CN101797595B - Convex and concave die cavity matching structure of multipath equal-channel extrusion device - Google Patents
Convex and concave die cavity matching structure of multipath equal-channel extrusion device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101797595B CN101797595B CN2010101345896A CN201010134589A CN101797595B CN 101797595 B CN101797595 B CN 101797595B CN 2010101345896 A CN2010101345896 A CN 2010101345896A CN 201010134589 A CN201010134589 A CN 201010134589A CN 101797595 B CN101797595 B CN 101797595B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/001—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion to improve the material properties, e.g. lateral extrusion
Abstract
The invention discloses a convex and concave die cavity matching structure of a multipath equal-channel extrusion device, belonging to the technical field of material extrusion processing and relating to an improved equal-channel angular pressing device. The convex and concave die cavity matching structure comprises a convex die (2) and a concave die and is characterized in that a guide bar (6) with the square cross section is arranged on the convex die (2), and four extrusion bars (4) are symmetrically distributed on four lateral surfaces of the guide bar (6); a concave die cavity comprises four extrusion channels and a public guide channel (9), wherein four lateral surface of the public guide channel (9) are respectively coplanar with inner side surfaces of four extrusion inlet channels (7), and the height of the public guide channel (9) is larger that that of the guide bar (6). The invention remarkably enhances the convex die rigidity and reduces the frictional force between a sample and the die wall, thereby prolonging the service life and eliminating the potential safety hazards; meanwhile, the processing efficiency is greatly improved due to the design of a plurality of extrusion channels.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to material extrusion process technical field, relate to improvement equal channel angular extrusion device.
Background technology
Super fine crystal material is subjected to extensive concern because of having the good mechanical property and the unique physical property that are different from traditional material.Violent plastic deformation is a kind of important process of preparation super fine crystal material, specifically be divided into high pressure torsion method, multiway forging method, roll compacting method and equal channel angular extruding (Equal Channel Angular Extrusion or Pressing repeatedly again, be called for short ECAE or ECAP) method etc., wherein ECAE is considered to a kind of ultra-fine brilliant preparation technology that future in engineering applications is arranged very much.Fig. 1 is an ECAE technology basic principle schematic, the ECAE mould is equated by two cross sections and crossing at a certain angle passage constitutes, the angle of two passages is Φ, under the effect of punch 2 pressure, sample 1 produces approximate detrusion in the corner that is positioned at the die squeezing passage of being made up of two die half modules 3.Because the shape of cross section after the sample extruding does not change, multi-pass pushes the purpose that reaches continuous crystal grain thinning repeatedly.At present, many different ECAE extrusion dies have been developed both at home and abroad, but there is following major defect in these moulds: the punch of existing mold is designed to simple drift usually, all is like this as patent US7191630, US5850755, CN2584308, CN101259493, CN1792487, CN1712155, CN1704485, CN1357420, CN200988058, CN2455398 etc.Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the existing simple punch type punch of ECAE mould.From mechanics of materials angle analysis, the most outstanding shortcoming of this simple punch type structural design is to lack enough rigidity., sample ratio of height to diameter higher when the intensity that is extruded material is when big (〉=2.5) or mould interior angle Φ less (＜90 °), drift is because of being subjected to very big opposition and bending easily or rupturing unstability in extrusion process, the flexibility of ECAE mould interior angle selection and the scope and the size of machinable material have greatly been limited, the service life of having reduced punch.Secondly, the die wall of formation existing mold squeezing passage is normally fixed, and the frictional force during extruding between sample and the die wall is bigger, has not only reduced the surface quality of extruded sample, has also increased the bearing load of punch.And, when rupturing suddenly, drift also may collapse near the broken operating personnel that cut injuring of metal, exist certain potential safety hazard.In addition, existing mold can only provide the single channel squeezing passage usually, promptly once can only push a sample, and working (machining) efficiency is lower, the cost height.Be not always the case as patent US5850755, CN1704485, CN1712155, CN1357420, KR20020093403 etc.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: propose a kind of rigidity that can improve punch, reduce the punch and the concave die cavity matching structure of the equal channel angular extrusion device of frictional force between sample and the die wall,, eliminate safe hidden trouble to improve the service life of punch.Two of purpose of the present invention is: propose a kind of punch with multichannel equal channel angular extrusion device and the concave die cavity structure that can push many samples simultaneously, to improve the working (machining) efficiency of mould, cut down finished cost.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the punch of multipath equal-channel extrusion device and concave die cavity matching structure, comprise punch and die, punch comprises pressing plate and pressure ram, the upper end of pressure ram and the lower surface of pressing plate are connected to integral body, one road concave die cavity is formed by being positioned at two half module die cavities on the die joint, after two die joints are fitted, two half module die cavities are combined to form one road complete concave die cavity, one road concave die cavity comprises one by vertical extruding access road and the squeezing passage that becomes with the extruding outlet channel group of its connection, the angle of extruding access road and extruding exit passageway is the interior angle Φ of squeezing passage, the rectangle of cross section for equating of extruding access road and extruding exit passageway, the upper port of extruding access road is positioned at the upper surface of die, and the external port of extruding exit passageway is positioned at the side of die; It is characterized in that,
(1) horizontal cross-section of said die is a square, it is identical by 4 structures, the horizontal cross-section is that foursquare 1/4th dies are formed, on the die joint of 1/4th dies of per two adjacency, one road concave die cavity is arranged, the total identical concave die cavity of 4 line structures that is symmetrically distributed on the die;
(2) cross section being arranged on the said punch is foursquare guide post, the cross section length of side of guide post is not less than 2 times of pressure ram cross-sectional width, also be not less than the cross-sectional length of pressure ram, the height of guide post is at least 3 times of pressure ram height, on 4 sides of guide post 1 highly identical pressure ram is arranged respectively, 4 pressure rams are symmetrically distributed, the center line of guide post and the central lines that has the cross section of pressure ram, the upper surface of guide post and the lower surface of pressing plate are connected to integral body, and guide post and 4 pressure ram one shape;
(3) said concave die cavity is made up of 4 road squeezing passages and public guide channel, the cross section of public guide channel is a square, public guide channel and guide post matched in clearance, public guide channel is positioned at the center of 4 tunnel extruding access roades, 4 sides of public guide channel respectively with 4 the tunnel extruding access roades the medial surface coplane, the height of public guide channel is greater than the height of guide post.
Advantage of the present invention is: significantly strengthened the rigidity of punch, reduced the frictional force between sample and the die wall, thereby improved the service life of punch, eliminated potential safety hazard.Simultaneously, the design of multichannel squeezing passage has also improved working (machining) efficiency greatly, has reduced processing cost.Evidence, punch service life of one embodiment of the present of invention, working (machining) efficiency improved 3 times than having improved the service life of simple punch type punch more than 5 times.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an ECAE technology basic principle schematic.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the existing simple punch type punch of ECAE mould.
Fig. 3 is a structural representation of the present invention.What show among the figure is punch of the present invention and two 1/4th dies.
Fig. 4 has omitted pressing plate for the schematic perspective view of punch of the present invention among the figure.
Fig. 5 is the schematic perspective view of the present invention's 1/4th dies.
Fig. 6 has omitted one 1/4th die for the schematic perspective view of die of the present invention among the figure.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with Fig. 3 to Fig. 6 and embodiment the present invention is described in further details, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to described embodiment.For convenience of explanation, stipulate that left and right directions is the width in pressure ram 4 cross sections among Fig. 3, inward-outward direction is the length direction in pressure ram 4 cross sections, and above-below direction is the short transverse of pressure ram 4.The punch of multipath equal-channel extrusion device and concave die cavity matching structure, comprise punch 2 and die, punch 2 comprises pressing plate 5 and pressure ram 4, the lower surface of the upper end of pressure ram 4 and pressing plate 5 is connected to integral body, one road concave die cavity is formed by being positioned at two half module die cavities on the die joint, after two die joints are fitted, two half module die cavities are combined to form one road complete concave die cavity, one road concave die cavity comprises a squeezing passage of being made up of vertical extruding access road 7 and the extruding exit passageway 8 that is communicated with it, the angle of extruding access road 7 and extruding exit passageway 8 is the interior angle Φ of squeezing passage, the rectangle of cross section for equating of extruding access road 7 and extruding exit passageway 8, the upper port of extruding access road 7 is positioned at the upper surface of die, and the external port of extruding exit passageway 8 is positioned at the side of die; It is characterized in that,
(1) horizontal cross-section of said die is a square, referring to Fig. 5,6, it is identical by 4 structures, the horizontal cross-section is that foursquare 1/4th dies 10 are formed, on the die joint of 1/4th dies 10 of per two adjacency, one road concave die cavity is arranged, the total identical concave die cavity of 4 line structures that is symmetrically distributed on the die;
(2) cross section being arranged on the said punch 2 is foursquare guide post 6, referring to Fig. 4, the cross section length of side of guide post 6 is not less than 2 times of pressure ram 4 cross-sectional widths, also be not less than the cross-sectional length of pressure ram 4, the height of guide post 6 is at least 3 times of pressure ram 4 height, on 4 sides of guide post 61 highly identical pressure ram 4 is arranged respectively, 4 pressure rams 4 are symmetrically distributed, the center line of guide post 6 and the central lines that has the cross section of pressure ram 4, the lower surface of the upper surface of guide post 6 and pressing plate 5 is connected to integral body, and guide post 6 and 4 pressure ram 4 one shape;
(3) said concave die cavity is made up of 4 road squeezing passages and public guide channel 9, referring to Fig. 6, the cross section of public guide channel 9 is a square, public guide channel 9 and guide post 6 matched in clearance, the center of 4 tunnel extruding access roades 7 that public guide channel 9 is positioned at, 4 sides of public guide channel 9 respectively with 4 the tunnel extruding access roades 7 the medial surface coplane, the height of public guide channel 9 is greater than the height of guide post 6.
Operation principle of the present invention is: because pressure ram 4 is that one shapes with guide post 6, thereby greatly improved punch rigidity.4 sidewalls of guide post 6 constitute the madial wall of 4 tunnel extruding access roades 7 respectively, and it moves downward together with sample 1 in extrusion process, can obviously reduce the surface quality that sample contacts the extrusion friction power of guide post one side and improves extruded sample.Owing to increased the way of squeezing passage, thereby significantly improved working (machining) efficiency.
Embodiment:
Existing ECAE mould with simple punch type punch design can't carry out the extruding of the tabular sample of high strength owing to lack enough rigidity, even during the plate tensile sample of crushing strength very low (as pure A1) service life of punch also very short, push tens passages usually after punch flexural deformation has just taken place.Design a cover according to the principle of the invention and can be used for punch and the concave die cavity matching structure that many plate tensile samples are processed simultaneously, concrete parameter is: squeezing passage interior angle Φ=120 °, cross-sectional width * the length dimension of squeezing passage is 5mm * 40mm, the height of extruding access road 7 is 120mm, the height of pressure ram 4 is 120mm, the cross section length of side of guide post 6 is 80mm, highly is 380mm, and the height of public guide channel 9 is 420mm.Use has this ECAE mould that overlaps punch and concave die cavity matching structure is of a size of 4.9mm * 39.9mm * 100mm 100 ℃ of extruding 7050 high strength alumin ium alloy plate tensile samples, punch always pushes and still keeps good working order after passage has surpassed 100 times, than having improved the service life of simple punch type punch more than 5 times, working (machining) efficiency has also improved 3 times than the mould of existing single channel squeezing passage.
Claims (1)
1. the punch of multipath equal-channel extrusion device and concave die cavity matching structure, comprise punch [2] and die, punch [2] comprises pressing plate [5] and pressure ram [4], the lower surface of the upper end of pressure ram [4] and pressing plate [5] is connected to integral body, one road concave die cavity is formed by being positioned at two half module die cavities on the die joint, after two die joints are fitted, two half module die cavities are combined to form one road complete concave die cavity, one road concave die cavity comprises a squeezing passage of being made up of vertical extruding access road [7] and the extruding exit passageway [8] that is communicated with it, the angle of extruding access road [7] and extruding exit passageway [8] is the interior angle Φ of squeezing passage, the rectangle of the cross section of extruding access road [7] and extruding exit passageway [8] for equating, the upper port of extruding access road [7] is positioned at the upper surface of die, and the external port of extruding exit passageway [8] is positioned at the side of die; It is characterized in that,
(1) horizontal cross-section of said die is a square, it is identical by 4 structures, the horizontal cross-section is that foursquare 1/4th dies [10] are formed, on the die joint of 1/4th dies [10] of per two adjacency, one road concave die cavity is arranged, the total identical concave die cavity of 4 line structures that is symmetrically distributed on the die;
(2) cross section being arranged on the said punch [2] is foursquare guide post [6], the cross section length of side of guide post [6] is not less than 2 times of pressure ram [4] cross-sectional width, also be not less than the cross-sectional length of pressure ram [4], the height of guide post [6] is at least 3 times of pressure ram [4] height, on 4 sides of guide post [6] 1 highly identical pressure ram [4] is arranged respectively, 4 pressure rams [4] are symmetrically distributed, the center line of guide post [6] and the central lines that has the cross section of pressure ram [4], the lower surface of the upper surface of guide post [6] and pressing plate [5] is connected to integral body, and guide post [6] shapes with 4 pressure rams [4] one;
(3) said concave die cavity is made up of 4 road squeezing passages and public guide channel [9], the cross section of public guide channel [9] is a square, public guide channel [9] and guide post [6] matched in clearance, public guide channel [9] is positioned at the center of 4 tunnel extruding access roades [7], 4 sides of public guide channel [9] respectively with 4 the tunnel extruding access roades [7] the medial surface coplane, the height of public guide channel [9] is greater than the height of guide post [6].
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Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5850755A (en) * | 1995-02-08 | 1998-12-22 | Segal; Vladimir M. | Method and apparatus for intensive plastic deformation of flat billets |
| US6399215B1 (en) * | 2000-03-28 | 2002-06-04 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Ultrafine-grained titanium for medical implants |
| CN2690068Y (en) * | 2003-06-21 | 2005-04-06 | 大连理工大学 | Device for preparing super fine grain crystal pipe by equal passage corner extrusion |
| CN1704485A (en) * | 2004-06-03 | 2005-12-07 | 中南大学 | Device for preparing bulk nano crystal materials suitable for equal channel angular pressing technology |
| CN1712155A (en) * | 2005-07-27 | 2005-12-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Equal radial-channel angular extruding machining apparatus of magnesium alloy and machining method thereof |
-
2010
- 2010-03-30 CN CN2010101345896A patent/CN101797595B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5850755A (en) * | 1995-02-08 | 1998-12-22 | Segal; Vladimir M. | Method and apparatus for intensive plastic deformation of flat billets |
| US6399215B1 (en) * | 2000-03-28 | 2002-06-04 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Ultrafine-grained titanium for medical implants |
| CN2690068Y (en) * | 2003-06-21 | 2005-04-06 | 大连理工大学 | Device for preparing super fine grain crystal pipe by equal passage corner extrusion |
| CN1704485A (en) * | 2004-06-03 | 2005-12-07 | 中南大学 | Device for preparing bulk nano crystal materials suitable for equal channel angular pressing technology |
| CN1712155A (en) * | 2005-07-27 | 2005-12-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Equal radial-channel angular extruding machining apparatus of magnesium alloy and machining method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 雷力明等.等通道转角挤压工艺研究进展.《材料工程》.2009,(第5期),第76-80页. * |
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