CN104964477B - A kind of multistage plate evaporation absorption type refrigerating unit and method - Google Patents

A kind of multistage plate evaporation absorption type refrigerating unit and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104964477B
CN104964477B CN201510465086.XA CN201510465086A CN104964477B CN 104964477 B CN104964477 B CN 104964477B CN 201510465086 A CN201510465086 A CN 201510465086A CN 104964477 B CN104964477 B CN 104964477B
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outlet
phase
pipeline
import
heat
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CN104964477A (en
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周轶松
黄为民
周鼎
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SHANGHAI DISEN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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SHANGHAI DISEN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Publication of CN104964477A publication Critical patent/CN104964477A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2016/091993 priority patent/WO2017020767A1/en
Priority to US15/735,363 priority patent/US20180172320A1/en
Priority to JP2017564534A priority patent/JP6441511B2/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
    • F25B15/02—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas
    • F25B15/06—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being water vapour evaporated from a salt solution, e.g. lithium bromide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
    • F25B15/008—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type with multi-stage operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
    • F25B25/02—Compression-sorption machines, plants, or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
    • F25B27/002—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy
    • F25B27/007—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy in sorption type systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
    • F25B27/02—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using waste heat, e.g. from internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F25B43/04—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat for withdrawing non-condensible gases
    • F25B43/046—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat for withdrawing non-condensible gases for sorption type systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/04—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for sorption type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2315/00—Sorption refrigeration cycles or details thereof
    • F25B2315/001—Crystallization prevention
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems

Abstract

The present invention relates to multistage plate evaporation absorption refrigeration method, apparatus and method.Change the original generator of absorption refrigeration unit and condenser carries out the mode that weak solution concentration generation cryogen water vapour is condensed again, but use a kind of continuous evaporation concentrating dilute solution combined by multigroup plate evaporation unit, the condensation latent heat of cryogen water vapour caused by weak solution evaporation process, which is completely reclaimed and utilized, is made regeneration steam, regeneration steam improves pressure and temperature by way of function of mechanical steam recompression so that the life steam that regeneration steam can substitute former input uses as thermal source；Energy Efficiency Ratio is greatly improved, COP reaches 5~6；Simultaneously because frozen-free heat discharge, reduce 50% cooling water amount；Preposition several effects of multistage evaporation unit mainly act on the continuous concentration of weak solution.

Description

A kind of multistage plate evaporation absorption type refrigerating unit and method
[technical field]
The present invention relates to waste-heat recovery device and method, and in particular to a kind of multistage plate evaporation absorption type refrigerating unit and Method.
[background technology]
Traditional absorption-type refrigerating method has had the production history of last 100 yearses, using the thermodynamic process that finalizes the design almost and Equipment；In actual use, it is with the most use be for the Lithium Bromide Absorption Refrigeration Cycle of air-conditioning and for freezing, air-conditioning Ammonia absorption type kind of refrigeration cycle.Recent decades by as defined in " Montreal Agreement " due to being influenceed, the use of reduction fluorine carbide, with And by the use of waste heat as driving heat source to reducing the meaning that has of carbon emission, absorption-type refrigerating method obtained larger popularization and In development, such as Chinese patent CN200510060377.7 " lithium bromide refrigerating air conditioner of multiple-energy-source driving " patent, it make use of Solar energy, microwave and fuel oil (gas) various energy resources, Japan Patent 2009-236440 " Gas heat pup type air Conditioning device or refrigerating device " and 2009-236441 " Heat pup type Refrigerating device " are developed by the use of gas engine used heat and are used as the absorption refrigeration side of air-conditioning, refrigeration machine thermal source Method.Such a refrigerating method is applied to the utilization of low temperature exhaust heat more.But these improvement all can not improve Absorption Cooling System in itself Energy Efficiency Ratio.Newest GB 29540-2013《Lithium bromide adsorption water chilling unit energy efficiency market and efficiency grade》In standard The COP for determining double-effect lithium bromide absorption type unit is 1.12~1.4, and the input heat source stream of double-effect lithium bromide refrigeration machine is 150 DEG C of even more high temperature, and the absorption cold COP of unit processed of ammonia-water is only 0.3~0.4.Because steam mechanical compressing hot pump has There is the sensible heat for the mechanical work lifting low temperature exhaust heat steam that can use very little, be changed into high-temperature steam with regard to its recyclable latent heat, as high temperature Thermal source is utilized, therefore is taken seriously in heat energy system, and " power plant is extracted by heat pump in Chinese patent CN201010198705.0 Waste-heat condensate system "；" cogeneration of heat and power coupling heat pump realizes region cold and heat combined supply to Chinese patent CN20101063699.5 System and method "；Chinese patent CN200910223748.7 " low-temperature waste heat power generation system exhaust steam condensation process self-coupling cold source heat pumps EGR "；Chinese patent CN201010163688.7 " central heating system of coupling circulating water heat pump of power plant with cogeneration and Method " has been directed to utilize low-temperature heat source, including water and steam, and the power generation and heat supply of whole cogeneration of heat and power is improved by source pump The Energy Efficiency Ratio of system；But the problem of being applied to using steam mechanical compressing hot pump in refrigeration, Air-conditioning Cycle is all not involved with, with Improve the Energy Efficiency Ratio problem of refrigeration unit in itself.
The wherein fundamental cause that the Energy Efficiency Ratio of absorption-type refrigerating method is low is concentrated in high pressure generator water as refrigerant When heat absorption generation refrigerant vapour need to absorb substantial amounts of heat energy, and the heat contained by refrigerant vapour is released in condensation process Release the heat of transformation to be discharged into outside system, cannot recycle；And refrigerant absorbs refrigerant circulation water in low pressure evaporator Low temperature heat energy so that generate low-temp low-pressure refrigerant vapour, the refrigerant vapour enter absorber there is vapour phase to be changed into liquid phase, phase again Become discharged heat, be generally also discharged into outside refrigeration system, be not also recycled utilization.In CN201020188184.6 A kind of source pump of heat supply simply is developed in " dual-effect type-II lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit ", does not solve above-mentioned follow The reuse of heat is discharged in ring.In CN200820115165.3, " the third is absorption for the single-effect type that a kind of cold and hot two-way simultaneous utilizes Heat pump " because make use of the discharge heat of a part, for heat supply, can cooling and heat supply simultaneously, COP is up to 2.2~2.6.But Because being not to be back to system again, driving refrigeration system energy input is reduced, so discharge heat can not be solved fundamentally Reuse problem.Also it is no to solve the problems, such as low-energy-efficiency ratio, therefore the Energy Efficiency Ratio with heating of freezing, it is still all very low.
The high major reason of absorption refrigeration, Air-conditioning Cycle cost is, traditionally to use pipe shell type heat exchange equipment and spray more Mass transfer method is drenched, heat transfer, mass tranfer coefficient are low, and heat exchange area is big, it is also necessary to circulating pump, spray-absorption solution and refrigerant repeatedly, And in Chinese patent CN200480010361.9 " absorber and heat exchanger with external circuit and including the absorber or heat The heat pump and air-conditioning system of exchanger " is by the use of plate type heat exchanger as absorber or condenser, to improve heat exchange efficiency, including United States Patent (USP) US6176101 B1 " FLAT-PLATE ABSORBERS AND EVAPORATORS FOR ABSORPTION Condenser and absorber are then assembled in a plate type heat exchanger by COOLERS ", and this equipment provides for recovering condensing heat can Can, but to solve, the Energy Efficiency Ratio of absorption-type refrigerating method does not improve the patent and reduction system cost proposes solution.
[content of the invention]
It is an object of the invention to improve the Energy Efficiency Ratio of multistage plate evaporation absorption type refrigerating unit.
To achieve these goals, a kind of multistage plate evaporation absorption type refrigerating unit is invented, including：
Cryogen water evaporimeter, including import,
Absorber, including export and import,
Characterized by further comprising following equipment：
Four road solution heat exchangers, including two cold side paths：First and second cold side paths, and a hot side path, The import of first cold side path and the outlet of absorber are connected by pipeline, and the outlet of hot side path and the import of absorber pass through Pipeline is connected, and the second cold path of surveying is connected with living water pipeline, and the outlet of the first cold side path is two：First cold side path The second outlet of first outlet and the first cold side path,
Steam blending tank, there is raw steam inlet, regeneration steam import, and outlet, raw steam inlet and raw steam pipe Road connects；
First phase-change heat-exchanger, its hot side import are connected by pipeline and the outlet of steam blending tank, cold side import and four tunnels The first outlet of first cold side path of solution heat exchanger is connected by pipeline,
4th plate type heat exchanger, hot side import are connected with the hot side outlet of the first phase-change heat-exchanger by pipeline, and cold side is entered Mouth is connected with living water pipeline,
First flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank, there is import, top gas phase outlet and bottom liquid phases outlet, its import and the first phase The cold side outlet port for becoming heat exchanger is connected by pipeline,
Second phase-change heat-exchanger, its hot side import are connected by pipeline with the gaseous phase outlet of the first flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank, Its cold side import is connected by pipeline with the first cold second outlet for surveying path of four road solution heat exchangers,
Second flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank, there is import, top gas phase outlet and bottom liquid phases outlet, its import and the second phase The cold side outlet port for becoming heat exchanger is connected by pipeline；Its liquid-phase outlet is merged with the first flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank outlet by pipeline The hot side import connection of four road solution heat exchangers is accessed afterwards,
Third phase becomes heat exchanger, and its hot side import is connected with the gaseous phase outlet of the second flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank by pipeline, Its cold side import is connected by pipeline with the hot side outlet of the 4th plate type heat exchanger by pipeline, its hot side outlet and the second phase transformation The hot side outlet of heat exchanger is connected after being merged by pipeline with the import of cryogen water evaporimeter by pipeline,
Condensate fluid level controller, there is outlet, import and discharge outlet, its outlet to pass through pipeline and the 4th plate type heat exchanger The pipeline being connected between becoming heat exchanger with third phase communicates；
3rd flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank, there is import, top gas phase outlet and bottom liquid phases outlet, its import and third phase The cold side outlet port for becoming heat exchanger is connected by pipeline, and liquid-phase outlet is connected with the import of condensate fluid level controller by pipeline；
Mechanical vapor-compression pump, its import are connected with the gaseous phase outlet of the 3rd flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank by pipeline, and it goes out Mouth is connected by pipeline with the regeneration steam import of steam blending tank by pipeline.
The equipment also has following optimization structure：
Described mechanical vapor-compression pump has the water supply tank for automatically determining saturation degree.
First, second, third described phase-change heat-exchanger is plate type heat exchanger, plate-type evaporator, plate-type condenser or pipe Shell heat exchanger.
Described mechanical vapor-compression pump is the combination of single-stage or multistage blower fan and compression pump, and its structure type is Roots Formula, centrifugal, reciprocating or screw.
Present invention additionally comprises a kind of refrigerating method of multistage plate evaporation absorption type refrigerating unit：
Weak solution from absorber enters four road solution heat exchangers with respectively enteing described first after concentrate heat exchange With the second phase-change heat-exchanger：
A part of weak solution from absorber is exchanged heat into the first phase-change heat-exchanger, and the water as refrigerant after heat exchange enters First flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank is separated into the cryogen water vapour of gas phase and the concentrate of liquid phase,
Another weak solution from absorber enters the second phase-change heat-exchanger with flashing vapor-liquid separation tank from first Cryogen water vapour is exchanged heat, and the weak solution after heat exchange enters the cryogen water vapour that the second flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank is separated into gas phase With the concentrate of liquid phase,
Another way cold water and water as refrigerant from tourie are absorbed by four road solution heat exchangers comes from first and second The waste heat for flashing the cryogen concentrated liquid of vapor-liquid separation tank produces hot water.
Above-mentioned technique also has following prioritization scheme：
The mixture of steam to be exchanged heat in the first phase-change heat-exchanger enters third phase and becomes heat exchanger absorption from the second sudden strain of a muscle After the water as refrigerant steam phase heating of vapor liquid knockout drum, into the 3rd flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank, the mixture of steam of gas phase enters Mechanical vapor-compression pump generates regeneration steam, is mixed with raw steam in steam blending tank, produces mixture of steam and enters Exchanged heat in first phase-change heat-exchanger with described weak solution.
Water as refrigerant steam condensate after second and third phase become heat exchanger heat exchange enters absorber, and by refrigerant water cooling But.
The present invention proposes the optimized design to lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration, unit is had ultrahigh energy efficiency ratio, COP Up to 5.5~6.
The present invention reclaims heat source stream condensate and concentrated solution waste heat by plate type heat exchanger, and domestic hot-water's output is made Use.
The present invention differs the situation of very little to various refrigerants and absorbent to boiling point, it is also proposed that a kind of rectification type band steams Vapour phase becomes the design that absorption refrigeration, air-conditioning and the heat pump heating of heat recovery units component circulate.Such as aqua-ammonia absorption-type refrigerating machine Unit.
[brief description of the drawings]
Fig. 1 is the device structure flow chart of embodiment；
The board-like interior coupling phase-change heat-exchanger 3. first of 1. steam blending tanks 2. first flashes vapor-liquid separation tank 4. the in figure Coupling phase-change heat-exchanger 5. second flashes coupling phase-change heat-exchanger 7. the 3rd in the three-plate type of vapor-liquid separation tank 6. in double-plate Flash the mechanical vapor-compression pump 12. of 10. 4 road solution heat exchanger of vapor-liquid separation tank 8. automatic water supply tank, 9. vavuum pump 11. It is cold that plate type heat exchanger 13. gives birth to 14. life water entrance of steam inlet, 15. life water entrance, 16 refrigerant water entrances 17 But the low-pressure absorber C. moisturizing entrances of 20. condensate liquid level meter of water entrance, 21 cryogen water evaporimeter 22.
[embodiment]
Hereinafter, it is described further in conjunction with the embodiments with accompanying drawing for the present invention, embodiment and accompanying drawing are only used for explaining Bright rather than restriction protection scope of the present invention.
First, as shown in figure 1, the device in the present embodiment is as follows：
As shown in Figure 1：
Cryogen water evaporimeter, including import,
Absorber, including export and import,
Four road solution heat exchangers, including two cold side paths：First and second cold side paths, and a hot side path, The import of first cold side path and the outlet of absorber are connected by pipeline, and the outlet of hot side path and the import of absorber pass through Pipeline is connected, and the second cold path of surveying is connected with living water pipeline, and the outlet of the first cold side path is two：First cold side path The second outlet of first outlet and the first cold side path,
Steam blending tank, there is raw steam inlet, regeneration steam import, and outlet, raw steam inlet and raw steam pipe Road connects；
First phase-change heat-exchanger, its hot side import are connected by pipeline and the outlet of steam blending tank, cold side import and four tunnels The first outlet of first cold side path of solution heat exchanger is connected by pipeline,
4th plate type heat exchanger, hot side import are connected with the hot side outlet of the first phase-change heat-exchanger by pipeline, and cold side is entered Mouth is connected with living water pipeline,
First flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank, there is import, top gas phase outlet and bottom liquid phases outlet, its import and the first phase The cold side outlet port for becoming heat exchanger is connected by pipeline,
Second phase-change heat-exchanger, its hot side import are connected by pipeline with the gaseous phase outlet of the first flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank, Its cold side import is connected by pipeline with the first cold second outlet for surveying path of four road solution heat exchangers,
Second flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank, there is import, top gas phase outlet and bottom liquid phases outlet, its import and the second phase The cold side outlet port for becoming heat exchanger is connected by pipeline；Its liquid-phase outlet is merged with the first flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank outlet by pipeline The hot side import connection of four road solution heat exchangers is accessed afterwards,
Third phase becomes heat exchanger, and its hot side import is connected with the gaseous phase outlet of the second flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank by pipeline, Its cold side import is connected by pipeline with the hot side outlet of the 4th plate type heat exchanger by pipeline, its hot side outlet and the second phase transformation The hot side outlet of heat exchanger is connected after being merged by pipeline with the import of cryogen water evaporimeter by pipeline,
First, second, third above-mentioned phase-change heat-exchanger can use board-like interior coupling phase-change heat-exchanger, can also use Other conventional such as plate type heat exchangers, plate-type evaporator, the heat exchanger of plate-type condenser or shell-and-tube heat exchanger type.
Condensate fluid level controller, there is outlet, import and discharge outlet, its outlet to pass through pipeline and the 4th plate type heat exchanger The pipeline being connected between becoming heat exchanger with third phase communicates；
3rd flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank, there is import, top gas phase outlet and bottom liquid phases outlet, its import and third phase The cold side outlet port for becoming heat exchanger is connected by pipeline, and liquid-phase outlet is connected with the import of condensate fluid level controller by pipeline；
Mechanical vapor-compression pump, its import are connected with the gaseous phase outlet of the 3rd flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank by pipeline, and it goes out Mouth is connected by pipeline with the regeneration steam import of steam blending tank by pipeline, and mechanical vapor-compression pump is full with automatically determining With the water supply tank of degree, it can use conventional both vapor compression sheet, be the combination of single-stage or multistage blower fan and compression pump, its structure Form can be roots-type, centrifugal, reciprocating or screw.
Former thermal source in the present embodiment is the mixture of raw steam and regeneration steam, naturally it is also possible to is steam or hot water； Absorber middle and upper part has a refrigerant pipe, and 16 be refrigerant water entrance in figure；The bottom of absorber has a cooling water pipeline, in figure 17 be cooling water outlet and inlet；C is moisturizing entrance.Employed in this unit including board-like by mechanical vapor-compression pump 11 and three groups Interior coupling phase-change heat-exchanger 2,4,6 and three groups of flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tanks 3,5,7 with heat exchanger combo；Preceding two groups of combination groups are main Concentration and generation cryogen water vapour that heating evaporation completes water as refrigerant weak solution are carried out to water as refrigerant weak solution；3rd group constitutes Refrigerant vapour phase transformation recuperation of heat simultaneously is allowed to generate regeneration steam；This three groups by board-like interior coupling phase-change heat-exchanger and flash distillation vapour-liquid The system work of knockout drum composition is in vacuum state, keeps vacuum and maintains higher heat exchanger efficiency to be furnished with vavuum pump 9 With its UNICOM, vavuum pump extracts on-condensible gas and preset system vacuum state；Every group has corresponding absolute pressure value.By Coupling phase-change heat-exchanger the 6, the 3rd flashes the regeneration steam (relatively low potential energy) that vapor-liquid separation tank 7 generates and steamed into machinery in three-plate type Vapour compression pump 11, the saturated vapor of the high one-level potential energy of heat supercharging output generation is closed through mechanical vapor-compression pump 11, is entered via pipeline Enter steam blending tank 1 to mix with raw steam inlet 13.Into first it is board-like it is interior coupling phase-change heat-exchanger 2 heat source stream with it is board-like Condensate is condensed into after the heat exchange of opposite side water as refrigerant weak solution enter plate type heat exchanger 12 from pipeline in interior coupling phase-change heat-exchanger Hot side exchanges heat with entering the domestic water of opposite side in device, and the domestic hot-water after heating exports for users to use, and after cooling down Condensate is via coupling phase-change heat-exchanger 6 in condensate circulating pump input three-plate type.Condensate couples phase in three-plate type Become the flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank 7 of heat exchanger 6 and the 3rd and be vaporizated into regeneration steam.From the water as refrigerant weak solution warp of low pressure generator outflow Four road solution heat exchangers 10 are pumped into by circulation, water as refrigerant weak solution is assigned as two-way after entering in four road solution heat exchangers, and one Road and concentrated solution indirect heat exchange go out after heat exchanger to enter after heating up first it is board-like it is interior couple phase-change heat-exchanger 2, another way is in device Go out heat exchanger after adjustment temperature into the second board-like interior coupling phase-change heat-exchanger 4；Water as refrigerant weak solution enters the first board-like interior coupling Close the generation vapour-liquid mixed state of phase-change heat-exchanger 2 and be separated into liquid and vapor capacity into the first flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank 3, liquid phase is as dense Contracting solution, and vapour phase enters the board-like interior coupling He of phase-change heat-exchanger 4 in the second level for secondary saturated vapor as the thermal source of next stage Second flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank 5；Second board-like interior coupling phase-change heat-exchanger 4 hot side entrance is the indirect steam of the generation of upper level (cryogen water vapour) is condensed into water as refrigerant after being exchanged heat with cold side water as refrigerant and gone out from the second board-like interior phase-change heat-exchanger 4 that couples, via U Pipe enters evaporator；Another (cold) side of second board-like interior coupling phase-change heat-exchanger 4 is from the cold of four road solution heat exchangers 10 Agent water enters the second flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank 5 in device with the water as refrigerant steam heat-exchanging generation vapour-liquid mixed state of hot side, and second dodges The liquid phase that vapor liquid knockout drum 5 separates is steamed from defeated return in bottom for concentrated solution into four road solution heat exchangers 10, vapour phase for water as refrigerant Vapour goes out from top, into next stage three-plate type in couple phase-change heat-exchanger 6 hot side as thermal source；Coupling phase in three-plate type Become the hot side cryogen water vapour of heat exchanger 6 and couple phase inversion from three-plate type with being mutually changed into water as refrigerant after the condensate heat exchange of cold side The bottom of hot device 6 goes out, and enters cryogen water evaporimeter 21 by U-tube；Following for the cold side of phase-change heat-exchanger 6 is coupled in three-plate type Ring vaporizes after condensing in absorption hot side energy into the 3rd flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank 7, removes the saturation of the relatively low potential energy of drop formation Steam (is referred to as regeneration steam)；The regeneration steam that 3rd flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank 7 comes out enters mechanical vapor-compression pump 11, through machine Tool both vapor compression pump 11 closes the regeneration steam that heat supercharging heating generates high one-level potential energy, and the regeneration steam is exactly to enter steam to mix The main heat source of the board-like interior coupling phase-change heat-exchanger 2 of tank 1, first.Four road solution heat exchangers 10 receive from the first flash distillation vapour-liquid point From the water as refrigerant for the higher temperature concentrated solution one part heat energy and opposite side lower temperature that tank 3, second flashes vapor-liquid separation tank 5 Weak solution heat exchange is to improve the temperature of water as refrigerant weak solution, and the heat energy of another part then heats the cold domestic water of opposite side. Existing four road solution heat exchanger 10 has the disengaging of life water respectively, there is water as refrigerant weak solution one-in-and-two-out, and concentrated solution disengaging, dense molten Also therefore be cooled to design temperature via four road solution heat exchangers 10 enters low-pressure absorber 22 to liquid.
Water as refrigerant enters cryogen water evaporimeter 21, and the absolute pressure of cryogen water evaporimeter 21 only has 0.00087Pa, and water as refrigerant is herein Vaporized under low-pressure state with 5 DEG C or so temperature, meet needs during evaporation conditions while absorb the energy of refrigerant circulation water moderate, Thus chilled water also therefore be down to close to vapourizing temperature by temperature.Refrigerant vapour in low-pressure absorber 22, which enters, has identical vacuum The low-pressure absorber 22 of degree, the lithium-bromide solution of the higher concentration in low-pressure absorber 22 have the energy of strong absorption vapor Power, concentrated solution, which has fully absorbed, to be diluted to water as refrigerant after cold air steam and is pumped out by cryogen water-circulating pump into life water entrance 14, in order to meet and promote absorption efficiency, low-pressure absorber 22 is also equipped with water as refrigerant Sprayer Circulation pump, and low-pressure absorber 22 is also matched somebody with somebody Cryogen water-circulating pump is equipped with, to ensure the evaporation effect of water as refrigerant.Water as refrigerant will be sucked while low-pressure absorber 22 is run The heat of transformation of steam, therefore absorber is furnished with shell and tube cooler, outside cooling water takes away water as refrigerant steam condensation by cooler Heat cools solution.
The present invention technique distance remain traditional evaporation type absorption refrigeration unit low pressure tub evaporator and Absorber device, retain the relevant configuration of former technical process, such as：It is refrigerant pump, water as refrigerant spray pump, cryogen water-circulating pump, true Original configuration of empty incoagulable gas exhaust system and correlation.Such design route is advantageous to existing Absorption Refrigerator The upgrading of group；Be advantageous to the understanding of this professional or similar professional and technical personnel, be easy to the popularization and popularization of the present invention.

Claims (6)

  1. A kind of 1. refrigerating method of multistage plate evaporation absorption type refrigerating unit, it is characterised in that：
    Multistage plate evaporation absorption type refrigerating unit includes：
    Cryogen water evaporimeter, including import,
    Absorber, including export and import,
    Characterized by further comprising following equipment：
    Four road solution heat exchangers, including two cold side paths：First and second cold side paths, and a hot side path, first The import of cold side path and the outlet of absorber are connected by pipeline, and the outlet of hot side path and the import of absorber pass through pipeline Connection, the second cold path of surveying are connected with living water pipeline, and the outlet of the first cold side path is two：The first of first cold side path Outlet and the second outlet of the first cold side path, steam blending tank, there is raw steam inlet, regeneration steam import, and outlet, Raw steam inlet is connected with raw jet chimney；
    First phase-change heat-exchanger, its hot side import are connected by pipeline and the outlet of steam blending tank, cold side import and four road solution The first outlet of first cold side path of heat exchanger is connected by pipeline,
    4th plate type heat exchanger, hot side import are connected with the hot side outlet of the first phase-change heat-exchanger by pipeline, cold side import with Living water pipeline connects,
    First flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank, there is import, top gas phase outlet and bottom liquid phases outlet, its import and the first phase inversion The cold side outlet port of hot device is connected by pipeline,
    Second phase-change heat-exchanger, its hot side import are connected by pipeline with the gaseous phase outlet of the first flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank, and its is cold Side-entrance is connected by pipeline with the first cold second outlet for surveying path of four road solution heat exchangers,
    Second flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank, there is import, top gas phase outlet and bottom liquid phases outlet, its import and the second phase inversion The cold side outlet port of hot device is connected by pipeline；Its liquid-phase outlet is merged with the first flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank outlet by pipeline to be followed by Enter the hot side import connection of four road solution heat exchangers,
    Third phase becomes heat exchanger, and its hot side import is connected with the gaseous phase outlet of the second flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank by pipeline, and its is cold Side-entrance is connected by pipeline with the hot side outlet of the 4th plate type heat exchanger by pipeline, its hot side outlet and the second phase-change heat-exchange The hot side outlet of device is connected after being merged by pipeline with the import of cryogen water evaporimeter by pipeline,
    Condensate fluid level controller, there is outlet, import and discharge outlet, it is exported by pipeline and the 4th plate type heat exchanger and the The pipeline connected between three phase-change heat-exchangers communicates；
    3rd flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank, has import, and top gas phase outlet and bottom liquid phases outlet, its import convert with third phase The cold side outlet port of hot device is connected by pipeline, and liquid-phase outlet is connected with the import of condensate fluid level controller by pipeline；
    Mechanical vapor-compression pump, its import are connected with the gaseous phase outlet of the 3rd flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank by pipeline, and it exports logical Piping is connected with the regeneration steam import of steam blending tank by pipeline；
    Weak solution from absorber, which enters after the heat exchange of four road solution heat exchangers and concentrate, respectively enters described first and the Two phase-change heat-exchangers：
    A part of weak solution from absorber is exchanged heat into the first phase-change heat-exchanger, and the water as refrigerant after heat exchange enters first Flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank is separated into the cryogen water vapour of gas phase and the concentrate of liquid phase,
    Another weak solution from absorber enters the second phase-change heat-exchanger and the cryogen from the first flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank Water vapour is exchanged heat, and the weak solution after heat exchange enters the cryogen water vapour and liquid that the second flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank is separated into gas phase The concentrate of phase,
    Another way cold water and water as refrigerant from tourie are absorbed from the first and second flash distillations by four road solution heat exchangers The waste heat of the cryogen concentrated liquid of vapor-liquid separation tank produces hot water.
  2. A kind of 2. refrigerating method of multistage plate evaporation absorption type refrigerating unit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that The mixture of steam to be exchanged heat in first phase-change heat-exchanger enters third phase and becomes heat exchanger absorption from the second flash distillation vapor-liquid separation After the water as refrigerant steam phase heating of tank, into the 3rd flash distillation vapor-liquid separation tank, the mixture of steam of gas phase enters mechanical vapour pressure Contracting pump generates regeneration steam, is mixed with raw steam in steam blending tank, produces mixture of steam and enters the first phase inversion Exchanged heat in hot device with described weak solution.
  3. A kind of 3. refrigerating method of multistage plate evaporation absorption type refrigerating unit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that warp The water as refrigerant steam condensate crossed after second and third phase change heat exchanger heat exchange enters absorber, and by refrigerant water cooling.
  4. A kind of 4. refrigerating method of multistage plate evaporation absorption type refrigerating unit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that institute The mechanical vapor-compression pump stated has the water supply tank for automatically determining saturation degree.
  5. A kind of 5. refrigerating method of multistage plate evaporation absorption type refrigerating unit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that institute First, second, third phase-change heat-exchanger stated is plate type heat exchanger or shell-and-tube heat exchanger.
  6. A kind of 6. refrigerating method of multistage plate evaporation absorption type refrigerating unit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that institute The mechanical vapor-compression pump stated is the combination of single-stage or multistage blower fan and compression pump, and its structure type is roots-type, centrifugal, past Compound or screw.
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PCT/CN2016/091993 WO2017020767A1 (en) 2015-07-31 2016-07-28 Multi-stage plate-type evaporation absorption cooling device and method
US15/735,363 US20180172320A1 (en) 2015-07-31 2016-07-28 Multi-stage plate-type evaporation absorption cooling device and method
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