CN104982107A - Combined machine for preparing soil and recycling and baling residual films - Google Patents
Combined machine for preparing soil and recycling and baling residual films Download PDFInfo
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- CN104982107A CN104982107A CN201510465197.0A CN201510465197A CN104982107A CN 104982107 A CN104982107 A CN 104982107A CN 201510465197 A CN201510465197 A CN 201510465197A CN 104982107 A CN104982107 A CN 104982107A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a combined machine for preparing soil and recycling and baling residual films. The combined machine comprises a leveling mechanism (21) and a spike-tooth harrow group (62). The combined machine is characterized in that a chain harrow type pick-up mechanism is arranged behind the spike-tooth harrow group (62), and a separation film collecting mechanism and a collection box (31) are sequentially arranged behind the chain harrow type pick-up mechanism; the separation film collecting mechanism is a fence type screening mechanism. Compared with the prior art, according to the combined machine disclosed by the invention, the soil leveling and the recycling of residual films are organically combined and completed one time; when the soil is leveled, the residual films in a shallow ground layer are turned out, and when the mulching films are recycled, the soil is further raked; the soil preparing effect is improved, and the residual films in the shallow ground layer are also cleared and recycled, the purpose of getting twofold results with half effort is realized, so that the working efficiency is improved through less work; the environment of growth layers for soil crops is greatly improved, and particularly, crop seedlings can be guaranteed to grow in healthy environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural machinery, the combine of a kind of whole ground used plastic collection packing specifically.
Background technology
At present, the application of mulching film planting technology is very general, enormous benefits is brought to agricultural, but residual film is remaining in soil also becomes a serious problem, larger pollution and harm are also brought to soil and environment, soil makes plant growth be hindered because of white pollution, serious loses support capacity.
Therefore, in current production, people have given one's full attention to the mulch film recovery operation after to use, and carry out centralized recovery by various machinery, and most residual film in production is reclaimed, and massive pollution phenomenon is inhibited.But due to use year after year, in removal process, always have partly film fragment remain in and to be difficult in soil reclaim, and it is very poor that this part of residual film uses current mulching specially used recovery machinery to carry out operation recovering effect, as clearing and retrieving not in time, then to form collection tired, and work the mischief to the various operations in plantation.
The recovery one of current residual film adopts manual recovery, and mainly pick up more large stretch of residual film with floating on surface, soil, efficiency is low, and labour intensity is large.Two is that machinery reclaims.
Current main employing of recovery machinery hooks rake or screen type.Hook rake and pick up weak effect, be particularly difficult to work to tiny residual film fragment.
It is better that screen type collects effect, but efficiency is very low, is difficult to large-area applications.
The recovery machinery of current residual film mainly contains following a few class.
Directly play membrane type: 98212885.1 disclose skinning wheel, film feeding impeller and the volume film roller of a kind of volume type remnant film recoverer by sequentially installing after going to, skinning wheel there are the skinning gear teeth, film feeding impeller has adhesive tape blade, in the back lower place of skinning wheel, skinning guide rail is installed, be applicable to the mulch film before ploughing reclaim, then helpless for the residual film fragment remained in soil.
Rake formula: Chinese patent CN200420069544.5, CN200620158834.6, CN200720147138.X, CN201115333Y, CN200962716Y, CN2719003Y, farmland incomplete film-recovering machine disclosed in CN204377359U just belongs to this class machinery, rake is carried out mainly through elastic claw, this type of mechanism structure is simple, operating speed is fast, mainly for the recovery of this season mulch film during autumn harvest or after autumn harvest, be suitable for carrying out recovery operation to large stretch of mulch film, but almost effect is not had for the tiny residual film fragment in soil, broken small leftover for soil deep layer is difficult to reclaim.
Screening type: as the machine for recovering broken film disclosed in Chinese patent CN200720156741.4, CN200820103700.3, CN200520105700.3, CN201410464258.7.Operation is general, and also for special workover rig, be separated with earth by residual film mainly through screen cloth one class separating mechanism, operating efficiency is lower, is difficult to the needs adapting to produce.
Roll rake: as the plastic film residue collect mechanism disclosed in Chinese patent CN99213281.9, CN200820103942.2, CN200920164612.9, CN200520002575.3, CN200620114191.5, CN201220117766.4, CN95203438.7, CN201020604657.6, CN201010542303.8, CN201010284986.1, collecting reel mainly by being covered with thorn-like spike-tooth rolls in soil, residual film in soil is provoked by thorn-like spike-tooth, and Shua Mo mechanism that collecting reel is provided with rotary broom one class will reclaim under the residual film brush on thorn-like spike-tooth.The structural rate of this class mechanism is simple, can carry out combination and carry out integration of operation, be particularly suitable for the less important work in various farming with various Work machine.
Above-mentioned plastic film residue collect mechanism has better recovering effect mainly for a large amount of or large stretch of mulch film, and fritter fragment remaining in soil does not then almost have effect, and these little mulch film fragments can form accumulation in soil.For many years, the accumulation of these residual broken mulch films is quite serious, makes have a strong impact on farming, particularly very serious on the seed seedling growth impact of this season: always to have Some seeds and just sow on mulch film relic, make seed be difficult to take root smoothly.
Due to the existence of residual broken mulch film in former years, when seed is sowed on residual film, germination can be caused to take root difficulty, affect crop emerges, thus cause the underproduction.Existingly broadcast front machine for recovering broken film, mainly based on rake formula and chain harrow machine for recovering broken film, rake formula machine for recovering broken film, as
Chinese patent CN201310712777.6, CN201220168697.X, CN201320361901.4, CN200820301759.3, CN200920164612.9, CN201020521779.9, CN201020567250.0 then disclose the equipment picking up or be separated residual broken mulch film from soil, but these equipment for are all whole large-area soils, namely process widely in large-area soil
Therefore, being very difficult by cultivating that the residual broken mulch film remained in soil picks up or separate from soil for many years, having become a great problem in the plantation of current modern agriculture.
In agricultural tillage, seedbed preparation is the working procedure that China's dry land is generally carried out, and generally will carry out smooth, pine rake and suppression to the upper soll layer after turning over, and then carry out seeding operation.
But due to residual film a large amount of in farmland be trapped in smooth after soil in, harmful effect is caused to the germination of seeding process and after planting seed, therefore wholely to shallow surface carry out used plastic collection become whole ground after necessary operation procedure.Existing work pattern will " wholely " and " winder " be divided into twice program to carry out operation usually.For large-area farmland operation, existing tillage method is many to farmland rolling layer, can affect leveling operation effect to a certain extent, and operating cost increases substantially.
" a kind of shunting level land winder combine " that describe in patent CN203387853U by grading operation with broadcast before hug film and combine, achieve simple level land and winder integration of operation, but due to its be only level land is carried out to soil after, rake is used to hug film simply, not thorough to land readjustment, the effect that can not reclaim residual film, particularly winder is well got half the result with twice the effort, and therefore can not reach expection well has target.
For the problems referred to above, a kind of combined machine in conjunction with carrying out residual broken mulch film recovery packing while tillage operation just arises at the historic moment.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of combined machine in conjunction with carrying out residual broken mulch film recovery while tillage operation, particularly carrying out a tillage operation for the shallow surface before sowing, clearing cultivating the residual broken mulch film remained in soil for many years and the combine simultaneously carrying out reclaiming whole ground used plastic collection while leveling land.
Integration of operation device of the present invention, comprise flattening mechanism (21) and spike-tooth harrow group (62), it is characterized in that: after spike-tooth harrow group (62), be provided with mulch film picking up machine structure, this mulch film picking up machine structure is chain-and-harrow type pick-up mechanism, comprise frame and chain drive-belt A (42) picks up the chain harrow mechanism that ratch (41) forms by chain drive-belt A (42) with being clouded in, the upper end of chain harrow mechanism is articulated with the feeler mechanism suspended for axle swing formation in frame and with described pin joint, what chain harrow mechanism bottom was formed pick up ratch face is provided with guide plate A (44), this guide plate A (44) is plate body or paliform body, the lower end of guide plate A (44) is for picking up end, upper end is discharge end, disjoint set film mechanism and collecting box (31) is provided with successively after described discharge end,
Further, described guide plate A (44) is preferably plate body, and described plate body is in establishing fluted watt of spinulose tree fern tabular.
Described disjoint set film mechanism is one of following:
For fence type screening mechanism, this fence type screening mechanism forms the conveying sieve nest of conveying band by the grizzly bar (51) on chain drive-belt B (52) and chain drive-belt B (52), the mulch film picked up by chain-and-harrow type pick-up mechanism by this conveying sieve nest carries out sieving and sends into collecting box (31)
Or
For air-sucking type screening mechanism, this air-sucking type screening mechanism comprises transverse conveying mechanism (46) and negative-pressure air fan (56), negative-pressure air fan (56) is provided with negative pressure suction nozzle (57) and malleation outlet, and on the conveyor surface that negative pressure suction nozzle (57) is positioned at transverse conveying mechanism (46), malleation exports into collecting box (31).
Further, when described disjoint set film mechanism is fence type screening mechanism, two groups are preferably provided with by the transverse conveying mechanism (46) carried in the middle of two side direction after described mulch film picking up machine structure, by transverse conveying mechanism (46), the mulch film of recovery is transported to middle part, disjoint set film mechanism then arranges one group.
Further, below between above-mentioned two groups of transverse conveying mechanisms (46) is provided with guide plate B (45) and pulverization roller (53), this pulverization roller (53) is installed in the slotted hole in frame, the gravity of self can be relied in slotted hole to realize profile modeling function, pulverization roller (53) bottom is provided with backing roll (63), this backing roll (63) on the one hand can frames, can coordinate on the other hand is pulverized by the soil block be mingled in mulch film with pulverization roller (53).
Further, the chain drive-belt B (52) of described fence type screening mechanism is provided with connecting rod (55) preferably by support 54, described grizzly bar (51) at least two one group is arranged on connecting rod (55);
Again further, be provided with packer (61) at rear portion, the soil after mulch film clearing and retrieving is suppressed.
Again further, preferably arrange shedding mechanism in above-mentioned collecting box (31) and unloaded by collected mulch film, described shedding mechanism is preferably conveyer belt.
Again further, for discharging is thorough, conveyer belt (33) surface is preferably provided with horizontal raised line (34), and the collecting box side plate at conveyer belt (33) both ends is provided with discharge door (35).
Again further, packing or binding mechanism are preferably set in collecting box (31), when mulch film amasss full, unload after mulch film being broken into bag or bundle, described packing or the best structure of binding mechanism as follows: be provided with in the space in collecting box (31) casing at least one around passage, this passage is the open channel-shaped of side and is provided with strap to penetrate mouth and export, and strap penetrates mouth and export converges in the edge of casing, converge a mouthful place and be provided with strap end socket mechanism.
The course of work main points of combined machine of the present invention are as follows: first carry out leveling operation to soil, carry out while rake loosens, the residual broken mulch film in top layer, soil being turned over rake to earth's surface to the top layer, soil after smooth more afterwards, reclaim turning over the residual broken mulch film of rake to earth's surface, detailed process is as follows again:
Land readjustment: use flattening mechanism (21) that soil is carried out scraped finish, make the large face on ground smooth;
Rake loosens: use spike-tooth harrow group (62) to carry out rake to top layer, soil and loosen, and the residual broken mulch film in top layer, soil is turned over rake to earth's surface;
Mulch film is picked up: the residual broken mulch film of shallow surface is picked up by usage chain rake pick-up mechanism, this chain-and-harrow type pick-up mechanism comprises frame and by chain drive-belt A (42) be clouded in chain drive-belt A (42) picks up the chain harrow mechanism that ratch (41) forms, the upper end of chain harrow mechanism is articulated with the feeler mechanism suspended for axle swing formation in frame and with described pin joint, what chain harrow mechanism bottom was formed pick up ratch face is provided with guide plate A (44), this guide plate A (44) is plate body or paliform body, the mulch film of shallow surface is picked up.
Described guide plate A (44) is preferably plate body, and described plate body is preferably in establishing fluted watt of spinulose tree fern tabular.
Disjoint set film: the mulch film picked up is separated further by disjoint set film mechanism and collects and send into collecting box (31), carry out especially by one of following manner:
The mulch film picked up by chain-and-harrow type pick-up mechanism by fence type screening mechanism is carried out sieving and sends into collecting box (31), described fence type screening mechanism forms the conveying sieve nest of conveying band by the grizzly bar (51) on chain drive-belt B (52) and chain drive-belt B (52), and the mulch film picked up by chain-and-harrow type pick-up mechanism by this conveying sieve nest carries out sieving and sends into collecting box (31).
Or
Transverse conveying mechanism (46) is set, the mulch film picked up by chain-and-harrow type pick-up mechanism carries out lateral transfer by transverse conveying mechanism (46), is sucked by the mulch film on transverse conveying mechanism (46) and is sent into collecting box (31) in lateral transfer process by negative pressure aspiration mouth (55).
Further, by packer (61), the soil after mulch film clearing and retrieving is suppressed.
Further, the mulch film in above-mentioned collecting box (31) is one of in the following way process preferably:
When advancing to the edge of a field, unloaded by collected mulch film by arranging shedding mechanism in collecting box (31), described shedding mechanism is the one in conveyer belt or tipping bucket;
Or
Packing or binding mechanism are set in collecting box (31), when mulch film amasss full, unload after mulch film being broken into bag or bundle, described packing or binding mechanism structure as follows: be provided with in the space in collecting box (31) casing at least one around passage, this passage is the open channel-shaped of side and is provided with strap to penetrate mouth and export, and strap penetrates mouth and export converges in the edge of casing, converge a mouthful place and be provided with strap end socket mechanism.
Compared with prior art, method of the present invention will be leveled land and used plastic collection once completes, organically combine, while leveling land, the residual film comb in shallow surface is routed up, while recovery mulch film, further rake is carried out to soil again, not only improve land readjustment effect, and the clearing and retrieving residual film of shallow surface, operating efficiency is got twice the result with half the effort, and the environment of native plant growth layer is improved greatly, particularly ensure that crop seedling can grow in comparatively healthy environment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the main structural representation looked of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that Fig. 1 overlooks.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1 collecting box.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of Fig. 3 side-looking.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1 fence type screening mechanism.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation that Fig. 5 overlooks.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 2 negative pressure disjoint set film mechanism.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation that Fig. 7 left side is looked.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 3 guide plate A.
Figure 10 is the structural representation of packing or binding mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention 4 collecting box.
Figure 11 is the structural representation that in the embodiment of the present invention 4 collecting box, packing or binding mechanism are overlooked.
Shown in figure: 1 is hitch frame, 21 is flattening mechanism, 22 is hydraulicefficiency elevation structure, 23 is gauge wheel, 24 is clean-up scraper, 31 is collecting box, 32 is collecting box side plate, 33 is conveyer belt, 34 is raised line, 35 is discharge door, 36 is support column, 37 is strap, 38 is sealer, 39 is reel, 41 for picking up ratch, 42 is chain drive-belt A, 43 is brush roll, 44 is guide plate A, 45 is guide plate B, 46 is transverse conveying mechanism, 51 is grizzly bar, 52 is chain drive-belt B, 53 is pulverization roller, 54 is support, 55 is connecting rod, 56 is negative-pressure air fan, 57 is negative pressure suction nozzle, 61 is packer, 62 is spike-tooth harrow group, 63 is backing roll.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: with reference to accompanying drawing 1-Fig. 6, be the structural representation of the integration of operation device of the embodiment of the present invention 1, comprise hitch frame 1, flattening mechanism 21, spike-tooth harrow group 62, packer 61 and collecting box 31.
Described flattening mechanism 21 comprises clean-up scraper 23, gauge wheel 23 and hydraulicefficiency elevation structure 22.
The collecting box side plate 32 of the front portion of described collecting box 31 is dodge gate, in collecting box 31, shedding mechanism is set, so that collected mulch film is unloaded, described shedding mechanism is conveyer belt 33, for discharging is thorough, conveyer belt 33 surface is provided with horizontal raised line 34, and the collecting box side plate at conveyer belt 33 both ends is provided with discharge door 35.
Mulch film picking up machine structure is provided with after spike-tooth harrow group 62, this mulch film picking up machine structure is chain-and-harrow type pick-up mechanism, comprise frame and chain drive-belt A42 picks up the chain harrow mechanism that ratch 41 forms by chain drive-belt A42 with being clouded in, the upper end of chain harrow mechanism is articulated with the feeler mechanism suspended for axle swing formation in frame and with described pin joint, what chain harrow mechanism bottom was formed pick up ratch face is provided with guide plate A44, this guide plate A44 is paliform body, the lower end of guide plate A44 is for picking up end, upper end is discharge end, brush roll 43 is provided with at the place of chain harrow mechanism of discharge end, so that the residual film brush picked up on ratch 41 is fallen.
Described disjoint set film mechanism is fence type screening mechanism, this fence type screening mechanism forms the conveying sieve nest of conveying band by the grizzly bar 51 on chain drive-belt B52 and chain drive-belt B52, chain drive-belt B52 is provided with connecting rod 55 by support 54, described grizzly bar 51 3 one group is arranged on connecting rod 55, and the mulch film that chain-and-harrow type pick-up mechanism is picked up by this conveying sieve nest carries out sieving and sends into collecting box 31.
Described mulch film picking up machine structure is provided with 4 groups, two groups are provided with by the transverse conveying mechanism 46 carried in the middle of two side direction below brush roll 43, the present embodiment is two groups of conveyer belts, it can certainly be the conveying mechanism of other type, as scraper conveyor structure, the mulch film of recovery is transported to middle part by transverse conveying mechanism 46, disjoint set film mechanism then arranges one group, below between above-mentioned two groups of conveyer belts is provided with guide plate B45 and pulverization roller 53, this pulverization roller 53 is installed in the slotted hole in frame, the gravity of self can be relied in slotted hole to realize profile modeling function, pulverization roller 53 bottom is provided with backing roll 63, this backing roll 63 1 aspect can frames, can coordinate with pulverization roller 53 on the other hand and the soil block be mingled in mulch film is pulverized.
Whole ground used plastic collection may be realized by used plastic collection integration of operation device in whole ground of the present invention once to complete, detailed process is: first use flattening mechanism 21 that soil is carried out scraped finish, make the large face on ground smooth, carry out rake by top layer, spike-tooth harrow group 62 pairs of soils again to loosen, residual broken mulch film in top layer, soil is turned over the shallow-layer of harrowing earth's surface or earth's surface simultaneously, the residual broken mulch film of shallow surface is picked up by usage chain rake pick-up mechanism, the mulch film feeding disjoint set film mechanism picked up carries out being separated rear collection feeding collecting box 31 further, after mechanism runs to the edge of a field or appointed place, by the shedding mechanism arranged in collecting box 31, collected mulch film is unloaded.
Embodiment 2: with reference to Fig. 7, Fig. 8, for the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 2, compared with embodiment 1, the difference of the present embodiment is: described disjoint set film mechanism is air-sucking type screening mechanism, this air-sucking type screening mechanism comprises transverse conveying mechanism 46 and negative-pressure air fan 56, negative-pressure air fan 56 is provided with negative pressure suction nozzle 57 and malleation outlet, and transverse conveying mechanism 46 is one group of conveyer belt, and on the conveyor surface that negative pressure suction nozzle 57 is positioned at the conveyer belt of transverse conveying mechanism 46, malleation exports into collecting box 31.
In using, residual broken mulch film carries out picking up by chain-and-harrow type pick-up mechanism sends into transverse conveying mechanism 46 surface, and siphon away recovery through negative pressure suction nozzle 57 by mulch film when running with transverse conveying mechanism 46, the heavier foreign material such as soil block are then left.
Embodiment 3: with reference to Fig. 9, be the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 3, compared with embodiment 1, the difference of the present embodiment is: described guide plate A44 is in establishing fluted watt of spinulose tree fern tabular.
Embodiment 4: with reference to Fig. 9, for the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 3, compared with embodiment 1, the difference of the present embodiment is: in collecting box 31, arrange packing or binding mechanism, when mulch film amasss full, unload after mulch film being broken into bag or bundle, described packing or binding mechanism structure as follows: by the support column 36 of setting in a week inside wall panel in the space in collecting box 31 casing, form one around passage, this passage is the open channel-shaped of side and is provided with strap 37 to penetrate mouth and export, and strap penetrates mouth and export converges in the edge of casing, converge a mouthful place and be provided with strap sealer 38.
During work, penetrated by strap 37, after mulch film collection in case is full, after overall for support column pass-out, then can tighten up reel 39 and strap 37 is strained, strap 37 is being converged mouth button or is clinging by sealer 38.
Below be only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that above-mentioned preferred embodiment should not be considered as limitation of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with claim limited range.For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made and also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a whole ground used plastic collection packing combine, comprise flattening mechanism (21) and spike-tooth harrow group (62), it is characterized in that: after spike-tooth harrow group (62), be provided with mulch film picking up machine structure, this mulch film picking up machine structure is chain-and-harrow type pick-up mechanism, comprise frame and by chain drive-belt A(42) be clouded in chain drive-belt A(42) on pick up the chain harrow mechanism that ratch (41) forms, the upper end of chain harrow mechanism is articulated with the feeler mechanism suspended for axle swing formation in frame and with described pin joint, what chain harrow mechanism bottom was formed pick up ratch face is provided with guide plate A(44), this guide plate A(44) be plate body or paliform body, guide plate A(44) lower end for picking up end, upper end is discharge end, disjoint set film mechanism and collecting box (31) is provided with successively after described discharge end,
Described disjoint set film mechanism is air-sucking type screening mechanism, this air-sucking type screening mechanism comprises transverse conveying mechanism (46) and negative-pressure air fan (56), negative-pressure air fan (56) is provided with negative pressure suction nozzle (57) and malleation outlet, and on the conveyor surface that negative pressure suction nozzle (57) is positioned at transverse conveying mechanism (46), malleation exports into collecting box (31).
2. whole ground according to claim 1 used plastic collection packing combine, is characterized in that:
Arrange shedding mechanism in described collecting box (31) collected mulch film is unloaded.Described shedding mechanism is preferably conveyer belt.
3. whole ground according to claim 1 used plastic collection packing combine, is characterized in that: described shedding mechanism is conveyer belt.
4. whole ground according to claim 3 used plastic collection packing combine, it is characterized in that: described conveyer belt (33) surface is provided with horizontal raised line (34), the collecting box side plate at conveyer belt (33) both ends is provided with discharge door (35).
5. whole ground according to claim 1 used plastic collection packing combine, is characterized in that: in collecting box (31), arrange packing or binding mechanism again.
6. according to the whole ground used plastic collection packing combine that claim 5 is stated, it is characterized in that: described packing or binding mechanism structure as follows: be provided with in the space in collecting box (31) casing at least one around passage, this passage is the open channel-shaped of side and is provided with strap to penetrate mouth and export, and strap penetrates mouth and export converges in the edge of casing, converge a mouthful place and be provided with strap end socket mechanism.
7. the whole ground used plastic collection packing combine according to claim 1 ~ 6 one, is characterized in that: be provided with packer (61) at frame rear portion.
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CN105874935A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-08-24 | 吉林省农业机械研究院 | Big ridge and double line type farmland residual film recovery device |
CN109874581A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-06-14 | 潍坊高航机械科技有限公司 | Field used plastic collection device |
CN110150001A (en) * | 2019-06-30 | 2019-08-23 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of roller type machine for recycling mulch film |
CN114271051A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-04-05 | 喀什供销世平农业发展有限公司 | High-efficient novel rotary drum formula plastic film residue collector |
CN114982484A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-09-02 | 沈阳农业大学 | Pick-up type straw deep-burying returning machine |
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