CN104923786A - Dual selective laser sintering and nonmetal and metal melting 3D (three-dimensional) printing system - Google Patents
Dual selective laser sintering and nonmetal and metal melting 3D (three-dimensional) printing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104923786A CN104923786A CN201510319011.0A CN201510319011A CN104923786A CN 104923786 A CN104923786 A CN 104923786A CN 201510319011 A CN201510319011 A CN 201510319011A CN 104923786 A CN104923786 A CN 104923786A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dual selective laser sintering and nonmetal and metal melting 3D (three-dimensional) printing system which comprises two laser scanning devices, a main powder spreading device and a control device. The 3D printing system is characterized by further comprising an auxiliary powder spreading device integrally connected with the main powder spreading device through a connecting support and positioned in front of the main powder spreading device, the auxiliary powder spreading device and the main powder spreading device horizontally and bidirectionally reciprocate, metal powder and nonmetal powder are placed in the main powder spreading device and the auxiliary powder spreading device respectively, the main powder spreading device spreads a layer of metal powder when moving every time, the auxiliary powder spreading device controlled by the control device quantitatively spreads the nonmetal powder downwards at fixed points, and the spread nonmetal powder can be covered by later spread metal powder. The 3D printing system has the advantages that part forming efficiency can be effectively improved by dual-laser composite scanning, the metal powder is preheated while the nonmetal powder is sintered by carbon dioxide laser, and the defects such as warping and cracking of metal parts can be effectively avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of 3D print system, be specifically related to a kind of double excitation constituency sintering and melt 3D print system that is nonmetal, metal, belong to and increase material manufacture field.
Background technology
Adopt selective laser melting (Selective Laser Melting, SLM) technology directly to manufacture the 3D print system of metal parts, they can realize directly manufacturing metal parts complicated arbitrarily.
To the performance of some part materials, can be improved by heat treatment;
There is particular/special requirement to some metal function part, as born high and extremely low temperature, the free manufacturing equipment of electron beam can be adopted to be that it applies the nickeliferous superalloy of one deck;
But if need form small with certain material in material internal region and have the inner passage of complex geometric shapes, current 3D print system also cannot realize smoothly, and forming efficiency, the precision of part also all cannot be protected.
Summary of the invention
For solving the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of double excitation constituency is the object of the present invention is to provide to sinter and melt 3D print system that is nonmetal, metal, this 3D print system not only can be shaped complicated metal external member smoothly, improve the forming efficiency of part, and can effectively avoid the defects such as metalwork warpage, cracking, can also guarantee that the metal parts being shaped has higher precision simultaneously.
In order to realize above-mentioned target, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of double excitation constituency sinters and melts nonmetal, the 3D print system of metal, comprise: two cover laser scanning devices (1, 2), frame (3), working chamber (4), main power spreading device (5), atmosphere protection device and control device, aforementioned two cover laser scanning devices (1, 2) be arranged in frame (3), frame (3) is arranged on the top of working chamber (4), main power spreading device (5) is arranged in working chamber (4), the bottom of working chamber (4) is provided with working cylinder (8), the piston of working cylinder (8) vertically moves up and down, it is characterized in that, also comprise: auxiliary power spreading device (6), aforementioned auxiliary power spreading device (6) is connected as a single entity by connection bracket (7) and main power spreading device (5), the two is one in front and one in back arranged on the direction of paving powder translational motion, main power spreading device (5), in auxiliary power spreading device (6), metal dust and non-metal powder are housed respectively, aforementioned main power spreading device (5) is moved through the overall bidirectional reciprocating in the horizontal direction of external signal VFC with auxiliary power spreading device (6), often do the sequencing even spreading layer of metal powder downwards under control of the control means once spreading the aforementioned main power spreading device (5) of powder motion and require according to product model structure, meanwhile auxiliary power spreading device (6) is fixed a point under control of the control means, quantitative downward spreading non-metal powder,
Aforementioned two cover laser scanning devices (1, 2) be carbon dioxide laser scanning means (1) and optical-fiber laser scanning means (2) respectively, carbon dioxide laser scanning means (1) carries out scanning sintering to non-metal powder, optical-fiber laser scanning means (2) carries out scanning fusing to metal dust, according to product model structure, control device requires that laser scanning device (1 is overlapped in control two, 2) region scanned, period, laser parameter, two cover laser scanning devices (1, 2) compound scan is carried out, the two kinds of powder packets totally realizing powder bed microcell melt process.
Aforesaid double excitation constituency sinters and melts 3D print system that is nonmetal, metal, it is characterized in that, aforementioned auxiliary power spreading device (6) comprising: hopper (601), be arranged on the powder feeding roller (602) of aforementioned hopper (601) bottom, be positioned at the paving powder mouth (603) of aforementioned powder feeding roller (602) below, and drive aforementioned powder feeding roller (602) to turn an angle the driving mechanism of quantitative powder feeding.
Aforesaid double excitation constituency sinters and melts 3D print system that is nonmetal, metal, it is characterized in that, aforementioned carbon dioxide laser scanning means (1) comprising: carbon dioxide laser (101), carbon dioxide beam expanding lens (102), speculum (103,104) and carbon dioxide galvanometer (105)
The carbon dioxide laser beam that aforementioned carbon dioxide laser (101) emits first expands via carbon dioxide beam expanding lens (102), then via two speculums (103,104) reflect, carbon dioxide laser beam after reflection is parallel with the carbon dioxide laser beam entering carbon dioxide beam expanding lens (102) but direction contrary, and the carbon dioxide laser beam after reflection finally enters into carbon dioxide galvanometer (105).
Aforesaid double excitation constituency sinters and melts 3D print system that is nonmetal, metal, it is characterized in that, aforementioned optical-fiber laser scanning means (2) comprising: optical fiber laser (201), optical fiber beam expansion mirror (202), dynamic focusing axle (203) and optical fiber galvanometer (204)
The fiber laser beam that aforementioned optical fiber laser (201) emits first expands via optical fiber beam expansion mirror (202), then focus on via dynamic focusing axle (203), the fiber laser beam after focusing enters into optical fiber galvanometer (204).
Aforesaid double excitation constituency sinters and melts 3D print system that is nonmetal, metal, it is characterized in that, is all provided with protective glass immediately below aforementioned carbon dioxide laser scanning means (1) and optical-fiber laser scanning means (2).
Usefulness of the present invention is:
(1) adopt double excitation to carry out compound scan, and auxiliary power spreading device and main power spreading device are connected as a single entity drive simultaneously, so 3D print system of the present invention not only compact conformation, and effectively can improve the forming efficiency of part;
(2) carbon dioxide laser is to preheating metal powder bed again while non-metal powder sintering, can effectively avoid the defects such as metalwork warpage, cracking;
(3) optical-fiber laser has less spot diameter, the metal parts of the degree of precision that can be shaped.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the composition schematic diagram of 3D print system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the front view of the auxiliary power spreading device in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the A-A profile of the auxiliary power spreading device in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the carbon dioxide laser scanning means in Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the optical-fiber laser scanning means in Fig. 1;
Fig. 6 is that two cover laser scanning devices are arranged on structural representation later in frame.
The implication of Reference numeral in figure: 1-carbon dioxide laser scanning means, 2-optical-fiber laser scanning means, 3-frame, 4-working chamber, the main power spreading device of 5-, 6-assists power spreading device, 7-connection bracket, 8-working cylinder, 9-product, 10-protects gas import, 11-protects gas outlet, 601-hopper, 602-powder feeding roller, 603-spreads powder mouth, 604-motor, 605-shaft coupling, 606-motor cabinet, 607-bearing block, 101-carbon dioxide laser, 102-carbon dioxide beam expanding lens, 103-speculum, 104-speculum, 105-carbon dioxide galvanometer, 201-optical fiber laser, 202-optical fiber beam expansion mirror, 203-dynamic focusing axle, 204-optical fiber galvanometer.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, concrete introduction is done to the present invention.
With reference to Fig. 1, double excitation constituency of the present invention sinters and melts nonmetal, the 3D print system of metal, comprise: two cover laser scanning device (carbon dioxide laser scanning means 1, optical-fiber laser scanning means 2), frame 3, working chamber 4, main power spreading device 5, atmosphere protection device (not shown) and control device (not shown), wherein, two cover laser scanning device (carbon dioxide laser scanning means 1, optical-fiber laser scanning means 2) be arranged in frame 3, frame 3 is arranged on the top of working chamber 4, main power spreading device 5 is arranged in working chamber 4, the bottom of working chamber 4 is provided with working cylinder 8, the piston of working cylinder 8 vertically moves up and down, move with piston above the piston that product 9 is placed on working cylinder 8, product 9 is often by scanning one deck, then the piston driving product 9 of working cylinder 8 declines the distance of one deck, the sidewall of working chamber 4 is provided with protection gas import 10 and protection gas outlet 11, after working chamber 4 vacuumizes, protection gas is come in from front, go out from rear, form the circulation of protection gas.In addition, 3D print system of the present invention also comprises: auxiliary power spreading device 6.Auxiliary power spreading device 6 is connected as a single entity by connection bracket 7 and main power spreading device 5, and the two is one in front and one in back arranged on the direction of paving powder translational motion, auxiliary power spreading device 6 both can front also can rear.Main power spreading device 5 is built with metal dust, and auxiliary power spreading device 6 is built with non-metal powder.Main power spreading device 5 moves through the overall bidirectional reciprocating in the horizontal direction of external signal VFC with auxiliary power spreading device 6, often do and once spread powder motion, the sequencing that main power spreading device 5 requires according to product model structure, under control of the control means even downwards spreading layer of metal powder, meanwhile auxiliary power spreading device 6 fix a point under control of the control means, quantitative downward spreading non-metal powder.
Introduce the structure of auxiliary power spreading device 6 below in detail.
With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, auxiliary power spreading device 6 comprises: hopper 601, powder feeding roller 602, paving powder mouth 603 and driving mechanism, wherein, powder feeding roller 602 is arranged on the bottom of hopper 601, paving powder mouth 603 is positioned at the below of powder feeding roller 602, powder feeding roller 602 is driven by driving mechanism and turns an angle, thus realizes quantitative powder feeding.The ratio of components of driving mechanism is more common, forms primarily of motor 604, shaft coupling 605, motor cabinet 606, and powder feeding roller 602 is placed in bearing block 607 away from one end of motor 604.
In the present invention, two cover laser scanning devices are carbon dioxide laser scanning means 1 and optical-fiber laser scanning means 2 respectively, carbon dioxide laser scanning means 1 pair of non-metal powder carries out scanning sintering, and optical-fiber laser scanning means 2 pairs of metal dusts carry out scanning fusing.Control device is according to the requirement of product model structure, control the region of carbon dioxide laser scanning means 1 and optical-fiber laser scanning means 2 scanning, period and laser parameter respectively, make carbon dioxide laser scanning means 1 and optical-fiber laser scanning means 2 carry out compound scan, thus the two kinds of powder packets totally realizing powder bed microcell melt process.Thus, effectively can not only improve the forming efficiency of part, and the requirement of the inner special construction of product can be met.
The structure of detailed introduce carbon dioxide laser scanning device 1 and optical-fiber laser scanning means 2 below.
With reference to Fig. 4, carbon dioxide laser scanning means 1 comprises: carbon dioxide laser 101, carbon dioxide beam expanding lens 102, speculum 103, speculum 104 and carbon dioxide galvanometer 105.
The carbon dioxide laser beam that carbon dioxide laser 101 emits first expands via carbon dioxide beam expanding lens 102, then reflect via speculum 103 and speculum 104, carbon dioxide laser beam after reflection is parallel with the carbon dioxide laser beam entering carbon dioxide beam expanding lens 102 but direction contrary, and the carbon dioxide laser beam after reflection finally enters into carbon dioxide galvanometer 105.
The carbon dioxide laser beam that carbon dioxide laser 101 produces has larger spot diameter, the absorptivity of non-metal powder foot couple carbon dioxide laser beam is higher, so carbon dioxide laser beam can sinter non-metal powder, and the absorptivity of metal dust to carbon dioxide laser beam is lower, so carbon dioxide laser beam can carry out preheating to metal powder bed microcell.
With reference to Fig. 5, optical-fiber laser scanning means 2 comprises: optical fiber laser 201, optical fiber beam expansion mirror 202, dynamic focusing axle 203 and optical fiber galvanometer 204.
The fiber laser beam that optical fiber laser 201 emits first expands via optical fiber beam expansion mirror 202, and then focus on via dynamic focusing axle 203, the fiber laser beam after focusing enters into optical fiber galvanometer 204.
The fiber laser beam that optical fiber laser 201 produces has thinner spot diameter, and the absorptivity of metal dust to fiber laser beam is higher, so fiber laser beam can make metal dust instant melting.
With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 6, carbon dioxide laser scanning means 1 and optical-fiber laser scanning means 2 are all arranged in the frame 3 above working chamber 4, and the laser galvanometer of the two closely arranges, and the distance in laser galvanometer and scanning work face is determined by galvanometer requirement.
Carbon dioxide laser and optical-fiber laser are combined, require that region, period and the laser parameter of laser scanning device scanning are overlapped in control two according to product model structure, two cover laser scanning devices are made to carry out compound scan, thus nonmetal and metal two kinds of powder packets that can realize powder bed microcell melt process, meet the requirement of the inner special construction of product.
As the preferred scheme of one, immediately below carbon dioxide laser scanning means 1 and optical-fiber laser scanning means 2, protective glass (not shown) is all installed.
In sum, 3D print system of the present invention, sinters nonmetal and fiber laser beam deposite metal and combines, carry out double excitation compound scan, have the following advantages by carbon dioxide laser beam:
(1) carbon dioxide laser is to preheating metal dust again while non-metal powder sintering, and when optical-fiber laser scanning metal dust, the temperature of metal dust can not improve suddenly, so can effectively avoid the defects such as metalwork warpage, cracking;
(2) double excitation compound scan, can improve the forming efficiency of part;
(3) optical-fiber laser has less spot diameter, the metal parts of the degree of precision that can be shaped.
3D print system of the present invention can form various metals dusty material, as the complex parts of shaping iron-based, Ni-based, titanium base, tungsten base alloy, and meets the requirement of precision and internal structure technique, has good using value.
It should be noted that, above-described embodiment does not limit the present invention in any form, the technical scheme that the mode that all employings are equal to replacement or equivalent transformation obtains, and all drops in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a double excitation constituency sinters and melts nonmetal, the 3D print system of metal, comprise: two cover laser scanning devices (1, 2), frame (3), working chamber (4), main power spreading device (5), atmosphere protection device and control device, described two cover laser scanning devices (1, 2) be arranged in frame (3), frame (3) is arranged on the top of working chamber (4), main power spreading device (5) is arranged in working chamber (4), the bottom of working chamber (4) is provided with working cylinder (8), the piston of working cylinder (8) vertically moves up and down, it is characterized in that, also comprise: auxiliary power spreading device (6), described auxiliary power spreading device (6) is connected as a single entity by connection bracket (7) and main power spreading device (5), the two is one in front and one in back arranged on the direction of paving powder translational motion, main power spreading device (5), in auxiliary power spreading device (6), metal dust and non-metal powder are housed respectively, described main power spreading device (5) is moved through the overall bidirectional reciprocating in the horizontal direction of external signal VFC with auxiliary power spreading device (6), often do the sequencing even spreading layer of metal powder downwards under control of the control means once spreading the described main power spreading device (5) of powder motion and require according to product model structure, meanwhile auxiliary power spreading device (6) is fixed a point under control of the control means, quantitative downward spreading non-metal powder,
Described two cover laser scanning devices (1, 2) be carbon dioxide laser scanning means (1) and optical-fiber laser scanning means (2) respectively, carbon dioxide laser scanning means (1) carries out scanning sintering to non-metal powder, optical-fiber laser scanning means (2) carries out scanning fusing to metal dust, according to product model structure, control device requires that laser scanning device (1 is overlapped in control two, 2) region scanned, period, laser parameter, two cover laser scanning devices (1, 2) compound scan is carried out, the two kinds of powder packets totally realizing powder bed microcell melt process.
2. double excitation constituency according to claim 1 sinters and melts 3D print system that is nonmetal, metal, it is characterized in that, described auxiliary power spreading device (6) comprising: hopper (601), be arranged on the powder feeding roller (602) of described hopper (601) bottom, be positioned at the paving powder mouth (603) of described powder feeding roller (602) below, and drive described powder feeding roller (602) to turn an angle the driving mechanism of quantitative powder feeding.
3. double excitation constituency according to claim 1 sinters and melts 3D print system that is nonmetal, metal, it is characterized in that, described carbon dioxide laser scanning means (1) comprising: carbon dioxide laser (101), carbon dioxide beam expanding lens (102), speculum (103,104) and carbon dioxide galvanometer (105)
The carbon dioxide laser beam that described carbon dioxide laser (101) emits first expands via carbon dioxide beam expanding lens (102), then via two speculums (103,104) reflect, carbon dioxide laser beam after reflection is parallel with the carbon dioxide laser beam entering carbon dioxide beam expanding lens (102) but direction contrary, and the carbon dioxide laser beam after reflection finally enters into carbon dioxide galvanometer (105).
4. double excitation constituency according to claim 1 sinters and melts 3D print system that is nonmetal, metal, it is characterized in that, described optical-fiber laser scanning means (2) comprising: optical fiber laser (201), optical fiber beam expansion mirror (202), dynamic focusing axle (203) and optical fiber galvanometer (204)
The fiber laser beam that described optical fiber laser (201) emits first expands via optical fiber beam expansion mirror (202), then focus on via dynamic focusing axle (203), the fiber laser beam after focusing enters into optical fiber galvanometer (204).
5. the double excitation constituency according to claim 3 or 4 sinters and melts 3D print system that is nonmetal, metal; it is characterized in that, immediately below described carbon dioxide laser scanning means (1) and optical-fiber laser scanning means (2), all protective glass is installed.
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| CN105689716A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-06-22 | 北京隆源自动成型系统有限公司 | Accurate feeding device for laser forming machine |
| CN105855546A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-08-17 | 天津市天大银泰科技有限公司 | Double laser two-zone metal melting and sintering moulding 3D printing device and printing method |
| CN105880591A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-08-24 | 北京隆源自动成型系统有限公司 | Selective laser forming metal powder preheating method and device |
| CN106216676A (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2016-12-14 | 广东奥基德信机电有限公司 | A kind of laser 3D printing device |
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