CN104910773A - 用于风力涡轮机叶片的抗冰涂料 - Google Patents

用于风力涡轮机叶片的抗冰涂料 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104910773A
CN104910773A CN201510104227.5A CN201510104227A CN104910773A CN 104910773 A CN104910773 A CN 104910773A CN 201510104227 A CN201510104227 A CN 201510104227A CN 104910773 A CN104910773 A CN 104910773A
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coating
ice
wind turbine
basic
blade
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玛丽亚·尤尔迪·桑圭萨
罗萨里奥·马丁内斯·奥尔蒂戈斯
阿尔穆德纳·穆诺兹·巴比亚诺
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Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy Innovation and Technology SL
Gamesa Eolica SA
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/45—Anti-settling agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
    • C08K3/36—Silica
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
    • C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
    • C09D7/62—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic modified by treatment with other compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/18—Materials not provided for elsewhere for application to surfaces to minimize adherence of ice, mist or water thereto; Thawing or antifreeze materials for application to surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0675—Rotors characterised by their construction elements of the blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/40—Ice detection; De-icing means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
    • C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
    • C08K9/06—Ingredients treated with organic substances with silicon-containing compounds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05B2230/90—Coating; Surface treatment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

一种用于风力涡轮机叶片的抗冰涂料，其包括基础涂料，所述基础涂料包括溶剂和疏水成分，所述疏水成分包括纳米颗粒，其中，所述基础涂料是聚氨酯高固体分涂料，而所述纳米颗粒是包括硅芯以及与叶片涂料相容的疏水有机硅涂层的大体球形化合物。

Description

用于风力涡轮机叶片的抗冰涂料
技术领域
本发明涉及用于风力涡轮机的工业涂层技术领域，尤其是抗冰涂料。
背景技术
风力涡轮机叶片的空气动力特性对风力涡轮机机性能而言是至关重要的。在寒冷的季节和在寒冷的气候中，叶片遭受其外表面上结冰的情况。冰的积聚，尤其在前缘区域上，对叶片的空气动力特性具有负面甚至严重的影响，因为它不仅影响风机的能量性能而且还通过在运行的风力涡轮机中产生振动和不平衡影响转子结构载荷，因此在部件上造成更大的磨损。极端的冰积聚，甚至可以引起强制关机。结冰叶片的显著速度和高度同样地招致危险，因为已经形成在叶片上的大冰块可能脱离并且以提升的速度落下。
已经设想多种系统来处理风轮机叶片上冰的形成，例如主动和被动的抗冰和除冰系统。
一个被动的抗冰系统需要用抗冰涂料例如氟基黑色涂料涂敷叶片以在白天吸收热能并且在晚上释放热能，从而加热叶片表面并且在一定程度上有助于防止冰的形成。然而，这类涂料的有效性极其有限，特别是在非常寒冷的气候中或者在非常短的冬天。疏水物是另一种类型的抗冰涂料。它们阻止水粘附到叶片表面，并且因此阻止冰形成。然而，这类涂料易于随着时间的推移变成多孔的并且失去其防冰特性，而且涂料因此需要修复，导致本身高成本，因为在相应的工作中风力涡轮机必须关闭。此外，疏水性的增加导致粘附力降低，这可能导致涂料在叶片表面上粘附问题。
例如，文献ES2230913T3和GB2463675A中记载了用于风力涡轮机叶片的抗冰涂料。
发明内容
本发明的目的是通过一种用于风力涡轮机叶片的抗冰涂料来克服现有技术中的上述缺点，所述抗冰涂料包括基础涂料，所述基础涂料包括溶剂和疏水成分，所述疏水成分包括纳米颗粒，其中，所述基础涂料是聚氨酯高固体分(high solid)涂料，而且所述纳米颗粒是包括硅芯以及与叶片涂料相容的疏水有机硅涂层的大体球形化合物。
在本发明的一优选实施例中，纳米颗粒的硅芯包括硅粉。而基础涂料是聚氨酯树脂涂料。
优选地，化合物纳米颗粒作为分散体存在于基础涂料中。抗冰涂料可以包括非极性系统中的分散剂以便于分散体的形成。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述溶剂是中等极性的有机溶剂。
对本发明的抗冰涂料和风力涡轮机上使用的传统材料进行对比测试认为，本发明的抗冰涂料与传统的涂料具有相同的颜色、不透明度、光泽度、粘附性、磨损、氧化和层离特性，但本发明的抗冰涂料显著地改善了抗雨蚀和抗冰特性。
本发明还涉及前面所述涂料作为风力涡轮机叶片涂层的使用，而且涉及包括涂敷有上面所述抗冰涂料的外表面的风力涡轮机叶片。
具体实施方式
示例1
通过磁力搅拌，混合中等极性有机溶剂和分散剂来准备溶剂组合物。
将涂敷有有机硅化合物的硅粉芯纳米颗粒添加剂添加到溶剂组合物中而且通过机械搅拌混合两种成分以获得纳米颗粒的分散体。
纳米颗粒的分散体通过机械搅拌与标准基础涂料和固化剂混合，获得根据本发明的抗冰涂料。
示例2
抗冰涂料和标准涂料被应用到风力涡轮机叶片上使用的传统材料的各个层，然后被测试以确定它们的颜色、不透明度、光泽度、粘附性、磨损、氧化、开裂和层离、耐雨蚀和抗冰特性。下面的表格列出了测试结果：

Claims (8)

1.用于风力涡轮机叶片的抗冰涂料，其包括基础涂料，所述基础涂料包括溶剂和疏水成分，所述疏水成分包括纳米颗粒，其中，所述基础涂料是聚氨酯高固体分涂料而且所述纳米颗粒是包括硅芯以及与叶片涂料相容的疏水有机硅涂层的大体球形化合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的抗冰涂料，其中，所述硅芯包括硅粉。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的抗冰涂料，其中，所述基础涂料是聚氨酯树脂涂料。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的抗冰涂料，其中，所述涂料包括非极性系统中的分散剂。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任何一项所述的抗冰涂料，其中，所述化合物纳米颗粒以分散体的形式存在于基础涂料中。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任何一项所述的抗冰涂料，其中，所述溶剂是中等极性的有机溶剂。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任何一项所述的抗冰涂料的使用，作为风力涡轮机叶片的涂层。
8.风力涡轮机叶片，其包括外表面，其中，所述外表面的至少一部分由权利要求1-6中任何一项所述的抗冰涂料涂敷。
CN201510104227.5A 2014-03-11 2015-03-10 用于风力涡轮机叶片的抗冰涂料 Pending CN104910773A (zh)

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ES201400193A ES2545675B1 (es) 2014-03-11 2014-03-11 Pintura anti-hielo para palas de aerogeneradores
ESP201400193 2014-03-11

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US (1) US20150260165A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP2918829A1 (zh)
CN (1) CN104910773A (zh)
BR (1) BR102015005455A2 (zh)
ES (1) ES2545675B1 (zh)
MX (1) MX2015003179A (zh)

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ES2545675B1 (es) 2016-09-15
ES2545675R1 (es) 2015-12-07
US20150260165A1 (en) 2015-09-17
ES2545675A2 (es) 2015-09-14
MX2015003179A (es) 2015-10-29
EP2918829A1 (en) 2015-09-16

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Application publication date: 20150916