CN104896926B - The heating furnace of a kind of multiple hearth structure and method for designing thereof and purposes - Google Patents
The heating furnace of a kind of multiple hearth structure and method for designing thereof and purposes Download PDFInfo
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- CN104896926B CN104896926B CN201510292492.0A CN201510292492A CN104896926B CN 104896926 B CN104896926 B CN 104896926B CN 201510292492 A CN201510292492 A CN 201510292492A CN 104896926 B CN104896926 B CN 104896926B
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- burner hearth
- burner
- hearth
- switch boards
- heating furnace
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
The heating furnace of a kind of multiple hearth structure and method for designing thereof and purposes, described heating furnace includes that feed pipe, burner, body of heater, outlet conduit, described burner are 1, includes at least two burner hearth in described body of heater；The entrance of each burner hearth includes heat insulation switch boards to be opened/closed；Each burner hearth arranges teletransmission differential manometer the most between the inlet；For charging space between described burner and burner hearth, described feed pipe is passed through described charging space；Each burner hearth includes outlet conduit respectively, includes thermal insulating filling between adjacent burner hearth.The present invention is not under conditions of changing boiler tube configuration, furnace tube material, number of burners, another burner hearth can be switched in the case of a burner hearth goes wrong in time heat, overall heating furnace need not be carried out parking maintenance, extend because heating furnace overhauls the cycle causing device to stop, improve the stability of plant running, and more standby boiler need not be set, significantly reduce cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the heating furnace of a kind of multiple hearth structure, belong to petrochemical industry and coal chemical technology.
Background technology
Heating furnace, is widely used a kind of firing equipment, its effect in oil, chemical industry, metallurgy, electric power and gas industry
It is with fuel oil or combustion gas as fuel, oil product or other medium will be heated.To meet the upstream device temperature to process-stream
Requirement.In petroleum chemical industry, tubular heater produces, as offer petrochemical industry, a kind of heat supply means needing heat energy and obtains
Arrive extensive utilization.
Tubular heater is typically made up of radiation chamber, convection cell, residual neat recovering system, burner and ventilating system five part.
Radiation chamber and convection cell are built with boiler tube, and this part is directly roasted by flame, and temperature is the highest, it is necessary in taking into full account boiler tube
The probability of coking.At the bottom of radiation chamber, side room or top equipped with nozzles, at chimney built with baffle plate.Low-temperature material first flows
Enter convection cell boiler tube, pass through radiation chamber boiler tube, in burner hearth, become high-temperature material after heat absorption and flow out.
Boiler tube is the important component that heating furnace carries out heat transmission.Boiler tube runs under severe conditions, directly sees fire.Owing to setting
Can not leave the highest safety coefficient (otherwise, boiler tube can be blocked up) on meter, therefore easy than other common apparatus in factory damage
Bad.The Main Morphology of coil damage has: trommel, deform, rupture, bulge, inside and outside corrosion etc..
Reduce the time between overhauls(TBO), even damage the comprehensive function that furnace tubing is many factors and cause, wherein tube inner corrosion and coking
It it is main cause.Corrosion refers to acidity that heated medium contains or the chemical attack that boiler tube is caused by alkaline matter；Coking is stove
There is thermal cracking after exceeding certain limit in the oil product temperature in pipe, becomes free charcoal, the phenomenon being stacked on boiler tube.
In recent years, along with being continuously increased of oil extraction amount and the continuous of conventional crude reserves reduce, crude oil in poor quality trend is more come
The most serious.Intermediate oil that crude oil and crude oil straight run distillation obtain and the centre that the secondary operations such as coking, catalytic cracking obtains evaporate
Point S, N content gradually rise, hydrocarbon molecule chain is progressively longer, this just performance to heating furnace and furnace tubing propose bigger
Test.The PROCESS FOR TREATMENT such as coal liquefaction is mixing with oil coal are that molecular weight is bigger, the higher medium of S, N content, therefore, and these
Technique is also faced with same perishable, the problem of coking.
How to solve that the fluctuation of service because furnace tube corrosion and coking bring, the load that goes into operation be low, the frequently even problem such as parking maintenance
Become study hotspot.At present, how the emphasis of research is mainly reducing the infringement that boiler tube brings because of corrosion and coking, such as
Patents is had to propose, by transformation heating-furnace form of tubes, to be coated with refractory layer in boiler tube medial and lateral, add the methods such as protecting part and prolong
Long boiler tube service life, this no doubt can reduce the infringement that boiler tube is caused by the factors such as corrosion and coking, but and unresolved because of fixed
The problem that phase clears up the coking material in furnace tubing and causes device to stop.Current chemical plant and oil plant majority are taked to arrange standby
With the mode of heating furnace make up heating furnace can not the defect of long-term operation, this way makes investment and floor space increase
Add, and the preheating of heating furnace and handover operation the most loaded down with trivial details.
Ensureing that safe and stable arrangement operation is the guiding theory of engineering design, the time between overhauls(TBO) of extension device is then key point.
Summary of the invention
For solving problem of the prior art, the present invention proposes the heating furnace of a kind of multiple hearth structure, adding in a burner hearth
When hot boiler tube is because of factor impact operations such as burn into coking and blockings, automatic or manual is switched to another one burner hearth, it is achieved continuously
Operation, this most fundamentally solves the problem causing device to stop because of tube coking.
Technical scheme is as follows:
The heating furnace of a kind of multiple hearth structure, including feed pipe, burner, body of heater, outlet conduit, it is characterised in that
Described burner is 1, includes at least 2, is preferably 2-3 burner hearth in described body of heater；The entrance of each burner hearth includes can opening and closing
Heat insulation switch boards；Each burner hearth arranges teletransmission differential manometer the most between the inlet；Between described burner and burner hearth
Including charging space, described feed pipe is passed through described charging space；Each burner hearth includes outlet conduit, adjacent burner hearth respectively
Between include thermal insulating filling.
Described burner is preferably strong mixed burner.
The switch boards of the burner hearth that preferred described teletransmission differential manometer pressure drop is currently in use more than closedown during 0.05-1MPa, opens another
Burner hearth.
The switch boards of different burner hearths can be switched over by the dual switched system of burner hearth automatic or manual.
In burner hearth, the state of medium is pure liquid phase, pure gas phase, biphase gas and liquid flow, gas, liquid, solid body three-phase flow or produces in stove
Phase change.
The heating means of above-mentioned heating furnace, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Opening the switch boards of one of them burner hearth, raw material is introduced into charging space then by the switch boards opened by feed pipe
Entering this burner hearth, the burner hearth opened is heated by described burner；By the pressure drop in the burner hearth that the monitoring of teletransmission differential manometer is opened,
When pressure drop exceedes setting value, another burner hearth is preheated；Then the outlet conduit of another burner hearth described is opened；Then
The switch boards of former use burner hearth is closed, and another burner hearth switch boards the most described is opened；Turn off the outlet conduit of former use burner hearth
Valve；Purge former use burner hearth, cooling, overhaul, another burner hearth the most described is operated.
Described setting value is preferably 0.05-1MPa.
The purposes of above-mentioned heating furnace, it is characterised in that coal is mixing adds for residual oil heating furnace, residual hydrogenation or oil in oil plant
The vacuum furnace of hydrogen.
Also include the method for designing of the heating furnace of above-mentioned multiple hearth structure.
Technique effect:
The present invention proposes the heating furnace of a kind of multiple hearth structure, and the furnace tubing in a burner hearth is because of burn into coking and blocks up
During the factor impact operations such as plug, automatic or manual is switched to another one burner hearth, it is achieved continuous operation, this most fundamentally solves
Because tube coking causes the problem that device stops.Wherein burner is strong mixed burner, quantity only must 1, the turnover of single burner hearth
Mouth arranges teletransmission differential manometer, and to detect the stopping state in boiler tube, pressure drop starts switch boards when exceeding setting value (0.05-1MPa),
The most changeable burner hearth.After burner hearth is closed, burner hearth can be used steam blowing, factory's wind is swept, and naturally cools to room temperature, then
Overhaul.Owing to switch boards is adiabatic and also includes thermal insulating filling between burner hearth, therefore the heating of another burner hearth opened is not
The maintenance being turned off burner hearth can be affected.
The present invention is not under conditions of changing boiler tube configuration, furnace tube material, number of burners, in the feelings that a burner hearth goes wrong
Another burner hearth can be switched under condition in time heat, overall heating furnace need not be carried out parking maintenance, extend because of heating
Stove maintenance causes the cycle that device stops, and improves the stability of plant running, and need not arrange more standby boiler, significantly
The reduction cost of degree.
1, substantially prolongs the repair time that heating furnace is overall, beneficially stove safe operation；
2, the automaticity of burner hearth switching is high, it is simple to operation；
3, manual switching is retained, safer；
4, compared to being arranged in parallel supplementary heater, the equipment high due to costs such as burners is saved, and therefore can save equipment
Investment 30-50%, cost saving 40-70%；
5, compared to being arranged in parallel supplementary heater, save and take up an area more than 60%.
Due to residual hydrogenation and the oil PROCESS FOR TREATMENT such as coal is mixing is that molecular weight is bigger, the higher medium of S, N content, therefore, and this
A little techniques are more easy to occur the problem of burn into coking, and the maintenance rate of burner hearth is high, therefore the present invention is especially suitable for adding of process above
Hot program, becomes apparent from compared with being arranged in parallel its effect of heating furnace.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the sketch of twin furnace embodiment of the present invention.
In figure, each label lists as follows:
1-feed pipe, 2-burner, 3-A burner hearth, 4-B burner hearth, 5-A furnace outlet pipeline, 6-B furnace outlet pipeline, 7-
Furnace outlet total pipeline, 8-A burner hearth boiler tube differential manometer, 9-B burner hearth boiler tube differential manometer, 10-A burner hearth switch boards, 11-B burner hearth is cut
Changing plate, 12-combustion gas charging aperture, 13-feeds space.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to preferably explain the present invention, below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings, the present invention is further explained.
Embodiment
The present embodiment is as it is shown in figure 1, be applied to residual oil heating.A burner hearth 3 and B burner hearth 4 is included in body of heater；Burner 2 is
Two burner hearths, including combustion gas charging aperture 12, can be heated by 1 burner the most mixed.Each burner hearth respectively at entrance and
A burner hearth boiler tube differential manometer 8 and B burner hearth boiler tube differential manometer 9 is set between outlet, feed pipe 1 be passed through after body of heater with burner hearth
For feeding the space in the body of heater between space 13, namely burner 2 and two burner hearths between entrance, material to be heated is from entering
Pipe material 1 initially enters charging space 13 after entering body of heater, the entrance of each burner hearth includes thermal insulation, A stove to be opened/closed respectively
Thorax switch boards 10 and B burner hearth switch boards 11, when switch boards is opened, material enters the burner hearth of corresponding unlatching from charging space,
Each burner hearth includes A furnace outlet pipeline 5 and B furnace outlet pipeline 6 respectively and collects for furnace outlet total pipeline 7.Burner hearth
Between the thermal insulating filling had three layers is set, thermal insulating filling uses resistant to elevated temperatures space flight ceramic material, it is possible to accomplish not use burner hearth
Temperature is room temperature, it is possible to realizes heat insulation temperature range and may be up to 1200 DEG C-1750 DEG C.
Original state: A burner hearth 3 heats.
Switching condition: when A burner hearth boiler tube differential manometer 8 numerical value is more than 0.1MPa；
Switching prepares: utilize a small amount of combustion gas to preheat in B burner hearth 4；
Handoff procedure: signal is passed to B furnace outlet pipeline valve pressure transmitter, B furnace outlet pipeline by (1) differential manometer
6 open；(2) signal is passed to burner hearth switch boards transmitter by differential manometer, and A burner hearth switch boards 10 is closed, and B burner hearth is cut simultaneously
Change plate 11 to open；(3) A furnace outlet pipeline 5 valve is closed；
Switching completes: purging A burner hearth 3, natural cooling, overhauls, and B burner hearth 4 heats simultaneously.According to above-mentioned journey
Sequence circulates.
The foregoing is only the present invention preferably detailed description of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any ripe
Know those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the invention discloses, change can be readily occurred in or replace, such as burner hearth number
Amount, size, the form of switch boards, the form of pipeline and connected mode etc., all should contain within protection scope of the present invention.
Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (9)
1. the heating means of the heating furnace of a multiple hearth structure, it is characterised in that described heating furnace include feed pipe,
Burner, body of heater, outlet conduit, described burner is 1, includes at least two burner hearth in described body of heater；Each burner hearth
Entrance includes heat insulation switch boards to be opened/closed；Each burner hearth arranges teletransmission differential manometer the most between the inlet；Described combustion
For charging space between burner and burner hearth, described feed pipe is passed through described charging space；Each burner hearth includes outlet conduit respectively,
Include thermal insulating filling between adjacent burner hearth, said method comprising the steps of:
Opening the switch boards of one of them burner hearth, raw material is introduced into charging space then by the switch boards opened by feed pipe
Entering the burner hearth of this unlatching, the burner hearth opened is heated by described burner；By in the burner hearth that the monitoring of teletransmission differential manometer is opened
Pressure drop, when pressure drop exceedes setting value, another burner hearth is preheated；Then the outlet conduit of another burner hearth described is beaten
Open；The switch boards of the most former use burner hearth is closed, and another burner hearth switch boards the most described is opened；Turn off former use burner hearth
Outlet conduit valve；Purge former use burner hearth, cooling, overhaul, another burner hearth the most described is operated.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described burner hearth is 2-3.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described burner is strong mixed burner.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described teletransmission differential manometer pressure drop is just being closed more than during 0.05-1MPa
In the switch boards of the burner hearth used, open another burner hearth.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that include the most dual switched system of burner hearth.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in burner hearth, the state of medium is pure liquid phase, pure gas phase, gas-liquid
Two phase flow, gas, liquid, solid body three-phase flow or generation phase change in stove.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described setting value is 0.05-1MPa.
8. according to the arbitrary described method of claim 1-7, it is characterised in that residual oil heating furnace, residual hydrogenation in oil plant
Or the vacuum furnace of the oil mixing hydrogenation of coal.
9. the method for designing of the heating furnace of a multiple hearth structure, it is characterised in that design heating furnace is following structure: include
Feed pipe, burner, body of heater, outlet conduit, it is characterised in that described burner is 1, includes at least in described body of heater
Two burner hearths；The entrance of each burner hearth includes heat insulation switch boards to be opened/closed；Each burner hearth sets the most between the inlet
Put teletransmission differential manometer；For charging space between described burner and burner hearth, described feed pipe is passed through described charging space；Each
Burner hearth includes outlet conduit respectively, includes thermal insulating filling between adjacent burner hearth, and its heating means comprise the following steps:
Opening the switch boards of one of them burner hearth, raw material is introduced into charging space then by the switch boards opened by feed pipe
Entering the burner hearth of this unlatching, the burner hearth opened is heated by described burner；By in the burner hearth that the monitoring of teletransmission differential manometer is opened
Pressure drop, when pressure drop exceedes setting value, another burner hearth is preheated；Then the outlet conduit of another burner hearth described is beaten
Open；The switch boards of the most former use burner hearth is closed, and another burner hearth switch boards the most described is opened；Turn off former use burner hearth
Outlet conduit valve；Purge former use burner hearth, cooling, overhaul, another burner hearth the most described is operated.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510292492.0A CN104896926B (en) | 2015-06-01 | 2015-06-01 | The heating furnace of a kind of multiple hearth structure and method for designing thereof and purposes |
| PCT/CN2015/094200 WO2016192307A1 (en) | 2015-06-01 | 2015-11-10 | Novel heating furnace having multi-hearth structure, and design method and use thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510292492.0A CN104896926B (en) | 2015-06-01 | 2015-06-01 | The heating furnace of a kind of multiple hearth structure and method for designing thereof and purposes |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104896926A CN104896926A (en) | 2015-09-09 |
| CN104896926B true CN104896926B (en) | 2016-11-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201510292492.0A Active CN104896926B (en) | 2015-06-01 | 2015-06-01 | The heating furnace of a kind of multiple hearth structure and method for designing thereof and purposes |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104896926B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2016192307A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104896926B (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2016-11-16 | 北京中科诚毅科技发展有限公司 | The heating furnace of a kind of multiple hearth structure and method for designing thereof and purposes |
| CN110373224B (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2021-04-23 | 中国神华煤制油化工有限公司 | Method for resisting heating and coking of heavy distillate oil |
| CN112097537B (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2021-12-21 | 浙江石油化工有限公司 | Oven temperature automatic control method based on slope signal |
| CN112090379B (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2021-11-19 | 浙江石油化工有限公司 | Heating furnace drying temperature control method |
| CN112066736B (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2022-03-15 | 浙江石油化工有限公司 | Method for baking double-hearth tubular heating furnace |
| CN114705044A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-07-05 | 中国神华煤制油化工有限公司 | Heating furnace |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS4827975A (en) * | 1971-08-16 | 1973-04-13 | ||
| JPH10176170A (en) * | 1996-12-19 | 1998-06-30 | Kubota Corp | Method and apparatus for evaluating heating furnace |
| CN2709905Y (en) * | 2003-11-17 | 2005-07-13 | 株洲科泰感应加热设备有限公司 | Bell multi-firepot induction heating furnace |
| CN103791763A (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2014-05-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Atmospheric and vacuum heating furnace and application hereof in field of chemical industry |
| CN103146414B (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2014-12-24 | 中国寰球工程公司 | Coking furnace for slowing down coking trend |
| CN203284371U (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-11-13 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Double-sided radiant tube type heating furnace |
| CN203269868U (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-11-06 | 中国寰球工程公司 | Horizontal type double-sided radiation vacuum furnace for pressure-reducing deep distillation of heavy crude oil |
| CN203454755U (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2014-02-26 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Anti-coking heating furnace |
| CN203501227U (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2014-03-26 | 上海星级酒店设备工程有限公司 | Large gas efficient and energy-saving cooking range |
| CN203550570U (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2014-04-16 | 浙江正达模具有限公司 | Multi-cavity regenerative heating furnace |
| CN204058380U (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2014-12-31 | 海工英派尔工程有限公司 | A kind of structure assembly formula hydrogenation unit |
| CN204787801U (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2015-11-18 | 北京中科诚毅科技发展有限公司 | Novel heating furnace of many furnace structure |
| CN104896926B (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2016-11-16 | 北京中科诚毅科技发展有限公司 | The heating furnace of a kind of multiple hearth structure and method for designing thereof and purposes |
-
2015
- 2015-06-01 CN CN201510292492.0A patent/CN104896926B/en active Active
- 2015-11-10 WO PCT/CN2015/094200 patent/WO2016192307A1/en active Application Filing
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2016192307A1 (en) | 2016-12-08 |
| CN104896926A (en) | 2015-09-09 |
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