CN104941797B - A kind of mineral dressing method - Google Patents
A kind of mineral dressing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104941797B CN104941797B CN201510282257.5A CN201510282257A CN104941797B CN 104941797 B CN104941797 B CN 104941797B CN 201510282257 A CN201510282257 A CN 201510282257A CN 104941797 B CN104941797 B CN 104941797B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of mineral dressing method, comprising: mineral aggregate and water are supplied in the inner chamber of primary selection tube of lateral arrangement, the center axis lateral arrangement of this primary selection tube; Drive described primary selection tube to rotate, the inner chamber of cylinder of selecting materials is applied magnetic field simultaneously; By sorter, ore pulp is accurately sorted; By the effect in magnetic field and sorter, make the selected mineral in ore pulp along with barrel rising with due in the process of the whereabouts of gravity, form magnetic group and/or magnetic linkage, after accumulating enough big magnetic group and/or magnetic linkage, it is attached to and upwards moves on primary selection tube inwall and along with the rotation of primary selection tube always, arrive the feeding zone being positioned at top in described inner chamber; Other material except selected mineral in ore pulp enters tail hopper at described intracavity bottom.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the screening of mineral, more specifically, it relates to a kind of for the dressing method of mineral aggregate or mine tailing.
Background technology
Mineral resources are the important support of the national economic development, are also one of human society existence, the key element that can not lack of development. Along with abundant ore source is increasingly exhausted, the poor thin assorted feature increasingly significant of ore mineral so that dressing method technology seems particularly important in the exploitation process of Mineral resources. In Mineral resources, the useful component content of most ore is low, mineral composition is complicated, it is necessary to just can be isolated through ore dressing process, it is to increase valuable mineral component content, to arrive the requirement of next step smelting and processing technology. When abundant ore source reduces gradually, existing technique of preparing and means exist wastes serious problem for Mineral resources.
The ore dressing industry of current China, only carry out screening for a kind of mineral that content is relatively high to purify, the relatively low mineral of other content are all lost as the discharge of tailing waste thing, all kinds of metalliferous minerals contained in mine tailing are done the operation again purified by nobody or enterprise, cause in a large number available, have loss, the waste of the metalliferous mineral of valency, a large amount of tailings piles is released and surrounding enviroment is polluted.
At present, in tailings glass, there is no the regulation of effective resource and resource reclaim means yet. Mine tailing, in general, refer to that dressing-works is when specific economic technology, grinds ore, the waste discharged after separation useful component is also exactly ore remaining solid fertilizer after sorting out concentrate. Mine tailing is the main integral part of industrial solid wastes, wherein contains useful metal, the non-metallic minerals of some amount. Can be considered as a kind of meet silicate, the mineral material such as carbonate, and have fine size, quantity big, pollute and the feature of harm environment. The mine tailing of China is stored in tailing dam mainly with natural packing method, not only to be occupied a large amount of soils, pollute the environment of mining area and surrounding area, form potential safety hazard, also cause a large amount of valuable metal and nonmetal resource loss simultaneously, become the serious restraining factors of mine development. Therefore, it is badly in need of a kind of effective technology and mine tailing resource is fully utilized and reduces discharging, make it to turn waste into wealth, turn harm into good, thus improve the ecological environment, it is to increase resource utilization, promote mining industry Sustainable development.
Existing processing method cannot realize carrying out again effectively again extracting to valuable resource various in mine tailing, cause in a large number useful, have the metalliferous material of valency to be discharged in tailings with non-metallic material, cause energy consumption big, the useful metal rate of recovery is low, recovery grade is low, cause a large amount of metal waste and to the secondary pollution of surrounding enviroment.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem, it is badly in need of a kind of method that can improve beneficiating efficiency and deal carefully with mine tailing. Contriver is by scientific experiment for many years and research, it is proposed that the mineral dressing method of a kind of novelty, it is possible to improves beneficiating efficiency, deals carefully with existing mine tailing.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of mineral dressing method, the method comprises the steps: to supply by the mineral aggregate of particulate state and water in the inner chamber of primary selection tube of lateral arrangement, the ore pulp that mineral aggregate and water are mixed to form moves to outlet from entrance in described inner chamber, the center axis lateral arrangement of this primary selection tube; Driving described primary selection tube to rotate around its center axis, simultaneously the inner chamber of described primary selection tube is applied magnetic field by circumferential direction around described primary selection tube; By being arranged on the elongated bar-shaped sorter of primary selection tube inner chamber near the predetermined distance place of barrel, ore pulp is accurately sorted; By the effect in described magnetic field and described sorter, make the selected mineral in ore pulp along with barrel rising with due in the process of the whereabouts of gravity, it is subject to the effect in magnetic field, by repeatedly stirring and be combined with each other in whipping process, form magnetic group and/or magnetic linkage, after accumulating enough big magnetic group and/or magnetic linkage, it is attached to and upwards moves on primary selection tube inwall and along with the rotation of primary selection tube always, arrive the feeding zone being positioned at top in described inner chamber; Other material except selected mineral in ore pulp enters tail hopper at described intracavity bottom, doffer is utilized to make described selected mineral leave the barrel of described primary selection tube, fall to material receiving apparatus, then leaving primary selection tube via the first outlet, the particle diameter of mineral aggregate wherein entering described primary selection tube is within the scope of about 60 to 120 objects.
Preferably, described method also comprises and being ground by the selected mineral leaving described primary selection tube, it may be preferred that the granularity of the mineral aggregate after abrasive material is within the scope of 80 to 150 objects.
Preferably, described method is also included in after being ground by selected mineral, supplied selected cylinder carries out selected, in refining process, mineral aggregate and water are supplied in preparator, the ore pulp that mineral aggregate and water are mixed to form moves to outlet from entrance in the inside of the selected cylinder of preparator, the approximate horizontal layout of center axis of the selected cylinder of wherein said preparator; While described ore pulp flows, described selected cylinder is driven to rotate around its center axis; By the field generator for magnetic arranged along the circumference of selected cylinder, ore pulp is applied magnetic field, the selected mineral grain in ore pulp is made to attach on the inwall of selected cylinder, by applying magnetic field, selected mineral in the ore pulp made repeatedly are being stirred in the inner process rising and fall of selected cylinder under the effect in magnetic field, and it be combined with each other in whipping process, form magnetic group and/or magnetic linkage; By being arranged on the elongated bar-shaped sorter of selected tube inner chamber near the predetermined distance place of barrel, ore pulp is accurately sorted; By the effect in described magnetic field and described sorter, make the selected mineral in ore pulp along with barrel rising with due in the process of the whereabouts of gravity, it is subject to the effect in magnetic field, by repeatedly stirring and be combined with each other in whipping process, form magnetic group and/or magnetic linkage, after accumulating enough big magnetic group and/or magnetic linkage, it is attached on selected cylinder inwall and upwards moves along with the rotation of selected cylinder always, arrive the feeding zone being positioned at above selected tube inner chamber; Connect hopper in feeding zone by what blanking mechanism made that selected mineral grain falls to preparator, and leave preparator via the 2nd outlet; Other material except selected mineral in ore pulp enters the tail hopper of preparator bottom selected tube inner chamber, enters tail material delivery system.
Wherein in above-mentioned refining process, the magneticstrength applied in selected cylinder is less than the magneticstrength in primary selection tube, preferably, the magneticstrength of the circumference of described primary selection tube is between about 3000Gs to 6000Gs, magneticstrength in described preparator is between 0 to 2000Gs, preferably, in preparator, pulp density is in the scope of 30% to 40%, and the pulp density entering tail hopper is in the scope of 10% to 60%.
Preferably, by the selected mineral aggregate after selected, for entering, water extracter carries out being separated of mineral and water.
Further preferably, described method is also included in before grinding, and is concentrated by ore pulp, in the process concentrated by ore pulp, the impurity that proportion is lighter than effective mineralogical composition is abandoned together with water, increases the content of mineralogical composition in primary election ore pulp further.
Described method be also included in mineral aggregate is carried out selected before, mineral aggregate is carried out fineness sorting, the mineral aggregate not meeting fineness requirement is recycled to the grinding of material grinder resume, the mineral aggregate meeting fineness requirement is sent to preparator, mineral aggregate granularity be coarser than 80 object particles will be blocked and be back to shredder resume grinding, it may be preferred that granularity order number is lower than 90 orders, more preferably the mineral aggregate lower than 120 is sorted out, return the grinding of abrasive material resume.
In one embodiment according to the present invention, described mineral aggregate is magnetite, the feeding speed entering the mineral aggregate in primary selection tube is about 10-20 ton per hour, and the granularity entering the mineral aggregate particle in preparator is preferably within the scope of 80 to 200 objects, it is more preferable to ground is within the scope of 80-120 object.
Preferably, according to the method for the present invention also comprise by from pulp thickener water and waste material, be all transported in dry row's machine from the waste material of primary selection tube and selected cylinder and dewater.
Preferably, in the method according to the invention, the action of a magnetic field area in primary selection tube and selected cylinder is greater than 6 square metres.
Preferably, in the method according to the invention, the rotating speed of primary selection tube and selected cylinder is at 5-20 rev/min, it is preferable that at 8 to 15 revs/min.
Utilize the method according to the present invention, it is possible to from all kinds of ore abandoned in a large number or mine tailing, efficiently sort out the mineral aggregate of economic worth.
Energy consumption of the present invention is low, metal recovery rate height, and metal recovery is of high grade, realizes the separate discharge of logistics and water simultaneously, fundamentally solves the problem of environmental pollution.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme of present disclosure, the embodiment of the application is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows the indicative flowchart of the mineral dressing method according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 shows the indicative flowchart of mineral dressing method according to another implementation of the invention;
Fig. 3 illustrates the indicative flowchart of mineral dressing method according to another implementation of the invention;
Fig. 4 shows in the mineral dressing method according to an embodiment of the invention the schematic diagram of the selected cylinder used.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described. Embodiment described in this disclosure is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments. Based on embodiments of the invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making other embodiments all obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to protection scope of the present invention. Protection scope of the present invention is not by the restriction of hereafter described embodiment.
In disclosure hereafter, it will be appreciated that shown enforcement mode and example are only exemplary. Unless there is special explanation herein, the definition that the term that the various and element mentioned in present disclosure, parts, equipment, technique are relevant and wording and those of ordinary skill in the art generally understand and implication are consistent. It should be noted that, the shape design of the various equipment shown in accompanying drawing, device, pipeline, element and assembly etc. and position are only schematic, should be appreciated that, each element shown in figure can take different forms and form in practice according to field condition, and this does not deviate spirit and the purport of the present invention.
An aspect according to present disclosure, it is proposed that a kind of mineral dressing method, the method may be used for raw ore and sorts the screening again with mine tailing.
In this dressing method, mainly comprise the operations such as primary election, grinding, selected and dehydration, as shown in Figure 1.
It should be appreciated that technology and step involved in present disclosure is possible not only to for the ore dressing such as magnetic iron ore, rhombohedral iron ore, it is also possible to for the ore dressing of manganese ore, non-ferrous metal and rare metal etc. The ore of the dressing method in present disclosure can be utilized to include but not limited to: magnetite, rhombohedral iron ore, arteries and veins tungsten ore, sand tin ore, beach placer, pyrrhotite, ilmenite, wolframite, tantalite, niobite, monazite and sipylite etc.
In enforcement mode hereafter, referring to figs. 1 through Fig. 3, by for magnetite, the dressing method according to the present invention is specifically described. Magnetic iron ore is metamorphosed sedimentary type magnetic iron ore mainly, and the iron in ore mineral overwhelming majority is magnetite, and based on fine-grained disseminated grain, gangue mineral is mainly the silicate minerals such as quartz or hornblende. Ferric metasilicate is contained more in some situation.
In dressing method according to the present embodiment, first ore is carried out primary election. Before entering primary election machine, generally need ore is worn into particulate state. According in the ore dressing of present disclosure, as shown in Figure 1, the operations such as primary election, grinding, selected and dehydration are mainly comprised. In FIG, these steps are denoted as step 110,120,130 and 140.
[primary election]
In primary election 110 shown in FIG, mainly comprise the steps:
Supplying in primary election machine by the iron ore material of particulate state and water, described mineral aggregate and water form ore pulp, make ore pulp move to outlet from entrance in cylinder (being also the primary selection tube) inside of primary election machine simultaneously, and the center axis of this primary selection tube is arranged in the horizontal direction;
Primary selection tube is driven to rotate around its center axis, ore pulp is made upwards to move bottom cylinder along the inwall of described primary selection tube while advancing and fall due to the effect of gravity subsequently, primary selection tube continues to rotate, so that described ore pulp repeats above-mentioned rising and dropping process in cylinder;
By the magnetic field of the circle distribution along primary selection tube, the ore pulp in primary selection tube inner chamber is applied magnetic field, make selected mineral (the first mineral in described ore pulp, it is iron ore in the present embodiment) attach on the inwall of primary selection tube, simultaneously by ore pulp is applied magnetic field, selected mineral in the material made repeatedly are stirred under the influence of a magnetic field in the inner process rising and fall of cylinder, and it be combined with each other in whipping process, form magnetic group and/or magnetic linkage;
Having formed the first mineral of magnetic group and/or magnetic linkage, after being gathered into enough big magnetic group and/or magnetic linkage, the rotation being attached on primary selection tube inwall along with cylinder is upwards moved always, arrives the feeding zone above primary selection tube inner chamber;
Make described first mineral fall to first in feeding zone by blanking mechanism and connect hopper, and leave primary election machine via connecing hopper outlet;
The material except the first mineral in described ore pulp enters the 2nd via the 2nd outlet of described primary election machine and connects hopper, and connects hopper via the 2nd and leave primary election machine.
In above-mentioned steps, the particle diameter of the ore particle entering primary election machine can be selected according to practical situation. Such as, in one embodiment, the particle diameter of ore particle entering primary election machine is within the scope of about 60 to 120 objects. Mineral aggregate enters the speed of primary election machine and flow can need determine according to the process at scene.
Such as, in the present embodiment, for magnetite, the feeding speed entering the mineral aggregate in primary election machine can be about 10-20 ton per hour. The specifications design of primary election machine can improve throughput capacity as required, such as, can arrive 100 to 200 tons per hour.
In this operation, it is possible to send in primary election machine by feeding machine by mineral aggregate, together with mineral aggregate, water is delivered to primary election machine simultaneously, primary election machine is utilized to be screened by mineral aggregate.
In primary election machine, by mineral aggregate is applied toroidal magnetic field, make mineral aggregate stir in the cylinder of primary election machine and roll simultaneously, utilize the mineral aggregate containing magnetic mineral in mineral aggregate to form magnetic linkage and magnetic group, and along with the rotation of the cylinder of primary election machine arrives above cylinder, thus the mineral aggregate of magnetic is captured.
In order to obtain better ore dressing effect, it is possible to carry out selected to mineral aggregate further, improve the grade of ore deposit powder further. Before selected, it is possible to mineral aggregate is ground again. Make the composition of ores in mineral aggregate (such as iron ore) can better with magazins' layout.
[slurry concentrating]
Preferably, through primary election mineral aggregate before the grinding, it is possible to by primary election pulp conveying in pulp thickener. Primary election ore pulp is concentrated, reduces water content, increase pulp density, step 115 as shown in Figure 2.
In the process concentrated by ore pulp, it is possible to the impurity that proportion is lighter than effective mineralogical composition is abandoned together with water, increase the content of mineralogical composition in primary election ore pulp further.
Preferably, it is transported in dry row's machine from the water of pulp thickener or waste material and processes, after sloughing moisture, waste residue is discharged, is deposited into tailings stock ground;
Ore pulp is concentrated, it is possible to can arrange as required. When the ore pulp that primary election machine flows out meets concentration requirement, it is also possible to omit the operation of slurry concentrating.
[grinding step]
Owing to mineralogical composition is in the way of fine-grained disseminated grain in ore, in order to obtain better sorting result, before selected, it is necessary to mineral aggregate is ground again, step 120 as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3.
Difference according to field procedure, the pulp density carrying out grinding is also different with source. When not to slurry concentrating, slurry, for entering in shredder, is ground by ore pulp after being screened by primary election machine further. If the step being provided with slurry concentrating in dressing method, then by the ore pulp after concentrated for entering in shredder.
In the process of grinding, corresponding abrasive material can be added when necessary, the mineral aggregate in ore pulp is ground, make the particle that mineral aggregate becomes less, so that the magnetic material in ore pulp is separated further with non-magnetic material.
In one embodiment, ball mill is utilized to be ground by mineral aggregate. Preferably, the granularity of mineral aggregate after abrasive material is within the scope of 80 to 150 objects.
[fineness sorting]
Preferably, in one embodiment, such as the step 125 shown in Fig. 3, it is possible to arrange fineness sorter and the ore pulp after grinding is carried out fineness sorting. Pulp conveying after grinding is carried out fineness sorting to fineness sorter, the mineral aggregate not meeting fineness requirement is recycled to the grinding of material grinder resume, the mineral aggregate meeting fineness requirement is sent to preparator. Such as with the form of ore pulp, mineral aggregate is sent to preparator.
In the present embodiment, for magnetite, such as, particle can be coarser than 100 object mineral aggregate particle sortings out, then the conveying of excessively thick mineral aggregate be returned the grinding of shredder resume. Until mineral aggregate meets the requirements, just satisfactory mineral aggregate is delivered to subsequent processing.
For mineral aggregate, not meeting the mineral aggregate of fineness requirement, it is generally unrealized magnetic and the non magnetic material being separated yet, it is necessary to returning the grinding separation of material grinder resume, until meeting separation requirement. But concrete granularity needs to determine according to different mineralogical composition.
Such as, for magnetite, the granularity of primary election, at 60-120 order, needs to be greater than 80 orders in selected. In other words, according to the present embodiment fineness sort in, mineral aggregate granularity be coarser than 80 object particles will be blocked and be back to shredder resume grind, preferably, granularity order number is lower than 90 orders, it is more preferable to the mineral aggregate lower than 120 is sorted out by ground, returns the grinding of abrasive material resume.
[selected]
Mineral aggregate after grinding is carried out selected by preparator. Preferably, after mineral aggregate is carried out fineness sorting, then the mineral aggregate meeting granularity requirements is carried out selected, step 140 as shown in the drawings.
Selected to mineral aggregate can comprise the steps:
By mineral aggregate (being generally ore pulp form) herein with water for entering in preparator, the ore pulp that mineral aggregate and water are mixed to form moves to outlet from entrance in the inside of the selected cylinder of preparator, the approximate horizontal layout of center axis of the selected cylinder of wherein said preparator;
While described ore pulp flows, described selected cylinder is driven to rotate around its center axis, ore pulp is made upwards to move from cylinder bottom along the inwall of selected cylinder while advancing and fall due to the effect of gravity subsequently, described cylinder continues to rotate, make ore pulp repeat above-mentioned rising and dropping process in selected cylinder, do not stop to stir and rolling in selected tube inner chamber;
By the field generator for magnetic arranged along the circumference of selected cylinder, ore pulp is applied magnetic field so that the selected mineral grain in slurry attaches on the inwall of selected cylinder; Preferably, roughly perpendicular with described slurry working direction direction applies magnetic field;
By applying magnetic field, selected mineral (the first mineral in the ore pulp made, it is iron ore in the present embodiment) repeatedly stirred under the effect in magnetic field in the inner process rising and fall of selected cylinder, and be combined with each other in whipping process, form magnetic group and/or magnetic linkage;
Form the first mineral of magnetic group and/or magnetic linkage, after being gathered into enough big magnetic group and/or magnetic linkage, it has been attached to along with the rotation of selected cylinder is upwards moved always on selected cylinder inwall, arrives the feeding zone of top;
Make the first mineral fall to the first of preparator in feeding zone by blanking mechanism and connect hopper, and connect hopper via this and leave preparator;
Other material except selected mineral in ore pulp enters the tail hopper of preparator bottom selected tube inner chamber, enters tail material delivery system.
Preferably, in above-mentioned refining process, the magneticstrength that the magneticstrength applied in selected cylinder is less than in primary election machine.
[dehydration]
Mineral aggregate after selected enters water extracter and carries out being separated of mineral and water, step 140 as illustrated in the drawing. The fine powder material isolated can be delivered to fine powder stock ground by e Foerderanlage and stack.
The ore pulp except selected mineral in primary election machine and preparator can be transported to dry tailings drainage device and dewater, step 135 as shown in the drawings.
The foregoing describe the method technique according to the present invention. Hereinafter, by further by implementing the explanation of mode for other, improvement or the remodeling of above-mentioned processing method are described.
According to a further aspect of the invention, it is proposed that a kind of processing method mineral aggregate being carried out to sort. Except hereinafter described new technology feature, the step of this processing method is similar to the step in aforementioned embodiments. For brevity, will only carry out simply statement for identical or mutually similar treatment process and step or omit, be not described in detail.
In an alternative embodiment of the process according to the invention, propose a kind of mineral aggregate sorting process, this technique comprises the steps such as primary election, grinding, selected and dehydration equally, step described in primary election in the present embodiment, grinding and dehydrating step and aforementioned embodiments above is identical, does not repeat them here. With reference to accompanying drawing 4, the following intelligent selected step in present embodiment will be specifically described.
Similarly, after by the mineral aggregate grinding after primary election, supply preparator 30, or after grinding and fineness are sorted, mineral aggregate is supplied preparator.
The ore pulp 10 that mineral aggregate and water are mixed to form moves to outlet from entrance in the inside of the selected cylinder of preparator, the wherein approximate horizontal layout of center axis of selected cylinder;
While ore pulp flows, selected cylinder 31 is driven to rotate around its center axis, ore pulp is made upwards to move from cylinder bottom along the inwall of selected cylinder while advancing and fall due to the effect of gravity subsequently, continue to rotate described cylinder, make ore pulp repeat above-mentioned rising and dropping process in selected cylinder, do not stop to stir and rolling in selected tube inner chamber;
By the field generator for magnetic arranged along the circumference of selected cylinder, ore pulp being applied magnetic field so that the selected mineral grain in slurry attaches on the inwall of selected cylinder, the magnetic line of force in wherein said magnetic field is with roughly perpendicular with slurry working direction;
By being arranged on the sorter 33 of selected tube inner chamber near selected cylinder barrel predetermined distance place, ore pulp is accurately sorted; This sorter 33 is roughly mutually parallel with the center axis of selected cylinder 31, in the rotation process of selected cylinder, at the rolling of selected tube inner chamber and the ore pulp stirred and select the space that mineral aggregate is passed between the inwall of selected cylinder and sorter; Preferably, selected cylinder inner chamber bottom near barrel be provided with one or more sorters 33;
By the magnetic field that circumferentially arranges at selected cylinder and described sorter, make selected mineral (the first mineral in ore pulp, it is iron ore in the present embodiment) in the process risen and fall, it is subject to the effect in magnetic field, by repeatedly stirring and be combined with each other in whipping process, form magnetic group and/or magnetic linkage, after accumulating enough big magnetic group and/or magnetic linkage, it is attached on selected cylinder inwall along with the rotation of selected cylinder is upwards moved always, arrives the feeding zone being positioned at top in selected tube inner chamber;
Make the first mineral fall to the first of preparator in feeding zone by blanking mechanism and connect hopper, and connect hopper via this and leave preparator;
Other material except selected mineral in ore pulp enters the tail hopper of preparator bottom selected tube inner chamber, enters tail material delivery system.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 3, the upstream of the blanking mechanism in described feeding zone is also provided with the sorter of row equal with the center axis of described selected cylinder so that after selecting the space that mineral aggregate is passed between the inwall of selected cylinder and described sorter, arrives feeding zone by blanking. This sorter is roughly mutually parallel with the center axis of selected cylinder.
Preferably, described sorter is made up of the magnetically permeable material of such as iron etc. Such as, described sorter can be the metal bar that such as iron etc. is made. Preferably, sorter can be the metal tube of hollow, and described metal tube also can be used for supplying water simultaneously.
In the enforcement mode shown in Fig. 4, sorter does not rotate along with selected cylinder, such as, can be fixed on the support outside selected cylinder. But it is understood that sorter can be arranged in the process of ore dressing removable, such as, can rotate together along with selected cylinder. Sorter can arrange multiple as required, arranges along selected cylinder inwall and is spaced from certain distance, it is possible to is fixed on the support outside cylinder of selecting materials, or can be fixed on select materials on cylinder when rotating with cylinder of selecting materials.
Ore pulp after selected is divided into two portions, the mineral aggregate being selected, and also namely the stacking of fine powder stock ground delivered to after dewatering by fine powder mineral aggregate.
Tail material enters dry tailings drainage device and dewaters, and then stacks to tailings area.
In the mineral dressing method according to the present invention, it may be preferred that the magneticstrength that the magneticstrength residing for ore pulp in preparator is less than in primary election machine. Preparator captures with magnetic or the mineral that magnetic can be induced, thus obtain selected mineral aggregate; The material without magnetic, waste residue of being abandoned enters dry tailings drainage device and processes, and after sloughing moisture, dry waste residue is discharged, and is deposited into tailings stock ground.
Wherein in described preparator: mineral aggregate is applied with toroidal magnetic field by preparator, make mineral aggregate stir in the cylinder of preparator and roll simultaneously, the mineral aggregate containing magnetic mineral in mineral aggregate is utilized to form magnetic linkage and magnetic group, and along with the rotation of the cylinder of preparator arrives above cylinder, thus the mineral aggregate of magnetic is captured, crawled mineral aggregate enters first above cylinder and connects in hopper, and the not crawled material without magnetic flows out from the exit end of preparator via tail hopper.
In above-mentioned refining process, ball mill grinding ore pulp can be utilized, then ore pulp is entered in fineness sorter, the ore pulp with predetermined fineness specification meeting screening requirement in ore pulp is discharged, enter next link and carry out selected operation, not ore pulp by fineness sorter is returned to again ball mill carries out two milled processed, this link technical process successfully solves magnetic ore and gangue, non-magnetic substance wraps up mutually and cannot be separated, causing magnetic ore to occur cannot phenomenon generation that effectively magnetic is poly-, stop the generation that magnetic ore abandons phenomenon by mistake. make the ore pulp entering preparator, magnetic can be occurred rapidly to gather phenomenon, being formed " magnetic group " or " magnetic linkage ", " magnetic group " or " magnetic linkage " are subject to magneticaction in ore pulp, when moving to magnetic pole, present rolling state, due to the change of magnetic field numerical value, magnetic line of force direction of motion is also in change, and " magnetic group " or " magnetic linkage " is when rolling along cylinder sense of rotation, drive the ore pulp also rolling in multi-direction irregular formula, so more effectively there being magnetic substance generation magnetic to gather phenomenon.
Preferably, the operations such as primary election, concentrated, grinding, fineness sorting, selected and dehydration are being comprised according to the dressing method of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3.
[about pulp density and abrasive grain]
In ore dressing, pulp density and grinding particle size all have a certain impact for ore dressing.
For pulp density, it is necessary to select and set suitable pulp density. If pulp density is too high, sorting excessive concentration can be caused, and then can seriously affect concentrate quality. Now, concentrate particle is easily covered by thinner gangue particle and parcel, and sorting is not opened. Grade is caused to reduce. If pulp density is too low, will greatly increase ore grinding cost, and reduce and ore deposit rate, be unfavorable for grinding step. In addition, sorting concentration also being made too low if pulp density is too low, cause flow velocity to increase, the time that sorts shortens relatively, can make like this magnetic-particle originally having an opportunity to be selected due to flow velocity too fast and be not selected. Therefore, according to the difference of device parameter and Resource security, setting corresponding pulp density is also one of factor obtaining good ore dressing effect.
Preferably, after primary election, the first mineral selected are transported to subsequent processing with the form of ore pulp. Before the grinding, it is necessary to carry out slurry concentrating, to improve mill efficiency. And carry out selected before, in order to arrive good ore dressing effect, it is necessary to add clear water in preparator again, ore pulp is diluted.
Such as, crawled useful ore pulp flows in pulp thickener, adds a large amount of clear water subsequently, pulp density is reduced in refining process.
Such as, in one embodiment according to the present invention, before the grinding, pulp density after slurry concentrating is in the scope of 30% to 35%.
In another embodiment, enter the pulp density in preparator in the scope of 25% to 35% (weight percent of mineral aggregate in ore pulp), then add clear water more simultaneously. After process sorts, connecing the pulp density in hopper at the first of preparator can in the scope of 30% to 40%. Meanwhile, the pulp density entering tail hopper can in the scope of 10% to 60%.
For the granularity of mineral aggregate, it also it is extremely important factor. In magnetic separation process in the present invention, utilize primary election, grinding, fineness sorting and the step such as selected that different mineralogical composition carries out stage treatment, to reach good ore dressing effect. Metallic ore is generally fine-grained disseminated grain, it is necessary to makes various valuable mineral in ore obtain comparatively ideal liberation degree of minerals through grinding, thus sorts smoothly.
Applicant, by the research of oneself, obtains one group of grain size parameter, and these parameters are applied in the above-mentioned mineral dressing method in present disclosure, it is possible to obtain good ore dressing effect.
Such as, according to, in the ore dressing for magnetite of the present invention, the granularity of primary election can, within the scope of 60-120 object, need to be greater than 80 orders in selected. In other words, according to the present embodiment fineness sort in, ore particle granularity be coarser than 80 object ore particles will be blocked and be back to material grinder resume grind, preferably, granularity order number is lower than 90, it is more preferable to the ore particle lower than 120 is sorted out by ground, returns the grinding of abrasive material resume.
It should be appreciated that according to different mineral types, to be considered specification of equipment and precision simultaneously, it is necessary to according to circumstances determine pulp density required in ore dressing process and the granularity of mineral aggregate. In one embodiment, grinding plant can be ball mill. The fineness of the mineral aggregate ground out of this ball mill can up to 200 orders. For some Non-ferrous minerals, for the fineness of the ore particle entered in preparator or primary election machine it is even possible that up to 300 orders.
According in the dressing method of the present invention, when being sorted by magnetite, the mineral aggregate granularity entering primary election machine or preparator should be narrower than 80 orders.
According to, in the dressing method of the present invention, also not the particle of mineral aggregate is more thin more good. Iron ore is wrapped up to the mineral aggregate of impurity, it is not suitable for too thin granularity. For iron ore, the granularity of mineral aggregate particle entering selected machine is preferably within the scope of 80 to 200 objects, it is more preferable to ground is within the scope of 80-120 object.
The order number mentioned herein, is used for defining granularity or the fineness degree of material, and general definition refers to the hole count of screen cloth in 1 square inch. Order number is more big, illustrates that raw meal particle size is more thin; Order number is more little, illustrates that raw meal particle size is more big. Sieve size is exactly that particle by the size of mesh of screen cloth, can represent with the screen number in the screen cloth of 1 inch of (25.4mm) length, be thus referred to as order number. The standard about order number consistent (have references to the Tyler standard sieve of the U.S.) of field of engineering technology of the order number mentioned herein and China. Such as follows at the corresponding relation of the order number above mentioned and the size of granularity:
80 orders=0.180mm; 120 orders=1.125mm; 200 orders=0.075mm.
In addition, in addition it is also necessary to select suitable feeding speed according to the situation of reality. In the method according to the invention, it is possible to actual situation sets required feeding speed, such as, can be 20 tons (T) per hour. Maximum can be per hour up to 100-200T.
In the primary election machine according to the present invention and preparator, primary selection tube and selected cylinder can penetrate by magnetic field and the wear-resisting material that do not had an impact in magnetic field is made, such as, can be stainless steel or hard, wear-resistant plastic material, or other suitable materials.
Above-mentioned mineral dressing method according to the present invention, it is possible to the not congruent mineral being mingled in mineral aggregate are sorted. Such as mineralogical composition different for magnetic can be sorted, or may be used for sorting the material (utilizing primary election machine or preparator) that magnetic is relatively strong or inducedmagnetism is stronger in the mixture.
Preferably, the length of this metal bar is roughly the same with the length of magnetic field of cylinder of selecting materials.
Preferably, the action of a magnetic field area in primary election machine and preparator is greater than 6 square metres.
In an enforcement mode of the method according to the present invention, it is also possible to sorter is set equally in elementary machine.
Preferably, in the mineral dressing method according to the present invention, the magneticstrength of the circumference of the primary selection tube in primary election machine is between about 3000Gs (Gauss) to 6000Gs. Magneticstrength in preparator is between 0 to 2000Gs.
Certainly, the magnetic pole intensity in preparator (primary election machine and preparator) can be selected according to practical situation, and when using electromagnetism device to produce magnetic field, the magneticstrength in primary election machine can up to 20,000 Gs.
This is according in the method for the present invention, it is possible to adopt the two groups of permanent magnet magnetic plates being arranged on cylinder circumferential direction, thus produces magnetic field in the circumference of selected cylinder or primary selection tube. Wherein often organizing magnetic plate and comprise the mutually corresponding magnetic plate of two magnetic poles, and N pole and interval, S pole are arranged, described magnetic plate can be the magnetic plate being made up of permanent magnet. In other implementations, cylinder can be arranged the magnetic plate of more groups, such as 3 to 10 group magnetic plate. It is appreciated that, according to the size of cylinder, it is possible on primary election machine or preparator, arrange the magnetic plate of suitable number, so that the circumferentially generation magnetic field of the cylinder at preparator. Described magnetic plate can also be electromagnetism device.
Preferably, in primary election machine and preparator, it is possible to arrange in one end near outlet of primary selection tube and/or selected cylinder a ring to high-intensity magnetic field, for stoping the material with magnetic to flow out primary selection tube or selected cylinder. The magneticstrength in this magnetic field is preferably more than 4000Gs.
The rotating speed of described primary selection tube and selected cylinder is at 5-20 rev/min, it is preferable that at 8 to 15 revs/min. It should be appreciated that the rotating speed of primary selection tube or selected cylinder can also be other suitable rotating speeds.
In the mineral dressing method according to the present invention, when mineral aggregate rotates in cylinder of selecting materials (primary selection tube or selected cylinder), magneticstrength suffered by mineral aggregate can from 0 5000GS interval variation unevenly, and along with the decoration form of magnetic plate is different, the magnetic line of force of a periphery of selecting materials all changes on horizontal and vertical.
[useful effect]
By utilizing the mineral dressing method according to the present invention, following useful effect at least can be realized:
In the actual tests of applicant, it is possible to " the non magnetic iron " in raw material is elected.
Sedimentary metamorphic ultra-poor iron ore Tfe (full iron) can be made 5.6%; Mfe (magnetic iron) selects the Iron concentrate up to 66% when 0.8%; In CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND, Tfe grade only remains 1.1%; And concentration ratio is less than 20:1.
" world-famous puzzle " ultra-poor vanadium titano-magnetite CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND can be sorted. Making ultra-poor vanadium titano-magnetite mine tailing select Iron concentrate to reach more than Tfe65% again, concentration ratio is less than 25:1.
The metallic iron in sulfate cinder can be sorted; Can up to Tfe85%, far away higher than the maximum data 63.3% of the at present domestic most advanced dressing method technology of China.
Iron concentrate can be made to purify again further, the Iron concentrate of about 65%, with the use of the mineral dressing method according to the present invention, it is possible to reach 71.5%. Almost close to Z 250 theoretical value 72.4%.
Hereinafter by enumerating some examples, the useful effect that the mineral dressing method according to the present invention produces and the great economic benefit brought specifically are described.
Example 1
The method according to the present invention is utilized to carry out mine tailing screening to by the CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND of the ultra-poor vanadium titano-magnetite of the ultrabasic rocks body from somewhere, Hebei province.
Examining report according to detection department: the mineral content of above-mentioned ore deposit CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND following (total is 100%): in CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND, pyroxene mineral account for 47.59%, amphibole mineral account for 18.53%, spectra accounts for 14.51%, ilmenite mineral account for 5.87%, montmorillonite mineral accounts for 5.19%, chlorite mineral account for 1.75%, and illite minerals accounts for 6.55%. It can be seen that CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND does not contain single mineral of magnetite.
In the tailing treatment technology of prior art, almost have no idea to select, from above-mentioned ultra-poor vanadium titano-magnetite CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND, the Iron concentrate meeting industrial index requirement. Because based on common mineralogy, crystal chemistry theory and ore dressing experience of the prior art, though pyroxene, amphibole iron content, they are " lattice iron ", are the iron in silicate, may with physics mineral dressing method. The certain iron content of ilmenite, but in feTiO3, iron Fe only accounts for 36.8%, and titanium Ti accounts for 36.6%, and all the other are oxygen 26.6%. The ilmenite only having 5.87% in CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND, wants to select the Iron concentrate reaching industrial requirements, is almost impossible in theory.
But, by utilizing the mineral dressing method according to the present invention, the survey report of authoritative institution shows: in the beneficiation test of the first time of the above-mentioned mineral dressing method utilizing the present invention, and the Iron concentrate Tfe obtained after selected for above-mentioned mine tailing reaches 57.55%.
In second time test, the Iron concentrate Tfe65.78% selected.
Example 2
Mine tailing at certain mining site samples 32 tons, carries out beneficiation test.
Utilizing the mineral dressing method according to the present invention, (CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND of mineral deposit of the same race industrial type) beneficiation test result is:
Tfe content 8.52%; Select fine powder grade 65.67%; Mine tailing Tfe grade 3.61%; Ore dressing metal recovery rate tail 60.98%, product rate is 7.9%.
In contrast: use same CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND, the best index that dressing method of the prior art obtains is:
CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND Tfe grade is 7.91%; Fine powder grade is also 65.76%, but ore dressing metal recovery rate is 21.23%, and product rate is 2.46%.
It can be seen that the ore dressing metal recovery rate obtained according to the mineral dressing method of the present invention exceeds 39.75% than best index 21.23%, the productivity ratio whole nation at present preferably index 2.46% exceed 5.44%. This just means that in same a kind of mine tailing CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND, Tfe content is substantially identical, the Iron concentrate grade selected is all 65.67%, but, often process 100 tons of CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND, the technique of preparing of the present invention is than energy more than enough production Iron concentrate 5.44 tons, many enforcement sales are taken in up to more than 5,000 yuan, can many Footwall drift 39.75% than prior art.
It thus is seen that the technique of preparing according to the present invention has extraordinary technique effect.
The above; it is only the present invention's preferably embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any it is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope of present disclosure; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim book.
Claims (14)
1. a mineral dressing method, described method comprises the steps:
The mineral aggregate of particulate state and water are supplied in the inner chamber of primary selection tube of lateral arrangement so that the ore pulp that mineral aggregate and water are mixed to form moves to outlet from entrance in described inner chamber, the center axis lateral arrangement of this primary selection tube;
Driving described primary selection tube to rotate around its center axis, simultaneously the inner chamber of described primary selection tube is applied magnetic field by circumferential direction around described primary selection tube;
By being arranged on the elongated bar-shaped sorter of primary selection tube inner chamber near the predetermined distance place of barrel, ore pulp is accurately sorted;
By the effect in described magnetic field and described sorter, make the selected mineral in ore pulp along with barrel rising with due in the process of the whereabouts of gravity, it is subject to the effect in magnetic field, by repeatedly stirring and be combined with each other in whipping process, form magnetic group and/or magnetic linkage, after accumulating enough big magnetic group and/or magnetic linkage, it is attached to and upwards moves on primary selection tube inwall and along with the rotation of primary selection tube always, arrive the feeding zone being positioned at top in described inner chamber;
Other material except selected mineral in ore pulp enters tail hopper at described intracavity bottom, utilizes doffer to make described selected mineral leave the barrel of described primary selection tube, falls to material receiving apparatus, then leaves primary selection tube via the first outlet,
The particle diameter of mineral aggregate wherein entering described primary selection tube is within the scope of 60 to 120 objects.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, described method also comprises grinds the selected mineral leaving described primary selection tube, and the granularity of the mineral aggregate after abrasive material is within the scope of 80 to 150 objects.
3. method according to claim 2, described method is also included in after being ground by selected mineral, is supplied to carry out in selected cylinder selected, in refining process,
Supplying in preparator by mineral aggregate and water, the ore pulp that mineral aggregate and water are mixed to form moves to outlet from entrance in the inside of the selected cylinder of preparator, the approximate horizontal layout of center axis of the selected cylinder of wherein said preparator;
While described ore pulp flows, described selected cylinder is driven to rotate around its center axis;
By the field generator for magnetic arranged along the circumference of selected cylinder, ore pulp is applied magnetic field, the selected mineral grain in ore pulp is made to attach on the inwall of selected cylinder, by applying magnetic field, selected mineral in the ore pulp made repeatedly are being stirred in the inner process rising and fall of selected cylinder under the effect in magnetic field, and it be combined with each other in whipping process, form magnetic group and/or magnetic linkage;
By being arranged on the elongated bar-shaped sorter of selected tube inner chamber near the predetermined distance place of barrel, ore pulp is accurately sorted;
By the effect in described magnetic field and described sorter, make the selected mineral in ore pulp along with barrel rising with due in the process of the whereabouts of gravity, it is subject to the effect in magnetic field, by repeatedly stirring and be combined with each other in whipping process, form magnetic group and/or magnetic linkage, after accumulating enough big magnetic group and/or magnetic linkage, it is attached on selected cylinder inwall and upwards moves along with the rotation of selected cylinder always, arrive the feeding zone being positioned at above selected tube inner chamber;
Connect hopper in feeding zone by what blanking mechanism made that selected mineral grain falls to preparator, and leave preparator via the 2nd outlet;
Other material except selected mineral in ore pulp enters the tail hopper of preparator bottom selected tube inner chamber, enters tail material delivery system,
Wherein in above-mentioned refining process, the magneticstrength applied in selected cylinder is less than the magneticstrength in primary selection tube, the magneticstrength of the circumference of described primary selection tube is between 3000Gs to 6000Gs, magneticstrength in described preparator is between 0 to 2000Gs, in preparator, pulp density is in the scope of 30% to 40%, and the pulp density entering tail hopper is in the scope of 10% to 60%.
4. method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that, by the selected mineral aggregate after selected, for entering, water extracter carries out being separated of mineral and water.
5. according to the method in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, described method is also included in before grinding, ore pulp is concentrated, in the process that ore pulp is concentrated, the impurity that proportion is lighter than effective mineralogical composition is abandoned together with water, increases the content of mineralogical composition in primary election ore pulp further.
6. method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described method be also included in mineral aggregate is carried out selected before, mineral aggregate is carried out fineness sorting, the mineral aggregate not meeting fineness requirement is recycled to the grinding of material grinder resume, the mineral aggregate meeting fineness requirement is sent to preparator, mineral aggregate granularity be coarser than 80 object particles will be blocked and be back to material grinder resume grinding.
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that, granularity order number sorts out lower than 90 object mineral aggregates, returns the grinding of abrasive material resume.
8. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that, granularity order number sorts out lower than the mineral aggregate of 120, returns the grinding of abrasive material resume.
9. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that, described mineral aggregate is magnetite, and the feeding speed entering the mineral aggregate in primary selection tube is 10-20 ton per hour, and the granularity entering the mineral aggregate particle in preparator is within the scope of 80 to 200 objects.
10. method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that, the granularity entering the mineral aggregate particle in preparator is within the scope of 80-120 object.
11. methods according to claim 6, it is characterised in that, described method also comprise by from pulp thickener water and waste material, be all transported in dry row's machine from the waste material of primary selection tube and selected cylinder and dewater.
12. methods according to claim 6, it is characterised in that, in the process, the action of a magnetic field area in primary selection tube and selected cylinder is greater than 6 square metres.
13. according to the method one of claim 6-12 Suo Shu, it is characterised in that, the rotating speed of described primary selection tube and selected cylinder is at 5-20 rev/min.
14. methods according to claim 13, it is characterised in that, the rotating speed of described primary selection tube and selected cylinder is at 8 to 15 revs/min.
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| CN103861730A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-06-18 | 合肥工业大学 | Dry and wet type cyclic magnetic separation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US7841474B2 (en) * | 2008-11-19 | 2010-11-30 | Outotec Oyj | Beltless rare earth roll magnetic separator system and method |
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| US5496470A (en) * | 1994-05-27 | 1996-03-05 | Barnes International, Inc. | Magnetic separator |
| CN101045222A (en) * | 2007-04-29 | 2007-10-03 | 广州有色金属研究院 | Magnetic centrifugal concentrating machine |
| CN201040264Y (en) * | 2007-04-29 | 2008-03-26 | 广州有色金属研究院 | Magnetic force centrifugal ore dressing machine |
| CN201394502Y (en) * | 2009-04-04 | 2010-02-03 | 余锦伟 | Double magnetic drum density adjusting and controlling magnetic separator |
| CN103495500A (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2014-01-08 | 长沙矿冶研究院有限责任公司 | Low-energy-consumption method for separating ilmenites from tailings in iron choosing plant |
| CN103861730A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-06-18 | 合肥工业大学 | Dry and wet type cyclic magnetic separation method |
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