CN103447334A - Continuous reciprocating type equal channel corner extrusion device and method - Google Patents
Continuous reciprocating type equal channel corner extrusion device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103447334A CN103447334A CN2013100411752A CN201310041175A CN103447334A CN 103447334 A CN103447334 A CN 103447334A CN 2013100411752 A CN2013100411752 A CN 2013100411752A CN 201310041175 A CN201310041175 A CN 201310041175A CN 103447334 A CN103447334 A CN 103447334A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of hyperfine material processing and discloses a continuous reciprocating type equal channel corner extrusion device and method. The continuous reciprocating type equal channel corner extrusion device comprises an extrusion convex mould and an extrusion concave mould arranged on a moving operation platform, wherein the lower end of the extrusion convex mould is provided with a punch in a convex manner; the extrusion concave mould is internally provided with extrusion channels which are used for containing an extruding material, and the extrusion channels comprise two vertical channels and a horizontal channel; the upper ends of the two vertical channels are communicated with the exterior and can form an opening, and the lower ends of the two vertical channels are respectively communicated with the two end parts of the horizontal channel. The corner extrusion device provided by the invention has the advantages that an extrusion concave cavity is provided with the two vertical channels which are arranged in a u-shaped manner and the horizontal channel, the extrusion concave mould does not need to be disassembled in the extrusion processing, the position of the extrusion concave mould only needs to move, the vertical channels are respectively extruded, the continuity of the extrusion processing is guaranteed, and the extrusion efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of hyperfine materials processing, relate in particular to the pressing method of continuous reciprocating equal channel angular extrusion device and this pressurizing unit.
Background technology
Super fine crystal material has many good physical and mechanical properties, and grain refinement has become the important channel of excavated material potential.Equal-channel Angular Pressing is a kind of relatively simple technique of block body ultrafine grain material for preparing.It can directly be prepared into super fine crystal material by common block materials, and crystallite dimension can reach even nanoscale of submicron order, and the large I of workpiece reaches centimetre to several meters.
Existing equal channel angular extrusion device, its mould adopted is two passages that cross section is equal, (is generally 90 ° ~ 135 °) at a certain angle and intersects, be generally the angle of intersection with 90 °, like this, form " L " shape between two passages.In the mould of this approximate " L " shape, sample is in extrusion process, during through the junction of two passages, can be similar to desirable simple shear deformation, because the sample cross shape remains unchanged before and after extruding, can repeatedly be pushed and be accumulated the very large plastic deformation of generation, being reached the purpose of crystal grain thinning.
Yet, " L " shape channel design Shortcomings part of above-mentioned equal channel angular extrusion device.At first, realizing there is difficulty greatly aspect continuous reciprocating extrusion.To on the device of this " L " shape passage, realize continuous reciprocating extrusion, must transform existing single-cylinder pressure machine, adopt two cylinders to realize respectively exerting pressure along horizontal channel and vertical channel, increase widely equipment cost; Secondly, existing pressurizing unit efficiency is low, once can only process a sample, and, due to the change of specimen shape, makes it be difficult to be reentered into the extruding of carrying out lower passage in passage, has affected greatly the continuity of test.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide continuous reciprocating equal channel angular extrusion device, be intended to solve hyperfine material fashion of extrusion of the prior art and can not back and forth process continuously, the problem that efficiency is lower.
The present invention realizes like this, continuous reciprocating equal channel angular extrusion device, comprise the extruding punch, described extruding punch lower end convexes with drift, also comprises the Extruding die be placed on movable working platform, and described Extruding die inside is provided with the squeezing passage that is extruded material for holding, described squeezing passage comprises two Vertical Channel and a horizontal channel, two described Vertical Channel upper ends are communicated with outside, form opening, and lower end is communicated with respectively the both ends of described horizontal channel.
Compared with prior art, squeezing passage of the present invention is designed to two Vertical Channel and is located at a horizontal channel of their bottoms, three squeezing passages form the squeezing passage of " U ", because Vertical Channel and junction, horizontal channel certainly exist right angle corner, the pure shear distortion of near ideal can occur in this corner in material.Material is from a Vertical Channel is inserted, and drift enters the another one Vertical Channel by horizontal channel after stretching into extruding, and then mobile Extruding die, and drift stretches into another one numerical value passage and pushed.Only need the workbench of movement pressure machine in process, and do not need to change Extruding die, can realize the extrusion process of reciprocal continous way, improved extruding efficiency.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The structure cutaway view of the reciprocal continuous extrusion device that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The Extruding die front view of the reciprocal continuous extrusion device that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The Extruding die top view of the reciprocal continuous extrusion device that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
In order to make purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Below in conjunction with concrete accompanying drawing, realization of the present invention is described in detail.
As Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 is a preferred embodiment provided by the invention.
Continuous reciprocating equal channel angular extrusion device 1 as shown in Figure 1, comprise extruding punch 11 and Extruding die 124, extruding punch 11 lower ends convex with drift 112, Extruding die 124 inside are provided with the squeezing passage that is extruded material 2 for holding, described squeezing passage comprises two Vertical Channel and a horizontal channel, and two described Vertical Channel upper ends are communicated with outside, forms opening, lower end is communicated with respectively the both ends of described horizontal channel, and described three squeezing passage cross sectional shapes are identical.
The structure of Extruding die 12 as shown in Figure 2, squeezing passage 124 integral body are " U " shape, comprise Vertical Channel 12411, horizontal channel 12412 and Vertical Channel 12413, wherein horizontal channel 12412 is positioned at the low side of two Vertical Channel and is communicated with two Vertical Channel, be communicated with two Vertical Channel, and three's cross sectional shape is all identical.
Like this, be extruded material 2 and can enter squeezing passage from a Vertical Channel 12411, entered Vertical Channel 12413 by horizontal channel 12412 after drift 112 extruding, mobile Extruding die 12, drift 112 stretches into extruding from Vertical Channel 12413, being extruded material 2 and getting back in Vertical Channel 12412 by horizontal channel 12413 again, is continuablely to being extruded material 2, to carry out extrusion process so repeatedly.Squeezing passage 124 inner section shapes are consistent, and all there is right angle corner three part junctions, and material 2, by this corner, desirable pure shear distortion can occur, and the high efficiency material fine crystal that completes pushes.
As shown in Figure 3, Extruding die 124 consists of two parts, passage half module 1241 and cover plate 1242.Passage half module 1,241 one sides offer described squeezing passage, and cover plate 1242 is sealed on described side, and the two is fixed together.The processing of such die more for convenience, only need to process described squeezing passage on passage half module 1241, then buckles cover plate 1242 and get final product.In the present embodiment, adopt bolt and pin as fixture securing cover plate 1242 and passage half module 1241, can be designed to other fixture or fixed form in reality.
Also be provided with retainer plate 123 in Extruding die 124 outsides, retainer plate 123 is set in Extruding die 124 outsides, and retainer plate 123 and Extruding die 124 formation interference fit.Retainer plate 123 itself is one-body molded hard parts, is set in outside Extruding die 124, can reinforce it, prevents the die body cracking caused due to extruding.
Be fixed with die shoe 121 on the movable working platform of forcing press, be responsible for the fixing whole Extruding die 124 of carrying, be fixed with centring ring 122 on die shoe 121, there is the hollow circular zone centring ring 122 inside, can be set in retainer plate 123 outsides, for Extruding die 124 provides location and fixing effect.
Extruding die 124 upper ends also are provided with guide plate 126, and guide plate 126 covers the upper surface of Extruding die 124, and at the pilot hole of two described Vertical Channel.Effect is to be drift 112 guiding, and drift moved before entering described Vertical Channel in described pilot hole, had guaranteed direction and perpendicularity, made not frangibility of drift 112, can effectively increase the service life.The size of pilot hole can be slightly larger than described Vertical Channel, also can be designed as the shape that internal diameter from top to bottom is contracted to described Vertical Channel internal diameter, can guarantee that the drift guiding gets final product.
Particularly, the section of expanding adopted in the present embodiment is shaped as back taper, the interior hole shape of positioning sleeve 113 is internal diameter expansion from top to bottom accordingly, can be fitted in and expand on section's pyramidal structure surface to guarantee to be set in drift 112 pressed on ring medial surfaces, and can guarantee that drift 112 is vertical when positioning sleeve 113 level.Can guarantee that drift 112 is fixed in described cavity, can guarantee that again drift 112 is vertical, for punching press is provided convenience.Positioning sleeve 113 is placed between cavity madial wall and drift 112 outsides, and compress cavity side walls, positioning sleeve 113 has locking rack 111, tightening frame 111 is positioned at outside described cavity, be provided with many group set bolts, positioning sleeve 113 can be fixed on upper bolster on 115, thereby drift 112 is fixed in described cavity.The conical design of drift 112 bottoms has reduced pressure, and the bearing plate between upper bolster 115 114 can bear larger pressure.The design of dual like this attenuating pressure does not directly contact drift 112 with upper bolster 115, increased the service life of upper bolster, has also increased the service life of drift.By in the middle of positioning sleeve 113, offering the through hole corresponding with drift 112 bottom tapers, drift can be located, can guarantee vertically to carry out extrusion process.
Particularly, the vertical squeezing passage 12411 in the present embodiment, horizontal squeezing passage 12412 is identical with water quality squeezing passage 12413 inner section, all is designed to square.
The present embodiment also provides the pressing method of this continuous reciprocating equal channel angular extrusion device, below carries out the operating procedure that Warm Extrusion illustrates this device with the AZ31 magnesium alloy under 350 ℃.
1) install and proofread and correct described extruding punch and described Extruding die, described Extruding die is placed in described movable working platform;
Before extruding, select a forcing press with movable working platform as force application apparatus.By locking nut, bearing plate 114 and positioning sleeve 113 and drift 112 are lock onto on upper bolster 115, upper bolster 115 is fixed on press ram.
2), make the open-ended coaxial line of described drift and a described Vertical Channel, the first material to be processed is put into to a described Vertical Channel opening, described drift descends, and pushes the described first material to be processed, makes it enter described horizontal channel;
The metal material AZ31 magnesium alloy be extruded is the common annealing state, and average grain size is 80 μ m.Before putting into sample, first specimen surface and " U " shape passage are carried out to sufficient lubrication, this experiment adopts molybdenum bisuphide to do lubricant, and this device and sample to be extruded are heated to 350 ℃.The first preheated sample 2 is put into to vertical channel 12411, under the extruding force effect, along vertical channel 12411, enter horizontal channel 12412, the pure shear plastic deformation occurs, the material 2 in vertical channel 12411 all is pressed into horizontal channel 12412.
3), described drift rises, then puts into the second material to be processed in described Vertical Channel;
Put into the second sample 2 and put into vertical channel 12411, push next time.
4), the extruding that again descends of described drift, the first material to be processed enters another Vertical Channel from described horizontal channel, the second material to be processed enters described horizontal channel from described Vertical Channel;
Make two samples in passage that the pure shear plastic deformation all occur, until the sample of horizontal channel 12411 enters the sample of vertical channel 12412 and vertical channel 12411, enter horizontal channel 12412, the extruding of this passage finishes.
5), described drift rises, mobile described movable working platform, make described drift and another described Vertical Channel coaxial line;
Then, drift 112 rises, and travelling table makes drift 112 and vertical channel 12413 coaxial lines, and the back extruding of lower a time starts.
6), described drift descends, the first material to be processed squeezes go back to described horizontal channel by another described Vertical Channel, the second material to be processed squeezes back a described Vertical Channel by described horizontal channel;
Drift rises, and travelling table, make drift and described the first vertical channel coaxial line, repeats with drilling
After crimp, the crystallite dimension of alloy is refined to 2 μ m, and after illustrating that use apparatus of the present invention are pushed material, with respect to original annealed state alloy, its grain refining effect is remarkable, and high efficiency, and production cost is low.
The present invention compares with existing apparatus has following advantage and benefit:
(1) by " U " shape passage is set in mould, be used in conjunction with the forcing press with movable working platform, can under the condition of not taking out sample, realize continuous reciprocating multi-pass extruding, after extruding, material grains can be refined to even nanoscale yardstick of submicron order.
(2) passage that contains three prismatic shapes and size in the mould structure of " U " shape passage, so can realize continuously extruded two samples, improved productivity ratio, reduces production costs.
(3) retainer plate of Extruding die surrounding suit, can make the two halves die connect more firm, prevents crack of die, can be used for the material that crushing strength is higher or work hardening is more serious.
(4) guide plate of Extruding die top, can play the guiding role, and makes not frangibility of drift, greatly extends the service life of drift, thereby the utilization rate of mould is provided.
In sum, the present invention is that a kind of to have a grain refining capability strong, easy to operate, simple in structure, long service life, and productivity ratio is high, the efficient apparatus of the Equal-channel Angular Pressing crystal grain thinning that production cost is low.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. continuous reciprocating equal channel angular extrusion device, comprise the extruding punch, described extruding punch lower end convexes with drift, it is characterized in that, also comprise the Extruding die be placed on movable working platform, described Extruding die inside is provided with the squeezing passage that is extruded material for holding, described squeezing passage comprises two Vertical Channel and a horizontal channel, two described Vertical Channel upper ends are communicated with outside, form opening, and lower end is communicated with respectively the both ends of described horizontal channel.
2. continuous reciprocating equal channel angular extrusion device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Extruding die comprises passage half module and cover plate, and described passage half module side opening is provided with described squeezing passage, and described cover plate envelope is located on described passage half module side.
3. continuous reciprocating equal channel angular extrusion device as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, the described Extruding die outside is arranged with retainer plate, and described retainer plate and described Extruding die form interference fit.
4. continuous reciprocating equal channel angular extrusion device as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, also comprises the die shoe be fixedly mounted on movable working platform and be fixed on the centring ring on described die shoe, and described centring ring is set in outside described retainer plate.
5. continuous reciprocating equal channel angular extrusion device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises the guide plate that is arranged on described Extruding die upper end, is provided with the corresponding pilot hole that is communicated with two described Vertical Channel openings of two difference in described guide plate.
6. continuous reciprocating equal channel angular extrusion device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described extruding punch comprises upper bolster, bearing plate, positioning sleeve and locking rack, described upper bolster lower end is provided with the cavity under shed, described bearing plate is placed in the bottom of described cavity, described drift upper end has the section of expanding, described expanding deployed in described cavity, and press on described bearing plate, described cavity is extended in described drift lower end, described positioning sleeve is placed in described cavity, be sheathed on described expanding outside section, , described locking rack is placed in outside described cavity, be sheathed on outside described drift, which is provided with and described positioning sleeve can be locked in the bolt group of described upper bolster.
7. continuous reciprocating equal channel angular extrusion device as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, the described drift section of expanding is shaped as back taper, and its upper surface is pressed on described bearing plate lower surface, and described positioning sleeve is close to the described section side of expanding.
8. continuous reciprocating equal channel angular extrusion device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described two vertical squeezing passages are identical with described horizontal squeezing passage cross section, are square.
9. as the pressing method of the described continuous reciprocating equal channel angular extrusion device of claim 1 ~ 8 any one, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1), install and proofread and correct described extruding punch and described Extruding die, described Extruding die is placed in described movable working platform;
2), make the open-ended coaxial line of described drift and a described Vertical Channel, the first material to be processed is put into to a described Vertical Channel opening, described drift descends, and pushes the described first material to be processed, makes it enter described horizontal channel;
3), described drift rises, then puts into the second material to be processed in described Vertical Channel;
4), the extruding that again descends of described drift, the first material to be processed enters another Vertical Channel from described horizontal channel, the second material to be processed enters described horizontal channel from described Vertical Channel;
5), described drift rises, mobile described movable working platform, make described drift and another described Vertical Channel coaxial line;
6), described drift descends, the first material to be processed squeezes go back to described horizontal channel by another described Vertical Channel, the second material to be processed squeezes back a described Vertical Channel by described horizontal channel.
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| CN2013100411752A CN103447334A (en) | 2013-02-01 | 2013-02-01 | Continuous reciprocating type equal channel corner extrusion device and method |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN103894435A (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2014-07-02 | 太原理工大学 | Reciprocated extruding device for preparing superfine grain magnesium alloy and processing method thereof |
| CN104874629A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2015-09-02 | 太原理工大学 | Equal-channel U-shaped extrusion die and method |
| CN107309289A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2017-11-03 | 成都航空职业技术学院 | U-shaped equal channel angular extrusion device |
| CN112474855A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-03-12 | 湖北理工学院 | Extrusion die and bar forming method |
| CN118080855A (en) * | 2024-04-28 | 2024-05-28 | 合肥工业大学 | In-situ forming device for Y-shaped piece of aluminum-based composite material |
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| CN112474855A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-03-12 | 湖北理工学院 | Extrusion die and bar forming method |
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| CN118080855A (en) * | 2024-04-28 | 2024-05-28 | 合肥工业大学 | In-situ forming device for Y-shaped piece of aluminum-based composite material |
| CN118080855B (en) * | 2024-04-28 | 2024-06-21 | 合肥工业大学 | In-situ forming device for Y-shaped piece of aluminum-based composite material |
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Application publication date: 20131218 |