CN104926907B - 天然甜味剂c-21甾体皂苷类化合物及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
天然甜味剂c-21甾体皂苷类化合物及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
提供一类结构式(I)所示的C‑21甾体皂苷类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐，这类化合物的组合物，以及含这类化合物的植物提取物，它们的制备方法，以及它们在甜味剂领域、制备止咳祛痰药物中的应用。本发明在对云南民间特色药食兼用植物的研究中发现，翅果藤具有明显的甜味，通过味觉活性追踪分离，从翅果藤中发现了一系列新的高甜度甾体皂苷类化合物。经过药理试验，含它们的提取物还具有止咳祛痰方面的活性。
Description
技术领域：
本发明属于甜味剂和天然药物化学领域，具体地，涉及一类新的如式(I)所示的C-21甾体皂苷类化合物、其衍生物、有机和无机酸盐，含有它们的组合物及翅果藤植物提取物，其制备方法，以及它们在食品、饮料、保健品和药品中的应用。
背景技术：
人类可以感觉至少五种基本味觉，包括甜味、鲜味、苦味、咸味和酸味，其中甜味、鲜味和苦味在人们对食物的接受中具有重要作用。由于一些医学的原因，甜味在味觉中具有核心的作用。当今越来越多的人患有的某些疾病，如糖尿病、心血管疾病、肥胖、高脂血症、龋齿等，或多或少都与蔗糖的过量摄入有关。因此寻找高甜度低热量或非营养性的蔗糖替代物引起了人们的极大兴趣。
随着人民生活水平的提高，被称为“富贵病”、“现代病”的糖尿病在我国的发病率也在不断上升。据2010年发表在《新英格兰医学杂志》上的数据显示，中国现有9240万成人患有糖尿病，是世界上糖尿病人数最多的国家。糖尿病是一种慢性代谢性疾病，其发病原因比较复杂，病程较长，并发症较多，治疗也需要较长时间。这就意味着糖尿病患者长期不能吃糖，这些患者想吃的甜味食品必须是非糖类的。世界范围无糖食品和饮料的发展速度很快，发展潜力很大，在这背后就是非糖类甜味剂市场的迅猛发展。甜味剂是当今世界各国食品添加剂行业研究的一项重要内容，特别是无热量、非营养性高甜度甜味剂，是各国科学家研究最多的一个领域。
高倍甜味剂包括人工合成化合物以及天然化合物、天然化合物的衍生物。目前使用的合成甜味剂主要有：安赛蜜(acesulfame-K)、阿斯巴甜(aspartame)、纽甜(neotame)、糖精(saccharin)、三氯蔗糖(sucralose)、阿力甜(alitame)、甜蜜素(cyclamate)等，合成类高倍甜味剂具有显著的缺点，除了部分合成产品的甜味不够纯正，带有不同程度的苦涩味、金属后味或异味，与蔗糖风味相比有一定的差距外，一些化学合成的甜味剂在安全性方面也存在不少问题。例如，糖精由于对人体健康潜在的不良影响，许多国家，特别是发达国家，都相继出台了相应的管理措施，限制糖精的使用量。广泛使用的阿斯巴甜由于主要代谢产物苯丙氨酸的形成使得有苯丙酮尿症患者就不能食用。美国由于担心安全性问题已不再使用甜蜜素。近年来，许多国家都相继出台对化学合成甜味剂的管理措施。我国规定，凡使用非营养性高倍甜味剂如糖精、甜蜜素等，均不得超过GB2760((食品添加剂使用卫生标准)所规定的使用范围和用量，并严禁在婴幼儿食品中使用上述化学合成甜味剂。
由于化学合成甜味剂对人体健康可能的不良影响，以及随着国民经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高，人们对健康食品、天然食品添加剂及香料日益增长的需求，寻找和开发利用天然甜味剂具有重要意义。而且一些天然甜味化合物除具有甜味或香味可作为食品添加剂或食用香料外，还具有一定的药用及保健作用。包括：降血糖、降血脂对高血压、糖尿病、肥胖症具有一定治疗作用，抗癌作用、抗炎作用、止咳祛痰的功效；增强免疫、清除自由基及抗氧化活性等。因此，寻找新的甜味植物资源及其所含的高效甜味成分仍然是天然甜味剂研究的重要内容，而口感好、多功能(尤其是在保健、疾病防御方面)是其发展方向。
萝藦科翅果藤属植物翅果藤(Myriopteron extensum(Wight&Arn.)K.Schum)的根可药用，具有消炎、润肺、止咳的功效；全株可治肺结核。目前对翅果藤的研究较少，仅报导了其提取物的乙酸乙酯、正丁醇部位具有细胞毒活性；从该植物中分离到7个常见化合物及2个新的强心苷类甾体化合物，extensumside A和extensumside B，其中一个具有细胞毒活性。
目前现有技术中未见翅果藤果的化学成分的研究的报道，也没有活性方面，例如甜味方面或止咳祛痰方面的报道。
发明内容：
本发明的目的在于，提供一类新结构的高甜度C-21甾体皂苷类化合物，这类化合物的组合物，以及含这类化合物的植物提取物，它们的制备方法，以及它们在甜味剂领域、制备止咳祛痰药物中的应用。本发明在对云南民间特色药食兼用植物的研究中发现，翅果藤具有明显的甜味，通过味觉活性追踪分离，从翅果藤中发现了一系列新的高甜度甾体皂苷类化合物。
为了实现本发明的上述目的，本发明提供了如下的技术方案：
下述结构式所述的C-21甾体皂苷类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐，
R1为去氧糖链，糖链组成：最内侧与母核相连的糖为黄花夹竹桃糖基
(D-The)，最外侧连在去氧糖链末端的基团为3-甲基-2-丁烯酰基，糖链中间为加拿大麻糖基(D-Cym)、夹竹桃糖基(D-Ole)和洋地黄毒糖基(D-Dig)中的任意2个。
R2为葡萄糖链，糖链组成：2至4个葡萄糖基。
上述3-甲基-2-丁烯酰基的结构如下：
根据所述的C-21甾体皂苷类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐，其中所述的C-21甾体皂苷类化合物为下述结构式所示的化合物1～10，
本发明同时提供了从翅果藤植物中提取到的甜味提取物，由下述方法制备而得：将翅果藤植物的果、茎、叶或根阴干粉碎到20目，用甲醇和60％的甲醇-水或乙醇和60％的乙醇-水冷浸或回流各提取三次，合并提取液浓缩至仅剩水时经石油醚萃取后的水相部分或是氯仿或乙酸乙酯萃取物经大孔树脂柱层析，用50％、70％甲醇-水、纯甲醇洗脱，其中纯甲醇洗脱段浓缩得翅果藤甜味提取物。
同时提供了一种翅果藤甜味提取物，其包含基于该提取物总重量为5wt％～80wt％的上述的C-21甾体皂苷类化合物1～10。
以及，所述的翅果藤甜味提取物的制备方法，将翅果藤植物的果、茎、叶或根阴干粉碎到20目，用甲醇和60％的甲醇-水或乙醇和60％的乙醇-水冷浸或回流各提取三次，合并提取液浓缩至仅剩水时经石油醚萃取后的水相部分或是氯仿或乙酸乙酯萃取物经大孔树脂柱层析，用50％、70％甲醇-水、纯甲醇洗脱，其中纯甲醇洗脱段浓缩得翅果藤提取物。
以及，所述的C-21甾体皂苷类化合物的制备方法，将翅果藤植物的果、茎、叶或根阴干粉碎到20目，用甲醇和60％的甲醇-水或乙醇和60％的乙醇-水冷浸或回流各提取三次，合并提取液浓缩至仅剩水时经石油醚萃取后的水相部分或是氯仿或乙酸乙酯萃取物经大孔树脂柱层析，用50％、70％甲醇-水、纯甲醇洗脱，其中纯甲醇洗脱段浓缩后即为甜味总皂苷，甜味总皂苷经反复正相硅胶柱层析、反相硅胶中压柱层析、并经HPLC纯化而得。
本发明还提供了甜味剂组合物，含有上述的C-21甾体皂苷类化合物或翅果藤甜味提取物，或所述的甾体皂苷类化合物或翅果藤甜味提取物两种或两种以上混合，或与其他辅料混合。
以及，上述的C-21甾体皂苷类化合物或翅果藤甜味提取物用作为甜味剂。
以及，所述的甜味剂组合物在制备食品、饮料、保健品或药品中的应用。
本发明另外还提供了药物组合物，其中含有治疗有效量的上述的C-21甾体皂苷类化合物或翅果藤提取物和药学上可接受的载体。
以及，所述的C-21甾体皂苷类化合物或翅果藤甜味提取物在制备食品、饮料、保健品或药品中的应用。
在上述的C-21甾体皂苷类化合物或其可药学上可接受的盐中，所述的药学上可接受的盐，包括与有机酸或无机酸形成的盐，所述的有机酸为酒石酸、柠檬酸、甲酸、乙酸、乙二酸、丁酸、草酸、马来酸、琥珀酸、己二酸、藻酸、柠檬酸、天冬氨酸、苯苯磺酸、樟脑酸、樟脑磺酸、二葡糖酸、环戊烷丙酸、十二烷基硫酸、乙磺酸、葡庚糖酸、甘油磷酸、半硫酸、庚酸、己酸、延胡索酸、2-羟基乙磺酸、乳酸、马来酸、甲磺酸、烟酸、2-萘磺酸、扑酸、果胶酯酸、3-苯基丙酸、苦味酸、新戊酸、丙酸、琥珀酸、酒石酸、硫代氰酸、对-甲苯磺酸盐和十一烷酸盐；所述的无机酸为盐酸、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、硫酸或磷酸。
本发明上述的C-21甾体皂苷类化合物或翅果藤甜味提取物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备镇咳保健品或药品中的应用。
本发明的药物组合物优选含有重量比为0.1％～99.5％的活性成分，最优选含有重量比为10％～20％的活性成分。
本发明在对云南民间特色药食兼用植物的研究中发现，翅果藤具有明显的甜味，通过味觉活性追踪分离，从翅果藤中发现了一系列新的高甜度甾体皂苷类化合物。
本发明以3,16-二羟基孕甾-5-烯-20-酮(pregn-5-en-20-one-3,16-diol)为母核的化合物包括含有母核结构3,16-二羟基孕甾-5-烯-20-酮的修饰物和衍生物，包括：化合物的苷元以及带有不同数目和结构的葡萄糖和去氧糖的皂苷。主要是指extensumside C～L(化合物1～10)及上述化合物药学上可接受的盐。
本发明所保护的C-21甾体皂苷类化合物及其类似物主要从植物翅果藤中提取，但是从其他植物中提取、化学合成、半合成或生物合成、生物转化的方式获得的C-21甾体皂苷类化合物及其类似物也应认为在本发明的保护范围之内。
翅果藤甜味提取物主要用于止咳祛痰功效，但不限于此。
附图说明：
图1为本发明C-21甾体皂苷类化合物结构通式；
图2为本发明化合物1中重要HMBC相关(H→C)关键COSY相关(加粗)；
图3为翅果藤提取物及化合物的提取分离流程图。
具体实施方式：
下面结合附图，用本发明的实施例来进一步说明本发明的实质性内容，但并不以此来限定本发明。
实施例1：
本发明翅果藤甜味总皂苷提取物、化合物1～10的提取、分离和纯化：
仪器与材料：
比旋光度由Horiba SEPA-300型分光光度计测定，紫外由Shimadzu UV-2401A型紫外光谱仪测定，IR由Brucker Tenor-27型红外光谱仪测定，ESI-MS和MS-MS由Bruker HCT/Esquire型质谱仪测定，HREI-MS由Agilent G6230 TOF和6200 TOF/6500型质谱仪测定，NMR由Bruker AM-400、DRX-500、AvanceⅢ600型核磁共振仪测定，TMS作为内标，化学位移值单位δ为ppm，耦合常数单位J为Hz。
各种型号的硅胶柱层析柱，反相中压柱，旋转蒸发仪(和EYELA公司)，暗箱式紫外分析仪(上海嘉鹏科技公司)，中压液相色谱仪分析、半制备用HP1100型高效液相色谱仪(Agilent公司)，分析柱为ZORBAX SB-C18 5μm 4.6×250mm，ZORBAX XDB-C18 5μm 4.6×150mm，半制备柱ZORBAX SB-C18 5μm 9.4×250mm，油浴温控仪。
正相硅胶板(青岛海洋化工厂)，正相硅胶(80-100目，200-300目)(青岛海洋化工厂)，反相硅胶填料(粒径50μm的由YMC公司提供，粒径20μm的由济南博纳生物公司提供)，凝胶Sephadex LH-20(瑞典GE健康医疗公司)。
显色剂：10％硫酸-乙醇溶液，硫酸-香草醛溶液，碘粉；水解反应用试剂：36-37％的盐酸溶液，Ba(OH)2·8H2O，二氧六环；Liebermann-Burchard反应试剂：浓硫酸，冰醋酸，Keller-Kiliani反应试剂：浓硫酸，冰醋酸，FeCl3。
植物来源：
翅果藤(Myriopteron extensum(Wight&Arn.)K.Schum)的果于2011年12月采自云南省新平县，经昆明植物研究所分类室王立松教授鉴定，标本(KUN0309000)保存于中国科学院昆明植物研究所标本馆中。
翅果藤提取物及化合物的提取分离流程如图3所示，图中边框加粗的标注表示经过活性追踪后选择继续分离的组分。
将干燥翅果藤的果1.4Kg，粉碎后用甲醇和60％的甲醇/水各提取三次(每次5L，24h)，合并提取液浓缩至仅剩水时经石油醚萃取后水相部分浓缩得到总提取物500g，总提取物经大孔树脂柱层板(HP-20)，用水、30％、50％、70％甲醇-水、纯甲醇和丙酮洗脱，得水洗脱段(约450g)，30％、50％和70％甲醇-水洗脱段(共21g)，纯甲醇洗脱段(22g)，丙酮洗脱段3g，活性追踪得纯甲醇洗脱段为甜味活性段，由此得到翅果藤甜味提取物22克。
翅果藤甜味提取物即甜味总皂苷，先经正相硅胶柱，以氯仿/甲醇系统为洗脱剂得到Fr.1-8，其中Fr.4-8为甜味活性段，其各段再分别通过反相中压柱，以甲醇-水系统为洗脱剂，其中70％、80％甲醇-水洗脱段为甜味活性段，经凝胶柱进一步纯化后用HPLC制备得到甜味化合物1～10(分离提取步骤见图3)。
实施例2：
本发明化合物1-10的物理和光谱数据：
化合物1：Extensumside C，该化合物为白色粉末，[α]D 24＝+0.6(c＝0.10,MeOH)；UV(MeOH)λmax(nm)(logε)：217(3.98)；IR(KBr)νmaxcm-1:3443,2930,1694,1633,1384,1060,585；HRESI-MS m/z 1186.6190(C59H94O24计算值1186.6135)。1H和13C NMR数据见表1至表4。
化合物2：Extensumside D，该化合物为白色粉末；[α]D 24＝-39.0(c＝0.10,MeOH)；UV(MeOH)λmax(nm)(logε)：217(3.91)；IR(KBr)νmaxcm-1:3445,2934,1721,1642,1382,1079,628；HRESI-MS m/z 1209.6018[M+Na]+(C59H94O24Na计算值为1209.6027)。1H和13C NMR数据见表1至表4。
化合物3：Extensumside E，该化合物为白色粉末；[α]D 24＝-6.9(c＝0.10,MeOH)；UV(MeOH)λmax(nm)(logε)：217(3.96)；IR(KBr)νmaxcm-1:3424,2933,1702,1641,1384,1079,588；HRESI-MS m/z m/z 1371.6569[M+Na]+(C65H104O29Na计算值1371.6561)。1H和13C NMR数据见表1至表4。
化合物4：Extensumside F，该化合物为白色粉末；[α]D 24＝-7.1(c＝0.10,MeOH)；UV(MeOH)λmax(nm)(logε)：217(3.95)；IR(KBr)νmaxcm-1:3425,2933,1701,1637,1384,1060,588；HRESI-MS m/z 1371.6569[M+Na]+(C65H104O29Na计算值1371.6561)。1H和13C NMR数据见表1至表4。
化合物5：Extensumside G，该化合物为白色粉末；[α]D 24＝-34.2(c＝0.11,MeOH)；UV(MeOH)λmax(nm)(logε)：218(3.87)；IR(KBr)νmaxcm-1:3445,2932,1642,1383,1061,660；HRESI-MS m/z 1371.6483[M+Na]+(C65H104O29Na计算值1371.6555)。1H和13C NMR数据见表1至表4。
化合物6：Extensumside H，该化合物为白色粉末；[α]D 24＝-9.5(c＝0.10,MeOH)；UV(MeOH)λmax(nm)(logε)：217(4.06)；IR(KBr)νmaxcm-1:3440,2933,1700,1633,1383,1061,587；HRESI-MS m/z 1533.7057[M+Na]+(C71H114O34Na计算值1533.7084)。1H and13C1H和13CNMR数据见表1至表4。
化合物7：Extensumside I，该化合物为白色粉末；[α]D 24＝-12.1(c＝0.10,MeOH)；UV(MeOH)λmax(nm)(logε)：216(3.92)；IR(KBr)νmaxcm-1:3443,2927,1721,1641,1384,1079,624；HRESI-MS m/z 1533.7049[M+Na]+(C71H114O34Na计算值1533.7084)。1H和13C NMR数据见表1至表4。
化合物8：Extensumside J，该化合物为白色粉末；[α]D 24＝-32.2(c＝0.11,MeOH)；UV(MeOH)λmax(nm)(logε)：218(3.92)；IR(KBr)νmaxcm-1:3445,2930,1642,1382,1064,611；HRESI-MS m/z 1519.6913[M+Na]+(C70H112O34Na计算值1519.6927)。1H和13C NMR数据见表1至表4。
化合物9：Extensumside K，该化合物为白色粉末；[α]D 24＝+0.6(c＝0.10,MeOH)；UV(MeOH)λmax(nm)(logε)：217(3.98)；IR(KBr)νmaxcm-1:3443,2930,1633,1384,1060,585；HRESI-MS m/z 1186.6190(C59H94O24计算值1186.6135)。1H和13C NMR数据见表1至表4。
化合物10：Extensumside L，该化合物为白色粉末；[α]D 24＝+0.6(c＝0.10,MeOH)；UV(MeOH)λmax(nm)(logε)：217(3.98)；IR(KBr)νmaxcm-1:3443,2930,1633,1384,1060,585；HRESI-MS m/z 1186.6190(C59H94O24计算值1186.6135)。1H和13C NMR数据见表1至表4。
NMR由Bruker AM-400、DRX-500、AvanceⅢ600型核磁共振仪测定，TMS作为内标，化学位移值单位δ为ppm，耦合常数单位J为Hz。
表1.化合物1～10母核的13C-NMR(150MHz，氘代吡啶)信号归属
表2.化合物1～10糖链的13C-NMR(150MHz，氘代吡啶)信号归属
实施例3：
本发明化合物1～10的味觉阈值及甜度测试：
单个化合物的甜度评价：配制浓度为4％，2％，1％的蔗糖对照品溶液梯度，配制浓度为0.02％，0.01％，0.005％，0.0033％，0.0025％，0.002％的样品溶液梯度。由评价小组成员对样品甜味阈值及甜度进行评价。阈值指能尝到甜味的最低浓度(单位：mg/ml)；甜度指样品甜味对蔗糖甜味的倍数，是通过比较找出某一浓度的样品的甜味与一定浓度的蔗糖的甜味相当，从而换算出该样品的甜度。化合物1～10的味觉阈值及甜度见表5。
表5化合物1～10甜味评价情况
实施例4：
本发明的翅果藤甜味提取物即甜味总皂苷(由实施例1制备所得)的镇咳活性测试。
对浓氨水致小鼠咳嗽的影响：
选用21～24g小鼠，全雄，按性别和体重随机组，每组10只，分组见表1。各组均按20mL/kg.bw灌胃给药1次，对照组灌服等容量0.5％CMC-Na。30min后，将小鼠逐一放入蒸发皿中，用300mL玻璃烧杯反扣于上，同时向皿中迅速推入25％浓氨水0.03mL，记录2min内小鼠的咳嗽次数。为克服系统误差，试验采用平行操作。小鼠以10g生药/kg剂量连续3天灌胃给予，与对照组相比，甜味总皂苷样品能明显减少氨水致小鼠咳嗽次数。结果见表6。
表6翅果藤甜味提取物对浓氨水致小鼠咳嗽的影响
与对照组相比，*/**P<0.05/0.01
实施例5：
本发明的化合物和翅果藤甜味提取物可用于制作食品、甜味剂，用作食品时，可直接食用，或配以食品常规辅料制作而成。
翅果藤颗粒剂的制备工艺采用：按实施例1制得的翅果藤甜味提取物或单体化合物干粉3份，糊精2份，适量50％乙醇。将上述原辅料按照常规制备颗粒剂的工艺制备，即先对原辅料进行检验称重—制软材—制粒—干燥—整粒—成品分装。颗粒剂规格：20g/袋。为便携式制剂，配料简单，最大限度保持了营养成分，可增强免疫力，防治心脑血管疾病、止咳、糖尿病等，老少皆宜，适合各类人群使用。
翅果藤甜味剂的制备可采用：翅果藤果1.8公斤，粉碎成粗粉，加5倍体积，50％乙醇加热回流提取30min，残渣再用5倍体积蒸馏水煮沸提取2次，每次20min；合并两种提取液浓缩，干燥，得翅果藤甜味剂560g。
实施例6：
按实施例1的方法制得的翅果藤甜味提取物即甜味总皂苷或C-21甾体皂苷类化合物1～10，以及利用有机酸(酒石酸，柠檬酸，甲酸，乙二酸等)或无机酸(盐酸，硫酸，磷酸等)制成的盐，干粉560g，糊精640g，适量50％乙醇。
将上述原辅料按照常规制备颗粒剂的工艺制备，即先对原辅料进行检验称重—制软材—制粒—干燥—整粒—成品分装—灭菌。颗粒剂规格：20g/袋。
实施例7：
按实施例1的方法制得的翅果藤提取物或C-21甾体皂苷类化合物1～10，以及利用有机酸(酒石酸，柠檬酸，甲酸，乙二酸等)或无机酸(盐酸，硫酸，磷酸等)制成的盐，以1-9：1的比例添加到果酱、牛奶、蜂蜜等固体和液体食品中去，可以增加食品中的甜味，同时也能发挥其保健功能。
实施例8：
以实施例2制备的颗粒剂每日可午时、睡前、佐餐或佐面包等服用，0.5-2袋/日，连续服用1个月或长期服用。
实施例9：
片剂的制备：按实施例1的方法先制得翅果藤果提取物或C-21甾体皂苷类化合物1～10，以及利用有机酸(酒石酸，柠檬酸，甲酸，乙二酸等)或无机酸(盐酸，硫酸，磷酸等)制成的盐，按其与赋形剂重量比为1:5-1:10的比例加入赋形剂，制粒压片。
Claims (10)
1.下述结构式(I)所示的C‐21甾体皂苷类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐，
式中，R1为去氧糖链，糖链组成：最内侧与母核相连的糖为黄花夹竹桃糖基D‐The，最外侧连在去氧糖链末端的基团为3‐甲基‐2‐丁烯酰基：糖链中间为加拿大麻糖基D‐Cym、夹竹桃糖基D‐Ole和洋地黄毒糖基D‐Dig中的任意2个；
R2为葡萄糖链，糖链组成：2至4个葡萄糖基。
2.下述结构式所示的C‐21甾体皂苷类化合物1‐10或其药学上可接受的盐，
3.权利要求1或2所述的C‐21甾体皂苷类化合物的制备方法，其特征在于将翅果藤植物的果、茎、叶或根阴干粉碎到20目，用甲醇和60％的甲醇‐水或乙醇和60％的乙醇‐水冷浸或回流各提取三次，合并提取液浓缩至仅剩水时经石油醚萃取后的水相部分或是氯仿或乙酸乙酯萃取物经大孔树脂柱层析，用50％、70％甲醇‐水、纯甲醇洗脱，其中纯甲醇洗脱段浓缩后得翅果藤甜味提取物，翅果藤甜味提取物经反复正相硅胶柱层析、反相中压柱层析、并经HPLC纯化得所述的C‐21甾体皂苷类化合物。
4.甜味剂组合物，含有权利要求1或2所述的C‐21甾体皂苷类化合物，或其两种或两种以上混合。
5.权利要求1或2所述的C‐21甾体皂苷类化合物作为甜味剂的应用。
6.权利要求4所述的甜味剂组合物在制备食品、饮料、保健品或药品中的应用。
7.药物组合物，其中含有治疗有效量的权利要求1或2所述的C‐21甾体皂苷类化合物和药学上可接受的载体。
8.权利要求1或2所述的C‐21甾体皂苷类化合物在制备食品、饮料、保健品或药品中的应用。
9.如权利要求1或2所述的C-21甾体皂苷类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐，其中所述的药学上可接受的盐，为与有机酸或无机酸形成的盐，所述的有机酸为酒石酸、柠檬酸、甲酸、乙酸、乙二酸、丁酸、草酸、琥珀酸、己二酸、藻酸、柠檬酸、天冬氨酸、苯磺酸、樟脑酸、樟脑磺酸、二葡糖酸、环戊烷丙酸、十二烷基硫酸、乙磺酸、葡庚糖酸、甘油磷酸、庚酸、己酸、延胡索酸、2‐羟基乙磺酸、乳酸、马来酸、甲磺酸、烟酸、2‐萘磺酸、扑酸、果胶酯酸、3‐苯基丙酸、苦味酸、新戊酸、丙酸、琥珀酸、酒石酸、硫代氰酸、对‐甲苯磺酸或十一烷酸；所述的无机酸为盐酸、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、硫酸或磷酸。
10.权利要求1或2所述的C-21甾体皂苷类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备镇咳保健品或药品中的应用。
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