CN104965023B - Multi-modal guided wave industrial pipeline diagnostic method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of multi-modal guided wave industrial pipeline diagnostic methods, for the real-time diagnosis to defect of pipeline, and are positioned, are quantified to defect, qualitative and early diagnosis.Diagnostic device includes computer, host, the big module of sensor array three, by changing sensor array, L (0 is motivated by multichannel delay time signal excitation system, and T (0 2), 1) mode supersonic guide-wave both modalities which is detected, improve the accuracy to different defect diagonsis, host acquisition channel passes through multiple groups capture card and change-over switch combinational circuit, acquisition passes domain sensor domain signal and single sensor signal, DAC time-histories displacement curve is obtained to signal processing and mode symmetrical curve quantifies defect, positioning and early diagnosis, it extracts signal characteristic parameter and constitutes the type identification that one-dimensional characteristic vector is used for defect, the present invention can carry out real-time online detection to pipeline, detection accuracy is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of industrial pipeline defect diagnostic method more particularly to a kind of multi-modal guided wave industrial pipeline diagnosis
Method belongs to industrial pipeline safety detection and protection technology field.
Background technique
Various pipelines are widely used in our production and life, especially electric power, petroleum, chemical industry, natural gas and
The industrial departments such as city tap-water, play an important role.But the seriousness of industrial pipeline safety problem has been shown especially in recent years
Out, explosion injures and deaths major accident takes place frequently, and counts its number because stop work and production accident is difficult caused by leaking.Pipeline transportation safety is
As a distinct issues for influencing economic development and social stability.In order to can be most fast, most after defect occurs in pipeline
It is accurately detected where defective locations, needs a kind of effective defect inspection method.Multi-modal guided wave pipeline diagnostic equipment utilizes
The defect of ultrasonic guided wave detecting pipeline has many advantages, such as quick, economical, reliable and is not necessarily to remove surrounding layer, is defect of pipeline inspection
Survey it is a kind of faster, sensitiveer, more forward position developing direction.
Multi-modal guided wave pipeline diagnostic equipment is that by the detecting instrument early diagnosed online to defect of pipeline, phase
For traditional supersonic detection method, its detection range is wider, and detection length can reach rice up to a hundred.The testing principle of supersonic guide-wave
It is that supersonic guide-wave is motivated on pipeline using sensor array ring, guided wave is propagated in duct wall, encounters the defects of pipeline
When generate echo, realized by receiving flaw echo positioning to defect, it is quantitative with it is qualitative.
Corresponding detection device is also developed while foreign countries are for guided wave technology research, as Plant Integrity is public
It is super to take charge of the long distance oil-gas pipeline Guided waves equipment of production, the Teletest detection device of welding company of Britain production and Britain
Wavemaker detection device of guided Waves company etc., but overseas equipment only selects the mode of single mode to be detected, it can not
Adapt to requirement of the different defects to susceptibility.In addition, external guided wave instrument only carries out single channel to sensor and successively acquires, it is not real
When acquire.Due to being handled with complicated algorithm, entire detection time need to spend 10s or so, and external instrument price is high
It is expensive, introduce higher cost.
Document " research and development of miniature ultrasonic guided wave pipeline detection system ", is detected using single mode, right
The adaptability of pipeline difference defect is poor, which is only acquired single sensor, and acquisition real-time is poor,
And later period signal processing technology is not described, defect size and type are not differentiated.
Pipe ultrasonic Guided waves system disclosed in patent CN202994735U do not take multiple modalities to pipeline into
Row detection, and defects detection process and recognition methods are not described, in addition, the system, which is not taken, eliminates backward echo technology,
It can not judge the correct orientation of defect.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of multi-modal guided wave industrial pipeline diagnostic method, which passes through multi-pass
Road delay time signal excitation system timesharing motivates symmetrical L (0,2) mode guided wave and symmetrical T (0,1) mode guided wave respectively, improves
The susceptibility of defects detection motivates axisymmetric L (0,2) mode guided wave when adjusting sensor array and being classified as genesis analysis, when
When adjustment sensor array is classified as cross direction profiles, axisymmetric T (0,1) mode guided wave is motivated, guided wave encounters in communication process
L (0,2) mode conversion is at asymmetrical bending F (1,3) mode when defect, T (0,1) mode conversion at asymmetrical bending F (1,
2) mode obtains the conversion mode characteristic parameter in echo-signal, and selection conversion mode characteristic parameter is analyzed, and passes through the later period
Algorithm is established mode symmetrical curve and is quantified to conversion mode, carries out real-time online to defect in conjunction with DAC time-histories attenuation curve
Detection, the real-time diagnosis to defect of pipeline, and defect is positioned, is quantified, qualitative and early diagnosis.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs：
A kind of multi-modal guided wave industrial pipeline diagnostic method, multi-modal guided wave industrial pipeline diagnostic device include computer 1,
Host 2, sensor array ring 3, the host 1 include processor 4, two excitation channels 5, memories 6, power supply 7, analog-to-digital conversion
Device 10, conditioning circuit 11, multi pass acquisition card 12, change-over switch 13, interface equipment 14；The excitation channel 5 includes digital-to-analogue conversion
Device 8, power amplifier 9；The memory 6, power supply 7 are connected with processor 4, and the processor 4 is connected with interface equipment 14, institute
It states interface equipment 14 to be connected with computer 1, the processor 4 is connected with digital analog converter 8, the digital analog converter 8 and power
Amplifier 9 is connected, and the piezoelectric sensor array ring 3 is made of the sensor of 3 groups of same sizes and quantity, wherein two groups are letter
Number excitation ring, be separately connected it is described two excitation channels 5 power amplifiers 9；Another group as signal acquisition ring and described more
The input terminal of road capture card 12 is connected, and the multi pass acquisition card 12 includes 5 groups of capture cards, and every group of capture card has 8 road independent samples
Channel, 40 road sampling channels of capture card dock single sensor, the output end and conditioning electricity of the multi pass acquisition card 12 respectively
Road 11 is connected, and the output end of the multi pass acquisition card 12 is also connected with change-over switch 13, and the change-over switch 13 is by multi pass acquisition
It is transmitted to conditioning circuit 11 after the signal of 12 input of card is in parallel, the conditioning circuit 11 is connected with analog-digital converter 10, the mould
Number converter 10 is connected with processor 4；Multi-modal guided wave industrial pipeline diagnostic method includes the following steps：
1) sensor ring array is longitudinally uniformly distributed, two groups of signals excitation interannulars are away from for C/ (4*fc), wherein C is excitation
Guided wave velocity of wave, fcFor the centre frequency of pumping signal；
2) input waveform frequency fc, waveform periodicity n, detection duct length, number of probes, when the delay in two channels
Between be C/ (4*fc), the pulse digit wave of window function modulation is generated according to user's input waveform frequency and periodicity by computer
Shape, is sent to the processor of host, and waveform formula is：
Y (t) is pumping signal function, and t is the time propagated；
3) digital waveform is respectively fed in two excitation channels by host, is converted into analog waveform through digital analog converter, then
After conditioning and amplification, delay and running stimulus sensor array ring motivate axial symmetry L (0,2) mode guided wave；
4) capture card in acquisition channel acquires the echo-signal on single sensor, and change-over switch will be for will individually sense
Device signal parallel connection constitutes domain signal, final to realize while acquiring single sensor signal and domain sensor signal, then right
Signal carries out conditioning amplification and analog-to-digital conversion, is temporarily stored in memory；
5) domain sensor signal amplitude envelope line is extracted, and band-pass filter processing, filter are carried out to signal
Centre frequency is the driving frequency of computer installation, bandwidth 10KHz-30KHz；
6) with signal acquisition ring, received domain echo-signal is starting wave for the first time, extracts the maximum of starting wave, root
According to guided wave decay formula, DAC time-histories attenuation curve is drawn to carry out the differentiation of pipeline configuration feature and the quantitative analysis of defect, institute
Stating DAC time-histories attenuation curve includes flange DAC time-histories attenuation curve, weld seam DAC time-histories attenuation curve, the decaying of defect DAC time-histories
Curve determines that echo-signal is when domain echo-signal amplitude highest point is located at flange DAC time-histories attenuation curve area above
Flange feature；When domain echo-signal amplitude highest point is located at flange DAC time-histories attenuation curve or less and the decaying of weld seam DAC time-histories
When more than curve, determine that echo-signal is pipeline-weld；When domain echo-signal amplitude highest point is located at the decaying of weld seam DAC time-histories
Below curve and when defect DAC time-histories attenuation curve area above, determine that echo-signal is those suspected defects；The guided wave decaying is public
Formula is as follows：
Y=e-0.02675x
7) it is handled collected single sensor signal to obtain mode symmetrical curve according to mode symmetry algorithm, by mode
Symmetrical curve and domain sensor signal are established under time amplitude figure, and domain sensor signal and mode are more sometime descended
The Amplitude Ration σ of symmetrical curve signal inscribes existing defects when can determine that this when σ is greater than 1；When σ is greater than 1/2, this can determine that
When inscribe with early defect；When σ is less than 1/2, determine to inscribe no defect when this；
The mode symmetrical curve is to convert modal amplitudes for quantifying as obtained by handling single sensor signal,
Processing method is that selection pipeline section any two central symmetry waveform sensor is overlapped mutually, and is then averaged and is drawn
System, such as following algorithm：
N is the number for forming a ring sensor,The amplitude of signal is received for single sensor, Y is superimposed
Waveforms amplitude afterwards；
8) positioning analysis is carried out to resulting flaw indication, T is the flaw indication that is determined by calculation apart from field wave
Interval time calculates pipeline in the position L existing defects, carries out positioning analysis to defect according to the guided wave wave velocity C motivated, fixed
Position formula is as follows：
L=CT/2；
9) after the completion of one-time detection, adjustment sensor array ring is laterally uniform in pipeline outer wall, is repeated above-mentioned
Parameter setting, so that shearing T (0,1) mode guided wave is motivated, since L (0,2) mode guided wave and T (0,1) mode guided wave are directed to
Different defects, susceptibility is different, to avoid the missing inspection to defect, selects mode symmetrical when motivating both modalities which
There is the more waveform of number of peak value as credible waveform in curve.
The purpose of the present invention can also be further realized by following technical measures：
Aforementioned multimode state guided wave industrial pipeline diagnostic method, wherein the step 2) waveform frequency is the resonance frequency of sensor
Rate, wave period number n are 10, and the number of sensor is even number, and is greater than the top step number of mode of flexural vibration in Guided waves.
Aforementioned multimode state guided wave industrial pipeline diagnostic method, the flaw indication maximum wherein determined in step 6), which is located at, to be lacked
When falling into DAC time-histories attenuation curve or less 50% to 10%, it is diagnosed as minor injury；When maximum is located at the decaying of defect DAC time-histories
Below curve 10% to more than defect DAC time-histories attenuation curve 10% when, be diagnosed as moderate lesion；When maximum is located at defect
When more than DAC time-histories attenuation curve 10% to 50%, it is diagnosed as seriously damaging.
Aforementioned multimode state guided wave industrial pipeline diagnostic method carries out qualitative analysis to gained flaw indication, by the class of defect
Type is divided into corrosion and crackle, by establishing typical defect database training neural network, extracts domain signal energy value, phase relation
Number, frequency spectrum halfwidth, coefficient of kurtosis, coefficient of skewness characteristic parameter constitute one-dimensional characteristic vector as neural network input layer, use
Neural network after training tests collecting sample, carries out type of impairment real-time judge.
The sensor array system includes piezoelectric sensor array, magneto strictive sensor array, Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer
Array.Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1) for defect to the difference of the susceptibility of different modalities, the present invention is arranged by changing sensor array to excitation
Longitudinal L (0, the 2) mode and shearing T (0,1) mode supersonic guide-wave for adapting to complex working condition out, pass through analysis excitation mode and conversion
Mode relationship realizes multi-modal detection and improves the accuracy of defects detection.
2) primary excitation is realized by the way of multi pass acquisition card and AND gate circuit combination in host receiving channel of the present invention
And sensor array ring domain signal and single sensor signal can be obtained simultaneously, DAC curve is obtained by the processing to signal
With mode symmetrical curve, realize to defect it is real-time position, it is quantitative, qualitative.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is multi-modal pipeline guided wave diagnostic system internal module structure chart；
Fig. 2 is system operational flow diagram；
Fig. 3 is system diagnosis method flow chart；
Fig. 4 is sensor array ring cross direction profiles figure；
Fig. 5 is sensor array ring genesis analysis figure；
Fig. 6 is multi-modal guided wave diagnostic system detection waveform.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and specific examples.
As shown in Figure 1, multi-modal guided wave industrial pipeline diagnostic device of the invention, including computer 1, host 2, piezoelectricity pass
Sensor array ring 3, the host 1 include 4, two excitation channels 5 of processor, memory 6, power supply 7, analog-digital converter 10, adjust
Manage circuit 11, multi pass acquisition card 12, change-over switch 13, interface equipment 14；The excitation channel 5 includes digital analog converter 8, power
Amplifier 9；The memory 6, power supply 7 are connected with processor 4, and the processor 4 is connected with interface equipment 14, and the interface is set
Standby 14 are connected with computer 1, and the processor 4 is connected with digital analog converter 8, the digital analog converter 8 and 9 phase of power amplifier
Even, the sensor array ring 3 is made of the sensor of 3 groups of same sizes and quantity, wherein two groups are motivated ring for signal, respectively
Connect the power amplifier 9 in described two excitation channels 5；Another group as the defeated of signal acquisition ring and the multi pass acquisition card 12
Entering end to be connected, the multi pass acquisition card 12 includes 5 groups of capture cards, and every group of capture card has a 8 road independent sample channels, and the 40 of capture card
Road sampling channel docks single sensor respectively, and the output end of the multi pass acquisition card 12 is connected with conditioning circuit 11, described more
The output end of road capture card 12 is also connected with change-over switch 13, and the signal that the change-over switch 13 inputs multi pass acquisition card 12 is simultaneously
Conditioning circuit 11 is transmitted to after connection, the conditioning circuit 11 is connected with analog-digital converter 10, the analog-digital converter 10 and processing
Device 4 is connected.
The present invention is directed to the deficiency of existing guided wave detection technology, provides a kind of multi-modal guided wave pipeline diagnostic device, this is examined
Disconnected device by the timesharing of multichannel delay time signal excitation system motivate respectively symmetrical L (0,2) mode guided wave and symmetrical T (0,
1) mode guided wave passes through the multiple groups capture card and change-over switch in host acquisition channel to improve the susceptibility of defects detection
Combinational circuit is, it can be achieved that primary motivate while obtaining sensor domain signal and single sensor signal, raising real-time detection
While reduce software algorithm difficulty, be convenient for later period signal processing.
The computer 1 is the control centre of whole device, and computer 1 sends control instruction to host 2 and controls its operation.
When the piezoelectric transducer of apparatus of the present invention is longitudinally evenly distributed on tube wall, L (0,2) mode guided wave can be motivated, when
Piezoelectric transducer is laterally uniform in pipeline outer wall, motivates T (0,1) mode guided wave.
There are the combinational circuit of 5 groups of capture cards and change-over switch, every group of capture card in the host acquisition channel of apparatus of the present invention
There are 8 road independent sample channels, 40 road sampling channels of capture card dock single sensor respectively, to realize that primary excitation can be same
When acquire the function of whole road signal and one-channel signal.
The multichannel delay time signal excitation system is made of two independent actuation channels, and two channels generate time delay and each other
Reverse phase waveform signal, stimulus sensor motivates ring after conditioning and after amplification, wherein two communication channel delay times were C/ (4*fc), then adjust
Two sensors excitation interannular is saved away from C/ (4*fc), the guided wave motivated can be made to propagate along one direction according to superposition theorem, work as host A
The A1 ring sensor of channel docking with respect to the B1 ring sensor delay excitation that channel B is docked, then arranged by A1 and passed by the guided wave motivated
Sensor arranges sensor one way propagation to B1, and vice versa.Multi-modal guided wave industrial pipeline diagnostic method includes the following steps：
(1) computer being connect with system host by data cable, system host is connect with 3 row's sensor array rings,
Sensors configured ring array is genesis analysis, and host two motivates channel to be separately connected two rows of stimulus sensor array rings, two excitations
Sensor array interannular is away from for C/ (4*fc), C is the guided wave velocity of wave motivated, fcFor the centre frequency of pumping signal, host acquisition
Channel connects receiving sensor array ring.
(2) testing staff is in COMPUTER PARAMETER input interface input waveform frequency fc, the periodicity n of waveform, two channels
Delay time, detection duct length, number of probes, digital waveform is generated by computer-internal and is passed by USB2.0 communication interface
It is defeated into host-processor.Wherein waveform frequency is preferably the resonance frequency of sensor, the resolution ratio of wave period number n and signal
Related to the susceptibility to defect, the resolution ratio of the general bigger signal of periodicity is lower, but, institute higher to the susceptibility of defect
It should can meet pipeline when periodicity is 10 according to actually accepting or rejecting, under normal circumstances when selection with user
The requirement of Guided waves；The number of sensor is related with the outer diameter of tested pipeline, and outer diameter more large sensor number is more, but passes
The number of sensor is necessary for even number, and should be greater than the top step number of mode of flexural vibration in Guided waves.
(3) digital waveform is respectively fed in two independent actuation channels of host by host, is converted into mould through digital analog converter
Quasi- waveform, then conditioned and amplification, delay and running stimulus sensor array ring, adjustment stimulus sensor array ring first is in pipeline
It is that longitudinal direction is uniformly distributed on outer wall, to motivate axial symmetry L (0,2) mode guided wave.
(4) capture card in acquisition channel acquires the echo-signal on single sensor, and change-over switch is used for leaflet
Sensor signal parallel connection constitutes domain signal, final to realize while acquiring single sensor signal and domain sensor signal, then
Signal carries out conditioning amplification and analog-to-digital conversion, is temporarily stored in memory.
(5) it sends instruction control computer processing unit by computer to pre-process signal, the extraction domain first passes
Sensor signal amplitude envelope line, and band-pass filter processing is carried out to signal, filter centre frequency is computer installation
Driving frequency, bandwidth 10Khz-30KHz.
(6) with receiving sensor array ring, received domain signal is starting wave for the first time, extracts the maximum of starting wave,
According to guided wave decay formula, DAC time-histories attenuation curve is drawn to carry out the differentiation of pipeline configuration feature and the quantitative analysis of defect,
DAC time-histories attenuation curve includes flange DAC time-histories attenuation curve, weld seam DAC time-histories attenuation curve, defect DAC time-histories decaying song
Line determines that echo is method Lactel when domain echo-signal amplitude highest point is located at flange DAC time-histories attenuation curve area above
Sign；When domain echo-signal amplitude highest point be located at flange DAC time-histories attenuation curve or less and weld seam DAC time-histories attenuation curve with
When upper, determine echo be pipeline-weld, when domain echo-signal amplitude highest point be located at weld seam DAC time-histories attenuation curve or less with
When defect DAC time-histories attenuation curve area above, determine that echo is those suspected defects.Wherein decay formula is as follows：
Y=e-0.02675x
(7) it is handled collected single sensor signal to obtain mode symmetrical curve according to mode symmetry algorithm, by mould
State symmetrical curve and domain sensor signal are established under time amplitude figure, and domain sensor signal and mould are more sometime descended
The Amplitude Ration σ of state symmetrical curve signal inscribes existing defects when can determine that this when σ is greater than 1；When σ is greater than 1/2, can determine that
This when inscribe with early defect；When σ is less than 1/2, determine to inscribe no defect when this.
Mode symmetrical curve is as converting modal amplitudes for quantifying to obtained by the processing of single sensor signal.Processing
Method is that selection pipeline section any two central symmetry waveform sensor is overlapped mutually and is finally averaged and is drawn, such as with
Lower algorithm：
N is the number for forming a ring sensor,Single sensor receives the amplitude of signal, and Y is superimposed
Waveforms amplitude afterwards.
(8) positioning analysis is carried out to resulting flaw indication, by calculating flaw indication receiving sensor array ring first
The time interval T of the secondary echo received calculates pipeline in the position L existing defects, L is scarce according to the guided wave wave velocity C motivated
The distance for falling into one ring of centre of range sensor ring array carries out positioning analysis to defect, and ranging formula is as follows
L=CT/2
(9) quantitative analysis is carried out to gained flaw indication, when the flaw indication maximum determined in step (7) is located at defect
When 50% to 10% below DAC time-histories attenuation curve, it is diagnosed as minor injury；When waveform maximum to be measured is located at defect DAC
When more than journey decaying following 10% to defect DAC time-histories decaying 10%, it is diagnosed as moderate lesion；When waveform maximum to be measured is located at
When more than defect DAC time-histories attenuation curve 10% to 50%, it is diagnosed as seriously damaging.
(10) qualitative analysis is carried out to gained flaw indication, the type of defect is usually divided into corrosion and crackle.By building
Vertical typical defect database training neural network, extract domain signal energy value, related coefficient, frequency spectrum halfwidth, kurtosis system
Number, coefficient of skewness characteristic parameter constitute one-dimensional characteristic vector as neural network input layer, with the neural network after training to adopting
Collection sample is tested, and type of impairment real-time judge is carried out.
(11) after the completion of one-time detection, adjustment sensor array ring is laterally uniform in pipeline outer wall, repeats above-mentioned
Parameter setting, so that T (0,1) mode guided wave is motivated, since L (0,2) mode and T (0,1) mode guided wave are directed to different lack
It falls into, susceptibility is different, to avoid the missing inspection to defect, selects mode symmetrical curve to occur when motivating both modalities which
The more waveform of the number of peak value is as credible waveform.
It combined with specific embodiments below, is 108mm to outer diameter, wall thickness 7mm, length is the hollow arbor braid weld seam straight tube of 11.5m
Road is detected, and butt weld has a Crack apart from pipe end 5.5m at pipeline heat affected area, and defect sectional area ratio is
12%, there is a defect sectional area at pipe end 8.5m than the hole for 4%, by computer, host module and biography
Sensor array three is connected by signal wire, and 3 groups of piezoelectric sensor arrays are coupled on pipeline.Multi-modal guided wave diagnosis dress at this time
It sets and runs according to the following steps：
(1) it selects suitable excitation parameters to input computer, selects the n to be for pumping signal, the driving frequency in 10 periods
70KHZ, two autonomous channels delay time be 2.55us, detection range 12m, monocycle number of probes are 16, inputted
Start acquisition at rear send to host.
(2) after multi-modal guided wave pipeline diagnostic equipment host receives the order of computer, digital waveform is converted and is sent into master
Two autonomous channels in machine are converted into analog waveform by digital analog converter, and make two channel signals each other by inverter cricuit
Reverse phase, it is then amplified to be applied on piezoelectric sensor array ring；
(3) setting two motivates channel actuation impulse waveform interval 2.55us, the spacing of stimulus sensor array ring is 19mm,
To motivate L (0,2) mode guided wave that single direction is propagated in the duct.
(4) guided wave motivated is propagated in the duct, and echo will be generated by encountering defect, and host acquisition channel is simultaneously at this time
Start 2 groups of capture cards, the interior echo-signal for successively acquiring single channel of group and whole road signal, and passes through signal condition and analog-to-digital conversion
Afterwards, it keeps in memory, and data is passed to by computer by USB2.0 interface.
(5) data received are sent into analysis and processing unit by computer, are filtered first to domain sensor signal
Processing, envelope processing, judge according to weld seam DAC time-histories attenuation curve in weld seam at pipeline 5.5m, and defect size is about
11%.
(6) mode symmetrical curve is handled to obtain according to single sensor signal, utilizes the amplitude and mould of domain sensor signal
There are tiny flaws at pipeline 8.5m for the Amplitude Ration diagnosis of state symmetrical curve.
(7) training that neural network is carried out using experiment acquisition drawbacks of the standard signal data, extracts signal energy value, width
Value, related coefficient, frequency spectrum halfwidth, coefficient of kurtosis, coefficient of skewness characteristic parameter constitute one-dimensional characteristic vector and lead as input layer
Enter to neural network and be trained judgement type of impairment, the training objective error of setting network is 0.001, with the nerve after training
Network tests test set sample, and the accuracy of defect recognition reaches 83%.
There is the present invention industrial pipeline to damage real-time online detection function, when mode symmetrical curve is integrally higher, and without bright
When aobvious peak value, it can determine that there are media inside pipeline, the initial stage damaged can occur using mode symmetrical curve, detection in pipeline
Damage is hidden inside band medium pipeline out, realizes and on-line checking is carried out to pipeline.
Radiation-curable pipeline, pressure vessel, rail, weld seam, anchor pole, freeway guardrail are vertical simultaneously for test object of the invention
Column, ground connection pipe network etc., have good market prospects.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments, all to use equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation shape
At technical solution, be all fallen within the protection domain of application claims.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of multi-modal guided wave industrial pipeline diagnostic method, multi-modal guided wave industrial pipeline diagnostic device include computer (1),
Host (2), sensor array ring (3), the host (1) include processor (4), two excitation channels (5), memory (6), electricity
Source (7), analog-digital converter (10), conditioning circuit (11), multi pass acquisition card (12), change-over switch (13), interface equipment (14)；Institute
Stating excitation channel (5) includes digital analog converter (8), power amplifier (9)；The memory (6), power supply (7) and processor (4)
It is connected, the processor (4) is connected with interface equipment (14), and the interface equipment (14) is connected with computer (1), the processing
Device (4) is connected with digital analog converter (8), and the digital analog converter (8) is connected with power amplifier (9), the sensor array
Ring (3) is made of the sensor of 3 groups of same sizes and quantity, wherein two groups are motivated ring for signal, is separately connected described two sharp
Encourage the power amplifier (9) of channel (5)；Another group of input terminal phase as signal acquisition ring and the multi pass acquisition card (12)
Even, the output end of the multi pass acquisition card (12) is connected with conditioning circuit (11), and the output end of the multi pass acquisition card (12) is also
Be connected with change-over switch (13), the change-over switch (13) by signal that multi pass acquisition card (12) inputs it is in parallel after be transmitted to conditioning
Circuit (11), the conditioning circuit (11) are connected with analog-digital converter (10), the analog-digital converter (10) and processor (4) phase
Even；It is characterized in that, by motivating symmetrical L (0,2) mode guided wave and symmetrical T (0,1) mode guided wave, every kind of mode respectively
Excitation guided wave generates a part of mode conversion when encountering defect in communication process, generates multi-modal echo-signal, to scarce
It is trapped into row positioning, quantitative, Qualitative Diagnosis, multi-modal guided wave industrial pipeline diagnostic method includes the following steps：
1) sensor ring array is longitudinally uniformly distributed, two groups of signals excitation interannulars are away from for C/ (4*fc), wherein C is excitation guided wave
Velocity of wave, fcFor the centre frequency of pumping signal；
2) input waveform frequency fc, waveform periodicity n, detection duct length, number of probes, the delay time in two channels is
C/(4*fc), the pulse digit waveform of window function modulation is generated according to user's input waveform frequency and periodicity by computer, is passed
It send to the processor of host, waveform formula is：
Y (t) is pumping signal function, and t is the time propagated；
3) digital waveform is respectively fed in two excitation channels by host, is converted into analog waveform through digital analog converter, then through adjusting
Reason and amplification, delay and running stimulus sensor array ring motivate axial symmetry L (0,2) mode guided wave；
4) capture card in acquisition channel acquires the echo-signal on single sensor, and change-over switch is for believing single sensor
It is number in parallel to constitute domain signal, it is final to realize while acquiring single sensor signal and domain sensor signal, then to signal
Conditioning amplification and analog-to-digital conversion are carried out, memory is temporarily stored in；
5) domain sensor signal amplitude envelope line is extracted, and band-pass filter processing, filter center are carried out to signal
Frequency is the driving frequency of computer installation；
6) with signal acquisition ring, received domain echo-signal is starting wave for the first time, extracts the maximum of starting wave, according to leading
Wave attenuation formula draws DAC time-histories attenuation curve and carries out the differentiation of pipeline configuration feature and the quantitative analysis of defect, described
DAC time-histories attenuation curve includes flange DAC time-histories attenuation curve, weld seam DAC time-histories attenuation curve, defect DAC time-histories decaying song
Line determines that echo-signal is method when domain echo-signal amplitude highest point is located at flange DAC time-histories attenuation curve area above
Lactel sign；When domain echo-signal amplitude highest point is located at flange DAC time-histories attenuation curve or less and weld seam DAC time-histories decaying song
When more than line, determine that echo-signal is pipeline-weld；When domain echo-signal amplitude highest point is located at weld seam DAC time-histories decaying song
Below line and when defect DAC time-histories attenuation curve area above, determine that echo-signal is those suspected defects；The guided wave decay formula
It is as follows：
Y=e-0.02675x
7) it is handled collected single sensor signal to obtain mode symmetrical curve according to mode symmetry algorithm, mode is symmetrical
Curve and domain sensor signal are established under time amplitude figure, more sometime descend domain sensor signal and mode symmetrical
The Amplitude Ration σ of curve signal inscribes existing defects when can determine that this when σ is greater than 1；When σ is greater than 1/2, the moment can determine that
There is down early defect；When σ is less than 1/2, determine to inscribe no defect when this；
The mode symmetrical curve is by the way that obtained by single sensor or sensor group signal processing, L (0,2) mode guided wave exists
Mode conversion occurs when encountering defect in communication process, partially generates asymmetrical bending F (1,3) mode, for quantifying conversion
Modal amplitudes, processing method are that selection pipeline section any two central symmetry waveform sensor is overlapped mutually, and are then averaged
Value is drawn, such as following algorithm：
N is the number for forming a ring sensor,The amplitude of signal is received for single sensor, after Y is superimposed
Waveforms amplitude；
8) positioning analysis is carried out to resulting flaw indication, T is the interval of the flaw indication that is determined by calculation apart from field wave
Time calculates pipeline in the position L existing defects, carries out positioning analysis to defect, positioning is public according to the guided wave wave velocity C motivated
Formula is as follows：
L=CT/2；
9) after the completion of one-time detection, adjustment sensor array ring is laterally uniform in pipeline outer wall, repeats above-mentioned parameter
Setting, to motivate shearing T (0,1) mode guided wave；When encountering defect in communication process mould occurs for T (0,1) mode guided wave
State conversion, partially generates asymmetrical bending F (1,2) mode, for quantifying conversion modal amplitudes；Due to L (0,2) mode guided wave
It is directed to different defects with T (0,1) mode guided wave and its conversion mode guided wave of generation, susceptibility is different, to avoid pair
The missing inspection of defect selects mode symmetrical curve the more waveform of number of peak value occur as can when motivating both modalities which
Believe waveform.
2. multi-modal guided wave industrial pipeline diagnostic method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step 2) the waveform frequency
Rate is the resonance frequency of sensor, and wave period number n is 10, and the number of sensor is even number, and is greater than in Guided waves and is bent
The top step number of mode.
3. multi-modal guided wave industrial pipeline diagnostic method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step 5) the band logical filter
The bandwidth of wave device is 10KHz-30KHz.
4. multi-modal guided wave industrial pipeline diagnostic method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that determined in the step 6)
Flaw indication maximum when being located at defect DAC time-histories attenuation curve or less 50% to 10%, be diagnosed as minor injury；When very big
When value is located at defect DAC time-histories attenuation curve or less 10% to more than defect DAC time-histories attenuation curve 10%, it is diagnosed as moderate damage
Wound；When maximum is located at defect DAC time-histories attenuation curve or more 10% to 50%, it is diagnosed as seriously damaging.
5. multi-modal guided wave industrial pipeline diagnostic method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that gained flaw indication into
The type of defect is divided into corrosion and crackle by row qualitative analysis, by establishing typical defect database training neural network, is extracted
Domain signal energy value, related coefficient, frequency spectrum halfwidth, coefficient of kurtosis, coefficient of skewness characteristic parameter constitute one-dimensional characteristic vector
As neural network input layer, collecting sample is tested with the neural network after training, carries out type of impairment real-time judge.
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| CN106198725B (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2019-04-30 | 江苏大学 | A kind of butt weld defect detecting system and detection method based on feature guided wave |
| CN108414624B (en) * | 2018-03-03 | 2020-11-03 | 北京工业大学 | Full waveform inversion method based detection method for crane special-shaped section structure lifting telescopic arm |
| CN108709932B (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2021-04-06 | 西安理工大学 | Track state detection method based on ultrasonic guided wave broken track detection system |
| CN108732249B (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2021-01-05 | 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院 | Multi-mode synchronous triggering control circuit and method in automatic ultrasonic detection system |
| CN109298080B (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2023-12-15 | 江苏大学 | Time-sharing excitation system and method of special array sensor for weld defect detection based on characteristic guided wave |
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