CN104931403A - Anisotropic rock damage degree test device and test method thereof - Google Patents
Anisotropic rock damage degree test device and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104931403A CN104931403A CN201510320304.0A CN201510320304A CN104931403A CN 104931403 A CN104931403 A CN 104931403A CN 201510320304 A CN201510320304 A CN 201510320304A CN 104931403 A CN104931403 A CN 104931403A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an anisotropic rock damage degree test device and a test method thereof, and aims to provide the anisotropic rock damage degree test device which is simple in structure, convenient to operate and lower in cost, as well as the test method of the test device, so as to directly measure the gas permeability of the damaged rock in different directions. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the device is used for testing a circumferential gas permeability coefficient and an axial gas permeability coefficient of a rock sample, and includes an axial pressure device and a circumferential pressure device which are used for applying pressure on the rock sample in the axial and circumferential directions respectively; an intermediate drilling hole is formed in the middle of the rock sample; the device also includes pressure plates, a closed sleeve, a pressure pump, a water storage container, a pressure gauge and a measuring tube; the closed sleeve sleeves the rock sample in a co-axial manner; the pressure plates are arranged between the axial pressure device and the upper and lower ends of the rock sample; the pressure pump is connected to the lower end of the rock sample through an air inlet pipe; the upper end of the rock sample is connected to the interior of the water storage container via an air outlet pipe and the measuring tube sequentially; the pressure gauge is connected onto the air outlet pipe. The anisotropic rock damage degree test device and the test method, provided by the invention, are applicable to the field of underground engineering.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of anisotropic rock degree of injury proving installation and method of testing thereof.Be applicable to underground engineering field.
Background technology
Secondary adjustment country rock due to stress after Underground Engineering Excavation can sustain damage, particularly deep underground rock project is on the increase now, buried depth is increasing, contradiction between terrestrial stress and rock mass strength is more and more sharp-pointed, the degree of injury of country rock is caused also to continue to increase, the existence of damage will directly have influence on the mechanical property of rock itself, and then affects the monolithic stability of underground works.
Stress damage in rock is expendable, and the inner structure of rock can be caused to produce permanent change, these changes will cause the physico mechanical characteristic of rock to change, these changes can directly be measured, as crack number statistics, sonic test, acoustic emission monitor(ing), CT scan, permeability test etc.These method of testings have obtained and have applied in engineering practice, but because rock generally has anisotropic character, cause above-mentioned measurement can only reflect an overall impairment degree, especially because stress damage is by the anisotropic character of aggravation rock, cause test achievement mostly to rest on angle qualitatively, cannot accurately judge to damage the accurate degree of injury caused rock.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: for above-mentioned Problems existing, there is provided a kind of structure simple, easy to operate, lower-cost anisotropic rock degree of injury proving installation and method of testing thereof, directly to measure the gas permeability of damage rock different directions.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of anisotropic rock degree of injury proving installation, for testing hoop gas permeability coefficient and the axial gas infiltration coefficient of rock sample, this device comprise to rock sample axis and hoop pressurization axial pressurizing device and hoop pressue device, in the middle of rock sample, there is central bore, it is characterized in that: this device also has pressurization disk, closed sleeve, force (forcing) pump, tank, tensimeter and buret, on described rock sample, cover has the closed sleeve coaxial with rock sample, rock sample be lined with pressurization disk between two ends and axial pressurizing device up and down, described force (forcing) pump is connected to rock sample lower end through draft tube, rock sample upper end is connected in tank through escape pipe and buret successively, escape pipe is connected to tensimeter,
When test wrapper is to gas permeability coefficient, described pressurization disk is sealing pad, top hole dielectric layer is filled between the sealing pad and axial pressurizing device of rock sample upper end, fill lateral apertures dielectric layer between closed sleeve and rock sample, and lateral apertures dielectric layer top is connected with top hole dielectric layer; The central bore of the sealing pad connection rock sample of rock sample lower end is passed in the gas outlet of described draft tube, and described escape pipe air intake opening is communicated with top hole dielectric layer;
During test axial gas infiltration coefficient, described pressurization disk is ventilation platen, filling gel sealant between closed sleeve and rock sample, filling silica gel in the central bore of described rock sample; The gas outlet of described draft tube is communicated with the ventilation platen of rock sample lower end, and described escape pipe air intake opening is communicated with the ventilation platen of upper end.
Described top hole dielectric layer and lateral apertures dielectric layer are formed by the grains of sand filling that grating is good.
Application apparatus carries out a method of testing, and it is characterized in that step is as follows:
1, get core: in Excavation damage zone, take out core, and hole therebetween, as rock sample;
2, hoop gas permeability coefficient test:
2.1, rock sample is loaded corresponding intrument;
2.2, axial pressurizing device and hoop pressue device are forced into setting value to rock sample;
2.3, open force (forcing) pump and pass into nitrogen in the central bore of rock sample;
2.3, real time record tensimeter and buret reading;
3, axial gas infiltration coefficient test:
3.1, filling silica gel in rock sample central bore;
3.2, rock sample is loaded corresponding intrument;
3.3, axial pressurizing device and hoop pressue device are forced into setting value to rock sample;
3.4, force (forcing) pump is opened toward nitrogen injection in the central bore of rock sample;
3.5, real time record tensimeter and buret reading;
4, according to recorded and infiltration coefficient computing formula calculation permeability coefficient, computing formula is as follows:
In formula, K is infiltration coefficient (m
2), Q is gas flow rate (m
3/ s), μ is gas viscosity (Pas), L is test rock sample length (m), and A is the area of section (m of rock sample
2), P
0for atmospheric pressure (Pa), P is injecting gas pressure (Pa).
5, Time Created-infiltration coefficient, circumferential pressure-hoop infiltration coefficient, axle pressure-axial dispersion coefficient express relational expression.
The nitrogen pressure injected is 0.2MPa, and loading circumferential pressure is 2 ~ 30MPa, and axle pressure pressure is less than 60% of uniaxial compressive strength, and a test duration is 3 ~ 4 days.
Direction, core drill hole is vertical with structural plane.
Described rock sample is of a size of 200 × 100mm, and bore size is 100 × 50mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: structure of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, the gas permeability coefficient measured is gathered, obtain the infiltration coefficient of different circumferential pressure, axially different pressure, different time, and respectively Time Created-infiltration coefficient, circumferential pressure-hoop infiltration coefficient, axle pressure-axial dispersion coefficient express relational expression, disclose infiltration coefficient Evolvement in time and pressure to the impact of infiltration coefficient, for the degree of injury of anisotropic rock under different time, different stress condition judges to provide the most direct experimental data.The present invention directly evaluates the degree of injury of rock, the anisotropic character of rock can be reflected, experimental provision is simple, be easy to operation, only need to transform existing loading equipemtn, saving experimental apparatus is invested, and can carry out recycling and later stage other type experiment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be in embodiment test wrapper to the device schematic diagram of gas permeability coefficient.
Fig. 2 is the device schematic diagram testing axial gas infiltration coefficient in embodiment.
Embodiment
The present embodiment is a kind of anisotropic rock degree of injury proving installation, comprise axial pressurizing device 3, hoop pressue device 2, pressurization disk, closed sleeve 13, force (forcing) pump 4, into and out of tracheae 5,6, tank 8, tensimeter 9 and buret 7, this device can be respectively used to hoop gas permeability coefficient and the axial gas infiltration coefficient of testing rock sample 1 (having central bore 101).
Fig. 1 is the proving installation of the hoop gas permeability coefficient for testing rock sample 1, and rock sample 1 is placed in hoop pressue device 2, and hoop pressue device applies circumferential pressure to rock sample, and rock sample about 1 two ends are provided with axial pressurizing device 3, for rock sample applies axle pressure.This example is provided with pressurization disk between rock sample lower end and axial pressurizing device, pressurization disk and top hole dielectric layer 11 is from bottom to top provided with successively between rock sample upper end and axial pressurizing device, in hoop device for testing permeability coefficient, pressurization disk adopts sealing pad 10, prevents gas from leaking from rock sample 1 two ends.On rock sample 1, cover has a closed sleeve 13 coaxially arranged with rock sample, and arrange lateral apertures dielectric layer 12 in the space between closed sleeve 13 and rock sample, this lateral apertures dielectric layer top 12 is connected with top hole dielectric layer 11.Force (forcing) pump 4 connects draft tube 5, and the gas outlet of draft tube is communicated with the central bore 101 of rock sample through the sealing pad 10 of rock sample lower end, and top hole dielectric layer 11 is connected in tank 8 through escape pipe 6 and buret 7 successively, and escape pipe 6 is provided with tensimeter 9.Top hole dielectric layer 11 and lateral apertures dielectric layer 12 are formed by the grains of sand filling that grating is good, are conducive to stressed transmission and the flowing of gas.Top hole dielectric layer 11 and lateral apertures dielectric layer 12 define one and enter from bottom, and both sides are overflowed, and the hoop air ventilation passage finally flowed out from top, directly can test the hoop gas permeability coefficient of rock sample 1.
Fig. 2 is the proving installation of the axial gas infiltration coefficient for testing rock sample 1, and rock sample 1 is placed in hoop pressue device 2, and hoop pressue device applies circumferential pressure to rock sample, and rock sample about 1 two ends are provided with axial pressurizing device 3, for rock sample applies axle pressure.Between rock sample upper/lower terminal and axial pressurizing device 3, be provided with pressurization disk, in axial dispersion coefficient testing device, pressurization disk adopts ventilation platen 15, and ventilation platen 15 is conducive to stressed transmission and the flowing of gas.In the present embodiment, on rock sample 1, cover has a closed sleeve 13 coaxially arranged with rock sample, arranges silica gel sealing layer 14 (being formed by silica gel filling), prevent gas from overflowing from the side in the space between closed sleeve 13 and rock sample; Filling silica gel in the central bore 101 of rock sample 1.In this device, force (forcing) pump 4 connects draft tube 5, and the gas outlet of draft tube is communicated with the ventilation platen 15 of rock sample lower end, and the ventilation platen 15 of rock sample upper end is connected in tank 8 through escape pipe 6 and buret 7 successively, and escape pipe 6 is provided with tensimeter 9.Ventilation platen 15 and silica gel sealing layer 14 form the axial gas circulation passage that enters bottom rock sample, rock sample top is flowed out, and directly can test the axial gas infiltration coefficient of rock sample 1.
The method of testing of the present embodiment is as follows:
1, get core: in Excavation damage zone, take out core, core size is greater than 100 × 50mm, and suggestion is of a size of 200 × 100mm, to facilitate the processing in later stage.Direction, core drill hole preferably keeps vertical with structural plane, to reduce the impact of structural plane on rock physics mechanical characteristic.Holed in centre by the 200 × 100mm core taken out, bore size is 100 × 50mm, as rock sample 1;
2, hoop gas permeability coefficient test:
2.1, rock sample 1 is loaded the proving installation of hoop gas permeability coefficient;
2.2, axial pressurizing device 3 and hoop pressue device 2 pairs of rock samples 1 are forced into setting value;
2.3, force (forcing) pump 4 is opened toward nitrogen injection in the central bore 101 of rock sample 1;
2.3, real time record tensimeter 9 and buret 7 reading;
3, axial gas infiltration coefficient test:
3.1, toward filling silica gel in rock sample central bore 101;
3.2, rock sample 1 is loaded the proving installation of axial gas infiltration coefficient;
3.3, axial pressurizing device 3 and hoop pressue device 2 pairs of rock samples are forced into setting value;
3.4, force (forcing) pump 4 is opened toward nitrogen injection in the central bore of rock sample;
3.5, real time record tensimeter 9 and buret 7 reading;
4, according to recorded and infiltration coefficient computing formula calculation permeability coefficient, computing formula is as follows:
In formula, K is infiltration coefficient (m
2), Q is gas flow rate (m
3/ s) (being calculated by the data of step 2,3 records), μ is gas viscosity (Pas), L is test rock sample length (m), and A is the area of section (m of rock sample
2), P
0for atmospheric pressure (Pa), P is injecting gas pressure (Pa).
5, Time Created-infiltration coefficient, circumferential pressure-hoop infiltration coefficient, axle pressure-axial dispersion coefficient express relational expression.
The nitrogen pressure injected in the present embodiment is 0.2MPa, and loading circumferential pressure is 2 ~ 30MPa, and axle pressure pressure is no more than 60% of uniaxial compressive strength, and a test duration is 3 ~ 4 days.
Claims (6)
1. an anisotropic rock degree of injury proving installation, for testing hoop gas permeability coefficient and the axial gas infiltration coefficient of rock sample (1), this device comprise to rock sample axis and hoop pressurization axial pressurizing device (3) and hoop pressue device (2), in the middle of rock sample, there is central bore (101), it is characterized in that: this device also has pressurization disk, closed sleeve (13), force (forcing) pump (4), enter, escape pipe (5, 6), tank (8), tensimeter (9) and buret (7), the upper cover of described rock sample (1) has the closed sleeve (13) coaxial with rock sample, rock sample be lined with pressurization disk between two ends and axial pressurizing device up and down, described force (forcing) pump (4) is connected to rock sample lower end through draft tube (5), rock sample upper end is connected in tank (8) through escape pipe (6) and buret (7) successively, escape pipe is connected to tensimeter (9),
When test wrapper is to gas permeability coefficient, described pressurization disk is sealing pad (10), top hole dielectric layer (11) is filled between the sealing pad and axial pressurizing device of rock sample upper end, fill lateral apertures dielectric layer (12) between closed sleeve and rock sample, and lateral apertures dielectric layer top (12) is connected with top hole dielectric layer (11); The central bore of sealing pad (10) the connection rock sample of rock sample lower end is passed in the gas outlet of described draft tube (5), and described escape pipe (6) air intake opening is communicated with top hole dielectric layer (11);
During test axial gas infiltration coefficient, described pressurization disk is ventilation platen (15), filling gel sealant (14) between closed sleeve and rock sample, the interior filling silica gel of central bore (101) of described rock sample; The gas outlet of described draft tube (5) is communicated with the ventilation platen (15) of rock sample lower end, and described escape pipe (6) air intake opening is communicated with the ventilation platen (15) of upper end.
2. anisotropic rock degree of injury proving installation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described top hole dielectric layer (11) and lateral apertures dielectric layer (12) are formed by the grains of sand filling that grating is good.
3. application rights requires that described in 1, device carries out a method of testing, and is characterized in that step is as follows:
3.1, get core: in Excavation damage zone, take out core, and hole therebetween, as rock sample (1);
3.2, hoop gas permeability coefficient test:
3.2.1, rock sample (1) is loaded corresponding intrument;
3.2.2, axial pressurizing device (3) and hoop pressue device (2) are forced into setting value to rock sample (1);
3.2.3 central bore (101) the interior nitrogen injection of force (forcing) pump (4) toward rock sample (1), is opened;
3.2.3, real time record tensimeter (9) and buret (7) reading;
3.3, axial gas infiltration coefficient test:
3.3.1, the interior filling silica gel of rock sample central bore (101);
3.3.2, rock sample (1) is loaded corresponding intrument;
3.3.3, axial pressurizing device (3) and hoop pressue device (2) are forced into setting value to rock sample;
3.3.4 force (forcing) pump (4), is opened toward nitrogen injection in the central bore of rock sample;
3.3.5, real time record tensimeter (9) and buret (7) reading;
3.4, according to recorded and infiltration coefficient computing formula calculation permeability coefficient, computing formula is as follows:
In formula, K is infiltration coefficient (m
2), Q is gas flow rate (m
3/ s), μ is gas viscosity (Pas), L is test rock sample length (m), and A is the area of section (m of rock sample
2), P
0for atmospheric pressure (Pa), P is injecting gas pressure (Pa).
3.5, Time Created-infiltration coefficient, circumferential pressure-hoop infiltration coefficient, axle pressure-axial dispersion coefficient express relational expression.
4. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the nitrogen pressure of injection is 0.2MPa, and loading circumferential pressure is 2 ~ 30MPa, and axle pressure pressure is less than 60% of uniaxial compressive strength, and a test duration is 3 ~ 4 days.
5. according to claim 3 or 4 method, it is characterized in that: direction, core drill hole is vertical with structural plane.
6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described rock sample (1) is of a size of 200 × 100mm, and bore size is 100 × 50mm.
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| CN201510320304.0A CN104931403B (en) | 2015-06-11 | 2015-06-11 | Anisotropic rock degree of injury test device and its test method |
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| CN201510320304.0A CN104931403B (en) | 2015-06-11 | 2015-06-11 | Anisotropic rock degree of injury test device and its test method |
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| WO2018129920A1 (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2018-07-19 | 四川大学 | Sample component for radial permeability test of rock having extra-low permeability and test method therefor |
| CN110595982A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2019-12-20 | 贵州大学 | Testing device and calculating method for anisotropic permeability of rock gas |
| CN111351741A (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-06-30 | 中国海洋大学 | Ocean sediment gas permeability anisotropy testing device and using method |
| CN116256300A (en) * | 2023-05-08 | 2023-06-13 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Device and method for evaluating damage of high-temperature and high-humidity gas to surrounding rock pore structure |
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Cited By (7)
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| CN111351741A (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-06-30 | 中国海洋大学 | Ocean sediment gas permeability anisotropy testing device and using method |
| CN116256300A (en) * | 2023-05-08 | 2023-06-13 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Device and method for evaluating damage of high-temperature and high-humidity gas to surrounding rock pore structure |
| CN116256300B (en) * | 2023-05-08 | 2023-10-13 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Device and method for evaluating damage of high-temperature and high-humidity gas to surrounding rock pore structure |
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