WO2016187858A1

WO2016187858A1 - Method for sorting minerals

Info

Publication number: WO2016187858A1
Application number: PCT/CN2015/080026
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张宝祥
Original assignee: 张宝祥
Priority date: 2015-05-28
Filing date: 2015-05-28
Publication date: 2016-12-01

Abstract

A method for sorting minerals, comprising: feed mineral aggregate and water into an inner cavity of a transversely arranged primary sorting barrel, a central axis of the primary sorting barrel being arranged along a transverse direction; drive the primary sorting barrel to rotate, and apply a magnetic field to the inner cavity of the sorting barrel at the same time; accurately sort ore pulp by means of a classifier; enable the selected minerals in the ore pulp to form magnetic aggregate and/or magnetic flux linkage in the processes of rising along with a barrel wall and dropping due to gravity under the actions of the magnetic field and the classifier; after the magnetic aggregate and/or magnetic flux linkage that are/is big enough are/is aggregated, the magnetic aggregate and/or magnetic flux linkage attach(es) to an inner wall of the primary sorting barrel and move(s) upwards all the way along with the rotation of the primary sorting barrel until reaching a blanking area located at the upper part of the inner cavity; and except the selected minerals, other materials in the ore pulp enter a tailings trough from the bottom of the inner cavity.

Description

A mineral sorting method

Technical field

This invention relates to the screening of minerals and, more particularly, to a method of sorting for mineral or tailings.

Background technique

Mineral resources are an important support for the development of the national economy and one of the essential factors for the survival and development of human society. With the depletion of rich mineral resources, the characteristics of ore minerals are becoming more and more conspicuous, making the selection method technology particularly important in the development and utilization of mineral resources. Most minerals in mineral resources have low useful components and complex mineral composition. They must be separated by mineral processing to increase the content of useful mineral components to meet the requirements of the next smelting and processing technology. In the case of the gradual reduction of rich mineral resources, the existing mineral processing techniques and means have serious problems of wasting mineral resources.

At present, China's mineral processing industry only selects and purifies one mineral with relatively high content. Other minerals with relatively low content are discarded as tailings waste. No people or enterprises have all kinds of metals contained in tailings. The operation of re-purification of minerals has resulted in the loss and waste of a large number of available and valuable metal minerals, and the accumulation of a large number of tailings has also polluted the surrounding environment.

At present, there is no effective means of resource remediation and resource recovery in tailings treatment. Tailings, in general, refers to the waste that the ore dresser pulverizes and separates the useful components under specific economic and technical conditions, that is, the solid fertilizer remaining after the ore is selected for the concentrate. Tailings are a major component of industrial solid waste and contain a certain amount of useful metals and non-metallic minerals. It can be regarded as a kind of mineral material such as silicate or carbonate, which has the characteristics of fine particle size, large quantity, pollution and environmental damage. China's tailings are mostly stored in tailings dams by natural accumulation method. They not only encroach on a large number of land, polluting mining areas and surrounding areas, forming safety hazards, but also causing a large loss of valuable metals and non-metal resources. Become a serious constraint to the development of the mine. Therefore, an effective technology is urgently needed to comprehensively utilize and reduce tailings resources, turn waste into treasure, and turn harm into profit, thereby improving the ecological environment, improving resource utilization, and promoting sustainable development of the mining industry.

The existing process can not achieve effective re-extraction of various valuable resources in the tailings, resulting in a large number of useful and valuable metal materials being discharged into the tailings along with the non-metal materials, resulting in high energy consumption and useful The metal recovery rate is low and the recycling grade is low, resulting in a large amount of metal waste and secondary pollution to the surrounding environment.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, there is an urgent need for a method capable of improving beneficiation efficiency and properly treating tailings. Through years of scientific experiments and research, the inventor proposed a novel mineral sorting method, which can improve the beneficiation efficiency and properly handle the existing tailings.

According to one aspect of the invention, a mineral sorting method is provided, the method comprising the steps of: feeding granular minerals and water into a lumen of a laterally disposed primary cylinder such that the mineral material is mixed with water The formed slurry moves from the inlet to the outlet in the inner cavity, the central axis of the primary cylinder is laterally arranged; the primary cylinder is driven to rotate about its own central axis while the circumferential direction of the primary cylinder is Applying a magnetic field to the inner cavity of the cartridge; accurately selecting the slurry by an elongated rod-shaped sorter disposed at a predetermined distance from the inner wall of the primary cylinder near the wall; passing the magnetic field and the sorter The role of the selected minerals in the slurry in the process of ascending with the wall of the cylinder and falling due to gravity, subjected to the action of a magnetic field, repeated agitation and combined with each other during agitation to form a magnetic cluster and/or flux linkage, After being pooled into a large enough magnetic cluster and/or flux linkage, it is attached to the inner wall of the primary cylinder and moves upwards with the rotation of the primary cylinder to reach the upper blanking zone in the inner cavity; Except Other substances other than the selected mineral enter the tail trough at the bottom of the inner chamber, and the blanking device is used to make the selected mineral leave the wall of the primary cylinder, drop to the receiving device, and then pass through the first outlet. Leaving the primary cartridge, wherein the size of the mineral material entering the primary cylinder is in the range of about 60 to 120 mesh.

Preferably, the method further comprises grinding the selected mineral leaving the primary cylinder, preferably, the size of the ore after the abrasive is in the range of 80 to 150 mesh.

Preferably, the method further comprises supplying the selected mineral to the fine after grinding In the selection process, the minerals and water are supplied to the selection machine. The slurry formed by the mixing of the minerals and the water moves from the inlet to the outlet inside the selected cylinder of the selection machine. The central axis of the finishing cylinder of the finishing machine is arranged substantially horizontally; while the slurry flows, the finishing cylinder is driven to rotate about its central axis; the magnetic slurry is applied to the slurry by a magnetic field generating device disposed along the circumference of the finishing cylinder The magnetic field causes the selected mineral particles in the slurry to adhere to the inner wall of the selected cylinder. By applying a magnetic field, the selected mineral in the slurry is subjected to the magnetic field during the ascending and falling process inside the selected cylinder. It is repeatedly stirred and combined with each other during agitation to form a magnetic group and/or a magnetic chain; the slurry is precisely selected by an elongated rod-shaped sorter disposed at a predetermined distance from the inner wall of the cylinder to the wall of the cylinder. By the magnetic field and the action of the sorter, the selected mineral in the slurry is subjected to a magnetic field during the process of ascending with the wall of the cylinder and falling due to gravity, being repeatedly stirred and stirring During the mixing process, they are combined with each other to form a magnetic group and/or a magnetic chain. After being aggregated into a large enough magnetic group and/or magnetic chain, they are attached to the inner wall of the selective cylinder and move upward with the rotation of the selective cylinder. Arriving at the blanking area above the inner chamber of the finishing cylinder; passing the selected mineral particles to the receiving tank of the finishing machine through the blanking mechanism in the blanking area, and leaving the finishing machine via the second outlet; Other substances other than the selected mineral enter the tailgate of the finishing machine at the bottom of the selected cylinder cavity and enter the tailings delivery system.

Wherein in the above selection process, the magnetic field strength applied in the selection cylinder is less than the magnetic field strength in the selection cylinder, preferably, the circumferential magnetic field strength of the primary cylinder is between about 3000 Gs and 6000 Gs, The strength of the magnetic field in the machine is between 0 and 2000 Gs. Preferably, the concentration of the slurry in the finishing machine is in the range of 30% to 40%, and the concentration of the slurry entering the tailings is in the range of 10% to 60%.

Preferably, the selected ore selected material is fed to a dewatering machine for separation of minerals from water.

Further preferably, the method further comprises: concentrating the slurry prior to performing the grinding, and discarding the impurities having a specific gravity less than the effective mineral component together with the water during the concentration of the slurry, further increasing the mineral in the primary slurry The content of the ingredients.

The method further comprises: before the mineral material is selected, the mineral material is finely sorted, the mineral material that does not meet the fineness requirement is returned to the abrasive machine for further grinding, and the mineral material meeting the fineness requirement is transmitted to the mineral material. The finishing machine, the particles having a coarser grain size of 80 mesh will be intercepted and returned to the mill for further grinding, preferably with a mesh size below 90 mesh, more preferably below 120. Sorted out and returned to the abrasive to continue grinding.

In one embodiment according to the present invention, the mineral material is magnetite, and the feed rate of the mineral material entering the primary cylinder is about 10-20 tons per hour, and the particle size of the mineral particles entering the finishing machine It is preferably in the range of 80 to 200 mesh, more preferably in the range of 80-120 mesh.

Preferably, the method according to the invention further comprises conveying water and waste from the pulp concentrator, waste from the primary and secondary drums to a dry-dischar machine for dewatering.

Preferably, in the method according to the invention, the magnetic field acting area in the primary and the selective cylinders is greater than 6 square meters.

Preferably, in the method according to the invention, the rotational speed of the primary and secondary cartridges is between 5 and 20 rpm, preferably between 8 and 15 rpm.

With the method according to the invention, it is possible to efficiently select mineral materials of economic value from a large number of discarded ores or tailings.

The invention has low energy consumption, high metal recovery rate, high metal recycling grade, and simultaneous separation and discharge of logistics and water, thereby fundamentally solving the problem of environmental pollution.

DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure, specific embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 shows a schematic flow chart of a mineral sorting method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 shows a schematic flow chart of a mineral sorting method according to another embodiment of the present invention;

3 shows a schematic flow chart of a mineral sorting method according to another embodiment of the present invention;

4 shows a schematic view of a finishing cartridge used in a mineral sorting method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Described in the present disclosure The embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts are within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is not limited by the specific embodiments described below.

In the following disclosure, it is to be understood that the illustrated embodiments and examples are illustrative only. Unless specifically stated herein, various terms and phrases associated with the elements, components, devices, and processes referred to in this disclosure are consistent with the definitions and meanings that are generally understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. It should be noted that the shapes and positions of the various devices, devices, conduits, components, components, and the like shown in the figures are merely schematic, and it should be understood that the various elements shown in the figures are The situation can be taken in a variety of forms and forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

In accordance with one aspect of the present disclosure, a mineral sorting method is proposed that can be used for re-screening of raw ore sorting and tailings.

In this sorting method, mainly including the processes of primary selection, grinding, selection, and dehydration, as shown in FIG.

It can be understood that the processes and steps involved in the present disclosure can be used not only for beneficiation of magnetite ore, hematite, etc., but also for beneficiation of manganese ore, non-ferrous metals and rare metals. Ore that may utilize the separation method in the present disclosure includes, but is not limited to, magnetite, hematite, vein tungsten ore, sand tin, beach sand, pyrrhotite, ilmenite, wolframite, Antimony iron ore, coltan, monazite and brown earth mines, etc.

In the following embodiments, referring to Figs. 1 to 3, a method of selecting according to the present invention will be specifically described by taking magnetite as an example. The magnetite ore is mainly deposited metamorphic magnetite ore. Most of the iron minerals in the ore are magnetite, mainly composed of fine-grained inlays, and the gangue minerals are mainly silicate minerals such as quartz or amphibole. In some cases, there are more iron silicates.

In the sorting method according to the present embodiment, the ore is first selected. Before entering the primary selection machine, it is generally necessary to grind the ore into pellets. In the beneficiation according to the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 1, the processes including primary selection, grinding, selection, and dehydration are mainly included. In Figure 1, these steps are labeled as

steps

110, 120, 130, and 140.

[primary selection]

In the primary selection 110 shown in FIG. 1, the following steps are mainly included:

The granular iron ore and water are supplied to the primary machine, and the mineral and water form a slurry, and at the same time, the slurry is moved from the inlet to the outlet inside the drum of the primary machine (that is, the primary cylinder). The central axis of the cylinder is arranged in a horizontal direction;

Driving the primary cylinder to rotate about its own central axis, so that the slurry moves upward from the inner wall of the primary cylinder along the inner wall of the primary cylinder and then falls due to the action of gravity, and the primary cylinder continues to rotate, so that the slurry is Repeating the above ascending and falling processes in the drum;

A magnetic field is applied to the slurry in the cavity of the primary cylinder by a magnetic field distributed along the circumference of the primary cylinder such that the selected mineral (the first mineral, in this embodiment iron ore) in the slurry is attached to the initial stage. On the inner wall of the cylinder, at the same time, by applying a magnetic field to the slurry, the selected minerals in the material are repeatedly stirred under the action of the magnetic field during the ascending and falling inside the cylinder, and are combined with each other during the stirring to form a magnetic body. Group and / or flux linkage;

The first mineral that has formed a magnetic group and/or a magnetic chain, after being aggregated into a sufficiently large magnetic group and/or magnetic chain, is attached to the inner wall of the primary cylinder and moves upward with the rotation of the cylinder to reach the primary cylinder a blanking area above the inner cavity;

Passing the blanking mechanism to the first receiving tank through the blanking mechanism in the blanking area, and leaving the primary sorting machine via the receiving trough outlet;

The material other than the first mineral in the slurry enters the second receiving tank via the second outlet of the primary machine and exits the primary separator via the second receiving tank.

In the above steps, the particle size of the ore particles entering the primary selection machine can be selected according to actual conditions. For example, in one embodiment, the size of the ore particles entering the primary separator is in the range of about 60 to 120 mesh. The speed and flow rate of the mineral material entering the primary selection machine can be determined according to the processing needs of the site.

For example, in the present embodiment, for magnetite, the feed rate of the mineral material entering the primary separator may be about 10-20 tons per hour. The design of the primary machine can increase throughput as needed, for example, it can reach 100 to 200 tons per hour.

In this process, the ore material can be fed into the primary selection machine through the feeder, and the water is transported together with the mineral material to the primary selection machine, and the mineral material is screened by the primary selection machine.

In the primary selection machine, by applying a toroidal magnetic field to the mineral material, while making the mineral material in the primary selection machine The drum is stirred and tumbling, and the magnetic flux and magnetic group are formed by using the mineral material containing the magnetic mineral in the mineral material, and the magnetic mineral material is grasped as the drum of the primary selecting machine reaches above the drum.

In order to obtain a better beneficiation effect, the mineral material can be further selected to further improve the grade of the mineral powder. The mineral material can be reground before being selected. The ore components (such as iron ore) in the mineral material are better separated from impurities.

[concentrate of pulp]

Preferably, the primary slurry is conveyed to the slurry concentrator prior to grinding through the primary mineral. The primary slurry is concentrated to reduce the water content and increase the slurry concentration, as shown in step 115 of Figure 2.

In the process of concentrating the slurry, impurities having a specific gravity less than the effective mineral component can be discarded together with water, further increasing the content of mineral components in the primary slurry.

Preferably, the water or waste from the pulp concentrator is sent to the dry-discharging machine for treatment, and after the water is removed, the waste slag is discharged and stacked in the tail slag yard;

The slurry is concentrated and can be set as needed. In the case where the slurry flowing out of the primary sorting machine satisfies the concentration requirement, the process of enriching the slurry may also be omitted.

[grinding process]

Since the mineral composition is in the form of fine-grained intercalation in the ore, in order to obtain a better sorting effect, the mineral material needs to be ground again before the selection, as shown in step 120 of Figures 1 to 3.

The concentration and source of the slurry to be ground varies depending on the field process. In the absence of concentration of the slurry, the slurry after the primary screening is fed into the mill to further grind the slurry. If the step of slurry concentration is set in the sorting method, the concentrated slurry is supplied to the grinder.

During the grinding process, the corresponding abrasive may be added as necessary to grind the mineral material in the slurry to make the mineral material into smaller particles, so that the magnetic material in the slurry is further separated from the non-magnetic material.

In one embodiment, the ball mill is used to grind the mineral material. Preferably, the size of the ore after the abrasive is in the range of 80 to 150 mesh.

[fine sorting]

Preferably, in one embodiment, as shown in step 125 of Figure 3, a fineness sorter may be provided to finely sort the ground slurry. The ground slurry is conveyed to a fineness sorting machine for fine sorting, and the mineral material that does not meet the fineness requirement is returned to the abrasive machine for further grinding, and the mineral material meeting the fineness requirement is transferred to the finishing machine. For example, the mineral material is transferred to the finishing machine in the form of a slurry.

In the present embodiment, for magnetite, for example, mineral particles having a particle size larger than 100 mesh can be sorted out, and then the over-calculated ore is conveyed back to the grinder to continue grinding. The minerals that meet the requirements are transported to the next process until the minerals meet the requirements.

For mineral materials, mineral materials that do not meet the fineness requirements are generally materials that are not magnetically and non-magnetically separated. It is necessary to return to the abrasive machine to continue grinding and separation until the separation requirements are met. However, the specific particle size needs to be determined based on different mineral components.

For example, for magnetite, the primary particle size is between 60 and 120 mesh, and in the selection it is greater than 80 mesh. In other words, in the fineness sorting according to the present embodiment, the particles having a grain size of coarser than 80 mesh will be intercepted and returned to the mill for continued grinding, preferably, the mesh size is less than 90 mesh, more preferably will be low. The minerals at 120 are sorted out and returned to the abrasive for continued grinding.

[Selected]

The ground minerals are selected in a selection machine. Preferably, after fine-sorting the mineral material, the mineral material meeting the particle size requirements is selected, as shown in step 140 of the accompanying drawings.

The selection of minerals can include the following steps:

The mineral material (here generally in the form of a slurry) and water are supplied to the finishing machine, and the slurry formed by mixing the mineral material and the water moves from the inlet to the outlet inside the selected cylinder of the finishing machine, wherein the fine The central axis of the selected cylinder of the machine is arranged substantially horizontally;

While the slurry flows, the finishing cylinder is driven to rotate about its own central axis, so that the slurry moves upward from the bottom of the drum along the inner wall of the finishing cylinder while advancing and then falls due to the action of gravity, the cylinder Continuous rotation, so that the slurry repeats the above ascending and falling process in the selected cylinder, and continuously stirs and rolls in the inner cavity of the selected cylinder;

Applying a magnetic field to the slurry by a magnetic field generating device disposed along the circumference of the finishing cylinder such that the selected mineral particles in the slurry are attached to the inner wall of the finishing cylinder; preferably, advancing with the slurry Applying a magnetic field in a direction that is substantially perpendicular;

By applying a magnetic field, the selected mineral (the first mineral, in this embodiment, iron ore) in the slurry is repeatedly stirred under the action of the magnetic field during the ascending and falling inside the finishing cylinder, and Combining with each other during agitation to form a magnetic group and/or a magnetic chain;

The first mineral that has formed a magnetic group and/or a magnetic chain, after being aggregated into a sufficiently large magnetic group and/or magnetic chain, is attached to the inner wall of the selective cylinder and moves upward with the rotation of the selective cylinder to reach above Blanking area

Passing the blanking mechanism to the first receiving tank of the finishing machine through the blanking mechanism, and leaving the finishing machine via the receiving tank;

The material other than the selected mineral in the slurry enters the tailgate of the finishing machine at the bottom of the selected cylinder lumen and enters the tailings delivery system.

Preferably, in the above selection process, the magnetic field strength applied in the selection cylinder is less than the magnetic field strength in the primary selection machine.

【Dehydration】

The selected minerals enter the dewatering machine for separation of minerals from water, as shown in step 140 of the figure. The separated fine powder material can be sent to the fine powder yard for stacking by means of a conveying device.

The pulp other than the selected mineral in the primary and finishing machines can be sent to the tailings dry-discharging machine for dewatering, as shown in step 135 of the accompanying drawings.

The process of the method according to the invention has been described above. In the following, improvements or modifications of the above-described process methods will be further described by way of explanation of other embodiments.

In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, a process for sorting mineral materials is presented. The steps of the process are similar to the steps in the previous embodiments, except for the new technical features described below. For the sake of brevity, the same or similar processes and steps will be simply described or omitted and will not be described in detail.

In another embodiment in accordance with the present invention, a mineral sorting process is proposed which also includes the steps of primary selection, grinding, picking, and dehydrating, the primary selection, grinding, and dewatering steps in this embodiment. The steps are the same as those described in the foregoing embodiments, and are not described herein again. Referring to Fig. 4, the following intelligent selection steps in the present embodiment will be specifically described.

Similarly, after the primary mineral material is ground, it is supplied to the finishing machine 30, or in the grinding and fine After the sorting, the ore is supplied to the selection machine.

The slurry 10 formed by mixing the mineral material and the water moves from the inlet to the outlet inside the finishing cylinder of the finishing machine, wherein the central axis of the finishing cylinder is substantially horizontally arranged;

While the slurry flows, the driving selection cylinder 31 is rotated about its own central axis, so that the slurry moves upward from the bottom of the drum along the inner wall of the finishing cylinder while advancing and then falls due to the action of gravity, continuously rotating the cylinder, The pulp is repeatedly repeated in the selected cylinder and the process of ascending and falling is continuously stirred and tumbling in the inner cavity of the selected cylinder;

A magnetic field is applied to the slurry by a magnetic field generating device disposed along the circumference of the finishing cylinder such that the selected mineral particles in the slurry are attached to the inner wall of the finishing cylinder, wherein the magnetic field lines of the magnetic field are substantially opposite to the direction in which the slurry advances. vertical;

The slurry is precisely sorted by a sorter 33 disposed at a predetermined distance from the inner wall of the selected cylinder near the wall of the selected cylinder; the sorter 33 is substantially parallel to the central axis of the selected cylinder 31, in the selective cylinder During the rotation, the slurry which is tumbling and stirring in the inner cylinder of the selected cylinder and the selected mineral material pass through the gap between the inner wall of the finishing cylinder and the sorter; preferably, in the lower part of the inner chamber of the selected cylinder One or more sorters 33 are disposed adjacent to the wall of the barrel;

The selected mineral (the first mineral, in this embodiment, the iron ore) in the slurry is subjected to a magnetic field during the ascending and falling process by the magnetic field provided on the circumference of the selective cylinder and the sorter. , are repeatedly stirred and combined with each other during the agitation process to form magnetic groups and/or magnetic chains, which are attached to the inner wall of the selected cylinder along with the selected cylinder after being pooled into a sufficiently large magnetic cluster and/or flux linkage The rotation is always moved upwards to reach the blanking area located above the inner cavity of the selection cylinder;

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 3, a sorter parallel to the central axis of the selective cylinder is also disposed upstream of the blanking mechanism of the blanking zone, so that the selected mineral material passes through the selection. After the gap between the inner wall of the cylinder and the sorter, the blanking zone is blanked. The sorter is substantially parallel to the central axis of the selected barrel.

Preferably, the sorter is made of a magnetically permeable material such as iron. For example, the The sorter may be a metal rod made of iron or the like. Preferably, the sorter can be a hollow metal tube which can also be used for water supply at the same time.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 4, the sorter does not rotate with the pick-up drum, for example, it can be attached to a bracket other than the pick-up drum. It will be appreciated, however, that the sorter can be configured to be movable during beneficiation, for example, to rotate with the selected cartridge. The sorter can be arranged as needed, arranged along the inner wall of the finishing cylinder and spaced apart from each other, and can be fixed on the bracket outside the selecting cylinder, or can be fixed in the case where the cartridge is rotated. Select the barrel.

After the selection, the slurry is divided into two parts, and the selected mineral materials, that is, the fine powder mineral materials, are sent to the fine powder yard after being dehydrated.

The tailings enter the tailings dry-discharging machine for dewatering and then piled up to the tailings field.

In the mineral sorting method according to the present invention, preferably, the slurry in the finishing machine is at a magnetic field strength lower than that in the primary machine. Grab minerals with magnetic or magnetic induction in the selection machine to obtain selected minerals; materials that are not magnetic, are discarded into the tailings dry-discharging machine for treatment, and after removing moisture, dry waste Discharged and stacked in the tail slag yard.

Wherein in the finishing machine: the selecting machine applies a circumferential magnetic field to the mineral material, and at the same time, the mineral material is stirred and tumbling in the drum of the finishing machine, and the magnetic flux is formed by using the mineral material containing the magnetic mineral in the mineral material. Magnetic group, and as the drum of the finishing machine reaches the top of the drum, the magnetic mineral material is grabbed, and the captured mineral material enters the first receiving tank above the drum, and the unloaded one does not have The magnetic material flows from the outlet end of the finishing machine through the tailing trough.

In the above selection process, the slurry can be ground by a ball mill, and then the slurry is put into the fineness sorting machine, and the slurry having the predetermined fineness specification which meets the screening requirements in the slurry is discharged, and the next step is performed for the selected operation, The slurry that failed to pass the fineness sorter was returned to the ball mill for secondary grinding. The process of this process successfully solved the problem that the magnetic ore and the gangue and non-magnetic materials could not be separated from each other, and the magnetic ore could not be effectively magnetic. The phenomenon of gathering occurs, and the occurrence of false abandonment of magnetic ore is eliminated. The pulp entering the finishing machine can rapidly undergo magnetic aggregation phenomenon to form a "magnet" or "magnetic chain". The "magnet" or "magnetic chain" is subjected to magnetic force in the slurry, and exhibits a tumbling state when moving toward the magnetic pole. Due to the number of magnetic fields The change of the value, the direction of the movement of the magnetic field lines is also changing. When the "magnet" or "magnetic flux" rolls in the direction of the rotation of the cylinder, the slurry is also tumbling in a multi-directional manner, so that magnetic material is more effectively generated. phenomenon.

Preferably, the processes of primary selection, concentration, grinding, fineness sorting, selection, and dehydration are included in the sorting method according to the present invention, as shown in FIG.

[About pulp concentration and abrasive grain size]

In beneficiation, the slurry concentration and grinding grain size have certain effects on the beneficiation.

For slurry concentration, it is necessary to select and set the appropriate slurry concentration. If the concentration of the slurry is too high, the sorting concentration will be too high, which will seriously affect the quality of the concentrate. At this point, the concentrate particles are easily covered and wrapped by finer gangue particles and are not sorted. Causes a decrease in grade. If the concentration of the slurry is too low, the grinding cost will be greatly increased, and the mining rate will be reduced, which is not conducive to the grinding process. In addition, if the concentration of the slurry is too low, the sorting concentration is too low, the flow rate is increased, and the sorting time is relatively shortened, which causes the magnetic particles that have been selected to be selected to be unselected due to the excessive flow rate. Therefore, depending on the equipment parameters and the type of minerals, setting the corresponding slurry concentration is also one of the factors for achieving good beneficiation.

Preferably, after the primary selection, the selected first mineral is delivered to the next process in the form of a slurry. Prior to grinding, slurry concentration is required to increase grinding efficiency. Before the selection, in order to achieve a good beneficiation effect, it is necessary to add fresh water to the selection machine to dilute the slurry.

For example, the captured useful slurry flows into the slurry concentrator, and then a large amount of fresh water is added during the selection process to lower the slurry concentration.

For example, in one embodiment in accordance with the invention, the slurry concentration after slurry concentration prior to milling is in the range of 30% to 35%.

In another embodiment, the concentration of the slurry entering the finishing machine is in the range of 25% to 35% (weight percent of the mineral in the slurry), and then fresh water is added at the same time. After sorting, the slurry concentration in the first feed tank of the finishing machine can range from 30% to 40%. At the same time, the slurry concentration entering the tailings tank can be in the range of 10% to 60%.

It is also a very important factor for the particle size of the mineral material. In the magnetic separation process of the present invention, different mineral components are subjected to steps of primary selection, grinding, fineness sorting and selection. Graded to achieve good beneficiation. Metal ores are generally fine-grained and need to be ground to obtain a desired monomer dissociation degree for various useful minerals in the ore, so that the separation can be smoothly carried out.

Applicants, through their own research, obtained a set of particle size parameters that were applied to the above-described mineral sorting methods in the present disclosure to achieve good beneficiation results.

For example, in the beneficiation of magnetite according to the present invention, the primary particle size may be in the range of 60-120 mesh, and in the beneficiation more than 80 mesh. In other words, in the fineness sorting according to the present embodiment, the ore particles having a grain size of coarser than 80 mesh will be intercepted and returned to the abrasive machine for continued grinding, preferably, the mesh size is below 90, more preferably will be low. The ore particles at 120 are sorted out and returned to the abrasive for continued grinding.

It can be understood that, depending on the type of mineral, and considering the specifications and accuracy of the equipment, it is necessary to determine the concentration of the slurry and the size of the ore in the beneficiation process according to the situation. In one embodiment, the grinding apparatus can be a ball mill. The fineness of the ground mineral of the ball mill can be as high as 200 mesh. For some non-ferrous metal minerals, the fineness of the ore that is supplied to the finishing machine or the primary machine can be as high as 300 mesh.

In the sorting method according to the present invention, when the magnetite is sorted, the size of the mineral material entering the primary or selective machine should be finer than 80 mesh.

In the sorting method according to the present invention, it is also not the finer the particles of the mineral material, the better. For minerals in which iron ore is encased in impurities, it is not suitable for too fine particle size. For iron ore, the particle size of the mineral particles entering the selected machine is preferably in the range of 80 to 200 mesh, more preferably in the range of 80-120 mesh.

The mesh number referred to herein is used to define the particle size or thickness of the material and is generally defined as the number of holes in the screen within 1 square inch. The larger the mesh number, the finer the particle size of the material; the smaller the mesh size, the larger the material particle size. The sieve size is the size of the sieve through which the particles can pass through the screen, and is expressed as the number of sieve holes in the screen of 1 inch (25.4 mm) in length, and is therefore referred to as the mesh number. The number of meshes mentioned in this paper is consistent with the standards for mesh in the field of engineering technology in China (refer to the Taylor Standard Screen in the United States). For example, the correspondence between the number of meshes mentioned above and the size of the granularity is as follows:

80 mesh = 0.180 mm; 120 mesh = 1.125 mm; 200 mesh = 0.075 mm.

In addition, you need to choose the appropriate feed rate according to the actual situation. In the method according to the invention, the required feed rate can be set practically, for example 20 tons per hour (T). The maximum can be as high as 100-200 T per hour.

In the primary and selective machines according to the present invention, both the primary and the selective cylinder are made of a wear resistant material that is magnetically penetrated and does not affect the magnetic field, such as stainless steel or hard wear resistant plastic. Materials, or other suitable materials.

According to the above mineral sorting method of the present invention, minerals of different compositions mixed in the mineral material can be sorted. For example, minerals with different magnetic properties can be selected, or materials with strong magnetic properties or strong magnetic properties can be selected in the mixture (using a primary or selective machine).

Preferably, the length of the metal rod is substantially the same as the length of the magnetic field of the barrel.

Preferably, the magnetic field acting area in the primary and selective machines is greater than 6 square meters.

In an embodiment of the method according to the invention, a sorter can also be provided in the primary machine.

Preferably, in the mineral sorting method according to the present invention, the circumferential magnetic field strength of the primary cylinder in the primary machine is between about 3000 Gs (Gauss) and 6000 Gs. The magnetic field strength in the finishing machine is between 0 and 2000 Gs.

Of course, the magnetic pole strength in the concentrator (primary and selective) can be selected according to the actual situation. In the case of using an electromagnetic device to generate a magnetic field, the magnetic field strength in the primary machine can be as high as 20,000 Gs.

In the method according to the present invention, two sets of permanent magnet magnetic plates arranged in the circumferential direction of the cylinder may be employed to generate a magnetic field in the circumferential direction of the selective cylinder or the primary cylinder. Each of the magnetic plates includes a magnetic plate in which two magnetic poles correspond to each other, and the N pole and the S pole are spaced apart, and the magnetic plate may be a magnetic plate made of a permanent magnet. In other embodiments, more sets of magnetic plates, such as 3 to 10 sets of magnetic plates, may be disposed on the barrel. It will be appreciated that depending on the size of the barrel, a suitable number of magnetic plates may be placed on the primary or selective machine to create a magnetic field on the circumference of the barrel of the concentrator. The magnetic plate may also be an electromagnetic device.

Preferably, in the primary and the selection machine, a circumferential strong magnetic field may be provided at the end of the primary cylinder and/or the selective cylinder near the outlet for preventing the magnetic substance from flowing out of the primary cylinder Or select the tube. The magnetic field strength of the magnetic field is preferably greater than 4000 Gs.

The primary and secondary cartridges have a rotational speed of 5-20 rpm, preferably 8 to 15 rpm. It can be understood that the rotational speed of the primary or selective cylinder can also be other suitable rotational speeds.

In the mineral sorting method according to the present invention, when the mineral material is rotated in the selective cylinder (primary or selective cylinder), the magnetic field strength to which the mineral material is subjected may vary unevenly from 0 to 5000 GS, and As the arrangement of the magnetic plates is different, the magnetic lines of force on the outer circumference of the selection cylinder vary in the lateral and longitudinal directions.

[Beneficial effect]

By using the mineral sorting method according to the present invention, at least the following advantageous effects can be achieved:

In the actual test of the applicant, "non-magnetic iron" in the raw material can be selected.

It can make the deposition metamorphic ultra-poor iron ore Tfe (all iron) at 5.6%; mfe (magnetic iron) at 86% to select up to 66% of iron fine powder; tailings sand has only 1.1% Tfe grade; and the ore ratio is less than 20:1.

You can choose the "world problem" ultra-lean vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings. The ultra-lean vanadium-magnesium magnetite tailings re-selected iron fine powder to reach more than 65% Tfe, and the ore ratio is less than 25:1.

Metallic iron in sulfuric acid slag can be selected; it can be as high as Tfe 85%, which is much higher than the highest data of 63.3% of the most advanced screening method technology in China.

The iron fine powder can be further purified, and about 65% of the iron fine powder can reach 71.5% by using the mineral sorting method according to the present invention. Almost close to the theoretical value of ferroferric oxide 72.4%.

Some examples will be exemplified below to specify the beneficial effects and great economic benefits of the mineral sorting method according to the present invention.

Example 1

The tailings sand of the super-depleted vanadium-titanium magnetite from the ultrabasic rock mass from a certain area of Hebei Province was subjected to tailings screening using the method according to the present invention.

According to the inspection report of the inspection department: the mineral content of the above-mentioned mine tailings is as follows (total 100%): pyroxene minerals accounted for 47.59% in the tailings sand, amphibole minerals accounted for 18.53%, and feldspar minerals accounted for 14.51%, ilmenite minerals accounted for 5.87%, montmorillonite minerals accounted for 5.19%, chlorite minerals accounted for 1.75%, and illite minerals accounted for 6.55%. It can be seen that the tailings sand does not contain a single mineral of magnetite.

In the prior art tailings treatment process, there is almost no way to select iron fine powder that meets the industrial specifications from the above-mentioned ultra-lean vanadium magnetite tailings. Because of the common mineralogy, crystallization chemistry theory and the mineral processing experience in the prior art, pyroxene and amphibole, although containing iron, are "lattice iron", which is iron in silicate, sorted by physical minerals. The method is simply impossible. Ilmenite does contain iron, but iron Fe in feTiO3 accounts for only 36.8%, titanium Ti accounts for 36.6%, and the rest is 26.6% oxygen. Only 5.87% of the ilmenite in the tailings sand is theoretically almost impossible to select the iron powder that meets the industrial requirements.

However, by using the mineral sorting method according to the present invention, the inspection report of the authority indicates that the iron obtained after the above tailings is selected in the first beneficiation test using the above-described mineral sorting method of the present invention The fine powder Tfe reached 57.55%.

In the second test, the iron fine powder Tfe was selected to be 65.78%.

Example 2

A 32-ton sample was taken from the tailings of a mine to conduct a beneficiation test.

Using the mineral separation method according to the present invention, the beneficiation test results of the tailings sand of the same type of mineral industry are:

The Tfe content was 8.52%; the refined powder grade was 65.67%; the tailings Tfe grade was 3.61%; the ore dressing metal recovery rate was 60.98%, and the yield was 7.9%.

In contrast: with the same tailings sand, the best indicators obtained by the prior art selection method are:

The Tfe grade of tailings sand is 7.91%; the grade of refined powder is also 65.76%, but the recovery rate of ore dressing metal is 21.23%, and the yield is 2.46%.

It can be seen that the recovery rate of the ore dressing metal obtained by the mineral sorting method according to the present invention is 39.75% higher than the best index of 21.23%, and the yield is 5.44% higher than the current best indicator of the country at 2.46%. This means that the Tfe content in the same tailings tailings is basically the same, and the selected iron fines are 65.67%, but the processing technology of the present invention can produce more iron fines than 100 tons of tailings. 5.44 tons, more than 5,000 yuan in sales revenue, 39.75% more metals than the existing technology.

It can be seen that the beneficiation technique according to the invention has very good technical effects.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or within the technical scope of the present disclosure. Alternatives are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

A mineral sorting method, the method comprising the following steps:

The granular mineral material and water are supplied into the inner cavity of the laterally arranged primary cylinder, so that the slurry formed by mixing the mineral material and the water moves from the inlet to the outlet in the inner cavity, and the central axis of the primary cylinder is transverse Arrange

Driving the primary cylinder to rotate about its own central axis while applying a magnetic field to the inner cavity of the selection cylinder about the circumferential direction of the primary cylinder;

Precise sorting of the slurry by an elongated rod-shaped sorter disposed at a predetermined distance from the inner wall of the primary cylinder near the wall of the cylinder;

Through the magnetic field and the action of the sorter, the selected mineral in the slurry is subjected to a magnetic field during the process of ascending with the wall of the cylinder and falling due to gravity, being repeatedly stirred and combined with each other during the stirring process. Forming a magnetic group and/or a magnetic chain, after being collected into a sufficiently large magnetic group and/or magnetic chain, attached to the inner wall of the primary cylinder and moving upward with the rotation of the primary cylinder to reach the inner cavity The blanking area located above;

Other substances in the slurry other than the selected mineral enter the tail trough at the bottom of the inner cavity, and the blanking device is used to cause the selected mineral to leave the wall of the primary cylinder and fall to the receiving device, and then Leaving the primary cylinder via the first outlet,

The mineral material entering the primary cylinder has a particle size in the range of about 60 to 120 mesh.
The method of claim 1 further comprising grinding the selected mineral leaving the primary cylinder, preferably, the size of the ore after the abrasive is in the range of 80 to 150 mesh .
The method of claim 2, further comprising, after grinding the selected mineral, feeding it into a selection canister for selection, during the selection process,

The mineral material and the water are supplied to the selection machine, and the slurry formed by mixing the mineral material and the water moves from the inlet to the outlet in the interior of the selection cylinder of the selection machine, wherein the central axis of the selection cylinder of the selection machine is substantially Horizontal arrangement

While the slurry flows, driving the selective cylinder to rotate about its central axis;

Applying a magnetic field to the slurry through a magnetic field generating device disposed along the circumference of the selective cylinder The selected mineral particles in the slurry are attached to the inner wall of the selective cylinder, and the applied mineral in the slurry is repeatedly stirred in the process of ascending and falling inside the selected cylinder under the action of the magnetic field. And combined with each other during agitation to form a magnetic group and/or a magnetic chain;

Precise sorting of the slurry by an elongated rod-shaped sorter disposed at a predetermined distance from the inner wall of the cylinder to the wall;

Through the magnetic field and the action of the sorter, the selected mineral in the slurry is subjected to a magnetic field during the process of ascending with the wall of the cylinder and falling due to gravity, being repeatedly stirred and combined with each other during the stirring process. Forming a magnetic group and/or a magnetic chain, after being collected into a sufficiently large magnetic group and/or magnetic chain, attached to the inner wall of the selected cylinder and moving upward with the rotation of the selective cylinder to reach the selected cylinder a blanking area above the inner cavity;

The selected mineral particles are dropped into the receiving tank of the finishing machine through the blanking mechanism in the blanking area, and exit the finishing machine via the second outlet;

The material other than the selected mineral in the slurry enters the tailgate of the finishing machine at the bottom of the selected cylinder cavity and enters the tailings conveying system.

Wherein in the above selection process, the magnetic field strength applied in the selection cylinder is less than the magnetic field strength in the selection cylinder, preferably, the circumferential magnetic field strength of the primary cylinder is between about 3000 Gs and 6000 Gs, the selection The strength of the magnetic field in the machine is between 0 and 2000 Gs. Preferably, the concentration of the slurry in the finishing machine is in the range of 30% to 40%, and the concentration of the slurry entering the tailings is in the range of 10% to 60%.
The method of claim 3 wherein the selected ore selected material is fed to a dewatering machine for separation of minerals from water.
The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the method further comprises concentrating the slurry before the grinding, and in the process of concentrating the slurry, the impurities and water having a specific gravity lower than the effective mineral component Discard together to further increase the mineral content of the primary slurry.
The method according to claim 5, wherein the method further comprises: finely sorting the mineral material before the mineral material is selected, and returning the mineral material that does not meet the fineness requirement to the abrasive machine. Continue grinding, transfer the mineral material meeting the fineness requirement to the finishing machine, the particles with the coarse particle size of 80 mesh will be intercepted and returned to the grinding machine to continue grinding, preferably, the grain The number of meshes is less than 90 mesh, more preferably less than 120 ore is sorted out and returned to the abrasive for continued grinding.
The method according to claim 6, wherein the mineral material is magnetite, and the feed rate of the mineral material entering the primary cylinder is about 10-20 tons per hour, and the mineral material entering the finishing machine The particle size of the particles is preferably in the range of 80 to 200 mesh, more preferably in the range of 80 to 120 mesh.
The method of claim 6 further comprising delivering water and waste from the slurry concentrator, waste from the primary and secondary drums to a dry-dischar machine for dewatering.
The method of claim 6 wherein in the method, the area of magnetic field action in the primary and secondary barrels is greater than 6 square meters.
A method according to any one of claims 6-9, characterized in that the primary and secondary cylinders have a rotational speed of 5-20 rpm, preferably 8 to 15 rpm.