CN1048901A - Optimize the scutching cotton method - Google Patents
Optimize the scutching cotton method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1048901A CN1048901A CN90103906A CN90103906A CN1048901A CN 1048901 A CN1048901 A CN 1048901A CN 90103906 A CN90103906 A CN 90103906A CN 90103906 A CN90103906 A CN 90103906A CN 1048901 A CN1048901 A CN 1048901A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01G9/00—Opening or cleaning fibres, e.g. scutching cotton
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01G7/00—Breaking or opening fibre bales
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Abstract
In the cotton mill, in order to clear up fiber, especially cotton fiber with the requirement of the satisfied yarn that will produce of only situation, is adjusted prune job according to the needs of various situations.
Description
When the present invention relates in a kind of cotton mill the processing cotton fiber, with respectively in finished product, the relevant cotton fiber of the productivity ratio of treatment product, residual impurity content and fibre damage is optimized processing method.
In the cotton mill in early days, ring spinning process is merely a yarn production, opposite with early stage spinning process, a nearest period, new spinning process is developed aspect different, and they have proposed different high requests in the scutching cotton stage to scutching cotton effect and the fibre damage that allowed.
The fibre damage changeability separately of considering productivity ratio residual impurity amount and being allowed, and their relations each other can not ideally solve these different situations so far with common scutching cotton technology.
For this reason, task of the present invention is, considers in suitable spinning process the higher requirement of latter two variable is found out a kind of optimization solution of scutching cotton degree.
According to this prioritization scheme, should be noted that, the fiber of delivering to cotton mill is a kind of mixture of the fiber from different raw cotton, and this mixture also to be the quality requirements of finished product yarn and the economic requirement aspect of considering raw cotton price and yarn price one optimize body.
Be meant fineness and length and intensity, elongation and the color of single fiber from the characteristic former bale of cotton of difference, that depend on natural cotton fiber, this also depends on the mode of harvesting process and the clean-up performance relevant with the raw cotton dirt.
The dirt of these types refers to very thick dirt and metal derby, rope, fabric residue and other exotic, the thick part that also refers to cotton boll shell (capsules), and very thin part of the later stage of shell, be called " cotton seed hulls bits ", these dirts have proposed high request to the scutcher in the cotton mill.
Equally, be included in dust, the impurity of the impurity of other classes in the raw cotton from cotton field, every day, and also comprise in some sense because close dew, the cotton that brings the viscosity of a lot of troubles to increase to be caused to cotton mill pollute, because this close dew sticks on the cotton fiber with the thin shape that drips.
During scutching cotton, also must be noted that in temperature in the Processing Room and these chambers and inside and lip-deep humidity cotton fiber.
In addition, because very violent processing can produce fibre damage when the cleaning cotton fiber, it (especially) causes fiber to shorten.Yet it also can cause the destruction of fibre strength and elongation.
Moreover, the possibility that exists during scutching cotton is according to the type of machine, may more or less have the sensitiveness to the fiber cotton knot of significant, that is to the little sensitiveness that is similar to junction configuration, these cotton knots by fiber move and tractive causes fiber to be entwined each other gathering.
Obviously, for scutching cotton effectively in cotton mill, must find a kind of prioritization scheme, this scheme itself has higher operation usefulness, this operation usefulness sees it is desirable from the viewpoint of commercial aspect, and be the desirable fiber of technical elements careful shredding and the cleaning desirable.Therefore, cleared up the application of fiber according to each, the result of this optimization may be different in various spinning process.
In order to satisfy technical requirement, fibre bag at first shredding becomes the fleeces that size may be minimum, secondly the intensity of the opening roller that matches with cutter and comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning parts of the rotary speed of opening roller and these must be such-promptly only cause the acceptable fibre damage.
According to the present invention, here the solution of said task is, on the one hand, be used as output data (output data) from the specific natural characteristic of the former bale of cotton (the also place of weighing up) now with content from the different dirts of the former bale of cotton, on the other hand, the desirable scutching cotton degree of combing sliver and productivity ratio (in rice/minute) be input into a control device, this device is then according to the output data of above-mentioned regulation and the scutching cotton degree of regulation, provide the signal of a stated type, the signal adjustment is respectively to opener whereby, the influential workpiece of descaling machine and carding machine (operating features), consequently can obtain the desirable scutching cotton degree and the productivity ratio of combing sliver, show the damage of a supposition of the cotton fiber that will clear up simultaneously.
Another part of solution is according to the present invention, is by detecting automatically going out thing (output) chamber or the sensor in product clearly by the clean-up performance that calculated, and, also can detect if desired and from dynamic(al) correction.
Other most preferred embodiment is described in other claim.
The advantage that the present invention obtained mainly is that scutching cotton intensity may meet the requirements, and whereby, the cleannes of combing sliver, fibre damage and the relation between the running usefulness (perfor-mance) of combing sliver of producing are in the relation an of the best each other.
To only be that the present invention is described on the basis in detail below by means of accompanying drawing with embodiment.
Fig. 1 is the workflow schematic diagram of cotton mill according to the present invention with scutcher.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are the each type of method shown in Figure 1.
By means of bale of cotton opener 1, fleeces shredding from fibre bag 2,2 is come out, and is sent to for example thick scutcher 4 of first scutching machine by feed track 3.On feed track, the fleeces amount that time per unit transmits (rice for example
3/ hour) can determine by a measurement mechanism 54.Yet, this conveying capacity is also unrestricted for this example, because, perhaps ignore this measured value fully there is the place of contacting directly can measure this value with fibre-opening unit having 1, and any one the scutching cotton airborne measurements in the bin of describing in the back it.
On the seminal plasma cotton machine 4 that will describe in the back, impurity is removed, and, these have reduced the fleeces of the pre-cleaning of size significantly, be sent on second scutcher by a feed track 5, for example, the seminal plasma cotton machine 6 that we are alleged, and bear with first scutching machine and compare more violent cleaning, be transported to feeding unit 8 by another feed track 7 at last.
The sliver 12 of combing comes out to be sent to a can coiler 13 from this carding machine.Be explanation below to each device and machine.
The bag opener 1 be one by the applicant worldwide the trade name of public offering be the machine of UNIFLOC.Therefore, it is known, so be that important characteristic series comes out with those to understanding the present invention only.
The application's bag opener 1 comprises at least one rotation shredding roller 14 of milling, wherein, fleeces by means of along the reciprocating motion on the direction shown in the arrow by shredding from the surface of fibre bag 2, and in our embodiment by a feed track 3, for example further transmitted with compressed air.
Therefore, along the feeding speed of throughput direction 15 decision shredding running usefulness (in kilogram/hour), shredding mill roller 14 peripheral speed, they are absorbed in the degree of depth on bale of cotton surface, and fleeces size is certainly except some constant parameters.
Thick scutcher 4 comprises a scutching roller 16, is fixed with hired roughneck's brad on the periphery of this scutching roller.These hired roughneck's brads transmit those with the fleeces that common mode is carried above scutching cotton bar 18, said scutching cotton bar is along a part of periphery of scutching roller 16.Thereby the position of these scutching cotton bars be can regulate make the scutching cotton intensity variable.This changeability is represented briefly with dotted line 19.
In addition, measure brightness or sound reflection with a luminance sensor or sonac 20 and measure as of the impurity content that goes out (output) clearly, these impurity are removed by scutching cotton bar 18, and are collected in 21 li of collecting boxs.This collecting box is made two parts up and down, and lower part 22 can move freely with respect to upper part 23, and is supported on the pressure measxurement eyelid retractor 24.Like this, lower part 22 has just become an above-mentioned container of weighing that goes out thing clearly of splendid attire.In the official hour interval, go out thing clearly by negative pressure transportation device 55 sucking-offs.In this time, the weight measurement that goes out thing clearly is interrupted, and considers the function of variable density as impurity content, and clear output also can come by the volume that is gone out thing by grating measuring in the unit interval clearly to determine indirectly.
Seminal plasma cotton machine 6 has a scutching roller 25, and zigzag cloth or other free card clothing are housed on it, and purpose is the fleeces that shredding sends, and produces than the more smart fleeces of above-mentioned thick scutcher.
Thus, fleeces is by a feeding roller 26 and the cooperative feeding plate 27 feeding scutching rollers 25 of same feeding roller that are contained on the rotating shaft 50.Except feeding plate 27 is that pressure with a regulation is pressed on the direction of feeding roller and rotating shaft 50 can be predetermined angular of radius rotation with R in the axle 51 upper edge arrow S and the direction S.1 of feeding roller 26, the effect of the application's this feeding mode is known, be not further described, these rotation characteristics make the clamping line of feeding the fiber between the fiber output edge 52 of feeding roller 26 and feeding plate 27 can move on to the circumference of feeding roller 26, therefore, from the throughput direction of fiber, the clamping line feeding of staple fibre more or less to have moved forward, and the clamping line feeding of long fiber more or less to have moved backward.Opposite with static clamping line, when feeding,, can avoid fiber to shorten fully by this measure.
The feeding roller can be spring loaded towards the direction of feeding plate, loads to the feeding plate and replace spring, and in this case, the feeding plate is designed to the form that the axis around the regulation of feeding roller rotates on a trapped orbit.
Whereby fleeces is fed scutching roller and move past scutching cotton parts 28, said scutching cotton parts are provided with along the part periphery of scutching roller 25.
These scutching cotton parts can be comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning parts or cutter (having or do not have guide plate etc. between cutter).
But, these scutching cotton parts be dispose by this way-be that their scutching cotton intensity is variable, this changeability is represented briefly by chain-dotted line 29.
Similar with thick scutcher 5, seminal plasma cotton machine 6 also has a chest that is divided into upper and lower two parts 23.1,21.1, is used for the impurity accepting to go out clearly, and this chest is supported by pressure measxurement eyelid retractor 24.1 as explanation.Equally, measure brightness, and go out thing clearly and siphon away by negative pressure transportation device 55.1 by a luminance sensor 20.1.Obviously, sonac also can perhaps substitute weight measurement with cubing with substituting the big sensor of brightness here.
That rectangle 30 that draws with chain-dotted line is used for representing, the scutcher that another can Gong select for use can be set, perhaps have with the identical or similar machine of the scutching cotton function of seminal plasma cotton machine 6, yet, what should state is that the present invention is not limited to the cooperation between this machine shown in the figure.
Feeding unit 8 has a feeding passage 31 and two feeding rollers 32, and these two feeding rollers feed an opening roller 33 with fleeces, and whereby, the fleeces size is further reduced, and that is to say that they are by further shredding.
These have been fallen into a feeding passage 34 of bottom by the fleeces of further shredding, and by the 35 then shreddings of quilt of two feeding rollers, the volume of having narrated above being pressed between a roller of one of pressure roll 36 and two feeding rollers 35 then, this fiber roll then is transported to carding machine 11 by a skewed slot 10 facing to feeding roller 37.
Carding process itself is known, be not further explained here, but on the other hand, should be pointed out that on the part periphery of licker-in 39 to have scutching cotton parts 41, and the intensity of these parts is adjustable.The adjustment amount of these scutching cotton parts 41 is represented briefly with chain-dotted line 42.
These scutching cotton parts 41 to go out thing clearly be some goes out the thinner material of thing clearly than what come out clearly by the seminal plasma cotton machine, that is to say that scutching cotton intensity is also correspondingly adjusted.
In order to collect and measure this thing that goes out clearly, be provided with a check weighing container 59 that is supported on the pressure measxurement eyelid retractor 58.Its same negative pressure transportation device 60 links to each other.These go out the content of actual impurity in the thing clearly, measure with a luminance sensor 20.2 or with a suitable sonac, and these go out thing clearly and then extract out termly with the mode that is similar to negative pressure transportation device 55 and 55.1.
The fiber web that is positioned on the main cylinder 40 is taken off by the doffer, and the said sliver of combing 12 above being compressed between subsequently roller and net compressor reducer 44.This sliver of combing 12 is measured head of the trumpet 46 places at one and is further detected, so that measure the fibre fineness of combing sliver (makelongni fineness).Then, after this measured head of the trumpet 46, as signal S.47 the amount (rice/minute) that a pair of measuring roller 47 provides ribbon in the time per unit also will be described below this signal.
At last, before the combing sliver is put into can coiler 13, detect its color with color sensor 48.
Above-mentioned prioritization scheme is realized by means of the control device of microcomputer 53.In this control device, above-mentioned output data-be fiber properties, such as fibre length=St, mark is swelled Buddhist nun=fibre fineness=M, intensity=F, ratio=GR the measurement of elongation=D and thick impurity or that estimate, thin impurity=FR-or every bag or with a calculating mean value of a whole set of bale of cotton system outside input control device from control device.
If what be input into is the output data of each fibre bag, so, control device oneself calculates the mean value of these data.In addition, the scutching cotton degree=RG of product, the productivity ratio of product or the running usefulness=L(kilogram/hour) and the possible damage=FB of fiber also can import.In these three variablees any one given to be fine than other two preferential rights of variable.But, two variablees are given than the 3rd common preferentially also being fine of variable.
Above-mentioned order of priority is determined by one in control device input (not shown).Usually, desirable running usefulness and desirable scutching cotton degree are transfused to separately with order of priority, therefore, computer is on the one hand based on the above-mentioned output data that are input into and the content of impurity, calculate, show and/or adjust data automatically to be used for above-mentioned workpiece, on the other hand, indicate the possible fibre damage that calculates thus.
For operating personnel, might accept these values, if can not accept, just set about the value or the running usefulness of scutching cotton degree are revised, the result, computer is in all cases, according to newly adjusting each time of workpiece, calculate the new value of possible fibre damage immediately.This action can repeat, till three variablees all demonstrate the received value of energy.This situation is adapted to have the fibre bag model mean value that gone out by above-mentioned output data computation, that firmly determine.Can the value that be used for these three variablees received judgement all depend on the type of the yarn that will produce or the application of yarn.
In the scheme of a variation, computer has been worked out program in addition owing to import the application of yarn.This input (not shown) is with override order input, whereby, scutching cotton degree and fibre damage can be aspect main regulation, therefore, the running usefulness that is gone out by the cubage of the output data of input and the impurity that provides is to accept.
In another variation scheme be, the fibre bag model is the selection that so is suitable for other former bale of cottons, so that because new output data, these three variablees can drop within the deviation range.Under certain conditions, the input of the new calculating of above-mentioned each mean value and these output data is all carried out in computer.
In another case-change scheme-computer as another kind to program like this, promptly provide by a cotton selection of former bag, and computer is selected by input running usefulness, scutching cotton degree, fibre damage and deviation range or by the use of input yarn and the performance oneself of former bag cotton from the cotton output data of each former bag.Finish on the keyboard that the input of these output data that each former bag is cotton will be described in the back.
As an information source, the difference variation of the classification that relevant former bag is cotton please refer to Switzerland's application 03,335/88.8.
Further other scheme that changes is, input is the value that contrasts the cost (not shown) of each fibre bag that draws and provide the regulation of the yarn that will process with the model fibre bag, this is should keep profit margin constant by increasing the deviation relevant with fibre damage with the scutching cotton degree in order to determine whether, perhaps whether should be by keeping the normal deviate relevant with fibre damage with the scutching cotton degree, the profit margin of coming in a certain regulation field one of acceptance to reduce.
But, a condition is arranged, the new order of priority relevant with fibre damage with profit margin, scutching cotton degree must be set, and this requires operating personnel's appropriate judgement.
The input of the content of output data, impurity, scutching cotton degree, productivity ratio and possible fibre damage is finished at suitable numeric keyboard or on a similar shift unit (for example potentiometer), numeric keyboard or similarly shift unit only represent briefly with the St among the figure, M, F, D, GR, FR, RG, L and FB.These data are stated from signal St, m, f, d, gr, fr, rg, l and the fb and are transfused to control device.So, the input of signal rg, l and fb is presented on display A.RG, A.L and the A.FB in following mode, that is: those influence the running usefulness that fiber shortens (kilogram/hour) in fact, the fibre damage of the scutching cotton degree represented with percentage and supposition all is represented as a percentage of fibre length.
According to these last-mentioned data, the adjustment amount of computer (microcomputer) evaluation work parts, and show these adjustment amounts with a suitable display in each case.
In a simple variation scheme, adjust workpiece by operating personnel, and one " in the variation scheme automatically ", this adjustment is finished by computer.
Following description partly is suitable for " changing scheme automatically ".
Just wrap opener 1, S.14 computer 53 provides an output signal, and this signal is determined the mill rotary speed of roller 14 of shredding.A.14, this rotary speed shows with signal.S.15, another signal determines in the feeding speed of feeding on the direction 15, and for example A.15 goes up with this feeding speed of rice/minute show at display.The 3rd signal S.61 determine roller 14 regulation be absorbed in the degree of depth.Because according to the control of each machine, the density of fibre bag is different and change by its remaining height, is absorbed in the degree of depth to change, so with regard to the specific degree of depth that is absorbed in, term " is absorbed in the degree of depth " and is meant the degree of depth that is absorbed in of shredding initial position during shredding.This control is open in European patent EP-193647.Obviously, according to carrying out above-mentioned variation by computer and/or the automatic former bale of cotton is selected, being absorbed in the degree of depth and all will providing of the regulation of each former bale of cotton by computer.
S.16 computer 53 provides a signal for thick scutcher 4, the rotary speed of this effect of signals scutching roller 16, and be displayed on display and A.16 go up, and S.19 signal is responsible for the adjustment of scutching cotton bar 18, and with a distinctive angle (not shown) this adjustment is presented at display and A.19 goes up.
S.20, the brightness that goes out thing clearly of being measured by luminance sensor 20 is input into control device 53 with signal, and with A.20 showing.Equally, S.24 the weight of being determined by gaging pressure eyelid retractor 24 be input into control device 53 with signal, and A.24 show with signal.Carry out this measurement in the official hour interval, therefore, the weight of demonstration is the weight that adds up that goes out thing clearly of gained in this time interval.
Also be same on seminal plasma cotton machine 6, at this moment, computer shows the value of the rotary speed of scutching roller 25 on A.25 at a display, and S.25 produces suitable rotary speed by signal, and A.29 the adjustment of scutching cotton parts 28 by showing, and S.29 adjusted by signal.Therefore, show the type that A.29 depends on scutching cotton parts 28, for example, the intensity percentage shows according to the scutching cotton parts with adjustable intensity.
S.20.1 brightness measurement element 20.1 sends a corresponding to signal of the brightness with the refuse that goes out clearly to control device 53, same, and what be presented at S.24.1 that A.24.1 display go up with signal is the weight signal that is sent by gaging pressure eyelid retractor 24.1.The same with the mode of thick scutcher 4, the thing that goes out clearly of seminal plasma cotton machine 6 is collected in the container 22.1 of weighing in a time interval equally, and with above-mentioned signal S.24.1 as the weight signal input control device.
S.50 this machine also has another signal, and it is sent by control device 53, is used for adjusting the tram of turning cylinder 50, so that adapt with the fibre length of the fiber that will process.
The rotary speed of the opening roller 33 of feeding unit 8 can be controlled under the signal help S.33 that control device 53 sends, and still, it is dotted is a kind of alternative plan.
The running usefulness of complete equipment can be determined by the running usefulness of carding machine 11 basically, that is to say, is determined by the rotary speed of feeding roller 37.This running usefulness-as explained-or by the input L be input into control device by means of signal 1, and be presented on the display A.L, and S.37 finish with signal, perhaps only the order of priority of the previous appointment of basis and suitable result of calculation are determined and are adjusted, that is to say, S.37 automatically finish with signal.
The further control of the running usefulness of complete equipment can realize by the flowmeter on the feed track 3 54, this flowmeter is determined in the unit interval amount by the fleeces of bag opener 1 shredding, and S.54 this value be input into control device with signal, and be presented at display and A.54 go up.
When by transmitting product and when the intermediate storage storehouse not being set realizing the operation of complete equipment, this control by means of running usefulness carding machine and flowmeter 54, that combine with the control that goes out thing clearly of scutcher 4 and 6 is absolutely necessary to another machine above scutcher from a machine.Another kind of variation scheme is, if the operation of scutcher so, should be provided with hold-up vessel based on stopping/starting on scutcher.
But, under latter event, also be good by the turn round control of usefulness of flowmeter 54, because by this control, stopping/starting in service, just can make dwell time short as much as possible.
Above-mentioned hold-up vessel can be consistent with the omission of pressure roll 36 in the feeding unit 8.Stop/starting operation by grating 56 and 57 controls, these two gratings detect the height of the fleeces in the lower channel 34, so, turn off processing equipment according to the height of grating 56; Height according to grating 57 starts this processing equipment once more.Obviously, or rather, the control of running usefulness realizes by flowmeter 54, and the control that goes out thing is clearly realized by gaging pressure eyelid retractor 24,58 respectively, therefore, turn-offs continually and starts scutcher with regard to less.
S.56 and S.57 grating 56 and 57 testing result are input into control device with signal, shown in the dotted line that figure breaks like that, but without any corresponding demonstration, Here it is why this dotted line do not connect reason to control device 53.
In carding machine, also exist by scutching cotton parts 41 the further possibility of control of the cleaning of the fiber that will process, as what explained, the scutching cotton intensity of these scutching cotton parts is adjustable, and this adjustability is represented briefly with the chain-dotted line among the figure 42.
S.42, the scutching cotton intensity of scutching cotton parts 41 transmits to scutching cotton parts 41 from control device 53 by signal.S.20.2 the brightness that goes out thing clearly that records by signal and S.20.2 S.58 be input into control device with signal respectively with signal by the weight that gaging pressure eyelid retractor 58 records, and be presented at display respectively and A.20.2 and A.58 go up.
The running usefulness of carding machine running usefulness and above-mentioned feeding roller 37 provides by doffer 43 equally, and Here it is, and why this doffer's rotary speed will be by control device 53 controls, and are presented at the reason that A.43 display is gone up.
In the exit of carding machine, the fineness of the fiber in the combing sliver is with measuring number S.46 being input into control device and A.46 showing with a suitable display of head of the trumpet 46.This measurement is a control of suitable fibre bag model, this means the correct mixing of former bag cotton fiber.
The real-world operation usefulness of combing sliver (rice/hour) is measured by means of a pair of measuring roller 47, and S.47 its signal is input into control device 53, and is presented at display and A.47 goes up.Measured value when feeding (itself and feed the rotary speed of roller corresponding) and this impurity and short fibre content that difference between measuring roller 47 determined values is removed by carding machine by feeding roller 37.
The whole mixtures of the former bale of cotton and the further control of opening picking progress are realized by the brilliance control of color sensor 48, this sensor has been combed the color and/or the brightness of existing sliver 12, and S.48 it be input into control device with signal, A.48 display it with display.This not only influences the scutching cotton efficient of the machine of front, and more influences the basic colors of fiber, that is to say, influences the correct mixing of fibre bag sample.Under this control, if the bad colour of color is true, so just send a warning with a non-automatic device, in other cases, determine the fiber samples of change by computer.This control is the most rational on this position only, if on the early stage path of fibrous material, it will be incorrect making this conclusion, and this is because at this moment the residual impurity in the material also is not eliminated fully.
At last, indoor temperature and humidity also can take into account in the above-mentioned prioritization scheme, and show with display A.T and A.Fe respectively.
Compare with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 shows a kind of variation scheme, and in this scheme, fibre bag is indicated its source with former bale of cotton A, B, C, D and E, and leaves space Z between bag and bag, and this will be described below.
Send thick scutcher 4 by bag opener 1 fleeces that shredding is come out from the fibre bag that each raw cotton place (=source) is come to by a feed track 3, after this machine comes out, enter separately component bin by feed track 5.1, be each storehouse of the former bale of cotton, Here it is why bin be marked with the reason of the letter identical with fibre bag.Moreover in order to reach mixed cotton equably, when several bags 2 can obtain from same place and arrange one by one, every bag 2 had a bin 63 and is good.
Be provided with branch road 62 on feed track 5.1, therefore, the filling of component bin 63 can directly be controlled.These branch roads can be a compressed air delivery, also so-called pipe switch.
Each component bin 63 has a pair of outlet roller 64, and to outlet roller, the fleeces in the bin is taken out of and is put on the conveyer belt 65 by means of this.On this conveyer belt 65, the fleeces that comes out from so-called component bin 63 is compressed into the layer that one deck is piled up one deck, as seeing among Fig. 2, gather then and overcome a compression member 66 and carry such as the pressure of a small-sized transport, by means of this, conveyer belt 65 is transported to whole fibrage the shredding parts 67 with an opening roller 68.Under the effect of the air-flow 69 of these shredding parts and inspiration, fleeces is transported in the seminal plasma cotton machine 6 by feed track 70.
In a variation scheme, it is not shown that the seminal plasma cotton machine is set directly at conveyer belt 66() under, said fibrage just can directly be sent seminal plasma cotton machine 6 to.
Control device 53.1 has the microcomputer that be used to calculate identical with control device 53, but, also have the another one characteristic, promptly the output data of the natural characteristic of the fiber of every former bale of cotton have been input into control device, so that the every former bale of cotton one of computer is adjusted the workpiece of thick scutcher 4.
Make bag opener 1 have to stop between each former bale of cotton in order to save the time when thick scutcher 4 raises the full employment parts, to be unlikely, the size of gap Z is appropriate definite.The pre-adjustment of workpiece can perhaps be carried out on two moving directions unwrapping on the moving direction 15 of loose device 1, and this will be to carry out deciding on a direction 15 or on both direction 15 according to shredding.
Be used for to the measurement mechanism 54 controlled of bag opener 1 have with Fig. 1 in set identical functions, and the photoelectric sensor 56 and 57 on the bin 63 only is in order to insure, so that send the imbalance of signal notice when feeding or feeding operation.Therefore, photoelectric sensor equally also is connected (not shown) on the control device 53.1.
Obviously, the shredding of outlet roller 64 running usefulness, conveyer belt 65 and 66 conveying running usefulness and the rotary speed of opening roller 68 all are self-adjusting by control device 53.1.
Those not once more the explanation residue parts be marked with Fig. 1 in identical parameter symbol, and the effect also be identical.
The advantage of this variation scheme is that the fibre bag of coming from each place can differently be cleared up, and can produce the homogeneous mixture of the fiber in each place.
Fig. 3 shows another variation scheme that is different from Fig. 2.In this scheme, each raw cotton is still by seminal plasma cotton machine cleaning, but this cleaning enters between the component bin 63 at fiber and carries out.Correspondingly, the fleeces that comes out from seminal plasma cotton machine 6 is sent to the component bin 63 through branch road 62 by a feed track 7.1.When according to the former bale of cotton with mixed with fibers after, and then fleeces is transported to shredding parts 67 by the feed track 70 of feeding unit 8.
The control device of these parts is correspondingly represented with 53.2.
The residue parts that those do not illustrate once more, it is identical being marked with reference symbol identical among Fig. 2 and effect.
The advantage of this variation scheme is, between the fibre blend of each former bale of cotton is brought together, by thick scutcher, also by the feasibility of seminal plasma cotton machine to clearing up from the fleeces of each former bale of cotton.
Obviously, as previous explanation, in order to satisfy the needs of the yarn that will produce, if must comprise more raw cotton, so, just unwrap pine and mixed with fibers, the quantity of contingent thing will increase on control device.
At last, what must indicate is, this control device is not limited to this complete equipment of the application, and is more suitable for the individual machine that workpiece and being used to that in cotton mill those have the variation of the shape that is used for product and natural characteristic is regulated the control element of this variation.Therefore, this variation can be controlled with identical system.
In addition, as indicating with chain-dotted line among Fig. 2, the product of bag opener 1 at first is sent to component bin 63, so that arrive at thick scutcher 4 with the form of mixture.
Nomenclature
1. bag opener
2. the former bale of cotton is corresponding to the source
3. feed track
4. first scutching machine or slightly scutcher
5,5.1 feed tracks
6. second scutcher or seminal plasma cotton machine
7,7.1 feed tracks
8. feeding unit
9. fiber roll
10. skewed slot
11. carding machine
12. combing sliver
13. can coiler
The roller 14. shredding is milled
15. moving direction
16. scutching roller
17. hired roughneck's bar
18. scutching cotton bar
19.18 adjustability
20,20.1,20.2 luminance sensors
21,21.1 collecting boxs
22,22.1 21 lower part
23,23.1 21 top
24,24.1 pressure measxurement eyelid retractors
25. scutching roller
26. feeding roller
27. feeding plate
28. scutching cotton parts
29.28 adjustability
30. further scutcher
31. feeding passage
32. feeding roller
33. opening roller
34. lower channel
35. feeding roller
36. driven roller
37. feeding roller
38. feeding plate
39. licker-in
40. main cylinder
41. scutching cotton parts
42.41 adjustability
43. doffer
44. web compressor reducer
45. color sensor
46. measurement head of the trumpet
47. measuring roller is right
48. color sensor
49. card clothing from 25
50. turning cylinder
51.26 axle
52.27 the clamping line
53. computer control device
54. the measurement mechanism on 3
55,55.1 negative pressure conveyers
56. grating=light-electric transducer
57. grating=light-electric transducer
58. pressure measxurement eyelid retractor
The container 59. weigh
60. negative pressure
61.14 be absorbed in the degree of depth
62. branch road
63. bin
64. outlet roller
65. conveyer belt
66. compression member
67. shredding parts
68. opening roller
69. air flow
70.71.72.73. feed track
St. fibre length
M. grand Buddhist nun's two fibre finenesses of mark
F. fibre strength
D. elongate fiber
GR. the content of thick impurity in the cotton-wool
FR. the content of thin impurity in the cotton-wool
RG. the cleaning degree of product (combing sliver, yarn)
L. with kilogram/hour be the operation usefulness or the productivity ratio of unit
F.B. fibre damage
The environment temperature that A.T is indoor
The ambient humidity that A.Fe is indoor
A ... display
Claims (54)
1, the optimization method of processing cotton fiber in cotton mill, particularly with respectively in goods in process, the optimization method of the processing cotton fiber that each productivity ratio as a variable, residual impurity amount are relevant with fibre damage is characterized in that,
On the one hand, the content of the inherent characteristic of the former bale of cotton that derives from product (also marking the place), fiber properties and dissimilar dirt as the output data;
On the other hand, the desirable cleaning degree of combing sliver (12) and productivity ratio (unit: rice/minute or kilogram/hour) be input in the control device;
Control device is worked in the following manner--and be that it is according to above-mentioned output data, productivity ratio and the scutching cotton program imported, send the signal of regulation, by means of this signal, adjust the adjustable workpiece of opener (1) and adjust suitable opener (1), each scutcher (5,6) and the scutching cotton degree of carding machine (1), so that reach the desirable scutching cotton degree and the productivity ratio of combing sliver, show the fibre damage of the supposition of the cotton fiber that will be cleared up simultaneously.
2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in addition, the fibre damage of scutching cotton degree, productivity ratio and supposition can additionally be imported.
3, method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, each is imported the fibre damage of scutching cotton degree, productivity ratio and supposition respectively, perhaps combine as a desirable value input with one in its dependent variable, this desirable value is variable in control device, moreover, give one or two parameter setting order of priority to have precedence over one or other parameter input, therefore, control device calculates and the demonstration result, and do not consider in two its dependent variables one or two, perhaps only consider the order of priority of a reduction.
4, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the control of the desired adjustment of workpiece is revealed.
5, method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, shows that according to adjusting adjustable workpiece is by artificial adjustment.
6, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, according to above-mentioned signal, adjustable workpiece is adjusted automatically.
7, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the natural characteristic of output data influences the so-called average fiber length of fiber.
8, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the natural characteristic of output data influences fibre fineness (also claim mark swell Buddhist nun).
9, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the natural characteristic of output data influences fibre strength.
10, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the natural characteristic of output data influences elongation of fiber.
11, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the natural characteristic of output data influences the so-called color of fiber.
12, method according to claim 1, the natural characteristic that it is characterized in that exporting data influences the content of the thin dirt of fiber.
13, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the natural characteristic of output data influences the content of the thick dirt of fiber.
14, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the natural characteristic of output data influences the humidity of processed fiber.
15, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the natural characteristic of output data influences the humidity of the surrounding air of processing machine.
16, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the natural characteristic of output data influences the temperature of the surrounding air of fiber.
According to each described method among the claim 7-16, it is characterized in that 17, the natural characteristic of output data is input into control device respectively as average magnitude different, the former bag of regulation fiber after cleaning.
18, according to the described method of claim 3-7, it is characterized in that, the natural characteristic of output data is as desirable data value input control device, in addition, control device works in the following manner-and it is according to the natural characteristic that is input into control device, oneself select each to want the fibre bag of shredding from the shredding chamber, so that reach the desirable value of variable.
19, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, control device is the microcomputer with suitable procedure.
20, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the result of workpiece is detected by right sensors, and in order to process needs, this result has been input into control device.
21, method according to claim 20 is characterized in that, all results' of workpiece summation and a standard value compare, if actual value has exceeded the regulation deviation of standard value, control device just allows operating personnel know by warning so.
22, method according to claim 20 is characterized in that, a workpiece is meant at least one opening roller (14) of at least one bag opener (1), and the adjustability of this workpiece influences the rotary speed of opening roller (14).
23, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, a workpiece is meant the scutching roller (16,25) of thick scutcher (5) and/or seminal plasma cotton machine (6), and the rotary speed of this roller influences adjustability.
24, method according to claim 23 is characterized in that, another workpiece of thick scutcher (5) is made up of adjustable scutching cotton bar (18), and its adjustability (19) influences the scutching cotton degree of cutter.
25, method according to claim 23, it is characterized in that, another workpiece at least of seminal plasma cotton machine (6) is meant cutter that at least one is adjustable and/or the comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning parts that at least one is adjustable, and its adjustability influences the variation of the scutching cotton intensity of cutter or comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning parts.
26, method according to claim 20 is characterized in that, sensor-triggered brightness measurement parts (20) or ultrasonic measurement device, and it detects the brightness that clearly goes out thing relevant with the impurity ratio.
27, method according to claim 20 is characterized in that, sensor is the parts of weighing (24), by means of the weight of the discarded object of scutcher (5,6) in this parts measurement unit time.
28, method according to claim 20, it is characterized in that, workpiece be meant the doffer (38) that is contained in carding machine (11) but a part of periphery at least one toolsetting and/or at least one adjustable comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning parts (41), and the adjustability of this workpiece influences the variation of the scutching cotton intensity of cutter or comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning parts.
29, method according to claim 20 is characterized in that, sensor is arranged on the measuring appliance (46) in exit of carding machine (11) by means of this, measures the makelongni fineness of combing sliver (12).
30, method according to claim 20 is characterized in that, sensor is a pair of measuring roller (47), by means of this, in the exit of carding machine (11) density of combing sliver (12) is measured.
31, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, workpiece influences the feeding roller (37) of carding machine (11) porch and the doffer (43) in carding machine (11) exit, also influences the changeability of adjustment of the rotary speed of these rollers.
32, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, sensor is a sensor in order to measurement feeding roller (37) and doffer's (43) rotary speed.
33, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this prioritization scheme also can only be applicable to the individual machine in the cotton mill.
34, method according to claim 33 is characterized in that, this prioritization scheme is applicable to from driving bag opener (1) to the interior machine of carding machine (11) scope.
35, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, except the output data of each fibre bag, the cost data of each fibre bag is input control device also, and the deviation that is suitable for is within the profit margin of the product that will produce.
36, according to the described method of the claim of front, it is characterized in that, from the earlier mixed cleaning then of the fleeces of fibre bag (2) shredding.
According to the described method of the claim of front, it is characterized in that 37, the fleeces that comes out from fibre bag (2) shredding mixes afterwards at the thick scutcher of process (4), is sent to seminal plasma cotton machine (6) then.
According to the described method of the claim of front, it is characterized in that 38, the fleeces from fibre bag (2) shredding is come out mixing afterwards through seminal plasma cotton machine (6), is sent to feeding unit (8) and carding machine (11) then successively.
39, be used for realizing the bag opener (1) of the described method of claim to a method of front, it is characterized in that, this bag opener (1) has the shredding roller (14) of milling, the rotary speed of this roller is adjustable, the mill degree of depth (61) that is absorbed in of roller (14) of shredding can both be controlled for every section changeably, and the speed of opener also can be controlled on the direction of motion (15) changeably.
40, be used for realizing the measurement mechanism of the described method of claim to a method of front, it is characterized in that the measurement mechanism that is positioned on the feed track is measured volume value or the weight value of exporting in the time per unit.
41, be used for realizing the thick scutcher of the described method of claim to a method of front, it is characterized in that, the scutching roller (16) that these facility have a rotary speed to control changeably, some are along the scutching cotton bar of arranging on the part circumference of scutching roller (16), can control the scutching cotton effect changeably (18), and measure the sensor (20) of content of impurity and the weight sensor (24.1) that measurement goes out thing clearly so that detection machine go out thing clearly.
42, be used for realizing the seminal plasma cotton machine of the described method of claim to a method of front, it is characterized in that, setting has the feeding roller (26) and the feeding plate (27) of the feeding of realizing, the scutching roller that rotary speed can be controlled changeably (25) and some part circumference along this scutching roller (25) are provided with, the scutching cotton cutter that can control changeably or comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning parts (28), measurement is set in addition goes out the sensor (20.1) of the impurity content in the thing clearly and measure the weight sensor (24.1) that goes out thing weight clearly, so that detect the scutching cotton progress.
43, be used for realizing the carding machine of the described method of claim to a method of front, it is characterized in that, this carding machine has a licker-in (39), the part circumference of this licker-in is provided with scutching cotton parts (41), the form of these scutching cotton parts is scutching cotton cutter and/or carding element, the scutching cotton effect of these parts is controlled changeably, be used for going out clearly the sensor (20.2) of thing and one the weight sensor of combing sliver (58) measure the amount that goes out thing clearly so that detect the scutching cotton progress.
44, be used for realizing the color sensor of the described method of claim to a method of front, it is characterized in that the color sensor between carding machine and the bar tube platform detects the brightness of combing sliver (12).
45, be used for realizing the control device of the described method of claim to a method of front, it is characterized in that control device is a microcomputer.
46, it is characterized in that according to the described scutcher of claim 42, feeding plate (27) is mounted to the form that can rotate, and its turning cylinder is mounted to and can rotates around the axle of feeding roller (26), therefore, the clamping line (52) of feeding plate (27) can move around the periphery of feeding roller (26).
47, a set of equipment according to the described producd fibers bar of the claim to a method of front, the machine that is used to clear up fleeces or fiber that comprises at least one fibre bag opener and specified quantity, it is characterized in that, device and the operation of a machine usefulness (also claim productivity ratio, the unit kilogram/hour) and their scutching cotton effect control changeably, be provided with a measurement mechanism that is used for determining running usefulness, also be provided with a computer control device, this control device promptly in the following manner: make the damage of fiber be within the deviation of a regulation and adjust bag opener and the scutcher relevant with the scutching cotton effect with the usefulness that turns round.
48, according to the described equipment of claim 47, it is characterized in that, between bag opener and first scutching machine, a fiber mixer is set.
49, according to the described equipment of claim 47, it is characterized in that, after the bag opener with before the first scutching machine, fiber mixer is set.
50, according to the described equipment of claim 47, it is characterized in that, after bag opener and being used for is cleared up the machine of fleeces or fiber, fiber mixer is set.
According to the described equipment of claim 47, it is characterized in that 51, the machine of cleaning fleeces is an at least one seminal plasma cotton machine, at least one thick scutcher and at least one carding machine.
52, according to the described equipment of claim 51, it is characterized in that, the bag opener is the described machine of claim 39, measurement mechanism is the described device of claim 40, thick scutcher is the described machine of claim 41, the seminal plasma cotton machine is the described machine of claim 42, and carding machine is the described machine of claim 43.
53, according to the described equipment of claim 52, it is characterized in that, carding machine also has one and has by control device feeding roller (37) control, predetermined rotational speed, the measurement component (46) of a fineness that is used for measuring fiber and one are used for measuring the measurement component (47) of the productivity ratio of combing sliver (kilogram/hour), the measurement component (46) of measuring fibre fineness sends a measuring-signal (S.46) and gives control device, and the measurement component of combing sliver productivity ratio (47) sends a signal (S.47) to control device and measure.
54, according to the described equipment of claim 47, it is characterized in that, be provided with a described color sensor of claim 44.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH192989 | 1989-05-23 | ||
| CHCH-01929/89-1 | 1989-05-23 | ||
| CH01929/89-1 | 1989-05-23 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1048901A true CN1048901A (en) | 1991-01-30 |
| CN1023330C CN1023330C (en) | 1993-12-29 |
Family
ID=4221889
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN90103906A Expired - Lifetime CN1023330C (en) | 1989-05-23 | 1990-05-23 | Optimisation of processing during cleaning of cotton |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (2) | EP0641876B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH0314631A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1023330C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU636884B2 (en) |
| CS (1) | CS246290A3 (en) |
| DD (1) | DD296115A5 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE59009762D1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA903649B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100593044C (en) * | 2002-07-08 | 2010-03-03 | 特鲁菲舍尔股份有限公司及两合公司 | Method and apparatus for cleaning fiber material at a spinning preparation machine |
| CN1536109B (en) * | 2003-04-03 | 2010-09-01 | 特鲁菲舍尔股份有限公司及两合公司 | Equipment for detecting wastes separated from fibre material on spinning preparation machine |
| CN114351436A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-04-15 | 含山县光乾纺织有限公司 | Cotton fabric processing is with comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning edulcoration mechanism |
| CN114622308A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-06-14 | 王陶 | Textile process self-adaptive cotton cleaning system based on artificial intelligence |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0452676B1 (en) * | 1990-03-22 | 1998-12-16 | Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag | Identification cleaning field |
| DE4018803A1 (en) * | 1990-06-12 | 1991-12-19 | Rieter Ag Maschf | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REGULATING AN OPENING PROCESS, EXAMPLE ON A CARD |
| US5509179A (en) * | 1990-06-25 | 1996-04-23 | Mondini; Giancarlo | Autoleveller draw frame having process feed back control system |
| DE59108679D1 (en) * | 1990-11-02 | 1997-05-28 | Rieter Ag Maschf | Method for determining a property of a fiber structure |
| CN1184452A (en) | 1995-03-27 | 1998-06-10 | 西德萨集团公司 | Shrinkable films made of polyolefin resins and styrene-butadiene copolymer |
| DE59711965D1 (en) * | 1996-05-20 | 2004-11-04 | Rieter Ag Maschf | Plant for processing fibers |
| DE19630018A1 (en) * | 1996-07-25 | 1998-01-29 | Rieter Ag Maschf | Assembly especially for use in processing cotton fibre materials |
| DE29819492U1 (en) * | 1998-11-02 | 2000-03-02 | Autefa Maschinenfab | Fiber treatment plant for nonwoven products |
| EP1057907A1 (en) * | 1999-05-31 | 2000-12-06 | Barco N.V. | Spinning mill processing control systems and methods |
| EP1103640B1 (en) | 1999-11-24 | 2004-03-03 | Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag | Selective cleaning line |
| DE10063861B4 (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2014-08-28 | Trützschler GmbH & Co Kommanditgesellschaft | Device on a spinning preparation machine, z. As cleaners, openers, cards o. The like. For detecting excreted waste |
| DE10349407B4 (en) * | 2003-04-03 | 2017-06-14 | Trützschler GmbH & Co Kommanditgesellschaft | Device on a spinning preparation machine, z. B. cleaner, opener, carding or the like for the detection of fiber material, for. As cotton, separated waste |
| CN103008248A (en) * | 2011-09-25 | 2013-04-03 | 陈华松 | Method and mechanism for cleaning cotton harvesting machine |
| CH712382A1 (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2017-10-31 | Rieter Ag Maschf | Method of operating a bale opener and bale opener. |
| DE102018127621A1 (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2020-05-07 | HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA | Circuit arrangement for limiting an inrush current |
| CH717715A1 (en) | 2020-08-05 | 2022-02-15 | Rieter Ag Maschf | Fiber preparation machine with a camera. |
| CH717716A1 (en) | 2020-08-05 | 2022-02-15 | Rieter Ag Maschf | Recording of waste in a fiber preparation plant. |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3894314A (en) * | 1973-01-29 | 1975-07-15 | James E Nayfa | Treatment of spinning fibers in a textile mill |
| DE3237864C2 (en) * | 1982-10-13 | 1996-05-23 | Truetzschler Gmbh & Co Kg | Method and device for controlling and regulating a spinning preparation plant |
| EP0312805B1 (en) * | 1987-10-07 | 1991-11-21 | Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag | Production control |
| IN171722B (en) * | 1987-10-08 | 1992-12-19 | Rieter Ag Maschf |
-
1990
- 1990-05-03 AU AU54648/90A patent/AU636884B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1990-05-12 EP EP94114935A patent/EP0641876B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-05-12 DE DE59009762T patent/DE59009762D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-05-12 EP EP90108959A patent/EP0399315B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-05-12 DE DE59010929T patent/DE59010929D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-05-14 ZA ZA903649A patent/ZA903649B/en unknown
- 1990-05-21 CS CS902462A patent/CS246290A3/en unknown
- 1990-05-22 JP JP2130442A patent/JPH0314631A/en active Pending
- 1990-05-22 DD DD90340907A patent/DD296115A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-05-23 CN CN90103906A patent/CN1023330C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100593044C (en) * | 2002-07-08 | 2010-03-03 | 特鲁菲舍尔股份有限公司及两合公司 | Method and apparatus for cleaning fiber material at a spinning preparation machine |
| CN1536109B (en) * | 2003-04-03 | 2010-09-01 | 特鲁菲舍尔股份有限公司及两合公司 | Equipment for detecting wastes separated from fibre material on spinning preparation machine |
| CN114351436A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-04-15 | 含山县光乾纺织有限公司 | Cotton fabric processing is with comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning edulcoration mechanism |
| CN114622308A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-06-14 | 王陶 | Textile process self-adaptive cotton cleaning system based on artificial intelligence |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0641876B1 (en) | 2002-07-31 |
| ZA903649B (en) | 1991-02-27 |
| AU5464890A (en) | 1990-11-29 |
| CS246290A3 (en) | 1992-01-15 |
| EP0399315B1 (en) | 1995-10-11 |
| EP0399315A1 (en) | 1990-11-28 |
| JPH0314631A (en) | 1991-01-23 |
| DE59010929D1 (en) | 2002-09-05 |
| AU636884B2 (en) | 1993-05-13 |
| DE59009762D1 (en) | 1995-11-16 |
| EP0641876A1 (en) | 1995-03-08 |
| CN1023330C (en) | 1993-12-29 |
| DD296115A5 (en) | 1991-11-21 |
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