CN104919932A - Method for recovering broken plastic films and crop planting method adopting same - Google Patents
Method for recovering broken plastic films and crop planting method adopting same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for recovering broken plastic films and a crop planting method adopting the method. The method for recovering broken plastic films of the invention comprises: firstly loosening a shallow layer of the ground surface; then transversely combing the loose soil layer, wherein broken plastic films in the loose soil layer are transversely combed to be gathered at a side to form a dense broken plastic film strip; recovering the broken plastic films on the dense broken plastic film strip; and finally performing sowing in the shallow layer of the ground surface where the broken plastic films have been recovered. Compared with the prior art, the method for recovering broken plastic films and the crop planting method adopting the method effectively clear and recover the broken plastic films from the soil in the sowing layer, not only greatly lower the workload of the recovery, but also greatly improve the work efficiency of the recovery, especially greatly improve the growth environment of the sowing soil layer, and ensure the better healthy growth of crop seedlings.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural tillage operational method, specifically a kind of method that reclaims of residual broken mulch film and the proportion of crop planting method that is made up of the method.
Background technology
At present, the application of mulching film planting technology is very general, enormous benefits is brought to agricultural, but residual film is remaining in soil also becomes a serious problem, larger pollution and harm are also brought to soil and environment, soil makes plant growth be hindered because of white pollution, serious loses support capacity.
Therefore, in current production, people have given one's full attention to the mulch film recovery operation after to use, and carry out centralized recovery by various machinery, and most residual film in production is reclaimed, and massive pollution phenomenon is inhibited.But due to use year after year, in removal process, always have partly film fragment remain in and to be difficult in soil reclaim, and it is very poor that this part of residual film uses current mulching specially used recovery machinery to carry out operation recovering effect, as clearing and retrieving not in time, then to form collection tired, and work the mischief to the various operations in plantation.
The recovery one of current residual film adopts manual recovery, and mainly pick up more large stretch of residual film with floating on surface, soil, efficiency is low, and labour intensity is large.Two is that machinery reclaims.
Current main employing of recovery machinery hooks rake or screen type.Hook rake and pick up weak effect, be particularly difficult to work to tiny residual film fragment.
It is better that screen type collects effect, but efficiency is very low, is difficult to large-area applications.
The recovery machinery of current residual film mainly contains following a few class.
Directly play membrane type: 98212885.1 disclose skinning wheel, film feeding impeller and the volume film roller of a kind of volume type remnant film recoverer by sequentially installing after going to, skinning wheel there are the skinning gear teeth, film feeding impeller has adhesive tape blade, in the back lower place of skinning wheel, skinning guide rail is installed, be applicable to the mulch film before ploughing reclaim, then helpless for the residual film fragment remained in soil.
Rake formula: Chinese patent CN200420069544.5, CN200620158834.6, CN200720147138.X, CN201115333Y, CN200962716Y, CN2719003Y, farmland incomplete film-recovering machine disclosed in CN204377359U just belongs to this class machinery, rake is carried out mainly through elastic claw, this type of mechanism structure is simple, operating speed is fast, mainly for the recovery of this season mulch film during autumn harvest or after autumn harvest, be suitable for carrying out recovery operation to large stretch of mulch film, but almost effect is not had for the tiny residual film fragment in soil, broken small leftover for soil deep layer is difficult to reclaim.
Screening type: as the machine for recovering broken film disclosed in Chinese patent CN200720156741.4, CN200820103700.3, CN200520105700.3, CN201410464258.7.Operation is general, and also for special workover rig, be separated with earth by residual film mainly through screen cloth one class separating mechanism, operating efficiency is lower, is difficult to the needs adapting to produce.
Roll rake: as the plastic film residue collect mechanism disclosed in Chinese patent CN99213281.9, CN200820103942.2, CN200920164612.9, CN200520002575.3, CN200620114191.5, CN201220117766.4, CN95203438.7, CN201020604657.6, CN201010542303.8, CN201010284986.1, collecting reel mainly by being covered with thorn-like spike-tooth rolls in soil, residual film in soil is provoked by thorn-like spike-tooth, and Shua Mo mechanism that collecting reel is provided with rotary broom one class will reclaim under the residual film brush on thorn-like spike-tooth.The structural rate of this class mechanism is simple, can carry out combination and carry out integration of operation, be particularly suitable for the less important work in various farming with various Work machine.
Above-mentioned plastic film residue collect mechanism has better recovering effect mainly for a large amount of or large stretch of mulch film, and fritter fragment remaining in soil does not then almost have effect, and these little mulch film fragments can form accumulation in soil.For many years, the accumulation of these residual broken mulch films is quite serious, makes have a strong impact on farming, particularly very serious on the seed seedling growth impact of this season: always to have Some seeds and just sow on mulch film relic, make seed be difficult to take root smoothly.
Due to the existence of residual broken mulch film in former years, when seed is sowed on residual film, germination can be caused to take root difficulty, affect crop emerges, thus cause the underproduction.Existingly broadcast front machine for recovering broken film, mainly based on rake formula and chain harrow machine for recovering broken film, rake formula machine for recovering broken film, as
Chinese patent CN201310712777.6, CN201220168697.X, CN201320361901.4, CN200820301759.3, CN200920164612.9, CN201020521779.9, CN201020567250.0 then disclose the equipment picking up or be separated residual broken mulch film from soil, but these equipment for are all whole large-area soils, namely process widely in large-area soil
Due to cultivate for many years the residual broken mulch film remained in soil in plot be dispersion, and it is very uneven, to seem itself relative to soil and more rare, adopt that to carry out the mode workload of extensive treatments big to large-area soil be unthinkable, in practice reality.
Therefore, being very difficult by cultivating that the residual broken mulch film remained in soil picks up or separate from soil for many years, having become a great problem in the plantation of current modern agriculture.
For the problems referred to above, a kind of method that residual broken mulch film reclaims and the proportion of crop planting method be made up of the method, particularly one carries out prune job for shallow surface, carry out clearing and retrieving by cultivating the residual broken mulch film remained in soil seeding layer for many years, and then the method that reclaims of the residual broken mulch film of growing environment improving seeding layer significantly and the proportion of crop planting method that is made up of the method are just arisen at the historic moment.
Summary of the invention
The method that the residual broken mulch film that the object of this invention is to provide the soil of a kind of pattern of mulching film planting for many years plantation reclaims and the proportion of crop planting method be made up of the method, particularly one carries out prune job for shallow surface, clearing and retrieving is carried out by cultivating the residual broken mulch film remained in soil shallow surface for many years, and then the method that reclaims of the residual broken mulch film of growing environment improving shallow surface significantly and the proportion of crop planting method that is made up of the method.
The method that residual broken mulch film of the present invention reclaims is: first loosen to shallow surface, afterwards horizontal combing is carried out to loose soil layer, residual broken mulch film combing in loose soil layer is laterally pooled to the band that side forms intensive residual broken mulch film, the more residual broken mulch film on the band of described intensive residual broken mulch film is reclaimed.
Further, above-mentioned shallow surface mainly refers to the soil layer within 10 centimetres, earth's surface.
Further, above-mentionedly carry out loose to shallow surface and described residual broken mulch film combing be pooled to side and form intensive residual broken mulch film band and adopt and carry out with lower device: comprising traction or hanger bracket (1), frame (2), tine group (4) and transmission mechanism (7), its improvements are: be provided with residual film at tine group (4) rear portion and hold together collecting mechanism, this residual film holds together collecting mechanism and comprises chain drive-belt (62), and chain drive-belt (62) is provided with hugs film tooth (61) in array-like.
Further, the above-mentioned lower end of hugging film tooth (61) is preferably provided with a bend.
Further, above-mentioned residual film holds together collecting mechanism and is provided with gauge wheel (63).
Further again, above-mentioned tine group (4) and residual film hold together between collecting mechanism to be preferably provided with hack mechanism (5), and this hack mechanism (5) can be one or more the combination in pack roller or disk array.
To above-mentioned, residual broken mulch film on intensive residual broken mulch film band is reclaimed by picking up separating mechanism, described in pick up separating mechanism can at present existing any one pick up separating mechanism, at least comprise pick-up mechanism, conveying mechanism and screening mechanism.
Further, above-mentioned residual broken mulch film on intensive residual broken mulch film band to be reclaimed, preferably adopt following in device carry out: described to pick up separating mechanism preferred structure as follows: pick-up mechanism comprises to dial and picks up roller (81) and guide plate (82), dialling and picking up roller (81) is a barrel, barrel is provided with densely covered moving tooth (80), and moving tooth (80) can be one or more mixture arbitrary in plate body, the finger-like body of rod or dentate body.
Described conveying mechanism can be conveyer belt (83), conveyer belt (83) is preferably provided with horizontal baffle plate (84).
Preferably, described conveying mechanism is preferably sieve nest in grid or netted.
Described screening mechanism is preferably netted or the rotary screen of mouse cage shape (85);
Further again, described moving tooth (80) is the finger-like body of rod, and finger-like lever front end is provided with a bend, and the end of described bend point to proceeds posterolateral to.
Further again, the both sides of picking up roller (81) barrel are dialled in the cross-shaped sensing of described moving tooth (80) bend, namely one on described barrel extricates from the left side of the bend sensing barrel of tooth (80), and another bend extricating from tooth (80) then points to the right side of barrel.
Above-mentioned pick-up mechanism can also be suction type mechanism, comprise negative-pressure air fan (88), the front end of negative-pressure air fan (88) is provided with negative pressure suction inlet (87), and described conveying mechanism is the malleation carrier pipe (89) of negative-pressure air fan (88) rear end.
The proportion of crop planting method that the method reclaimed by above-mentioned residual broken mulch film is formed, a kind of particularly proportion of crop planting method of cultivating the farmland for many years for mulching film planting pattern, its main points are: before carrying out crop seeding, the method adopting above-mentioned residual broken mulch film to reclaim processes tilled the land shallow surface, described shallow surface is the seeding layer of crops, afterwards again described carried out residual broken mulch film reclaim after shallow surface in sow.
Further, above-mentioned shallow surface mainly refers to the soil layer within 10 centimetres, earth's surface.
In a particular application, residual film of the present invention holds together collecting mechanism and can every two one group of symmetries be installed in frame (2), and hold together collection from the left and right sides by residual broken mulch film to centre, efficiency is higher.
Compared with prior art, residual broken mulch film in shallow surface is cleared up and reclaims by the present invention prior to seeding effectively from soil, the workload not only recycled greatly reduces, substantially increase the operating efficiency of recovery, particularly substantially improve the growing environment of soil seeding layer, ensure that crop seedling can grow comparatively healthily.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the main structural representation looked of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that Fig. 1 overlooks.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation that the residual film of the embodiment of the present invention 1 holds together collecting mechanism.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation that the residual film of the embodiment of the present invention 2 holds together collecting mechanism.
Fig. 5 is the main structural representation looked of the embodiment of the present invention 3.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of Fig. 5 backsight.
Fig. 7 is the main structural representation looked of the embodiment of the present invention 4.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation that the embodiment of the present invention 4 groups picks up roller.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation that the embodiment of the present invention 5 groups picks up roller.
Figure 10 is the main structural representation looked of the embodiment of the present invention 6.
Figure 11 is the structural representation that the embodiment of the present invention 7 groups picks up roller.
Figure 12 is the structural representation that the embodiment of the present invention 8 groups picks up roller.
Shown in figure: 1 is traction or hanger bracket, and 2 is frame, and 3 is quadric chain, and 4 is tine group, 5 is hack mechanism, and 61 for hugging film tooth, and 62 is chain drive-belt, and 63 is gauge wheel, 64 is sprocket wheel, and 65 is chain support wheel, and 66 is brush film roller, and 7 is transmission mechanism, 80 is moving tooth, and 81 pick up roller for dialling, and 82 is guide plate, and 83 is conveyer belt, 84 is baffle plate, and 85 is rotary screen, and 86 is collecting box, 87 is negative pressure suction inlet, and 88 is negative-pressure air fan, and 89 is malleation carrier pipe.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: with reference to accompanying drawing 1-Fig. 3, for the structural representation of the device of the embodiment of the present invention 1, comprise traction or hanger bracket 1, frame 2, tine group 4 and transmission mechanism 7, be provided with residual film at tine group 4 rear portion and hold together collecting mechanism, this residual film holds together collecting mechanism and comprises chain drive-belt 62 and gauge wheel 63, chain drive-belt 62 is and ground level, chain drive-belt 62 is provided with hugs film tooth 61 in array-like, hug film tooth 61 and be arranged at chain drive-belt 62 side and vertical with chain drive-belt 62, the lower end of hugging film tooth 61 is provided with a bend, tine group 4 and residual film hold together between collecting mechanism to be provided with hack mechanism 5, this hack mechanism 5 can be one or more the combination in pack roller or disk array, described residual film holds together collecting mechanism every two one group of symmetries and is installed in frame 2, collection is held together to centre from the left and right sides by residual broken mulch film.
Adopt above-mentioned device, first loosened by tine group 4 pairs of shallow surfaces, the soil block of bulk is pulverized by hack mechanism 5, residual film holds together collecting mechanism and carries out horizontal combing to loose soil layer afterwards, residual broken mulch film combing in loose soil layer is laterally pooled to the band that side forms intensive residual broken mulch film, the more residual broken mulch film on the band of described intensive residual broken mulch film is reclaimed.To above-mentioned, residual broken mulch film on intensive residual broken mulch film band is reclaimed by picking up separating mechanism, described in pick up separating mechanism can at present existing any one pick up separating mechanism, at least comprise pick-up mechanism, conveying mechanism and screening mechanism.
Embodiment 2: with reference to Fig. 4, be the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 2, compared with embodiment 1, the difference of the present embodiment is: chain drive-belt 62 be provided with 3 rows be array-like hug film tooth 61.
Embodiment 3: with reference to Fig. 5, Fig. 6, for the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 3, compared with embodiment 1, the difference of the present embodiment is: chain drive-belt 62 is in perpendicular to the ground, hugging film tooth 61 is arranged on chain drive-belt 62 same plane, hug bar that film tooth 61 is finger-like and be provided with 3 rows, middle part is also provided with brush film roller 66.
Embodiment 4: with reference to Fig. 6, Fig. 7, for the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 4, compared with embodiment before, the difference of the present embodiment is, in the residual broken mulch film on intensive residual broken mulch film band is reclaimed, the retracting device of one is adopted to carry out recovery operation, described separating mechanism of picking up comprises to dial and picks up roller 81 and guide plate 82, dialling and picking up roller 81 is a barrel, barrel is provided with densely covered moving tooth 80, moving tooth 80 is the finger-like body of rod, described conveying mechanism is conveyer belt 83, conveyer belt 83 is provided with horizontal baffle plate 84, described conveying mechanism is netted or the rotary screen 85 of mouse cage shape.
Residual broken mulch film can be realized by this device clear up and reclaim disposable completing.
Embodiment 5: with reference to Fig. 8, for the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 5, compared with embodiment 4, the difference of the present embodiment is: described moving tooth 80 is the finger-like body of rod, and finger-like lever front end is provided with a bend, and the both sides of picking up roller 81 barrel are dialled in the cross-shaped sensing of moving tooth 80 bend described in described bend, namely one on described barrel extricates from the left side of the bend sensing barrel of tooth 80, and another bend extricating from tooth 80 then points to the right side of barrel.
Embodiment 6: with reference to Figure 10, for the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 6, compared with embodiment before, the difference of the present embodiment is, in reclaiming the residual broken mulch film on intensive residual broken mulch film band, adopt the retracting device of one to carry out recovery operation, described separating mechanism of picking up comprises negative-pressure air fan 88, the front end of negative-pressure air fan 88 is provided with negative pressure suction inlet 87, and described conveying mechanism is the malleation carrier pipe 89 of negative-pressure air fan 88 rear end.
Embodiment 7: with reference to Figure 11, be the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 7, compared with embodiment before, the difference of the present embodiment is, moving tooth 80 is plate body.
Embodiment 8: with reference to Figure 12, be the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 8, compared with embodiment before, the difference of the present embodiment is, moving tooth 80 is dentate body.
Embodiment 9: before spring sowing cotton seed, use the device of embodiment 1-8 any embodiment, first the shallow-layer within 10 centimetres, earth's surface is loosened, afterwards horizontal combing is carried out to loose soil layer, residual broken mulch film combing in loose soil layer is laterally pooled to the band that side forms intensive residual broken mulch film, again the residual broken mulch film on the band of described intensive residual broken mulch film is reclaimed, after improving the growing environment of seeding layer, carry out seeding operation.
Embodiment 10: before spring corn seeding, use the device of embodiment 1-8 any embodiment, first the shallow-layer within 10 centimetres, earth's surface is loosened, afterwards horizontal combing is carried out to loose soil layer, residual broken mulch film combing in loose soil layer is laterally pooled to the band that side forms intensive residual broken mulch film, again the residual broken mulch film on the band of described intensive residual broken mulch film is reclaimed, after improving the growing environment of seeding layer, carry out seeding operation.
Embodiment 11: before autumn and winter wheat cultivation, use the device of embodiment 1-8 any embodiment, first the shallow-layer within 10 centimetres, earth's surface is loosened, afterwards horizontal combing is carried out to loose soil layer, residual broken mulch film combing in loose soil layer is laterally pooled to the band that side forms intensive residual broken mulch film, again the residual broken mulch film on the band of described intensive residual broken mulch film is reclaimed, after improving the growing environment of seeding layer, carry out seeding operation.
Embodiment 12: before sunflower sowing in spring, use the device of embodiment 1-8 any embodiment, first the shallow-layer within 10 centimetres, earth's surface is loosened, afterwards horizontal combing is carried out to loose soil layer, residual broken mulch film combing in loose soil layer is laterally pooled to the band that side forms intensive residual broken mulch film, again the residual broken mulch film on the band of described intensive residual broken mulch film is reclaimed, after improving the growing environment of seeding layer, carry out seeding operation.
Below be only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that above-mentioned preferred embodiment should not be considered as limitation of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with claim limited range.For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made and also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the method that reclaims of a residual broken mulch film and it is characterized in that:
First shallow surface is loosened, afterwards horizontal combing is carried out to loose soil layer, residual broken mulch film combing in loose soil layer is laterally pooled to the band that side forms intensive residual broken mulch film, the more residual broken mulch film on the band of described intensive residual broken mulch film is reclaimed.
2. the method for residual broken mulch film recovery according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described shallow surface refers to the soil layer within 10 centimetres, earth's surface.
3. the method for residual broken mulch film recovery according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: describedly carry out loose to shallow surface and described residual broken mulch film combing be pooled to side and form intensive residual broken mulch film band and adopt and carry out with lower device: comprise traction or hanger bracket (1), frame (2), tine group (4) and transmission mechanism (7), its improvements are: be provided with residual film at tine group (4) rear portion and hold together collecting mechanism, this residual film holds together collecting mechanism and comprises chain drive-belt (62), chain drive-belt (62) is provided with hugs film tooth (61) in array-like.
4. the method for residual broken mulch film recovery according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the described lower end of hugging film tooth (61) is provided with a bend.
5. the method that the residual broken mulch film according to claim 3 or 4 reclaims, is characterized in that: described residual film holds together collecting mechanism and is provided with gauge wheel (63).
6. the method that the residual broken mulch film according to any one of claim 3-5 reclaims, it is characterized in that: described tine group (4) and residual film hold together between collecting mechanism to be provided with hack mechanism (5), this hack mechanism (5) can be one or more the combination in pack roller or disk array.
7. the method that the residual broken mulch film according to any one of claim 3-6 reclaims, it is characterized in that: the residual broken mulch film on described residual broken mulch film band reclaims by picking up separating mechanism, described separating mechanism of picking up at least comprises pick-up mechanism, conveying mechanism and screening mechanism, pick-up mechanism comprise dial pick up roller (81) and guide plate (82), dialling and picking up roller (81) is a barrel, barrel is provided with densely covered moving tooth (80), and moving tooth (80) can be one or more mixture arbitrary in plate body, the finger-like body of rod or dentate body.
8. the method for residual broken mulch film recovery according to claim 7, is characterized in that:
Described conveying mechanism is conveyer belt (83), and conveyer belt (83) is provided with horizontal baffle plate (84), and described conveying mechanism is in grid or netted sieve nest.
9. the method that the residual broken mulch film according to claim 7 or 8 reclaims, it is characterized in that: described moving tooth (80) is the finger-like body of rod, and finger-like lever front end is provided with a bend, and the end of described bend point to proceeds posterolateral to, further, the both sides of picking up roller (81) barrel are dialled in the cross-shaped sensing of described moving tooth (80) bend.
10. a proportion of crop planting method, it is characterized in that: before carrying out crop seeding, after the method adopting the residual broken mulch film described in any one of claim 1-9 to reclaim processes tilled the land shallow surface, then sowed in the shallow surface after processing described carrying out.
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| CN201510389191.XA CN104919932B (en) | 2015-07-03 | 2015-07-03 | Method for recovering broken plastic films and crop planting method adopting same |
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| CN201510389191.XA CN104919932B (en) | 2015-07-03 | 2015-07-03 | Method for recovering broken plastic films and crop planting method adopting same |
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| CN104919932B CN104919932B (en) | 2017-02-01 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108848699A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2018-11-23 | 常占福 | A kind of mulch dish root separation and recovery machine |
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| CN103999585A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-08-27 | 石河子大学 | Residue film recycling machine |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3139939A (en) * | 1962-03-15 | 1964-07-07 | Floyd Graves | Power-driven field cultivator with soil-sifting attachment |
| CN203072323U (en) * | 2013-02-21 | 2013-07-24 | 昌吉市金世通农机制造有限公司 | Residual film recycling machine for tubers |
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| CN103718682A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-04-16 | 新疆科神农业装备科技开发有限公司 | Straw returning film residue picking up and cleaning baling operation method |
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