CN104880256A - Method and device for testing dynamic phase change of terahertz S-wave and P-wave - Google Patents
Method and device for testing dynamic phase change of terahertz S-wave and P-wave Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for testing the dynamic phase change of terahertz S-wave and P-wave. Terahertz wave is generated with a bunch of ultrafast laser pulse through a terahertz wave generation system, terahertz wave signals and another bunch of ultrafast laser pulse are focused on a zinc telluride crystal, terahertz signals are detected by the zinc telluride crystal in different positions, and the phase change of the terahertz wave is observed through the series of terahertz time-domain signals. A zinc telluride crystal of <110> crystal orientation is selected to detect a terahertz S-wave component, a zinc telluride crystal of <100> crystal orientation is selected to detect a terahertz P-wave component, and the dynamic phase change of terahertz S-wave and the dynamic phase change of terahertz P-wave can be respectively tested by adopting zinc telluride crystals of different crystal orientations. The device is simple in structure and easy to operate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to phase detection techniques, the method and apparatus of particularly one test Terahertz (THz) shear wave and the dynamic change of compressional wave phase place.
Background technology
Along with the development of series of new techniques, new material, the particularly development of ultrafast technology, stable pulse THz source, broadband becomes a kind of accurate routine techniques, and starts one THz research boom at home and abroad.THz wave is the electromagnetic wave of frequency within the scope of 0.1 to 10 THz, in electromagnetic wave spectrum microwave and infrared between, have huge using value in scientific domains such as biological detection, safety detection, the communication technologys.
Fluctuation is divided into shear wave and compressional wave two class according to the direction of vibration of particle and the relation of direction of wave travel.Shear wave, also claims " concavo-convex ripple ", is characterized in that the direction of vibration of particle and direction of wave travel are mutually vertical.Shear wave is in communication process, and the place that every ripple passes to, each particle vibrates near the equilibrium position of oneself.In fact, horizontal wave propagation is because medium inside detrusion (being namely parallel to the relative movement of these layers between each layer of medium) occurs and produces to make the restorable shearing elasticity power of volume elements realize.
compressional wave, also known as " dilatational wave ", is characterized in the ripple that the direction of vibration of particle and the direction of propagation are coaxial.The communication process of compressional wave is that the part that density is different appears in the direction entered along wavefront.Compressional wave is in communication process, and the place that every ripple passes to, each particle repeatedly vibrates near respective equilibrium position, and ripple is propagated along horizontal direction.In fact, vertical wave propagation is the distortion because volume elements each in medium compression occurs and stretches, and generation makes the longitudinal spring force of volume elements reinstatement realize.
1890, French physician Louis Georges Gouy found positive and negative for axis extra for acquisition one 180 ° of phase shifts by the electromagnetic wave of focus.The discovery of this phase place change, has important impact to whole electromagnetic wave spectrum.It is advanced that Gouy phase shift supposition Fresnel Huygens small echo explains quadratic phase from a main prewave; The resonant frequency difference of different transverse mode is explained at the Gouy phase shift of curved mirror laser cavity; In nonlinear optics, Gouy phase shift can greatly reduce the probability of focused beam harmonic distortion.In addition, it still cause in a vacuum phase velocity more than the major reason of a plane light wave.
But directly observe the phase place change of THz wave if think, not only need accurate calculating, the adjustment of experimental provision is also very loaded down with trivial details.Based on these all not convenience experimentally, also there is no succinct experimental provision at present for directly testing the phase place dynamic change of Terahertz shear wave and compressional wave.Patent of the present invention proposes a kind of zinc telluridse crystal of different crystal orientations that utilizes and detects terahertz signal at diverse location, the method of Terahertz shear wave and the dynamic change of compressional wave phase place directly can be observed by this series of terahertz time-domain signal, device is simple, easily operates.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be directed to and cannot observe shear wave and compressional wave phase place dynamic change problem at present intuitively, propose a kind of method and apparatus testing Terahertz shear wave and the dynamic change of compressional wave phase place, system is produced by THz wave with a branch of ultrashort pulse, produce THz wave, terahertz wave signal and another bundle ultrashort pulse focus on one and play on zinc telluridse crystal, utilize zinc telluridse crystal to detect terahertz signal at diverse location, observe the phase place of THz wave change by this series of terahertz time-domain signal.Wherein, select the zinc telluridse crystal detection Terahertz shear wave composition in <110> crystal orientation, select the zinc telluridse crystal detection Terahertz compressional wave composition in <100> crystal orientation, the zinc telluridse crystal namely by changing different crystal orientations can realize the function of testing Terahertz shear wave and the dynamic change of compressional wave phase place respectively.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of method of testing Terahertz shear wave and the dynamic change of compressional wave phase place, the laser pulse that LASER Light Source sends is by after beam splitting chip, reflected light enters THz wave as pump beam and produces system for radiation THz wave, and another part transmitted light realizes the detection to THz wave as detecting light beam; Reflects laser and pump light enter THz wave and produce system after the 5th catoptron reflection, the divergent shape THz wave given off becomes parallel THz wave after off axis paraboloidal mirror is collected, and then reflects through off axis paraboloidal mirror and focuses on zinc telluridse crystal; Namely transmission laser detects light successively through the first catoptron, optical delay, the second catoptron, the 3rd catoptron, the 4th catoptron, then focusing system is passed through, overlap with the THz wave focus focused on through off axis paraboloidal mirror, and get on zinc telluridse crystal simultaneously; Detecting light beam by being divided into the orthogonal two-beam of polarization successively after zinc telluridse crystal after the second condenser lens, quarter wave plate and wet Lars lead to prism, two-beam is got on photodiode probe respectively, and the difference of the intensity of photodiode probe is proportional to the electric field intensity of THz wave; Time delays again by scanning pump beam and detecting light beam can realize the difference detecting of THz wave time-domain signal; Use two pieces of zinc telluridse crystal by face, <110> and <100> crystal orientation respectively, detect the electric field intensity of shear wave and compressional wave respectively; Position by regulating one dimension motor to move forward and backward zinc telluridse crystal in THz wave focus antero-posterior extent, survey terahertz signal at interval of same distance, observe out the phase place dynamic change of Terahertz shear wave or compressional wave according to a series of terahertz time-domain signals recorded.
Described off axis paraboloidal mirror is punching off axis paraboloidal mirror, and focusing system is the first condenser lens, confocal with punching off axis paraboloidal mirror, and zinc telluridse crystal is positioned over their common focus place.
Described focusing system comprises the first condenser lens, the 6th catoptron, silicon chip successively, and detection light focuses on zinc telluridse crystal through focusing system, overlaps, and get on zinc telluridse crystal simultaneously with the THz wave focus focused on through off axis paraboloidal mirror.
Described focusing system comprises the first condenser lens, the 6th catoptron, tin-doped indium oxide film successively, THz wave is by after off axis paraboloidal mirror and tin-doped indium oxide film reflection, focus on zinc telluridse crystal, detection light, successively through the first catoptron, optical delay, the second catoptron, the 3rd catoptron, the 4th catoptron, is then focused on by the first condenser lens, the 6th catoptron reflects and tin-doped indium oxide film is transmitted on zinc telluridse crystal.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention is a kind of method and apparatus testing Terahertz shear wave and the dynamic change of compressional wave phase place, and device is simple, easily operates.In actual mechanical process, zinc telluridse crystal is only needed to be fixed on one dimension motor, position by regulating one dimension motor to move forward and backward zinc telluridse crystal in certain limit before and after punching off axis paraboloid mirror mirror foci, survey terahertz signal at interval of same distance, observe out the phase place dynamic change of Terahertz shear wave or compressional wave according to a series of terahertz time-domain signals recorded.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is device embodiment one structural representation that the present invention tests Terahertz shear wave and the dynamic change of compressional wave phase place;
Fig. 2 is device embodiment two structural representation that the present invention tests Terahertz shear wave and the dynamic change of compressional wave phase place;
Fig. 3 is device embodiment three structural representation that the present invention tests Terahertz shear wave and the dynamic change of compressional wave phase place;
Fig. 4 is device embodiment four structural representation that the present invention tests Terahertz shear wave and the dynamic change of compressional wave phase place.
Embodiment
If Fig. 1 is device embodiment one structural representation that the present invention realizes testing Terahertz shear wave and the dynamic change of compressional wave phase place, punching paraboloidal mirror is adopted to carry out THz wave and detection combiner, implementation, device is by LASER Light Source 1, beam splitting chip 2, first catoptron 3, optical delay 4, second catoptron 5, 3rd catoptron 6, 4th catoptron 7, first condenser lens 8, punching off axis paraboloidal mirror 9, 5th catoptron 10, THz wave produces system 11, off axis paraboloidal mirror 12, one dimension motor 13, zinc telluridse crystal (ZnTe) 14, second condenser lens 15, quarter wave plate 16, wet Lars leads to prism 17 and photodiode (PD) pops one's head in 18 compositions.The laser pulse that LASER Light Source sends is by after beam splitting chip 2, reflects laser and pump light enter Terahertz and produce system 11 after the 5th catoptron 10 reflects, the divergent shape THz wave given off becomes parallel THz wave after off axis paraboloidal mirror 12 is collected, and then reflects through punching off axis paraboloidal mirror 9 and focuses on zinc telluridse crystal 14.Namely transmission laser is detected light and is focused on by the first condenser lens 8 after the first catoptron 3, optical delay 4, second catoptron 5, the 3rd catoptron 6, the 4th catoptron 7 successively.First condenser lens 8 is confocal with punching off axis paraboloidal mirror 9, and zinc telluridse crystal 14 is positioned over their common focus place.Detecting light beam by being divided into the orthogonal two-beam of polarization successively after zinc telluridse crystal 14 after the second condenser lens 15, quarter wave plate 16 and wet Lars lead to prism 17, and two-beam is got on PD probe 18 respectively.According to electro optic sampling principle, thus can direct detection to the time-domain signal of Terahertz.Zinc telluridse crystal 14 is fixed on one dimension motor 13, point centered by the focal position of the off axis paraboloidal mirror 9 that punches, position by regulating one dimension motor 13 to move forward and backward zinc telluridse crystal 14 in certain limit before and after central point, terahertz signal is surveyed at interval of same distance, a series of terahertz signal figure can be obtained, thus observe the dynamic change of its phase place.Change the zinc telluridse crystal 14 of different crystal orientations, the phase place dynamic change of Terahertz shear wave and compressional wave can be tested respectively.Crystal orientation is the phase place dynamic change that the zinc telluridse crystal of <110> may be used for testing Terahertz shear wave, and crystal orientation is the phase place dynamic change that the zinc telluridse crystal of <100> can test Terahertz compressional wave.
Fig. 2 is device embodiment two structural representation that the present invention tests Terahertz shear wave and the dynamic change of compressional wave phase place, silicon chip is adopted to carry out THz wave and detection combiner, implementation, device by LASER Light Source 1, beam splitting chip 2, first catoptron 3, optical delay 4, the second catoptron 5, first condenser lens 8,5th catoptron 10, THz wave produces system 11
,first off axis paraboloidal mirror 12, one dimension motor 13, zinc telluridse crystal (ZnTe) 14, second condenser lens 15, quarter wave plate 16, wet Lars leads to prism 17, photodiode (PD) is popped one's head in the 18, six catoptron 19, and High Resistivity Si 20 and the second off axis paraboloidal mirror 21 form.The laser pulse that LASER Light Source sends is by after beam splitting chip 2, reflects laser and pump light enter THz wave and produce system 11 after the 5th catoptron 10 reflects, the divergent shape THz wave given off becomes parallel THz wave after the first off axis paraboloidal mirror 12 is collected, subsequently through the second off axis paraboloidal mirror 21 reflect focalization on zinc telluridse crystal 14, middle High Resistivity Si 20 transmissive terahertz light.Namely transmission laser detects light and beats on zinc telluridse crystal 14 after reflecting through the first catoptron 3, optical delay 4, second catoptron 5, first condenser lens 8, the 6th catoptron 19, High Resistivity Si 20 successively.Focused on by the first condenser lens 8 and focus on the second off axis paraboloidal mirror 21, detection light and terahertz light are focused on same point, and zinc telluridse crystal 14 is positioned over their common focus place.Detecting light beam by being divided into the orthogonal two-beam of polarization successively after zinc telluridse crystal 14 after the second condenser lens 15, quarter wave plate 16 and wet Lars lead to prism 17, and two-beam is got on PD probe 18 respectively.According to electro optic sampling principle, thus can direct detection to the time-domain signal of Terahertz.Zinc telluridse crystal 14 is fixed on one dimension motor 13, point centered by the focal position of the second off axis paraboloidal mirror 21, position by regulating one dimension motor 13 to move forward and backward zinc telluridse crystal 14 in certain limit before and after central point, terahertz signal is surveyed at interval of same distance, a series of terahertz signal figure can be obtained, thus observe the dynamic change of its phase place.Change the zinc telluridse crystal 14 of different crystal orientations, the phase place dynamic change of Terahertz shear wave and compressional wave can be tested respectively.Crystal orientation is the phase place dynamic change that the zinc telluridse crystal of <110> may be used for testing Terahertz shear wave, and crystal orientation is the phase place dynamic change that the zinc telluridse crystal of <100> can test Terahertz compressional wave.
Fig. 3 is device embodiment three structural representation that the present invention tests Terahertz shear wave and the dynamic change of compressional wave phase place, adopt ITO(and tin-doped indium oxide) carry out THz wave and detection combiner, implementation, device by LASER Light Source 1, beam splitting chip 2, first catoptron 3, optical delay 4, the second catoptron 5, first condenser lens 8,5th catoptron 10, THz wave produces system 11
,first off axis paraboloidal mirror 12, one dimension motor 13, zinc telluridse crystal (ZnTe) 14, second condenser lens 15, quarter wave plate 16, wet Lars leads to prism 17, and photodiode (PD) pops one's head in 18,6th catoptron 19, second off axis paraboloidal mirror 21, ITO(and tin-doped indium oxide) film 22 forms.The laser pulse that LASER Light Source sends is by after beam splitting chip, reflects laser and pump light enter THz wave and produce system 11 after the 5th catoptron 10 reflects, the divergent shape THz wave given off becomes parallel THz wave after the first off axis paraboloidal mirror 12 is collected, subsequently through the second off axis paraboloidal mirror 21 and ITO(and tin-doped indium oxide) after film 22 reflects, focus on zinc telluridse crystal 14.Transmission laser namely detect light successively after the first catoptron 3, optical delay 4, second catoptron 5, first condenser lens 8, the 6th catoptron 19 through ITO(and tin-doped indium oxide) film 22, focused on by the first condenser lens 8 and focus on the second off axis paraboloidal mirror 21, detection light and terahertz light are focused on same point, and zinc telluridse crystal 14 is positioned over their common focus place.Detecting light beam by being divided into the orthogonal two-beam of polarization successively after zinc telluridse crystal 14 after the second condenser lens 15, quarter wave plate 16 and wet Lars lead to prism 17, and two-beam is got on PD probe 18 respectively.According to electro optic sampling principle, thus can direct detection to the time-domain signal of Terahertz.Zinc telluridse crystal 14 is fixed on one dimension motor 13, point centered by the focal position of the second off axis paraboloidal mirror 21, position by regulating one dimension motor 13 to move forward and backward zinc telluridse crystal 14 in certain limit before and after central point, terahertz signal is surveyed at interval of same distance, a series of terahertz signal figure can be obtained, thus observe the dynamic change of its phase place.Change the zinc telluridse crystal 14 of different crystal orientations, the phase place dynamic change of Terahertz shear wave and compressional wave can be tested respectively.Crystal orientation is the phase place dynamic change that the zinc telluridse crystal of <110> may be used for testing Terahertz shear wave, and crystal orientation is the phase place dynamic change that the zinc telluridse crystal of <100> can test Terahertz compressional wave.
Test device embodiment four structural representation of Terahertz shear wave and the dynamic change of compressional wave phase place as shown in Figure 4, adopt air ionization to produce THz wave, and punching paraboloidal mirror carries out THz wave and detection combiner, implementation.To export laser instrument, the punching off axis paraboloidal mirror that center wavelength of light is 800 nm, its all band is consistent with the implementation method of this wave band.
It is 800 nm that laser instrument exports center wavelength of light, pulse width is 40 fs, repetition frequency 1 KHz, terahertz emission is produced for air ionization, the process of specific implementation test Terahertz shear wave and the dynamic change of compressional wave phase place is as follows: by LASER Light Source 1, beam splitting chip 2 (beam splitting chip T:R=1:9), first catoptron 3, optical delay 4, second catoptron 5, 3rd catoptron 6, 4th catoptron 7, first condenser lens 8(f=300 mm), punching off axis paraboloidal mirror 9(f=50 mm), 5th catoptron 10, THz wave produces system 11, off axis paraboloidal mirror 12(f=152.4 mm), one dimension motor 13, zinc telluridse crystal (ZnTe) crystal 14, second condenser lens 15(f=100 mm), quarter wave plate 16, wet Lars leads to prism 17 and photodiode (PD) pops one's head in 18 compositions.The laser pulse that LASER Light Source 1 sends is by after beam splitting chip 2, reflects laser and pump light enter Terahertz and produce system 11 after the 5th catoptron 10 reflects, after lens 11 (1) (f=150 mm) focus on, ionized air forms plasma filament, thus forms the THz wave of taper radiation.Divergent shape THz wave through off axis paraboloidal mirror 12 collect after become parallel THz wave, then through punching off axis paraboloidal mirror 9 reflect and focus on zinc telluridse crystal 14.Namely transmission laser is detected light and is focused on by the first condenser lens 8 after the first catoptron 3, optical delay 4, second catoptron 5, the 3rd catoptron 6, the 4th catoptron 7 successively.First condenser lens 8 is confocal with punching off axis paraboloidal mirror 9, and zinc telluridse crystal 14 is positioned over their common focus place.Detecting light beam by being divided into the orthogonal two-beam of polarization successively after zinc telluridse crystal 14 after the second condenser lens 15, quarter wave plate 16 and wet Lars lead to prism 17, and two-beam is got on PD probe 18 respectively.According to electro optic sampling principle, thus can direct detection to the time-domain signal of Terahertz.The taper radiation that the THz wave produced with air plasma body method is radial polarisation, the THz wave of this polarization mode is after short focus focuses on (the punching off axis paraboloidal mirror 9(f=50 mm in such as this embodiment)) can generating portion compressional wave composition.During detection Terahertz shear wave composition, crystal orientation is selected to be <110>, the zinc telluridse crystal growing 10 mm, wide 10 mm, thick 0.5 mm, during detection Terahertz compressional wave composition, crystal orientation is selected to be <100>, the zinc telluridse crystal growing 10 mm, wide 10 mm, thick 0.5 mm.Zinc telluridse crystal 14 is fixed on one dimension motor 13, point centered by the focal position of the off axis paraboloidal mirror 9 that punches, position by regulating one dimension motor 13 to move forward and backward zinc telluridse crystal 14 in certain limit before and after central point, terahertz signal is surveyed at interval of same distance, a series of terahertz signal figure can be obtained, thus observe the phase place dynamic change of Terahertz shear wave or compressional wave.
Claims (4)
1. test the method for Terahertz shear wave and the dynamic change of compressional wave phase place for one kind, it is characterized in that, the laser pulse that LASER Light Source sends is by after beam splitting chip, reflected light enters THz wave as pump beam and produces system for radiation THz wave, and another part transmitted light realizes the detection to THz wave as detecting light beam; Reflects laser and pump light enter THz wave and produce system after the 5th catoptron reflection, the divergent shape THz wave given off becomes parallel THz wave after off axis paraboloidal mirror is collected, and then reflects through off axis paraboloidal mirror and focuses on zinc telluridse crystal; Namely transmission laser detects light successively through the first catoptron, optical delay, the second catoptron, the 3rd catoptron, the 4th catoptron, then focusing system is passed through, overlap with the THz wave focus focused on through off axis paraboloidal mirror, and get on zinc telluridse crystal simultaneously; Detecting light beam by being divided into the orthogonal two-beam of polarization successively after zinc telluridse crystal after the second condenser lens, quarter wave plate and wet Lars lead to prism, two-beam is got on photodiode probe respectively, and the difference of the intensity of photodiode probe is proportional to the electric field intensity of THz wave; Time delays again by scanning pump beam and detecting light beam can realize the difference detecting of THz wave time-domain signal; Use two pieces of zinc telluridse crystal by face, <110> and <100> crystal orientation respectively, detect the electric field intensity of shear wave and compressional wave respectively; Position by regulating one dimension motor to move forward and backward zinc telluridse crystal in THz wave focus antero-posterior extent, survey terahertz signal at interval of same distance, observe out the phase place dynamic change of Terahertz shear wave or compressional wave according to a series of terahertz time-domain signals recorded.
2. test the device in the method for Terahertz shear wave and the dynamic change of compressional wave phase place according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described off axis paraboloidal mirror is punching off axis paraboloidal mirror, focusing system is the first condenser lens, confocal with punching off axis paraboloidal mirror, and zinc telluridse crystal is positioned over their common focus place.
3. test the device in the method for Terahertz shear wave and the dynamic change of compressional wave phase place according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described focusing system comprises the first condenser lens, the 6th catoptron, silicon chip successively, detection light focuses on zinc telluridse crystal through focusing system, overlap with the THz wave focus focused on through off axis paraboloidal mirror, and get on zinc telluridse crystal simultaneously.
4. test the device in the method for Terahertz shear wave and the dynamic change of compressional wave phase place according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described focusing system comprises the first condenser lens successively, 6th catoptron, tin-doped indium oxide film, THz wave is by after off axis paraboloidal mirror and tin-doped indium oxide film reflection, focus on zinc telluridse crystal, detection light is successively through the first catoptron, optical delay, second catoptron, 3rd catoptron, 4th catoptron, then focused on by the first condenser lens, 6th catoptron reflection and tin-doped indium oxide film are transmitted on zinc telluridse crystal.
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