CN104931403B - Anisotropic rock degree of injury test device and its test method - Google Patents
Anisotropic rock degree of injury test device and its test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104931403B CN104931403B CN201510320304.0A CN201510320304A CN104931403B CN 104931403 B CN104931403 B CN 104931403B CN 201510320304 A CN201510320304 A CN 201510320304A CN 104931403 B CN104931403 B CN 104931403B
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- rock sample
- circumferential
- axial
- rock
- gas
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 206010022114 Injuries Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000007789 gases Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000036975 Permeability coefficient Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010410 layers Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001308 nitrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound 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O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006185 dispersions Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007924 injections Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000565 sealants Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 0 S1CC2CC3=[C]42C(C3CCC)[C]14=*(/C=C\C)CC Chemical compound S1CC2CC3=[C]42C(C3CCC)[C]14=*(/C=C\C)CC 0.000 description 13
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon Chemical compound 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[Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002591 computed tomography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering processes Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental methods Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous materials Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of anisotropic rock degree of injury test device and its test methods.Suitable for underground engineering Field.
Background technology
Since the secondary adjustment country rock of stress can be damaged after Underground Engineering Excavation, especially present deep underground rock Lapicide's journey is on the increase, and buried depth is increasing, and the contradiction between crustal stress and rock mass strength is more and more sharp, leads to the damage of country rock Hinder degree also to continue to increase, the presence of damage will directly influence the mechanical property of rock itself, and then influence underground engineering Monolithic stability.
Stress damage in rock is expendable, and the internal structure of rock can be caused to generate permanent change Change, these variations will cause the physico mechanical characteristic of rock to change, these variations can be measured directly, such as crack number Statistics, sonic test, acoustic emission monitor(ing), CT scan, permeability test etc..These test methods obtain in engineering practice It promotes and applies, but since rock generally has anisotropic character, causes above-mentioned measurement that can only reflect an overall impairment Degree is particularly due to the anisotropic character that stress damage will aggravate rock, and test achievement is caused to rest on mostly qualitatively Angle is unable to judge accurately damage accurate degree of injury caused by rock.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to：In view of the above problems, a kind of simple in structure, operation side is provided Just, lower-cost anisotropic rock degree of injury test device and its test method are different directly to measure damage rock The gas permeability in direction.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is：A kind of anisotropic rock degree of injury test device, for testing rock The circumferential gas permeability coefficient and axial gas infiltration coefficient of sample, the device include that the axial direction of axial to rock sample and circumferential pressurization adds Pressure device and circumferential pressue device, rock sample centre have central bore, it is characterised in that：The device also has pressurization disk, closed Sleeve, force (forcing) pump, tank, pressure gauge and buret, are cased with the closed sleeve coaxial with rock sample on the rock sample, rock sample it is upper Lower to be lined with pressurization disk between both ends and axial pressurizing device, the force (forcing) pump is connected to rock sample lower end through air inlet pipe, rock sample upper end according to It is secondary to be connected in tank through escape pipe and buret, pressure gauge is connected on escape pipe；
When testing circumferential gas permeability coefficient, the pressurization disk is seal disc, and the seal disc in rock sample upper end adds with axial Filling top hole dielectric layer between pressure device, fills lateral apertures dielectric layer, and lateral apertures between closed sleeve and rock sample It is connected with top hole dielectric layer at the top of dielectric layer；The gas outlet of the air inlet pipe passes through the seal disc of rock sample lower end to be connected to The central bore of rock sample, escape pipe air inlet connection top hole dielectric layer；
When testing axial gas infiltration coefficient, the pressurization disk is ventilation platen, and silicon is filled between closed sleeve and rock sample Glue sealant, the central bore of the rock sample is interior to fill silica gel；The ventilation pressure of the gas outlet connection rock sample lower end of the air inlet pipe Disk, the ventilation platen of escape pipe air inlet connection upper end.
The top hole dielectric layer and lateral apertures dielectric layer are filled by the good grains of sand of grading to be formed.
A kind of method that application apparatus is tested, it is characterised in that steps are as follows：
1, coring：Core is taken out in Excavation damage zone, and is drilled therebetween, as rock sample；
2, circumferential gas permeability coefficient test：
2.1, rock sample is packed into corresponding intrument；
2.2, axial pressurizing device and circumferential pressue device are forced into setting value to rock sample；
2.3, it opens force (forcing) pump and is passed through nitrogen in the central bore of rock sample；
2.3, real-time recording manometer and buret reading；
3, axial gas infiltration coefficient is tested：
3.1, silica gel is filled in rock sample central bore；
3.2, rock sample is packed into corresponding intrument；
3.3, axial pressurizing device and circumferential pressue device are forced into setting value to rock sample；
3.4, it opens force (forcing) pump and injects nitrogen in the central bore of rock sample；
3.5, real-time recording manometer and buret reading；
4, as follows according to recorded and infiltration coefficient calculation formula calculation permeability coefficient, calculation formula：
In formula, K is infiltration coefficient (m2), Q is gas flow rate (m3/ s), μ is gas viscosity (Pas), and L is experiment rock Sample length (m), A are the area of section (m of rock sample2), P0It is injection gas pressure (Pa) for atmospheric pressure (Pa), P.
5, settling time-infiltration coefficient, circumferential pressure-circumferential direction infiltration coefficient, axial compressive force-axial dispersion coefficient expression are closed It is formula.
The nitrogen pressure of injection is 0.2MPa, and load circumferential pressure is 2~30MPa, and axial compressive force pressure is less than uniaxial compressive The 60% of intensity, a testing time are 3~4 days.
Coring boring direction is vertical with structural plane.
The rock sample size is 200 × 100mm, and bore size is 100 × 50mm.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：It is the configuration of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, the gas permeability coefficient measured is converged Always, obtain different circumferential pressures, axially different pressure, different time infiltration coefficient, and respectively settling time-infiltration coefficient, Circumferential pressure-circumferential direction infiltration coefficient, axial compressive force-axial dispersion coefficient express relational expression, disclose infiltration coefficient drilling at any time The influence of change relationship and pressure to infiltration coefficient is damage journey of the anisotropic rock under different time, different stress conditions Degree judges to provide most direct experimental data.The present invention directly evaluates the degree of injury of rock, can reflect rock it is each to Anisotropic feature, experimental provision are simple, easily operated, it is only necessary to are transformed to existing loading equipemtn, save laboratory apparatus and throw Money, and can be recycled and later stage other type experiments.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic device that circumferential gas permeability coefficient is tested in embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the schematic device that axial gas infiltration coefficient is tested in embodiment.
Specific implementation mode
The present embodiment is a kind of anisotropic rock degree of injury test device, including axial pressurizing device 3, circumferential pressurization Device 2, pressurization disk, closed sleeve 13, force (forcing) pump 4, into and out of tracheae 5,6, tank 8, pressure gauge 9 and buret 7, the device It can be respectively used to the circumferential gas permeability coefficient and axial gas infiltration coefficient of test rock sample 1 (with central bore 101).
Fig. 1 is the test device of the circumferential gas permeability coefficient for testing rock sample 1, and rock sample 1 is placed in circumferential pressue device 2 Interior, circumferential pressue device applies circumferential pressure to rock sample, and 1 upper and lower ends of rock sample are equipped with axial pressurizing device 3, applies axis for rock sample To pressure.This example is equipped with pressurization disk between rock sample lower end and axial pressurizing device, between rock sample upper end and axial pressurizing device It is sequentially provided with pressurization disk and top hole dielectric layer 11, pressurization disk is using close in circumferential device for testing permeability coefficient Closing disk 10 prevents gas from being leaked from 1 both ends of rock sample.The closed sleeve 13 coaxially arranged with rock sample there are one sets on rock sample 1, Lateral apertures dielectric layer 12 is set in the gap between closed sleeve 13 and rock sample, lateral apertures dielectric layer top 12 and top Pore media layer 11 is connected.Force (forcing) pump 4 connects air inlet pipe 5, and the gas outlet of air inlet pipe passes through the seal disc 10 of rock sample lower end It is connected to the central bore 101 of rock sample, top hole dielectric layer 11 is connected in tank 8 through escape pipe 6 and buret 7, goes out successively Tracheae 6 is equipped with pressure gauge 9.Top hole dielectric layer 11 and lateral apertures dielectric layer 12 fill shape by the good grains of sand of grading At being conducive to the transmission of stress and the flowing of gas.Top hole dielectric layer 11 and lateral apertures dielectric layer 12 form one Enter from bottom, both sides are overflowed, and the circumferential air ventilation passage finally flowed out from top can directly test the circumferential direction of rock sample 1 Gas permeability coefficient.
Fig. 2 is the test device of the axial gas infiltration coefficient for testing rock sample 1, and rock sample 1 is placed in circumferential pressue device 2 Interior, circumferential pressue device applies circumferential pressure to rock sample, and 1 upper and lower ends of rock sample are equipped with axial pressurizing device 3, applies axis for rock sample To pressure.Pressurization disk is equipped between rock sample upper/lower terminal and axial pressurizing device 3, in axial dispersion coefficient testing device Pressurization disk is conducive to the transmission of stress and the flowing of gas using ventilation platen 15, ventilation platen 15.In rock sample 1 in the present embodiment Upper set is there are one the closed sleeve 13 coaxially arranged with rock sample, and setting silica gel is close in the gap between closed sleeve 13 and rock sample Sealing 14 (is filled by silica gel and is formed), prevents gas from being overflowed from side；Silica gel is filled in the central bore 101 of rock sample 1.The dress It sets middle force (forcing) pump 4 and connects air inlet pipe 5, the ventilation platen 15 of the gas outlet connection rock sample lower end of air inlet pipe, the ventilation of rock sample upper end Platen 15 is connected to through escape pipe 6 and buret 7 in tank 8 successively, and escape pipe 6 is equipped with pressure gauge 9.Ventilation platen 15 and silicon Glue sealant 14 forms an axial gas circulation passage for entering from rock sample bottom, being flowed out at the top of rock sample, can directly test The axial gas infiltration coefficient of rock sample 1.
The test method of the present embodiment is as follows：
1, coring：Core is taken out in Excavation damage zone, core size is greater than 100 × 50mm, it is proposed that size be 200 × 100mm, to facilitate the processing in later stage.Coring boring direction is preferably vertical with structural plane holding, to reduce structural plane to rock object Manage the influence of mechanical characteristic.200 × 100mm cores of taking-up are drilled in centre, bore size is 100 × 50mm, is made For rock sample 1；
2, circumferential gas permeability coefficient test：
2.1, rock sample 1 is packed into the test device of circumferential gas permeability coefficient；
2.2, axial pressurizing device 3 and circumferential pressue device 2 are forced into setting value to rock sample 1；
2.3, it opens force (forcing) pump 4 and injects nitrogen in the central bore 101 of rock sample 1；
2.3, real-time recording manometer 9 and buret 7 are read；
3, axial gas infiltration coefficient is tested：
3.1, silica gel is filled in rock sample central bore 101；
3.2, rock sample 1 is packed into the test device of axial gas infiltration coefficient；
3.3, axial pressurizing device 3 and circumferential pressue device 2 are forced into setting value to rock sample；
3.4, it opens force (forcing) pump 4 and injects nitrogen in the central bore of rock sample；
3.5, real-time recording manometer 9 and buret 7 are read；
4, as follows according to recorded and infiltration coefficient calculation formula calculation permeability coefficient, calculation formula：
In formula, K is infiltration coefficient (m2), Q is gas flow rate (m3/ s) (being calculated by the data of step 2,3 records), μ For gas viscosity (Pas), L is experiment rock sample length (m), and A is the area of section (m of rock sample2), P0For atmospheric pressure (Pa), P is injection gas pressure (Pa).
5, settling time-infiltration coefficient, circumferential pressure-circumferential direction infiltration coefficient, axial compressive force-axial dispersion coefficient expression are closed It is formula.
The nitrogen pressure injected in the present embodiment is 0.2MPa, and load circumferential pressure is 2~30MPa, and axial compressive force pressure is not More than the 60% of uniaxial compressive strength, one time testing time is 3~4 days.
Claims (5)
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| CN106769769B (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2020-02-14 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Rock pressurization imbibition device |
| CN106841000B (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2019-12-27 | 四川大学 | Sample assembly for radial permeability test of ultra-low permeability rock and test method thereof |
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