CN104889189B - A kind of equal channel angular extrusion die and method - Google Patents
A kind of equal channel angular extrusion die and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104889189B CN104889189B CN201510301360.XA CN201510301360A CN104889189B CN 104889189 B CN104889189 B CN 104889189B CN 201510301360 A CN201510301360 A CN 201510301360A CN 104889189 B CN104889189 B CN 104889189B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/001—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion to improve the material properties, e.g. lateral extrusion
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of equal channel angular extrusion die and method, belong to metal material processing field.The equal channel angular extrusion die of the present invention is Equal-channel Angular Pressing die cavity, and corner extrusion die cavity is divided into die cavity introduction segment, die cavity bending one section, die cavity bending two-stage nitration, die cavity to derive section；The blank using the inventive method to prepare can carry out multi-pass crimp, it is thus achieved that infinitely-great strain, obtains Ultra-fine Grained blank, to improve the performance of blank.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of equal channel angular extrusion die and method, belong to metal material processing field.
Background technology
In recent years, Equal-channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) has become severe plastic deformation (SPD) development the most quickly technology
One of.While ECAP can make material not change sample section when plastic deformation, accumulate substantial amounts of plastic deformation, thus realize
The repetition deformation of material and crystal grain refinement.
The primary shear deformed area of traditional ECAP forming technique is positioned at die channel corner, and there is material deformation
Uneven deficiency.For overcome traditional E CAP technology can not quantity-produced problem, researched and proposed a lot of improvement both at home and abroad
ECAP technology, such as continuous shear stress technique, rotates the method (Sever Plastic Deformation such as mould ECAP, side extruding repeatedly, equal channel angular rolling
Prepare present Research and the application forecast of Ultra-fine Grained/nanocrystalline structure metal material, China YouSe Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 2010,20
(4): 587-596.), but needed for above-mentioned ECAP improves technology existence, engineering forces is big, to industrial problems such as equipment requirements height.How
Realize multi-pass and prepare the super fine crystal material of even tissue, with the needs of satisfied actual scientific research Yu production be current investigation of materials urgently
A difficult problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of equal channel angular extrusion die and method, the crystal grain refinement merit of blank can be realized
Effect, it is simple that the present invention has mould structure, the advantage that pressing method is easy.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The invention provides a kind of equal channel angular extrusion die, combining including bolt and petal, petal I and petal II
Fitting completely in face, two petals are correspondingly provided with bolt hole respectively, and the two is fastened by bolts；The structure that two petals are combined into
Center is the extrusion die cavity of mould, and described extrusion die cavity is corner extrusion die cavity, and corner extrusion die cavity is divided into die cavity introduction segment, mould
Chamber bends one section, die cavity bends two-stage nitration, die cavity derives section；
Described die cavity introduction segment is first-class passage die cavity, and random cross-sectional shape is the square that the length of side is a, and die cavity is led
Entering segment length is 5a ~ 8a；
It is a passage die cavity such as grade smoothly transitted that described die cavity bends one section, and arbitrary cross section is the pros that the length of side is a
Shape, die cavity bends two end faces of a section and be arranged in parallel, and upper surface contacts with die cavity introduction segment, and lower surface bends two-stage nitration with die cavity
Contact, the central point of two end faces is the most overlapping in vertical direction, a length of c, c=0.5a of the vertical direction of die cavity bending one section ~
a；
Described die cavity bending two-stage nitration is a passage die cavity such as grade smoothly transitted, and arbitrary cross section is the pros that the length of side is a
Shape, two end faces of die cavity bending two-stage nitration be arranged in parallel, and upper surface bends one section with die cavity and contacts, and section is derived with die cavity in lower surface
Contact, a length of c, c=0.5a ~ a of the vertical direction of die cavity bending two-stage nitration；
It is first-class passage die cavity that described die cavity derives section, and arbitrary cross section is the square that the length of side is a, and die cavity derives section
A length of 2a ~ 3a.
Described die cavity introduction segment and die cavity are derived section and are quadrangular die cavity, and the centrage of the two is coaxial.
Inventive die uses mould steel to make.
Described die cavity bends two square end faces of a section and there is following geometrical relationship: both ends of the surface project to one and puts down
In face, the two respective diagonal conllinear of square, the wire length of two foursquare central points is b, b=a/2~a。
Petal I relies on bolt connection location fixed Combination to become corner extrusion passage with petal II, and pressure ram is positioned at corner and squeezes
The die cavity introduction segment of pressure passageway, can free in and out die cavity introduction segment, and pressure ram is connected with extruding dynamic structure, extrudes power
Structure is existing mature technology.
The invention provides a kind of Equal-channel Angular Pressing method, use above-mentioned mould, comprise the following steps:
(1) first turned blank being put into die cavity introduction segment, under the effect of pressure ram, first turned blank is along mould
Chamber introduction segment enters die cavity and bends one section；
(2) when first turned blank bends one section completely into die cavity, second turned blank is put into die cavity and leads
The section of entering, under the effect of pressure ram, second turned blank enters die cavity along die cavity introduction segment and bends one section；
(3) when second turned blank bends one section completely into die cavity, first turned blank is from the die cavity section of derivation
It is extruded, completes the first passage angular pressing texturing of first turned blank；
(4) again first turned blank is put into die cavity introduction segment, under the effect of pressure ram, first turned blank edge
Die cavity introduction segment enters die cavity and bends one section, when first turned blank bends one section completely into die cavity, and second processing
Blank is derived section from die cavity and is extruded, and completes the first passage angular pressing texturing of second turned blank；
(5) again second turned blank is put into die cavity introduction segment, under the effect of pressure ram, second turned blank edge
Die cavity introduction segment enters die cavity and bends one section, when second turned blank bends one section completely into die cavity, and first processing
Blank is derived section from die cavity and is extruded, and completes the second passage angular pressing texturing of first turned blank；
(6) repeat step (4) and complete the second passage angular pressing texturing of second turned blank；
(7) repeat step (5) and complete the 3rd passage angular pressing texturing of first turned blank；
(8) it is repeated in step (4) and (5), completes the multi-pass angular pressing texturing of two turned blanks.
The cross section of described turned blank be the length of side be the square of a, long than die cavity introduction segment of the length of turned blank
Spend short a ~ 2a.
The Equal-channel Angular Pressing method of present invention proposition and mould, due to the die cavity of the squeezing passage of angular extrusion die
Cross section is the cross section of same shape size, and introduction segment and the shape of cross section of die cavity derivation section and size do not change,
Shape and size before and after turned blank deformation do not change, so turned blank can carry out multi-pass deformation, blank is just
Infinitely-great strain can be obtained, obtain Ultra-fine Grained blank, to improve the performance of blank.
In place of the design principle of the present invention and traditional E CAP is very different, become with the square cell cube of traditional ECAP
After shape, the two pairs of end faces keep squares not change, and the most only pair of end face is become rhombus from square, and the present invention etc.
Channel angular extrusion method, after square cell cube deforms, but has two pairs of end face generation change of shape, square becomes
Rhombus, the most there is not change of shape in pair of end face, and the performance on perspective plane is exactly, and traditional E CAP is the level that end face occurs
Or vertical translation, and the present invention is the diagonal translation that end face occurs, and is equivalent to the principle base in the simple shear of traditional E CAP
Detrusion is enhanced on plinth, because more higher than traditional ECAP forming property.
Additionally, inventive die simple in construction, handling ease, practical, simple metal, alloy, Metal Substrate can be prepared
The super fine crystal material such as composite, macromolecular material.Additionally, mould and material can be carried out certain heating-up temperature or increase
The angle of die channel corner, it is achieved the preparation of difficult-to-deformation material, such as magnesium alloy etc..
Accompanying drawing explanation
The mould extrusion pressing type cavity configuration schematic diagram of Fig. 1 present invention.
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of mould.
Fig. 3 is the profile in Fig. 2 along line A-A.
Fig. 4 is the profile in Fig. 2 along line B-B.
Fig. 5 is the projection relation figure that die cavity bends two square end faces of a section.
Fig. 6 is traditional E CAP cell cube deformation section two square end faces floor projection location diagram.
Fig. 7 is the organization charts before and after utilizing the present invention that fine copper carries out angular pressing texturing.
In figure: 1. die cavity introduction segment, 2. die cavity bends one section, 3. die cavity bending two-stage nitration, and 4. die cavity derives section, 5. extruding
Bar, 6. petal I, 7. petal II, 8. bolt.
Fig. 7 (a) is the organization charts before deformation, and Fig. 7 (b) is the organization charts after 1 passage deformation, and Fig. 7 (c) is 3 passage deformation
After organization charts.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment:
The present embodiment utilizes the shaping dies of the present invention and the method pair cross-section length of side to be 10mm × 10mm, a length of 50mm's
Industrial pure copper blank carries out equal channel angular pressing texturing.
A kind of equal channel angular extrusion die that the present embodiment uses, including bolt 8 and petal, petal I 6 and petal II
7 fit completely at faying face, and two petals are correspondingly provided with bolt hole respectively, and the two is fastened by bolt 8；Two petal groups
The extrusion die cavity that structure centre is mould of synthesis, described extrusion die cavity is corner extrusion die cavity, and corner extrusion die cavity is divided into mould
Chamber introduction segment 1, die cavity bend one section 2, die cavity bends two-stage nitration 3, die cavity derives section 4；
Described die cavity introduction segment 1 is first-class passage die cavity, and random cross-sectional shape is the square that the length of side is 10mm,
The a length of 65mm of die cavity introduction segment 1；
It is a passage die cavity such as grade smoothly transitted that described die cavity bends one section 2, and it is 10mm's that arbitrary cross section is the length of side
Square, die cavity bends two end faces of a section 2 and be arranged in parallel, and upper surface contacts with die cavity introduction segment 1, lower surface and die cavity
Bending two-stage nitration 3 contacts, and the central point of two end faces is the most overlapping in vertical direction, and die cavity bends the length of the vertical direction of a section 2
Degree is 6mm；
Described die cavity bending two-stage nitration 3 is a passage die cavity such as grade smoothly transitted, and it is 10mm's that arbitrary cross section is the length of side
Square, two end faces of die cavity bending two-stage nitration 3 be arranged in parallel, and upper surface bends one section 2 with die cavity and contacts, lower surface and mould
Chamber is derived section 4 and is contacted, a length of 6mm of the vertical direction of die cavity bending two-stage nitration 3；
It is first-class passage die cavity that described die cavity derives section 4, and arbitrary cross section is the square that the length of side is 10mm, die cavity
Derive a length of 25mm of section 4.
Described die cavity introduction segment 1 and die cavity are derived section 4 and are quadrangular die cavity, and the centrage of the two is coaxial.
Inventive die uses mould steel to make.
Described die cavity bends two square end faces of a section 2 and there is following geometrical relationship: both ends of the surface project to one
In plane, the two respective diagonal conllinear of square, the wire length of two foursquare central points is 8mm.
Petal I 6 relies on bolt 8 connection location fixed Combination to become corner extrusion passage, pressure ram 5 with petal II 7
In the die cavity introduction segment 1 of corner extrusion passage, die cavity introduction segment 1, pressure ram 5 and extruding dynamic structure can be freed in and out
Being connected, extruding dynamic structure is existing mature technology.
The invention provides a kind of Equal-channel Angular Pressing method, use above-mentioned mould, comprise the following steps:
(1) first turned blank is put into die cavity introduction segment 1, under the effect of pressure ram 5, first turned blank
Enter die cavity along die cavity introduction segment 1 and bend one section 2；
(2) when first turned blank bends one section 2 completely into die cavity, second turned blank is put into die cavity
Introduction segment 1, under the effect of pressure ram 5, second turned blank enters die cavity along die cavity introduction segment 1 and bends one section 2；
(3) when second turned blank bends one section 2 completely into die cavity, first turned blank is derived from die cavity
Section 4 is extruded, and completes the first passage angular pressing texturing of first turned blank；
(4) again first turned blank is put into die cavity introduction segment 1, under the effect of pressure ram 5, first processing base
Expect that entering die cavity along die cavity introduction segment 1 bends one section 2, when first turned blank bends one section 2 completely into die cavity,
Second turned blank is derived section 4 from die cavity and is extruded, and completes the first passage angular pressing texturing of second turned blank；
(5) again second turned blank is put into die cavity introduction segment 1, under the effect of pressure ram 5, second processing base
Expect that entering die cavity along die cavity introduction segment 1 bends one section 2, when second turned blank bends one section 2 completely into die cavity,
First turned blank is derived section 4 from die cavity and is extruded, and completes the second passage angular pressing texturing of first turned blank；
(6) repeat step (4) and complete the second passage angular pressing texturing of second turned blank；
(7) repeat step (5) and complete the 3rd passage angular pressing texturing of first turned blank.
Accompanying drawing 6 gives traditional E CAP cell cube deformation section two square end faces floor projection location diagram.This enforcement
Example is compared with the deformation of Fig. 6, and traditional E CAP is that horizontal direction translation or the vertical direction translation of end face occur, and the present embodiment
Being the diagonal translation that end face occurs, the most only horizontal direction translation also has the translation of vertical direction.
The present embodiment is respectively completed 1 passage and 3 passage equal channel angular pressing texturings to fine copper blank, and Fig. 7 gives pure
Organization charts before and after copper equal channel angular pressing texturing, Fig. 7 (a) is the organization charts before deformation, after Fig. 7 (b) is 1 passage deformation
Organization charts, Fig. 7 (c) is the organization charts after 3 passage deformation.
From Fig. 7 (a) and Fig. 7 (b), 7(c) contrast from the point of view of, material structure is by strong detrusion, 1 passage, crystal grain
Being elongated to ribbon, along with the increase of rolling pass, after reaching 3 passage deformation, crystal grain has obtained obvious refinement.
Claims (6)
1. an equal channel angular extrusion die, fits at faying face completely including bolt and petal, petal I and petal II, and two
Being correspondingly provided with bolt hole in individual petal respectively, the two is fastened by bolts；It is characterized in that: in the structure that two petals are combined into
The heart is the extrusion die cavity of mould, and described extrusion die cavity is corner extrusion die cavity, and corner extrusion die cavity is divided into die cavity introduction segment, die cavity
Bend one section, die cavity bends two-stage nitration, die cavity derives section；
Described die cavity introduction segment is first-class passage die cavity, and random cross-sectional shape is the square that the length of side is a, die cavity introduction segment
A length of 5a ~ 8a；
It is a passage die cavity such as grade smoothly transitted that described die cavity bends one section, and arbitrary cross section is the square that the length of side is a, mould
Chamber bends two end faces of a section and be arranged in parallel, and upper surface contacts with die cavity introduction segment, and lower surface contacts with die cavity bending two-stage nitration,
The central point of two end faces is the most overlapping in vertical direction, and die cavity bends a length of c, c=0.5a ~ a of the vertical direction of a section；
Described die cavity bending two-stage nitration is a passage die cavity such as grade smoothly transitted, and arbitrary cross section is the square that the length of side is a, mould
Two end faces of chamber bending two-stage nitration be arranged in parallel, and upper surface bends one section with die cavity and contacts, and lower surface is derived section with die cavity and contacted,
The a length of c, c=0.5a ~ a of the vertical direction of die cavity bending two-stage nitration；
It is first-class passage die cavity that described die cavity derives section, and arbitrary cross section is the square that the length of side is a, and die cavity derives segment length
For 2a ~ 3a.
Equal channel angular extrusion die the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described die cavity introduction segment and die cavity are led
The section of going out is quadrangular die cavity, and the centrage of the two is coaxial.
Equal channel angular extrusion die the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described mould uses mould steel
Make.
Equal channel angular extrusion die the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described die cavity bends two of one section
There is following geometrical relationship in square end faces: both ends of the surface is projected in a plane, the two respective diagonal of square
Conllinear, the wire length of two foursquare central points is b,。
5. an Equal-channel Angular Pressing method, uses the mould described in any one of claim 1 ~ 4, it is characterised in that: include
Following steps:
(1) first turned blank being put into die cavity introduction segment, under the effect of pressure ram, first turned blank is led along die cavity
The section of entering enters die cavity and bends one section；
(2) when first turned blank bends one section completely into die cavity, second turned blank is put into die cavity introduction segment,
Under the effect of pressure ram, second turned blank enters die cavity along die cavity introduction segment and bends one section；
(3) when second turned blank bends one section completely into die cavity, first turned blank is squeezed from die cavity derivation section
Go out, complete the first passage angular pressing texturing of first turned blank；
(4) again first turned blank being put into die cavity introduction segment, under the effect of pressure ram, first turned blank is along die cavity
Introduction segment enters die cavity and bends one section, when first turned blank bends one section completely into die cavity, and second turned blank
Derive section from die cavity to be extruded, complete the first passage angular pressing texturing of second turned blank；
(5) again second turned blank being put into die cavity introduction segment, under the effect of pressure ram, second turned blank is along die cavity
Introduction segment enters die cavity and bends one section, when second turned blank bends one section completely into die cavity, and first turned blank
Derive section from die cavity to be extruded, complete the second passage angular pressing texturing of first turned blank；
(6) repeat step (4) and complete the second passage angular pressing texturing of second turned blank；
(7) repeat step (5) and complete the 3rd passage angular pressing texturing of first turned blank；
(8) it is repeated in step (4) and (5), completes the multi-pass angular pressing texturing of two turned blanks.
Equal-channel Angular Pressing method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the cross section of described turned blank is
The length of side is the square of a, the length a ~ 2a fewer than the length of die cavity introduction segment of turned blank.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510301360.XA CN104889189B (en) | 2015-06-05 | 2015-06-05 | A kind of equal channel angular extrusion die and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510301360.XA CN104889189B (en) | 2015-06-05 | 2015-06-05 | A kind of equal channel angular extrusion die and method |
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| CN104889189B true CN104889189B (en) | 2016-10-05 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106001154B (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2018-03-06 | 天津工业大学 | A kind of method for waiting channel pressings mould and forming blank |
| CN108246943B (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2020-05-05 | 西安科技大学 | Method for forming prefabricated blank of cylindrical helical gear |
| CN108435817A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-08-24 | 西京学院 | A kind of bar extruding mold and its application method |
| CN109290384A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-02-01 | 湖北工业大学 | A kind of plate severe plastic deformation extrusion die |
| CN110369542A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-10-25 | 江苏大学 | A kind of continuous expanding extruding mold |
| CN112090976B (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2022-07-26 | 湖南科技大学 | Processing device and processing method for multidirectional repeated extrusion deformation of magnesium alloy section |
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| CN2584308Y (en) * | 2002-11-15 | 2003-11-05 | 天津理工学院 | Equal-channel corner alternating extruding device |
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| CN101590493A (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2009-12-02 | 中国兵器工业第五二研究所 | A kind of equal-channel reciprocating extrusion magnesium alloy with back pressure preparation method and extrusion die thereof |
| CN103331324A (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2013-10-02 | 鼎泰铝业科技（太仓）有限公司 | Direct ECAE (Equal Channel Angular Extrusion) mould |
| EP2705912A1 (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2014-03-12 | AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH | Tool for forming a metal object under high pressure |
| CN104226711A (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2014-12-24 | 太原理工大学 | Extrusion die with multiple corners and forming method thereof |
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- 2015-06-05 CN CN201510301360.XA patent/CN104889189B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2584308Y (en) * | 2002-11-15 | 2003-11-05 | 天津理工学院 | Equal-channel corner alternating extruding device |
| UA62615A (en) * | 2003-04-15 | 2003-12-15 | Do Physical Technical I Of The | Method for equal-channel polygonal pressing of articles |
| CN2757954Y (en) * | 2004-12-29 | 2006-02-15 | 上海交通大学 | S shaped angle reciprocating extrusion mould for preparing ultrafine crystal material |
| CN101590493A (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2009-12-02 | 中国兵器工业第五二研究所 | A kind of equal-channel reciprocating extrusion magnesium alloy with back pressure preparation method and extrusion die thereof |
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