CN104984989B - Method for removing active heavy metals from soil - Google Patents
Method for removing active heavy metals from soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN104984989B CN104984989B CN201410803523.XA CN201410803523A CN104984989B CN 104984989 B CN104984989 B CN 104984989B CN 201410803523 A CN201410803523 A CN 201410803523A CN 104984989 B CN104984989 B CN 104984989B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a purification method for removing active heavy metals from soil. The purification method comprises: 1, soaking heavy metal-polluted soil with heavy metal-free water; 2, repeatedly plowing the soaked soil to achieve a muddy state; 3, standing the plowed soil for 3-48 h; 4, placing the clarified water at the upper layer of the stand soil into a sammns heavy metal removing device to remove heavy metals; and 5, soaking the soil in the step 1 with the water being subjected to the heavy metal removing step, and repeatedly performing the steps 2-4 until 80% of the heavy metals in the soil is removed. According to the present invention, the whole treatment process does not affect the structure and the characteristic of the soil, the normal farming and the normal planting of the soil are not hampered, the heavy metal removing is permanent, and the method can be widely used for heavy metal polluted farmland and soil restoration.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the purification method of soil, more particularly to a kind of purification method for removing Active Heavy Metals in soil.
Background technology
Currently, countries in the world take much count of heavy metal pollution amelioration technique study, and carry out extensive research work.Repair
The approach of heavy metal pollution of soil mainly has two kinds, and one is to change existing forms of the heavy metal in soil, fix it, is reduced
Its animal migration and bioavailability in the environment；Two is that removing heavy metals are removed from soil.Approach is repaired around both,
Correspondingly propose respective physics, chemistry and bioremediation technology.
(1) peripheral doses technology
Peripheral doses technology includes：
1) soil moved in improve the original, adds untainted new soil in contaminated soil；Soil removal and replacement, will be removed with contaminated soil, be changed not
The new soil of pollution；Dig, the table soil of pollution is turned to into lower floor；Table soil is removed, the table soil mud of pollution is gone.1975, Japan repaiied
It is multiple that displacement soil has been used by the soil of cadmium pollution, cadmium soil is buried to 25 centimetres of deep undergrounds.But 40 years in the past, aggrieved
Person still lives in not regulating the spleen and stomach, and Japanese society has also paid huge economic cost for this, and the shade of land pollution does not disappear yet
Remove.
2) elution method, exactly with leacheate or addition containing the water handle that can improve water miscible certain chemical substance of heavy metal
Pollutant are rushed to root outer layer, then form more stable complex with heavy metal with the compound containing certain ligand or anion
Or precipitation is generated, to prevent polluted underground water.Elution method is preferable for the serious pollution effect of hydrocarbon, nitrate and heavy metal, fits
Together in light soil, but invest larger, easily cause underground water pollution and loss of soil nutrient, soil degeneration.
3) heat treating process is to heat contaminated soil, make the volatile contaminant (Hg) in soil volatilize and collect into
Row is reclaimed or processed, and the method is only applicable to volatile heavy metal, and the removal to cadmium is limited.
4) electrolysis is to make heavy metal in soil in the presence of electrolysis, electromigration, electric osmose and electrophoresis etc. in anode or the moon
Pole is removed, but repairing effect is big with soil pH, shock-absorbing capacity, soil constitution and pollution metal species dependency.
On the whole, such method has the advantages that effect is thorough, stable, but implements complexity, need to spend substantial amounts of manpower
With financial resources, there is the possibility of seepage and secondary pollution in the soil to swapping out, while the time required to recovering Soil structure and fertility
It is longer, and limited larger by natural conditions, the yield of crops can be reduced, reduce economic benefit.
(2) chemical remediation technology
Chemical redemption be exactly to contaminated soil input modifying agent, inhibitor, increase the soil organism, cation exchange capacity and
The content of cosmid, changes the physicochemical property such as pH, Eh and conductance, makes heavy metal-polluted soil generation oxidation, reduction, precipitation, absorption, suppression
Act on antagonism etc., to reduce the biological effectiveness of heavy metal.Chemical redemption mainly has the sedimentation method, organic matter method, absorption method etc..
Conventional modifying agent has:The organic substance of Calx, zeolite, Calcium Carbonate, phosphate, silicate and promotion reduction.Apply stone
The alkaline matters such as ash, slag, or the alkaline fertilizer such as calcium magnesium phosphate, can reduce the absorption of plant heavy metal, and the activity of Cd is generally
Affected very big by soil ph, by Cd contaminated soil liming 750kg/hm2, there is can heavy metal in soil
Effect state content reduces by 15% or so, and so as to effectively suppress absorption of the crop to Cd, Cd and Zn is typically association, with similar
Chemical property and geochemical behaviour, thus Zn has the characteristic that antagonism Cd is absorbed by plants.By in Cd contaminated soils
Appropriate Zn is added, Cd/Zn ratios are adjusted, absorption of the plant to Cd can be suppressed, enrichments of the Cd in plant body can be reduced.In addition,
The addition of some inhibitor can also reduce enrichment of the Oryza sativa L. to cadmium.Chen Taos etc. spray the suppression of dinitrophenol cadmium in cadmium pollution soil
Agent, with reference to waterflooding, rice cadmium drops to 0.40mg/kg by 1.10mg/kg, reduces 64%, the effect of chemical redemption it is more satisfactory and
And expense is less, but stability is not strong, there is a problem of heavy metal reactivation.According to the characteristics of heavy metal in soil, it is easy
React to form stable complex with some coordination compounies, easily react to form precipitation with some acid ions.It is contaminated
Soil in add some complex or acid ion, the pH environment for making soil changes, to make soil in a huge sum of money
Category it is stable in the presence of come, then carry out clear water drip washing.Such method is not suitable for large-area pollution plot.
3) bioremediation technology
Biological restoration is, using some special plant, microorganism and animals, by metabolism, to absorb and remove
Heavy metal in soil converts Heavy Metals, reduces the toxicity of heavy metal, purification soil.Mainly there is animal reparation, micro-
The technologies such as biological restoration, phytoremediation.Animal reparation is mainly using absorbent earths such as some of soil lower animal Lumbricuss, muroids
Heavy metal in earth；Microorganism remediation be have using heavy metals such as some of soil microorganisms absorb, precipitation, oxidation and
The effect such as reduction, reduces the toxicity of heavy metal in soil.
Phytoremediation be using certain plants can restrain oneself with the characteristic of excessive accumulaiton heavy metal species to remove soil in
Heavy metal.The Chen Tongbin researcher of geographical institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences be found that within 2009 can the super rich plant-Herba pteridis vittatae for accumulating cadmium, so
And large-area field application is not obtained, its reason includes：The technology relative improvement cycle is longer, when needing the several years
Between, in the meantime peasant can not till the land, and such peasant will bear the economic loss of reparation and crops, and this is that they cannot receive
, although therefore the technology praised highly as the green environmental protection technique of most market potential, but cannot obtain large-area
Using.
Bioremediation technology implements simple, invests less, but governance process is longer.Pollutant are being removed with such method
Depending on should be according to the situation of actual pollution in selection, due to the effect of food chain, should try one's best during the selection of these methods and avoid food
With class, in order to avoid be detrimental to health.
Although heavy metal, patch is not that the soil remediation method of cadmium is numerous, and most methods are still in laboratory batch reality
Test and the simulation test stage, the maturation method that live level of application has been reached is little.Current research lays particular emphasis on to be sought to administer effect
Rate is high, the low and live workable method of control expense.
The content of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of purification for removing Active Heavy Metals in soil
Method, specific technical scheme is:
The method of Active Heavy Metals, comprises the following steps in a kind of removing soil：
Step one：The step of soil of heavy metal pollution is received in the immersion of water without heavy metal；
Step 2：The soil for ploughing the above-mentioned immersion of rake repeatedly makes muddy step；
Step 3：The step of above-mentioned soil ploughed after rake repeatedly is stood into 3-48 hours；
Step 4：The primary water on the upper strata of soil after above-mentioned standing is put into into Sen Meisi to go in removing heavy metals device to be gone
The step of removing heavy metals；
Step 5：By it is above-mentioned through going removing heavy metals step after water invade again bubble step one in soil the step of and
The step of repeat step two arrives step 4；Heavy metal so repeatedly several times in soil 80% (percentage ratio) is disposed of.
It is described in step one, the water without heavy metal be tap water, pond water, reservoir water, well water, river in
One or more.
Adding in the water without heavy metal does not affect the organic acid of agricultural land soil characteristic, and the organic acid is enabled to
Water in farmland to be dealt with is in faintly acid, and pH value is between 5-6.9.
Described organic acid is acetic acid, vinegar, one or more of citric acid.
It is described also to include the primary water of topsoil after standing between step 3 and step 4 through overflow to overflowing
The step of stream hole.
The described first overflow before cheating into overflow is the step of rustless steel Intranet or other defecators are filtered.
The water after the clarification of overflow hole is overflowed to into again clear water hole.
The described water after clear water cheats clarification again through Waterpower brush net the step of.
The overflow hole and clear water hole material can be waterproof cloth cover hole body either plastics hole body or other not
Produce the hole body of mud.
The described irrigation water in step one simultaneously maintains the water level of 20cm or so on soil.
Compared with prior art beneficial effects of the present invention are：The present invention's is applied to removal heavy metal-polluted soil porous material
High selectivity with heavy metal and adsorption efficiency are high.Whole processing technology does not affect Soil structure and characteristic, without prejudice to soil
The normal farming and plantation on ground, and the removal of heavy metal is permanent, can be widely applied to heavy metal pollution farmland
With the reparation of soil.The heavy metal in soil after process can be reduced year by year and during the porous material using the invention
The content of beary metal of the crops for being produced can be reduced to the national standard (cadmium is less than 0.1mg/kg in rice) of safe edible.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is present invention process flow chart.
Fig. 2 is the quick removal technology schematic diagram that Sen Meisi of the present invention removes Active Heavy Metals in soil.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples are used for
The present invention is illustrated, but is not limited to the scope of the present invention.
Sen Meisi equipment SAMMNS-Met01 possess process flow 0.8-2.3m per hour3/h.In Hengyang, Hunan Province village
Following experimental works have been carried out on the soil of one piece of heavy metal pollution：
The ridge of waterproof is built around 0.1 mu of ground, 7 soil samples have been have chosen and in soil sample in 7 places on the ground
Every, lead, hydrargyrum analyzed, analysis result is as shown in Table 1；Then to plot injection tap water and the water surface is made on soil
The depth in face reaches 3cm, and the ground is being turned over, and rake is ploughed and roll forming, and roll forming has carried out back and forth 4 times making soil be formed with water
Mud, and take mud sample in 7 same places for taking dry soil samples originally and analyze the content of beary metal (table one of these mud samples
|).The slime water standing sedimentation 48 hours.Then a 2m has been excavated at the outer low-lying place on 0.1 mu of ground3Overflow hole or
A 2m has been excavated in lower and adjacent position3Clear water hole, and with the Polypropylence Sheet of waterproof by all faces and bottom in two holes
Cover.Again overflow hole and overflow will be incorporated into through the top layer for standing in paddy field by a pvc pipe for being covered with stainless (steel) wire
To clear water hole, Sen Meisi equipment is with 2.1m when overflowing to clear water hole3The speed of/h cheats the removing heavy metals in water-filling of fetching water from clear water
Process, and be sampled in the water inlet and outlet per hour in Sen Meisi equipment and heavy metal in tested water sample contains
Amount.Each Sen Meisi equipment process time 10 hours, the process water yield is 21m3Left and right, equivalent to by the whole water in 0.1 mu of ground
Carry out heavy metal to process once, water sample analysis the results are shown in Table 2.The arrestment after Sen Meisi equipment is processed 10 hours, to water
The mud of Tanaka roll forming 3 times and takes mud sample for analysis in 7 same places back and forth, then standing sedimentation 12 hours with
Carry out processing 10 hours by above method afterwards and to the primary water after sedimentation and carry out same sample analysis.The process is again
Repeat twice, all of soil sample analysis result is shown in that (table one) and water sample analysis result are shown in (table two).
Table one：Analysis of Heavy Metal in soil sample
Table two：Sen Meisi processes farmland water sample analysis
The active cadmium reduction amount that can be seen that from the data of table one in soil (for example drops up to 82.16% from 6.20mg/kg
To 1.10mg/kg), the total cadmium reduction amount in soil up to 28.85% (for example dropping to 12.00mg/kg from 17.05mg/kg), from
The data of table two can be seen that the removal after each roll forming from primary water every amount up to 97.52% (for example from
456.6mg/ is elevated to 11.3mg/ liters).The farmland soil of the invention is highly effective except huge sum of money technique.The above is only this
The preferred implementation of invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from skill of the present invention
On the premise of art principle, some improvement and modification can also be made, these are improved and modification also should be regarded as the protection model of the present invention
Enclose.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method for removing Active Heavy Metals in soil, comprises the following steps：
Step one：The step of soil of heavy metal pollution is received in the immersion of water without heavy metal；The water without heavy metal is
One or more in tap water, pond water, reservoir water, well water, river；Adding in the water without heavy metal does not affect
The organic acid of agricultural land soil characteristic, the water that the organic acid is enabled in farmland to be dealt with is in faintly acid, and pH value is in 5-6.9
Between；Described organic acid is acetic acid, vinegar, one or more of citric acid；
Step 2：The soil for ploughing the above-mentioned immersion of rake repeatedly makes slimy step；
Step 3：The step of above-mentioned soil ploughed after rake repeatedly is stood into 3-48 hours；By the primary water of topsoil after standing
The step of overflow is cheated to overflow；
Step 4：The primary water on the upper strata of soil after above-mentioned standing is put into into gloomy U.S. think of SAMMNS-Met01 and removes removing heavy metals device
In the step of be removed heavy metal；
Step 5：By the step of soil in the water after through going removing heavy metals step again soaking step one and repeat step
Two to step 4 the step of, so the heavy metal repeatedly several times in soil 80% is disposed of.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：First overflow is through rustless steel Intranet before cheating into overflow
Or other defecators are the step of filter.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：By the water overflow again cheated through overflow after clarification
To clear water hole.
4. method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Water after clear water cheats clarification is again through Waterpower brush net
Step.
5. the method according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that：The overflow hole and clear water hole are waterproof cloth covering
Hole body either plastics hole body or other do not produce the hole body of mud.
6. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The irrigation water in step one, maintains 20cm on soil left
Right water level.
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| CN201410803523.XA CN104984989B (en) | 2014-12-23 | 2014-12-23 | Method for removing active heavy metals from soil |
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| CN201410803523.XA CN104984989B (en) | 2014-12-23 | 2014-12-23 | Method for removing active heavy metals from soil |
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| CN105618472B (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2019-01-29 | 湖南森美思环保有限责任公司 | A kind of permanent method for removing available heavy metal in heavy-metal contaminated soil |
| CN105478458B (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2019-01-29 | 湖南森美思环保有限责任公司 | A kind of device and method of in-situ treatment river bottom mud heavy metal pollution |
| CN105945047A (en) * | 2016-07-10 | 2016-09-21 | 中山市绿浪助剂有限公司 | Comprehensive remediation method for soil polluted by heavy metals and application of comprehensive remediation method |
| CN106430869A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-02-22 | 格丰环保科技有限公司 | Black and odorous water bottom mud passivation system |
| CN111330966A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-06-26 | 上海澄域环保工程有限公司 | In-situ slurry stabilization restoration method for heavy metal polluted site |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE59603574D1 (en) * | 1995-01-05 | 1999-12-09 | Roland Krahn | BIOTECHNOLOGICAL RESTORATION OF FLOORS AND WATERS CONTAINING HEAVY METALS |
| JP3692318B2 (en) * | 2001-09-28 | 2005-09-07 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Purification system for contaminated soil |
| KR20110095643A (en) * | 2010-02-19 | 2011-08-25 | 주식회사 해천이티에스 | Remediation of soils contaminated by combination of soil washing and phytoremediation |
| CN102615098B (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2013-08-28 | 中南大学 | Method for repairing cadmium-lead composite polluted calcareous soil |
| CN103357655B (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2016-01-20 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of composite chemical ELUTION METHOD for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal |
| CN103406351B (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2016-08-31 | 韩清洁 | A kind of renovation technique being applicable to pollute clay |
| CN103586276A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-19 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Drip washing method for remedying cadmium-contaminated soil |
| CN103706624B (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2016-02-24 | 广西大学 | A kind of restorative procedure of heavy-metal contaminated soil |
| CN103894396B (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2016-01-20 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of method of administering heavy-metal contaminated soil |
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