CN104957058B - Chinese apus Ecology cultural method - Google Patents
Chinese apus Ecology cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104957058B CN104957058B CN201510321819.2A CN201510321819A CN104957058B CN 104957058 B CN104957058 B CN 104957058B CN 201510321819 A CN201510321819 A CN 201510321819A CN 104957058 B CN104957058 B CN 104957058B
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- water
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- apus
- ovum
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of Chinese apus Ecology cultural method, comprise the following steps：The hatching of ovum and the cultivation of larva, the cultivation of adult, spawning and its collection, daily management.This method is that Chinese apus sets up a miniature biochemical analyzer using water plant and with beneficial microorganism canebreak, food can be provided for it self can purify water again, and by feeding special buoyancy bait, keep water temperature constant and 24 hours are oxygenated, ovum is collected using case is bred, annual cultivation in China apus room can be achieved.The adult individual of this method cultivation is healthy and strong; resistance against diseases is strong; female insect can averagely lay eggs 400 500 pieces; incubation rate is 89%, and larva survival rate is 92%, and cultural method is simple; aquaculture cost is low; it can be used to artificially expand the population quantity of Chinese apus, have great importance for this protection, research, development and utilization for treasuring species, with higher economic benefit and ecological benefits.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to microcrustacean culture research field, more particularly to Chinese apus Ecology cultural method.
Background technology
Chinese apus（Triops sinensis）Alias three fears lobster, is ancient large-scale Branchiopoda crustacean, is subordinate to
Belong to apus section（Triopsidae）, apus category（Triops）, it is Chinese endemic species, form is not sent out so far before 3.2 hundred million years
Raw much changes, so being referred to as living fossil.Chinese apus inhabits good water quality, intermittent puddle, pond and rice field etc.
Waters, is grazing eclipse, mainly using small-sized aquatile as food.Body is divided into head, three parts of trunk and tail, and the head back side raw
A pair of compound eyes, the outside of belly has the mouthpart of cephalic appendage formation, and female trunk has 36 body segments, and male has 39 body segments, periproct bifurcated.
There is following purposes at present：Chinese apus is larger from nauplius to adult metamorphosis, is the preferable material of biological evolution research
Material；Can be ingested weeds in paddy field and control mosquito breeding；It is nutritious to can be used as animal fodder；Living environment needs
Water quality is good, is a kind of important water quality indicator kind；, can quilt due to form, life style and ancient property with uniqueness
Developed as a kind of pet, wide market.
At present, with the continuous aggravation of environmental pollution, Chinese apus living environment is by different degrees of destruction, its population
Quantity is reduced year by year, this treasure species urgently protect, development and utilization, yet there are no Chinese apus and propagate artificially into
The report of work(.
The content of the invention
A kind of Chinese apus Ecology cultural method, comprises the following steps：
（1）The hatching of ovum and larva cultivation：Pure water is added in the container of hatching to the high 5-7cm of water level, is added aquatic
20 grams/m of plant duckweed, 30-40 grams/m of canebreak, keep water level constant, ovum 1500-2000 are put into after 10 days
Piece/square metre, larva was hatched after 3 days, added 50-70/milliliter of chlorella, gradually adding pure water makes water level be increased to 10-
12cm, the special buoyancy bait for feeding crushing daily 3-5 times；
（2）The cultivation of adult：Pure water is added in box for breeding makes water level reach 15-20cm, is put into long 30-40cm waterweeds
50 pieces/square metre, canebreak and each 50 grams/m of duckweed, 70-100/milliliter of chlorella, handle grows to 0.5- after 10 days
1.0cm larva is transferred in box for breeding, cultivation density be 500-600 only/square metre, feed bait 3 times a day, water earthworm and
Special buoyancy bait is used alternatingly, and suctions out the sediment of bottom in time；
（3）Spawning and its collection：When the crust of female insect and tail junction grow oopod, box for breeding bottom is put into
Dividing plate, the filter opening for making dividing plate have aperture to be 0.3cm on bottom 6cm, dividing plate, baffle central has an aperture 3cm's to take micropyle,
The Bubbled stone of oxygenation is put into and taken above micropyle, the ovum of female adult production drains to box for breeding bottom by filter opening, is passed through for every 3 days 1 time
Take micropyle to suction out in the sediment in breeding bottom portion, the basin that the sediment of sucking-off is poured into diameter 20-30cm, fill it up with originally
Water, stands 10 seconds, pours out most of water, ovum sinks soon than other sediments, and other sediments are poured out, after repeating 5-6 times
Ovum is rinsed totally, is put into shady place and is dried, and larvae is can be used for after two weeks；
（4）Daily management：Keep the illumination of 6-8 hours daily, intensity of illumination is 50-100lux, 28 ± 1 DEG C of water temperature, from
Larva hatches beginning oxygen pump and is oxygenated for daily 24 hours, keeps room ventilation good, the bait fed every time was eaten with 20 minutes
It is advisable, stops feeding live bait during spawning, during the cultivation and spawning of adult, is changed with the running water that dried for every 5 days 1 time
Fall a quarter cultivation water；
（5）Foregoing Chinese apus Ecology cultural method, wherein described canebreak is with the cultivation water logging changed
Steep coconut palm soil 20-30 minutes, then dry and be prepared from；
（6）Foregoing Chinese apus Ecology cultural method, wherein its formula of described special buoyancy bait is：Animal Liver
Dirty 30%, fish meal 30%, wheat bran 9%, corn flour 10%, analysis for soybean powder 20%, yeast 1%.
Beneficial effect
The Chinese apus natural growing environment of present invention simulation, using water plant and with beneficial microorganism canebreak
Set up a miniature biochemical analyzer for it, food source can be provided for it can purify water again, at the same by control water temperature and
Illumination, can be achieved annual cultivation in China apus room, and adult can averagely lay eggs 400-500 pieces, and incubation rate is 89%, and larva survives
Rate is 92%, and method is simple, and aquaculture cost is low, can be used to artificially expand the population quantity of Chinese apus, species are treasured for this
Protection, research, development and utilization have great importance, with higher economic benefit and ecological benefits.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is Chinese apus box for breeding structure chart
In Fig. 1：1. casing；2. dividing plate；3. filter bores：Aperture 0.3cm；4. Bubbled stone；5. take micropyle：Aperture 3cm；6 put
Water valve；7. flexible pipe
Embodiment
With reference to Chinese apus box for breeding accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
（1）The hatching of ovum and larva cultivation：Pure water is added in the container of hatching to the high 5-7cm of water level, is added aquatic
20 grams/m of plant duckweed, 30-40 grams/m of canebreak, canebreak are soaked with the cultivation water changed when changing water
Coconut palm soil 20-30 minutes, then dries and is prepared from, when carrying out Chinese apus cultivation first, the Chinese apus cultivation of immersion coconut palm soil
Water can be replaced with the cultivation water of well-grown fancy fishes.Then keep water level constant, ovum 1500-2000 is put into after 10 days
Piece/square metre, larva was hatched after 3 days, added 50-70/milliliter of chlorella, gradually adding pure water makes water level be increased to 10-
12cm, the special buoyancy bait for feeding crushing daily 3-5 times；
（2）The cultivation of adult：The height of box for breeding cannot be below 30cm, depending on length and width is according to place is put, material
Matter can be glass or lucite.Pure water is added in box for breeding makes water level reach 15-20cm, is put into long 30-40cm water and accumulates
Careless 50 pieces/square metre, canebreak and each 50 grams/m of duckweed, 70-100/milliliter of chlorella, handle is grown to after 10 days
0.5-1.0cm larva is transferred in box for breeding, and cultivation density is 500-600/square metres, and bait, water earthworm are fed 3 times a day
Earthworm and special buoyancy bait are used alternatingly, and suction out the sediment of bottom in time；
（3）Spawning and its collection：When the crust of female insect and tail junction grow oopod, box for breeding bottom is put into
Dividing plate, material is lucite, the filter opening for making dividing plate have aperture to be 0.3cm on bottom 6cm, dividing plate, and the ovum of female adult production leads to
Filter bores drain to box for breeding bottom, effectively can prevent adult from ovum is eaten up；Other baffle central has an aperture 3cm's to take micropyle,
The Bubbled stone of oxygenation is put into and taken above micropyle, takes micropyle to be occluded, adult can be prevented by taking micropyle to enter breeding bottom
Portion.During oxygen pump work, the air draught of compression flows through Bubbled stone by flexible pipe and substantial amounts of rising bubble is produced in water, due to
Gas lift and current circulating from bottom to top, sediment can gather taking near micropyle below Bubbled stone, after spawning
The every 3 days 1 time sediment by taking micropyle sucking-off breeding bottom portion, the sediment of sucking-off is poured into diameter 20-30cm basin
It is interior, fill it up with running water, stand 10 seconds, pour out most of water, ovum sinks soon than other sediments, other sediments will be by
Pour out, ovum is rinsed totally after repeating 5-6 times, and ovum diameter about 1mm puts it to shady place and dried, can be used for hatching after two weeks
Larva；
（4）Daily management：Keep the illumination of 6-8 hours daily, intensity of illumination is 50-100lux, 28 ± 1 DEG C of water temperature, from
Larva hatches beginning oxygen pump and is oxygenated for daily 24 hours, keeps room ventilation good, the bait fed every time was eaten with 20 minutes
It is advisable, stops feeding live bait during spawning, prevent ovum from being swallowed by live bait, during the cultivation and spawning of adult, every 5 days 1 time logical
The discharging valve for crossing bottom half releases a quarter cultivation water, adds the running water dried of equivalent；
（5）The feeding habits of Chinese apus are very miscellaneous, in natural habitat, and the food of larval stage is bacterium, organic humus is broken
The small-sized planktonic organism such as bits and water flea, adult stage more preference animal fodder, such as fairy maiden shrimp, water flea, wriggler etc..In
The feeding habits feature of magnificent apus, makes special buoyancy bait, and its formula is：Animal's liver 30%, fish meal 30%, wheat bran 9%, corn flour
10%, analysis for soybean powder 20%, yeast 1% is processed into expanded pellet diet by formula, with preferable floatability, and convenient China apus ingests,
Simultaneously during Adult worms producting eggs, bait can be avoided, which to sink to below dividing plate, makes adult not ingest, so that the phenomenon hair of polluted water
It is raw.
Following item is noted also in breeding process
1. cultivation whole utensils used, with 0.3% disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate 30 minutes, are then rushed using preceding with clear water
Wash clean is standby；
2. the canebreak used in breeding process is replaced with coconut palm soil, coconut palm soil is to be crushed to form by cocoanut shell, main component
It is lignocellulosic, soaks coconut palm soil with the water of Chinese apus was cultivated and be in order that coconut palm soil can carry beneficial microbe, both may be used
Food is provided for the larva that has just hatched, suitable microbial environment can be provided again.The canebreak taken out in breeding process can be weighed
Use again；
3. breeding water requirement is without any pollution, especially in egg hatching phase, preferably pure water, or by boiling
Running water, the enhancing of adult adaptability can be replaced in pure water, adult breeding process often with the running water of more than 3 days is dried
Secondary quantity of exchanged water does not exceed a quarter of raw water amount, and water temperature is identical；
4. the duckweed added in breeding process, chlorella and waterweed annual at normal temperatures can grow, it can purify water, be
Chinese apus provides food, and duckweed and water accumulate or it provides sanctuary, can also be preferable with palatability if summer
Other water plants such as hornwort, frogbit, water caltrop replace duckweed and waterweed.Due to taking food for Chinese apus, water plant subtracts
It should be added in time when few；
5. it is sufficient to feed bait, prevent Chinese apus from being cut one another's throat because hungry, special buoyancy bait and water earthworm living
The live baits such as earthworm, worm for fishing, which are alternately fed, can make nutrition more comprehensively, and live bait can effectively improve its resistance against diseases, and eating surplus bait needs in time
Remove, in order to avoid polluted water；
The habit 6. Chinese apus cuts one another's throat, small or being easiest to by hunting of just casting off a skin, so cultivation density is not
It is preferably excessive.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those within the art that：It still may be used
To be modified to the technical scheme described in previous embodiment, or equivalent substitution is carried out to which part technical characteristic；And
These modifications are replaced, and the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from the spirit and model of technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention
Enclose.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of Chinese apus Ecology cultural method, it is characterised in that methods described comprises the following steps：
(1) hatching of ovum and larva cultivation：Pure water is added in the container of hatching to the high 5-7cm of water level, water plant is added
20 grams/m of duckweed, 30-40 grams/m of canebreak, keep water level it is constant, be put into after 10 days 1500-2000 pieces of ovum/
Square metre, larva was hatched after 3 days, added 50-70/milliliter of chlorella, gradually adding pure water makes water level be increased to 10-
12cm, the special buoyancy bait for feeding crushing daily 3-5 times；
(2) cultivation of adult：Pure water is added in box for breeding makes water level reach 15-20cm, is put into long 30-40cm waterweeds 50
Root/square metre, canebreak and each 50 grams/m of duckweed, 70-100/milliliter of chlorella, growing to 0.5- after 10 days
1.0cm larva is transferred in box for breeding, cultivation density be 500-600 only/square metre, feed bait 3 times a day, water earthworm and
Special buoyancy bait is used alternatingly, and suctions out the sediment of bottom in time；
(3) lay eggs and its collect：When the crust of female insect and tail junction grow oopod, box for breeding bottom be put into every
Plate, the filter opening for making dividing plate have aperture to be 0.3cm on bottom 6cm, dividing plate, baffle central has an aperture 3cm's to take micropyle,
The Bubbled stone of oxygenation, which is put into, to be taken above micropyle, and the ovum of female adult production drains to box for breeding bottom by filter opening, and every 3 days 1 time by taking
Micropyle is suctioned out in the sediment of box for breeding bottom, the basin that the sediment of sucking-off is poured into diameter 20-30cm, fills it up with running water,
10 seconds are stood, most of water is poured out, ovum sinks soon than other sediments, and other sediments are poured out, ovum quilt after repeating 5-6 times
Rinse well, be put into shady place and dry, larvae is used for after two weeks；
(4) daily management：The illumination of holding 6-8 hours daily, intensity of illumination is 50-100lux, 28 ± 1 DEG C of water temperature, from larva
Hatch beginning oxygen pump to be oxygenated for daily 24 hours, keep room ventilation good, the bait fed every time has been eaten with 20 minutes and has been advisable,
Stop feeding live bait during spawning, during the cultivation and spawning of adult, replace four with the running water dried every 5 days 1 time
/ mono- cultivation water；
Described canebreak is to soak coconut palm soil 20-30 minutes with the cultivation water changed, and then dries and is prepared from；
Its formula of described special buoyancy bait is：Animal's liver 30%, fish meal 30%, wheat bran 9%, corn flour 10%, soya bean
Powder 20%, yeast 1%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510321819.2A CN104957058B (en) | 2015-06-12 | 2015-06-12 | Chinese apus Ecology cultural method |
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| CN201510321819.2A CN104957058B (en) | 2015-06-12 | 2015-06-12 | Chinese apus Ecology cultural method |
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| CN104957058A CN104957058A (en) | 2015-10-07 |
| CN104957058B true CN104957058B (en) | 2017-07-25 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105230573B (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2017-10-27 | 华东师范大学 | A kind of indoor culture method of mussel-shrimp |
| CN105341536B (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2019-03-15 | 临沂大学 | A kind of gruel shape semi-humid Tachypleus tridentatus mixed feed and preparation method |
| CN105494222B (en) * | 2015-12-26 | 2018-02-13 | 重庆井然农业发展有限公司 | Bionical cultivating system |
| CN105639202A (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2016-06-08 | 武汉华牧科技股份有限公司 | Floating particle fish fertilizer for aquatic products |
| CN108925511B (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2023-10-24 | 北部湾大学 | Bionic cultivation device for horseshoe crab larvae |
| CN111567448A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-08-25 | 广西蓝桂水产科技有限公司 | Method for artificial cultivation of Tachypleus tridentatus |
| CN115067270A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-09-20 | 集美大学 | A breeding device for chinese horseshoe crab larva |
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| CN102487851A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-06-13 | 浙江海洋学院 | Keep-alive incubation barrel of fish demersal eggs |
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Inventor after: Wen Simin Inventor before: Zhang Guiling Inventor before: Wen Simin |
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