a restoration pool, completely soaking the soil in the restoration pool by water, arranging a magnetic field above the restoration pool, enabling the direction of the magnetic field to deviate from the ground, keeping the magnetic field strength of 350 gauss for 20 days;
(3) discharging and collecting water in the restoration tank, then leaching the soil in the tank for 2-3 times by using clear water to separate magnetotactic bacteria from the soil in the tank, enabling the magnetotactic bacteria to enter an aqueous solution, combining all wastewater discharged from the restoration tank, recovering heavy metals and active magnetotactic bacteria in the wastewater, and recycling the magnetotactic bacteria;
(4) spraying 5% potassium humate solution in the soil in the restoration pool, wherein the spraying amount is 1.5% of the volume of the stripped soil for later use;
(5) adding molasses into the heavy metal contaminated soil from which the topsoil is stripped, ploughing by 50cm, wherein the using amount of the molasses is 5% of the volume of the soil ploughed in the step, standing for 10 days, spraying liquid humic acid, and uniformly mixing the liquid humic acid with the ploughed soil, wherein the spraying amount is 1.5% of the volume of the soil ploughed in the step; after placing for 8 days, backfilling the soil obtained in the step (4) to an original place, and planting bamboo willows which can be enriched with heavy metals;
(6) periodically removing and reseeding bamboo willows, spraying liquid humic acid, extracting underground water in the area for irrigation, detecting the content of each heavy metal in soil with the depth of 0-100cm and the water quality condition of the underground water every 2 months in the first half year, and detecting every 3 months after the half year.
After the soil is repaired for 15 months, the heavy metal concentration of the soil in the area reaches the standard, the safety requirement of planting edible agricultural products in the agricultural land is met, and specific results are shown in table 1. Table 1 shows the average values of the concentrations of heavy metals in soil 0 to 100cm deep in the area. (concentration unit: mg/kg)
TABLE 1
As shown in Table 1, the concentration of each heavy metal in the soil within 100cm of the soil thickness of the region is smaller than the risk screening value of soil pollution risk control standard (trial) for agricultural land of soil environment quality (GB 15618-.
In addition, the concentration of each element in the soil layer at the position of 0-20cm is obviously reduced, the concentration is slightly increased at the position of 20-50cm compared with the concentration at the position of 0-20cm, the concentration is slightly increased at the position of 50-80cm compared with the upper layer, and the concentration is reduced at the position of 80-100cm compared with the upper layer. The change rule of the heavy metal concentration of the soil after remediation is descending-ascending-descending from top to bottom in sequence, which shows that the heavy metal fixed by molasses and liquid humic acid migrates to the soil 50-100cm away.
In addition, the groundwater quality of the area is poor originally, the groundwater is pumped out for soaking or irrigating the soil to be repaired, heavy metal elements in the groundwater are intercepted by the soil, heavy metals in the soil are fixed by molasses and liquid humic acid, irrigation water permeates and migrates to the underground through the soil, the groundwater is supplemented, and the groundwater quality is improved.
The upper and lower limits and interval values of the raw materials and the upper and lower limits and interval values of the process parameters can all realize the method, and the examples are not listed.
Claims (10)
1. A restoration method for improving restoration effect of heavy metal contaminated soil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) stripping the soil with the surface layer thickness of 10-50cm of the heavy metal contaminated soil, stacking the soil into a restoration pool, adding a magnetotactic bacteria liquid culture medium, inoculating magnetotactic bacteria, and fully mixing the magnetotactic bacteria with the soil in the restoration pool;
(2) after culturing for 15-25 days, adding water into the restoration pool to ensure that the soil in the restoration pool is completely soaked by the water, and then arranging a magnetic field above the restoration pool and keeping for 20-25 days;
(3) discharging and collecting water in the restoration tank, then leaching the soil in the tank for 2-3 times by using clear water, separating magnetotactic bacteria from the soil in the tank, and enabling the magnetotactic bacteria to enter an aqueous solution;
(4) spraying liquid humic acid in the soil in the restoration pond for later use;
(5) adding molasses into the heavy metal contaminated soil from which the surface soil is stripped, turning over for 15-50cm, standing for 5-10 days, spraying liquid humic acid, uniformly mixing with the turned soil, standing for 2-8 days, backfilling the soil obtained in the step (4) to an original place, and planting plants capable of enriching the heavy metals;
(6) periodically harvesting, removing and reseeding the plants capable of enriching the heavy metals in the step (5), and periodically detecting the content of each heavy metal in the heavy metal contaminated soil until the content of the heavy metals in the heavy metal contaminated soil reaches a safety standard;
the liquid humic acid is biomass pyrolysis oil, potassium humate solution or sodium humate solution.
2. The remediation method for improving remediation effect of soil contaminated with heavy metals according to claim 1, wherein the inoculation density of the magnetotactic bacteria in the step (1) is 2.0 × 10 for each square meter of heavy metal contaminated soil10-5×1010And (4) respectively.
3. The remediation method for improving remediation effect of soil contaminated by heavy metal according to claim 1, wherein the addition amount of the magnetotactic bacteria liquid culture medium is 0.1-0.5% of the volume of the soil contaminated by heavy metal in the remediation pool.
4. The remediation method for improving remediation effect of soil contaminated by heavy metals as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the direction of the magnetic field is away from the ground, and the magnetic field strength is 350-500 gauss.
5. The remediation method for improving remediation effect of heavy metal contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the water added in the step (2) is groundwater at a location where the heavy metal contaminated soil is located.
6. The remediation method for improving remediation effects of heavy metal contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the water added in the step (2) is industrial wastewater containing heavy metal ions.
7. The remediation method for improving remediation effects of heavy metal contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the liquid humic acid used in the step (4) is 0.1-5% of the volume of the soil to be stripped.
8. The remediation method for improving the remediation effect of heavy metal contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the amount of molasses used in the step (5) is 2 to 15% of the volume of the soil turned over in the step (5).
9. The remediation method for improving remediation effects of soil contaminated with heavy metals according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the liquid humic acid used in the step (5) is 0.5 to 5% of the volume of the soil turned by the step.
10. The remediation method for improving remediation effects of heavy metal contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the plant capable of enriching heavy metals in step (6) is any one of bamboo willow, peganum harmala, cuprum, sunflower, ciliate desert grass, sedum alfredii hance, leek grass and canna.
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Cited By (5)
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CN112588816A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-04-02 | 浙江海洋大学 | Remediation method of heavy metal contaminated soil |
CN113321489A (en) * | 2021-07-03 | 2021-08-31 | 航天神禾(北京)环保有限公司 | Method and system for preparing ceramic by using fly ash and ceramic product |
CN113909281A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-11 | 中地宝联(北京)国土资源勘查技术开发集团有限公司 | Application method of bentonite in soil heavy metal pollution remediation |
CN114602966A (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-06-10 | 上海市园林工程有限公司 | Remediation method for heavy metal contaminated soil |
CN115532809A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2022-12-30 | 西南科技大学 | Process for treating heavy metal pollution of soil |
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CN105149343A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-16 | 河南行知专利服务有限公司 | Remediation method of heavy metal contaminated soil |
CN105149342A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-16 | 河南行知专利服务有限公司 | Microbe and solidifying agent combined in-situ remediation method of heavy metal contaminated soil |
CN105149345A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-16 | 河南行知专利服务有限公司 | Method collaboratively repairing soil heavy metal pollution by microorganisms, plants and biological carbon |
CN110184070A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-08-30 | 江苏长三角环境科学技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of curing and stabilizing agent and application method for heavy metal pollution site remediation |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN112588816A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-04-02 | 浙江海洋大学 | Remediation method of heavy metal contaminated soil |
CN113321489A (en) * | 2021-07-03 | 2021-08-31 | 航天神禾(北京)环保有限公司 | Method and system for preparing ceramic by using fly ash and ceramic product |
CN113909281A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-11 | 中地宝联(北京)国土资源勘查技术开发集团有限公司 | Application method of bentonite in soil heavy metal pollution remediation |
CN114602966A (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-06-10 | 上海市园林工程有限公司 | Remediation method for heavy metal contaminated soil |
CN115532809A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2022-12-30 | 西南科技大学 | Process for treating heavy metal pollution of soil |
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