CN104879780B - A kind of multichannel heating region ignition burning device - Google Patents
A kind of multichannel heating region ignition burning device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104879780B CN104879780B CN201410072681.2A CN201410072681A CN104879780B CN 104879780 B CN104879780 B CN 104879780B CN 201410072681 A CN201410072681 A CN 201410072681A CN 104879780 B CN104879780 B CN 104879780B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- field electrode
- low
- shell
- air inlet
- fish mouth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Landscapes
- Plasma Technology (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of multichannel heating region ignition burning devices, including:Plasma electrical source, nozzle, air inlet fish mouth, tangential stomata, tracheae, hollow insulator, high-field electrode, insulating part, low-field electrode, shell, spin chamber, stomata, block media, low regime, central jet, stable flame chamber;It splashes plate atomized fuel using in air inlet pipe, the mixed gas of high speed rotation air-flow and direct jet is provided in igniter, while two strands of air-flows play cooling igniter;Between high pressure and low-field electrode, flammable mixed gas full of low speeds flow, realize the multiple spot discharge igniting in the mixed gas region of low speed in igniter, this high-temp combustion thermonuclear area and stable flame chamber on duty, play the role of incendiary source and flame stabilization, miniature high-speed combustion chamber is constituted, to realize high efficient and reliable igniting and flame stabilization of the combustion chamber under the mal-conditions such as high speed, low temperature, low pressure, fire coal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of aerospace technology and industrial combustion field more particularly to a kind of multichannel plasma slabs
Domain ignition burning device.
Background technology
Common sparking mode has hot surface, induced with laser spark, spark plug and plasma jet, they are all to pass through heating
Unburned mixed gas makes its temperature increase, and generates initial radical, then cause chain reaction by these initial radicals.To hot surface
Igniting, ignition delay time is longer, and the service life is shorter;Induced with laser spark ignition then needs focused high-energy laser pulse;Fire
Spark plug ignition is then a kind of extensive use, reliable sparking mode.It is small all to there is ignition zone in these above-mentioned sparking mode
The problem of, when combustion conditions very severe, such as the problems such as upper low igniting, supersonic combustion, lean combustion, existing sparking mode
Applicability and reliability there is defect, to can cause ignition difficulties or igniting it is unsuccessful.
The existing main sparking mode of engine is hot-shot ignition, precombustion-chamber ignition, plug ignition.Hot-shot ignition
It is to feed the burning of one fuel oil in main chamber, generates a tongues of fire, pass through turbine, light after-burner, disadvantage is to whirlpool
Wheel reliability generates certain influence, and system is more complex.The catalyst of catalytic ignition is vulnerable and corrodes, and ignition delay time
It is long, pyrotechnics spark ignition can only first use on the engine, can not achieve multiple igniting.The after-burner of high-altitude vehicle and
Stamping combustion chamber, under high speed, low pressure, cryogenic conditions, pressure can drop to 50-150 DEG C down to 0.04-0.05MPa, temperature, and
Air velocity is in 100m/s or more, and due to atomization and vaporization difficulty, unit volume discharges heat and reduces, and heat dissipation is but very strong, not only
The rate-pressure boundary of fire drastically reduces, and the Air/Fuel Ratio boundary to catch fire also drastically reduces.If being continuing with spark
Plug igniting, the possibility of failure greatly increase.To ensure reliable ignition of the engine under various extreme conditions, it is necessary to overcome fire
There are this defects of ignition difficulties under upper low by Hua Sai, it is desirable to develop a kind of advanced igniting skill.
Generating plant pulverized coal boiler starts, and is lighted a fire earliest using fuel nozzle, a large amount of fuel consumptions, and cost is big.Then heat is used
Plasma ignition apparatus, cost and service life are all very high, and Gasifying Small Oil Gun igniting uses the equipment such as compressed air, system
It is more complex, it is further improved and optimizes.
Low temperature plasma is lighted a fire and combustion intensification is a kind of new application approach of plasma technique, is had and is realized
Weak mixture is reliable, efficiently light a fire and the potentiality of conflagration, the technology have caused the extensive concern of countries in the world.Exchange
The dielectric barrier discharge of driving is the major way for generating low-temperature plasma, can generate that volume is big, energy under pressure
The high low temperature plasma of metric density, and due to the presence of dielectric between electrode, avoid the office easily occurred in discharge process
Portion discharges or arc discharge.Low temperature plasma is lighted a fire mainly by discharging in flammable mixture, and the height of generation is utilized
Can the collision of electronics and fuel molecule cause the dissociation of molecule, excitation even ionization, generate a large amount of active atomic, molecule and from
The substances such as son, to improve ignition quality and combustion stability.Make chemical reaction multiple spot carry out, accelerate ignition process, from into
Work(realizes large volume igniting, and flame is full of entire gas channel section, highly shortened ignition delay time and improves
The fiery limit, ignition effectiveness is high, saves ignition energy.
Overseas utilization continuously exchanges driving, when flammable mixed gas passes through discharge space, just will produce low temperature plasma, at
Work(realizes large volume igniting, and flame is full of entire discharge space, highly shortened ignition delay time and improvement is caught fire pole
Limit.But when using continuous discharge igniting, block media is easy to be breakdown in the flame of high temperature, to become a little continuous
Plasma jet when using plasma jet initiation, with the form of continuous discharge arcing, is injected flammable mixed gas by electric discharge
In, the electric energy of the two consumption is larger, and reliability has certain deficiency.Country's experiment confirms flammable initial pressure range
It is combustion with methane, ethylene, Fuel Petroleum using unilateral dielectric barrier discharge under the conditions of 0.02-0.1Mpa and flow velocity 5-70m/s
Material realizes the large volume igniting of entire mixed gas channel cross-section.
Plug ignition and heat plasma flow point fire are to puncture medium by electrical discharge arc, although hot plasma compares spark plug
There is certain advantage, improve ignition quality than spark plug, shorten delay time, but belong to small size igniting, and heat plasma stream
Igniting needs to consume a large amount of energy, and ignition effectiveness is low, and ignitor is perishable, and system equipment is complicated, and hot plasma point
Ignition technique is in aviation field without successful application case.It lights a fire in high-speed flow in engine, needs to install in front of spark plug
Flame stabilizer passes through small and weak igniting in this way to generate certain low regime and recirculating zone in spark plug near zone
The small flame micelle of energy production, gradually develops, flame development is at stable combustion state.Plug ignition and plasma
Jet stream belongs to plasma igniting, is merely creating amount of ions and region difference, the energy dissipation of the two is than more serious, consumption
The small spark plug of energy only discharges between the high-field electrode and low-field electrode in very little gap, and electrode, which is inserted into, to be mixed in gas, if
Flowing velocity is larger, and pressure and temperature is relatively low, ignition difficulties will occurs, and the air velocity near spark plug is and engine
Working condition it is closely related, cannot individually control, thus ignition difficulties occur and be inevitable.
Engine is in high-altitude, high speed, low pressure, low temperature state of flight, and combustion chamber operating mode is very severe, low pressure point easily occurs
The problems such as fiery difficulty, poor combustion stability, efficiency of combustion decline.Coal burning boiler of power station starting is also required to efficient igniter,
To further reduce the cost, reduce disposal of pollutants.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved in the invention is how engine realizes efficient under high speed, low temperature and lower pressure
The igniter of reliable ignition and flame stabilization and generating plant pulverized coal boiler.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the invention discloses a kind of multichannel heating region ignition burning device,
Including:Plasma electrical source, nozzle, air inlet fish mouth, tangential stomata, tracheae, hollow insulator, high-field electrode, insulating part, low pressure
Electrode, shell, spin chamber, stomata, block media, low regime, central jet, stable flame chamber;The plasma electrical source output is handed over
The high voltage low current for flowing driving, the flammable mixed gas of low regime is lighted by the electric discharge between high-field electrode and low-field electrode;Institute
The nozzle stated is mounted on air inlet fish mouth tube wall;The air inlet fish mouth refers to intermediate with the air inlet pipe for splashing plate atomization, installation
On the shell, it is connect with body seal, after ensureing that high-speed flow enters spin chamber, generates the swirling eddy of high speed;The gas
Pipe is connect with hollow insulator, mixed pneumatic transmission is entered to the pipeline of high-field electrode, supply fuel oil mixes gas, or is individually supplied using air inlet fish mouth
Gas is mixed to fuel oil;The hollow insulator is mounted between high-field electrode and tracheae, is downstream high-field electrode, upstream is gas
Pipe ensures the gentle pipe insulation of high-field electrode;The high-field electrode is hollow metallic body, is mounted on igniter center
Electrode, inside are provided with central jet hole, and outside is connect with insulating part, are connect with the high-voltage line of plasma electrical source;Described
Insulating part is mounted between high-field electrode and low-field electrode, and inside is high-field electrode, and outside is low-field electrode, high-field electrode and
Low-field electrode is coaxial;The low-field electrode is hollow pipe, is provided with the stomata of certain amount thereon, ensure high-field electrode and
The gas of the low regime of low-field electrode flows, and inside is insulating part, and outside is shell, tight with inside insulating part and outside shell
Close connection is connect with the low-voltage line of plasma electrical source;The shell is cylindrical hollow metalwork, inside and low tension
Pole connects, and outer side surface is tightly connected with air inlet fish mouth, and one end is connect with dielectric, and one end is to be connected to stable flame chamber;It is described
Spin chamber be swirling eddy channel in shell, outside is shell, and inside is low-field electrode, and one end is to be connect with stable flame chamber
Outlet;The stomata is the dynamic hole of mixed air-flow that certain amount is provided on voltage electrode;The block media refers to installation
Insulating materials on the outside of high-field electrode ensures that the low regime between high-field electrode and low-field electrode generates the low temperature etc. of large volume
Gas ions;Spatial flow region of the low regime between high-field electrode and low-field electrode ensures reliable under low-speed conditions
Igniting;The central jet is the jet stream at high-field electrode center, ensures the penetration capacity of igniter jet flame;Described
Stable flame chamber is the flameholding region of definite shape, is mounted on shell one end exit.
Further, as a preferred embodiment, a kind of multichannel heating region ignition burning device, which is characterized in that packet
It includes:Plasma electrical source, nozzle, air inlet fish mouth, tangential stomata, tracheae, hollow insulator, high-field electrode, insulating part, low tension
Pole, shell, spin chamber, stomata, protrusion, low regime, central jet, stable flame chamber;The plasma electrical source output exchange is driven
Dynamic high voltage low current lights the flammable mixed gas of low regime by the electric discharge between high-field electrode and low-field electrode;Described
Nozzle is mounted on air inlet fish mouth tube wall, and fuel oil, which is directly injected to, to be splashed on plate;The air inlet fish mouth refers to that intermediate carry splashes plate
The air inlet pipe of atomization, installation on the shell, connect with body seal, after ensureing that high-speed flow enters spin chamber, generate high speed
Swirling eddy;The tracheae is connect with hollow insulator, and mixed pneumatic transmission is entered to the pipeline of high-field electrode, and supply fuel oil mixes gas, or
Gas is individually mixed using air inlet fish mouth supply fuel oil;The hollow insulator is mounted between high-field electrode and tracheae, downstream
For high-field electrode, upstream is tracheae;The high-field electrode is hollow metallic body, is mounted on the electricity of igniter center
Pole, inside are provided with central jet hole, and outside is connect with insulating part, are connect with the high-voltage line of plasma electrical source;Described is exhausted
Edge part is mounted between high-field electrode and low-field electrode, and inside is high-field electrode, and outside is low-field electrode, high-field electrode and low
Piezoelectricity is extremely coaxial;The low-field electrode is hollow pipe, is provided with the stomata of certain amount thereon, ensures high-field electrode and low
The gas of the low regime of piezoelectricity pole flows, and inside is insulating part, and outside is shell, close with inside insulating part and outside shell
Connection, connect with the low-voltage line of plasma electrical source;The shell is cylindrical hollow metalwork, inside and low-field electrode
Connection, outer side surface are tightly connected with air inlet fish mouth, and one end is the outlet being connect with stable flame chamber;The spin chamber is in shell
Swirling eddy channel, outside be shell, inside is low-field electrode, and one end connect with dielectric, one end and stable flame chamber company
It is logical;The stomata is the dynamic hole of mixed air-flow that certain amount is provided on low-field electrode;Certain number of permutations is set on high-field electrode
Protrusion, size is identical, and outer end outer diameter is identical, ensures the probability phase discharged to low-field electrode of each protrusion of high-field electrode
Together;Spatial flow region of the low regime between high-field electrode and low-field electrode ensures reliable ignition under low-speed conditions;
The central jet is the jet stream at high-field electrode center, ensures the penetration capacity of igniter jet flame;The steady flame
Room is the flameholding region of definite shape, is mounted on shell one end exit.
Further, as a preferred embodiment, the air inlet fish mouth is mounted on the input end of shell and low-field electrode, with import
It is tightly connected;The tangential stomata is air inlet fish mouth venthole, and air inlet fish mouth venthole is equipped with one or more blades, outlet
Blade keeps air-flow high speed rotation in spin chamber, exit vane width identical as spin chamber's radial spacing.
Further, as a preferred embodiment, the air inlet fish mouth is mounted on shell one end opposite with stable flame chamber, with shell
It is tightly connected;The tangential stomata is air admission hole, and height is identical as spin chamber's radial distance.
Further, as a preferred embodiment, the protrusion gap 2-10mm.
Further, as a preferred embodiment, the exit vane that the tangential stomata is air inlet fish mouth makes air-flow in spin chamber
Interior high speed rotation.
Further, as a preferred embodiment, the insulating part is refractory ceramics.
Further, as a preferred embodiment, high-field electrode is pipe or cylinder.
Further, as a preferred embodiment, described tracheae one end is connected with air inlet fish mouth or tracheae uses independent air inlet fish
Mouth supplies fuel oil and mixes gas.
Further, as a preferred embodiment, the voltage of the plasma electrical source, electric current and a-c cycle are respectively:1-
10kV, 0.1-10A and 10-500kHz.
Further, as a preferred embodiment, the discharge time in the discharge frequency of the plasma electrical source and each period point
It is not:2-1000Hz and 0.2-500ms.
Further, as a preferred embodiment, the power supply uses nanosecond pulse power supply under the conditions of low frequency operation.
Since low regime is discharged in igniter, the multi-point spark for mixing gas region is realized, and this region is high-temp combustion
Thermonuclear area, plays the role of incendiary source and flame stabilization, to realize the high efficient and reliable igniting under high speed, low temperature and lower pressure
And flame stabilization.The present invention makes full use of the fuel-oil atmozation evaporation mixing and burning flame stabilization function of high speed rotation air-flow, high-voltage electricity
Plasma multiple spot is realized in the penetration capacity of hypervelocity central jet flame, the low regime between high-field electrode and low-field electrode
Igniting and region igniting, low regime are the thermonuclear area of high-temp combustion, and high-field electrode and low-field electrode outlet are recirculating zone, are constituted micro-
Type high-velocity combustion room, has the following advantages that:
1. mixing gas in the centrally disposed jet stream of high-field electrode, combustion zone turbulivity is improved, improves oil gas blending, flame rigidity
By force.
2. being introduced tangentially into high speed rotation fuel oil using air inlet fish mouth mixes gas, fuel-oil atmozation evaporation and miscibility are substantially improved
Can, simple in structure, flow losses are small.
3. the low regime between high-field electrode and low-field electrode, influenced by external air flow it is small, by more on high-field electrode
A electric discharge protrusion realizes multiple spot and discharging regions igniting.
4. being exported by stomata on low-field electrode and low regime, fresh mixed gas continuously is supplied to low regime, together
When be discharged combustion product, low regime forms the thermonuclear area of burning, plays ignition action on duty.
5. there are turbulivitys between the recirculating zone that swirling eddy is formed, two strands of air-flows for the central jet in stable flame chamber very
Greatly, the lower transition region of speed, thus it is the double-deck annular space structure to put fire ring, ignition ability is strong.
6. central jet and swirling eddy speed are very high, flame is not present in high-field electrode and spin chamber, air-flow is to point
Fiery device plays cooling effect, ensures the security reliability of igniter.
7. is small, simple in structure, flame rigidity is strong, and penetration capacity is strong, and burning is abundant, can establish stable igniting
Source.
Therefore, a kind of multichannel heating region ignition burning device of the invention, having improves low pressure, low temperature, height
The mist of oil combustion by evaporation performance of fuel oil under fast flow conditions improves the reliability of high-altitude ignition and regnition, improves burning
Performance, and meet the igniting demand of coal burning boiler of power station.
Description of the drawings
When considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, by referring to following detailed description, can more completely more fully understand the present invention with
And be easy to learn the advantage that many of which is adjoint, but attached drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present invention,
The part of the present invention is constituted, the illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, does not constitute to this hair
Bright improper restriction, wherein:
1 structural schematic diagram of Fig. 1 multichannels heating region ignition burning device embodiment.
2 structural schematic diagram of Fig. 2 multichannels heating region ignition burning device embodiment.
Specific implementation mode
- 2 pairs of the embodiment of the present invention illustrate referring to Fig.1.
It is right with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description to keep above objects, features, and advantages more obvious and easy to understand
The present invention is described in further detail.
After being restructured to low-temperature plasma electrical source, interval can be generated and generate low temperature plasma, discharge time
0.1-1000ms is adjustable, 0.1-1000 hertz of frequency.Using dielectric barrier discharge, a large amount of low-temperature plasma is generated in region of discharge
Body may be implemented the flammable mixed gas in the low regime between high-field electrode and low-field electrode and catch fire.If by space high-voltage electrode
Multiple protrusion object points discharge to low-field electrode, and the region of electric discharge expands, even if the mixed gas ingredient and air-flow velocity of different zones are not
Together, it lights a fire in flammable boundary and speed envelope as long as regional area is in, it is ensured that lighting a fire successfully.The experiment proves that single is put
The energy ratio spark plug of electricity is much lower, but frequency can be very high, such as 200 hertz of discharge frequency, there is 20 protrusion point of discharges,
They are in the different location in mixed gas, and assume that the discharge probability of each protrusion is identical, and each protrusion that discharges is per second
The discharge frequency of clock is 10 hertz.For the flammable mixed gas of the flowing between discharge electrode, as long as flowing through a certain electric discharge protrusion
The mixed gas of object is suitable, can light a fire successfully.According to this thinking, under the conditions of exploitation design high-speed flow, region ignition method and
Technology, the reliable ignition for aircraft under upper low provide guarantee.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of multichannel heating region ignition burning device, include mainly nozzle 1, air inlet fish mouth 2,
Tangential stomata 3, tracheae 4, hollow insulator 5, high-field electrode 6, insulating part 7, low-field electrode 8, shell 9, spin chamber 10, stomata
11, block media 12, low regime 13, central jet 14, stable flame chamber 15;The nozzle 1 refers to smooth-bore tip or other nozzles,
The certain position in air inlet fish mouth tube wall;The air inlet fish mouth 2 refers to intermediate with the air inlet pipe for splashing plate atomization, its peace
Mounted in the input end of shell 9 and low-field electrode 8, it is tightly connected with import;The tangential stomata 3 refers to 2 outlet of air inlet fish mouth
Hole, 2 venthole of air inlet fish mouth are equipped with one or more blades, and exit vane makes air-flow high speed rotation in spin chamber, exports leaf
Piece height is identical as spin chamber's radial spacing;The tracheae 4 refers to the pipe that the mixed pneumatic transmission come from air inlet fish mouth enters high-field electrode
Road is connect with hollow insulator 5, or air inlet fish mouth individually is arranged in 5 import of hollow insulator, and supply fuel oil mixes gas;Described
Hollow insulator 5 is mounted between high-field electrode and tracheae, is downstream high-field electrode, upstream is tracheae;The high-voltage electricity
Pole 6 refers to metal circular tube or cylinder, is mounted on the electrode of igniter center, and inside is provided with central jet hole, outside with
Insulating part connects, and thereon or places insulation barrier medium, or equipped with electric discharge protrusion, connect with the high-voltage line of plasma electrical source
It connects;The insulating part 7 refers to the insulating materials such as the ceramics being mounted between high-field electrode and low-field electrode, ensures high-field electrode
Good electric discharge between low-field electrode, inside are high-field electrode, and outside is low-field electrode, ensure high-field electrode and low tension
It is extremely coaxial;The low-field electrode 8 refers to hollow pipe, is provided with the aperture of certain amount thereon, ensures high-field electrode and low
The gas of the low regime of piezoelectricity pole flows, and inside is insulating part, and outside is shell, close with inside insulating part and outside shell
Connection, connect with the low-voltage line of plasma electrical source;The shell 9 refers to cylindrical hollow metalwork, inside and low pressure
Electrode connects, and outer side surface is tightly connected with air inlet fish mouth, and one end is connect with dielectric, and one end outlet is connect with stable flame chamber;
The spin chamber 10 refers to the swirling eddy channel in shell, and outside is shell, and inside is low-field electrode, and import is insulation
Part exports as stable flame chamber;The stomata 11 refers to the dynamic hole of mixed air-flow that certain amount is provided on low-field electrode, ensures low regime
Interior mixed air-flow is dynamic, makes have flame combustion in low regime always;The block media 12 refers to being mounted on the outside of high-field electrode
Insulating materials, ensure that the low regime between high-field electrode and low-field electrode generates the low temperature plasma of large volume, to real
Existing large volume igniting.Or the protrusion 16 of certain number of permutations is set on high-field electrode(Referring to Fig. 2), size is identical, outside
It holds outer diameter identical, is located in low regime, ensure that the probability that each protrusion of high-field electrode discharges to low-field electrode is identical, ensure multiple spot
Electric discharge, or can not use dielectric barrier discharge using nanosecond pulse power supply;The low regime 13 refers to high-field electrode and low pressure
Flow region is pacified in space between electrode, ensures reliable ignition under low-speed conditions;The central jet 14 refers to high-field electrode
The jet stream at center ensures the penetration capacity of igniter jet flame;The stable flame chamber 15 refers to the burning note of definite shape
Determine region, be mounted at housing outlets, create recirculating zone, ensures that the stability of point flame, burning are abundant.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Fig. 2, a kind of multichannel heating region ignition burning device, include mainly nozzle 1, air inlet fish mouth 2,
Tangential stomata 3, tracheae 4, hollow insulator 5, high-field electrode 6, insulating part 7, low-field electrode 8, shell 9, spin chamber 10, stomata
11, protrusion 16, low regime 13, central jet 14, stable flame chamber 15;The nozzle 1 refers to smooth-bore tip or other nozzles,
The certain position in air inlet fish mouth tube wall;The air inlet fish mouth 2 refers to the intermediate air inlet pipe for carrying and splashing plate atomization, it
Mounted on the upstream end of shell, it is connect with body seal;The tangential stomata 3 refers to rectangle air admission hole, height and rotation
Flow chamber radial distance is identical, is arranged in the upstream end of shell, after ensureing that high-speed flow enters spin chamber, generates the rotation of high speed
Air-flow;The tracheae 4 refers to the pipeline that the mixed pneumatic transmission come from air inlet fish mouth enters high-field electrode, connect with high-field electrode, also may be used
For air inlet fish mouth individually is arranged in high-field electrode import, supply fuel oil mixes gas;The hollow insulator 5 is mounted on high-field electrode
It is downstream high-field electrode, upstream is tracheae between tracheae;The high-field electrode 6 refers to metal circular tube or cylinder, peace
Electrode mounted in igniter center, inside are provided with central jet hole, and outside is connect with insulating part, thereon or equipped with putting protrusion
Object 16, or place insulation barrier medium 12(Referring to Fig. 1), it is connect with the high-voltage line of plasma electrical source;The insulating part 7
Refer to the insulating materials such as the ceramics being mounted between high-field electrode and low-field electrode, ensures between high-field electrode and low-field electrode
Good electric discharge, inside are high-field electrode, and outside is low-field electrode, ensure that high-field electrode and low-field electrode are coaxial;Described is low
Piezoelectricity pole 8 refers to hollow pipe, is provided with the aperture of certain amount thereon, ensures the low regime of high-field electrode and low-field electrode
Gas flows, and inside is insulating part, and outside is shell, is closely connect with inside insulating part and outside shell, with plasma
The low-voltage line of body power supply connects;The shell 9 refers to cylindrical hollow metalwork, and inside is connect with low-field electrode, lateral wall
Face is tightly connected with air inlet fish mouth, and one end is connect with dielectric, and one end outlet is connect with stable flame chamber;The spin chamber 10 is
Refer to the swirling eddy channel in shell, outside is shell, and inside is low-field electrode, and import is insulating part, is exported as stable flame chamber;
The stomata 11 refers to the dynamic hole of mixed air-flow that certain amount is provided on low-field electrode, ensures that the mixed air-flow in low regime is dynamic, makes
Always there is flame combustion in low regime;The electric discharge protrusion 16 refers to the protrusion that certain number of permutations is arranged on high-field electrode
Object, size is identical, and outer end outer diameter is identical, is located in low regime, ensures that each protrusion 16 of high-field electrode discharges to low-field electrode
Probability it is identical, ensure that insulation barrier medium is installed on the outside of multiple spot electric discharge or cylindrical pressure electrode, realize discharging regions, or
Dielectric barrier discharge can not be used using nanosecond pulse power supply;The low regime 13 refers between high-field electrode and low-field electrode
Space pacify flow region, ensure low-speed conditions under reliable ignition;The central jet 14 refers to penetrating for high-field electrode center
Stream ensures the penetration capacity of igniter jet flame;The stable flame chamber 15 refers to that region is doomed in the burning of definite shape,
At housing outlets, recirculating zone is created, ensures that the stability of point flame, burning are abundant.
Erection sequence:High-field electrode 6 is connect with insulating part 7;Insulating part 7 is connect with low-field electrode 8;Low-field electrode 8 with it is outer
Shell 9 connects;Shell 9 is connect with stable flame chamber 15;Nozzle 1 is connect with air inlet fish mouth 2;Air inlet fish mouth 2 and low-field electrode 8 and shell 9
Connection;Air inlet fish mouth 2 is connect with tracheae 4;Tracheae 4 is connect with hollow insulator 5;Hollow insulator 5 is connect with high-field electrode;
High-field electrode 5 is connect with the high-voltage line of power supply;Low-field electrode 8 is connect with the low-voltage line of power supply.
The course of work of the multichannel heating region ignition burning device of the present invention is as follows:In the combustion chamber of engine
In, the air inlet of air inlet fish mouth 2 always exists, and fuel oil is ejected into splashing for air inlet fish mouth 2 by nozzle 1 and is atomized blending, fuel oil on plate
Mixed gas enters spin chamber 10 by tangential stomata 3, and fuel oil mixes gas high speed rotation in spin chamber 10, improves the atomization and vaporization of fuel oil
And blending, mixed cyclone turn of tidal stream go out spin chamber 10, into stable flame chamber 15, cause pressure in igniter low due to rotating mixed gas, fire
The mixed gas of oil flows into low regime 13 or mixed gas from the outlet of low regime 13 inflow low regime from the stomata 11 of low-field electrode 8, then from
Stomata 11 on low-field electrode flows out, and another strand of fuel oil mixes gas and enter high-field electrode 6 by tracheae 4, and mixed gas passes through central jet
14 pass through stable flame chamber 15;While fuel feeding, plasma electrical source is initially powered up, and protrusion 16 is put to low on high-field electrode 6
Piezoelectricity pole 8 is discharged, and lights the flammable mixed gas in low regime 13, recirculating zone in the flame ignition stable flame chamber 15 in low regime 13
Mixed gas, flame further light swirling eddy and mix gas and the mixed gas of high-speed jet, and to establish stable high-speed flame, this is powerful
High-speed jet flame, can burn indoor fuel oil of ignition engine mix gas, ensure the reliable ignition and flame stabilization of engine
Property.
As be apparent from the foregoing, the present invention is by making full use of fuel-oil atmozation evaporation mixing and the burning of high speed rotation air-flow
Flame stabilization function, the penetration capacity of high-field electrode high-speed central jet flame, the low regime between high-field electrode and low-field electrode
Realize plasma multi-point spark and region igniting, incendiary source and fire play in this high-temp combustion thermonuclear area and stable flame chamber on duty
The effect that flame is stablized constitutes miniature high-speed combustion chamber, and high-field electrode and low-field electrode outlet are recirculating zone, high-speed jet and rotation
Air-flow cools down igniter, and the high-speed jet flame which provides can ensure engine in low-pressure low-temperature and high speed
Under the conditions of reliable ignition and stablize burn, extend stablize burning working range.The present invention disclosure satisfy that by rationally designing
The needs of high-performance enginer igniting.And it disclosure satisfy that the starting ignition demand of coal burning boiler of power station.
A kind of multichannel heating region ignition burning device of the present invention, it is sky to be applicable in in-engine parameter area
Atmospheric pressure 0.03-3.0Mpa, inlet air flow temperature 300-1000K, speed 50-200m/s.The fuel flow of the igniter
0.5-20g/s, supply voltage 1-30kV, discharge frequency 5-1000Hz, discharge time 0.3-1000ms improve fuel-oil atmozation evaporation
Blend quality, the high-speed jet flame provided, can ensure reliable ignition of the engine under low-pressure low-temperature and high-speed condition and
Stablize burning, extends and stablize burning working range.Also the ignition ability of coal burning boiler of power station can be improved.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that these
Specific implementation mode is merely illustrative of, those skilled in the art in the case where not departing from the principle and substance of the present invention,
Various omissions, substitutions and changes can be carried out to the details of the above method and system.For example, merge above method step, to
Substantially identical function is executed according to substantially identical method to realize that substantially identical result then belongs to the scope of the present invention.Cause
This, the scope of the present invention is only limited by the claims that follow.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of multichannel heating region ignition burning device, which is characterized in that including:Plasma electrical source, nozzle, into
It is gas fish mouth, tracheae, hollow insulator, high-field electrode, insulating part, low-field electrode, shell, spin chamber, stomata, block media, low
Fast area, central jet, stable flame chamber;The high voltage low current of the plasma electrical source output exchange driving, passes through high-field electrode
The flammable mixed gas of low regime is lighted in electric discharge between low-field electrode;The nozzle is mounted on air inlet fish mouth tube wall, fuel oil
It is directly injected to and splashes on plate;The air inlet fish mouth refers to intermediate with the air inlet pipe for splashing plate atomization, and installation is on the shell, and outer
Shell is tightly connected, and after ensureing that high-speed flow enters spin chamber, generates the swirling eddy of high speed;The tracheae and hollow insulator
Mixed pneumatic transmission is entered the pipeline of high-field electrode by connection, and supply fuel oil mixes gas, or individually mixes gas using air inlet fish mouth supply fuel oil;Institute
The hollow insulator stated is mounted between high-field electrode and tracheae, is downstream high-field electrode, upstream is tracheae;The high pressure
Electrode is hollow metallic body, is mounted on the electrode of igniter center, inside is provided with central jet hole, outside and insulating part
Connection, connect with the high-voltage line of plasma electrical source;The insulating part is mounted between high-field electrode and low-field electrode,
Inside is high-field electrode, and outside is low-field electrode, and high-field electrode and low-field electrode are coaxial;The low-field electrode is hollow circle
Pipe is provided with the stomata of certain amount thereon, ensures the gas flowing of the low regime of high-field electrode and low-field electrode, inside is exhausted
Edge part, outside are shell, are closely connect with inside insulating part and outside shell, are connect with the low-voltage line of plasma electrical source;
The shell is cylindrical hollow metalwork, and inside is connect with low-field electrode, and outer side surface is tightly connected with air inlet fish mouth, one
End is the outlet being connect with stable flame chamber;The spin chamber is the swirling eddy channel in shell, and outside is shell, and inside is
Low-field electrode, one end are connect with dielectric, and one end is connected to stable flame chamber;The stomata is to be provided with a fixed number on low-field electrode
Purpose mixed air-flow moves hole;The block media refer to be mounted on high-field electrode on the outside of insulating materials, ensure high-field electrode and
Low regime between low-field electrode generates the low temperature plasma of large volume;The low regime is high-field electrode and low-field electrode
Between spatial flow region, ensure low-speed conditions under reliable ignition;The central jet is the jet stream at high-field electrode center,
Ensure the penetration capacity of igniter jet flame;The stable flame chamber is the flameholding region of definite shape, is mounted on
Shell one end exit.
2. a kind of multichannel heating region ignition burning device, which is characterized in that including:Plasma electrical source, nozzle, into
Gas fish mouth, tracheae, hollow insulator, high-field electrode, insulating part, low-field electrode, shell, spin chamber, stomata, protrusion, low speed
Area, central jet, stable flame chamber;The high voltage low current of plasma electrical source output exchange driving, by high-field electrode and
The flammable mixed gas of low regime is lighted in electric discharge between low-field electrode;The nozzle is mounted on air inlet fish mouth tube wall, and fuel oil is straight
It connects to be ejected into and splash on plate;The air inlet fish mouth refers to the intermediate air inlet pipe for carrying and splashing plate atomization, is installed on the shell, with shell
It is tightly connected, after ensureing that high-speed flow enters spin chamber, generates the swirling eddy of high speed;The tracheae connects with hollow insulator
It connects, mixed pneumatic transmission is entered to the pipeline of high-field electrode, supply fuel oil mixes gas, or individually mixes gas using air inlet fish mouth supply fuel oil;It is described
Hollow insulator be mounted between high-field electrode and tracheae, be downstream high-field electrode, upstream is tracheae;The high-voltage electricity
Extremely hollow metallic body is mounted on the electrode of igniter center, and inside is provided with central jet hole, and outside connects with insulating part
It connects, is connect with the high-voltage line of plasma electrical source;The insulating part is mounted between high-field electrode and low-field electrode, in
Side is high-field electrode, and outside is low-field electrode, and high-field electrode and low-field electrode are coaxial;The low-field electrode is hollow circle
Pipe is provided with the stomata of certain amount thereon, ensures the gas flowing of the low regime of high-field electrode and low-field electrode, inside is exhausted
Edge part, outside are shell, are closely connect with inside insulating part and outside shell, are connect with the low-voltage line of plasma electrical source;
The shell is cylindrical hollow metalwork, and inside is connect with low-field electrode, and outer side surface is tightly connected with air inlet fish mouth, one
End is the outlet being connect with stable flame chamber;The spin chamber is the swirling eddy channel in shell, and outside is shell, and inside is
Low-field electrode, one end are connect with dielectric, and one end is connected to stable flame chamber;The stomata is to be provided with a fixed number on low-field electrode
Purpose mixed air-flow moves hole;The protrusion of certain number of permutations is set on high-field electrode, and size is identical, and outer end outer diameter is identical, protects
The probability that card each protrusion of high-field electrode discharges to low-field electrode is identical;The low regime be high-field electrode and low-field electrode it
Between spatial flow region, ensure low-speed conditions under reliable ignition;The central jet is the jet stream at high-field electrode center, is protected
Demonstrate,prove the penetration capacity of igniter jet flame;The stable flame chamber is the flameholding region of definite shape, is mounted on shell
Body one end exit.
3. multichannel heating region according to claim 1 or 2 ignition burning device, it is characterised in that:Described
Air inlet fish mouth is mounted on the input end of shell and low-field electrode, is tightly connected with import;The venthole of the air inlet fish mouth is to cut
To stomata, air inlet fish mouth venthole is equipped with one or more blades, and the blade makes air-flow high speed rotation in spin chamber, described
Width of blade is identical as spin chamber's radial spacing.
4. multichannel heating region according to claim 1 or 2 ignition burning device, it is characterised in that:Described
Air inlet fish mouth is mounted on shell one end opposite with stable flame chamber, is connect with body seal;The venthole of the air inlet fish mouth is to cut
Air admission hole to stomata as the spin chamber, height are identical as spin chamber's radial distance.
5. multichannel heating region according to claim 2 ignition burning device, it is characterised in that:The protrusion
Gap 2-10mm.
6. any one multichannel according to claim 1 or 2 heating region ignition burning device, feature exist
In:The insulating part is refractory ceramics.
7. any one multichannel according to claim 1 or 2 heating region ignition burning device, feature exist
In:High-field electrode is pipe or cylinder.
8. any one multichannel according to claim 1 or 2 heating region ignition burning device, feature exist
In:Described tracheae one end is connected with air inlet fish mouth or tracheae mixes gas using independent air inlet fish mouth supply fuel oil.
9. any one multichannel according to claim 1 or 2 heating region ignition burning device, feature exist
In:Voltage, electric current and the a-c cycle of the plasma electrical source be respectively:1-10kV, 0.1-10A and 10-500kHz.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201410072681.2A CN104879780B (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2014-02-28 | A kind of multichannel heating region ignition burning device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201410072681.2A CN104879780B (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2014-02-28 | A kind of multichannel heating region ignition burning device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN104879780A CN104879780A (en) | 2015-09-02 |
CN104879780B true CN104879780B (en) | 2018-10-19 |
Family
ID=53947382
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201410072681.2A Active CN104879780B (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2014-02-28 | A kind of multichannel heating region ignition burning device |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN104879780B (en) |
Families Citing this family (34)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101877453B1 (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2018-07-13 | 한국기계연구원 | Plasma igniter |
CN107218623B (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2019-08-09 | 航天神洁(北京)科技发展有限公司 | A kind of sliding arc auxiliary combustion equipment generating atmospheric non-equilibrium plasma |
CN107327354B (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2018-12-25 | 中国人民解放军装备学院 | Coaxial DC formula plasma nozzle based on dielectric barrier discharge |
CN107842427B (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2019-07-23 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of preheating type plasma igniter and ignition method |
CN109746533B (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2020-09-29 | 南京航空航天大学 | Multi-channel discharge atomization ablation grinding composite processing method |
CN108412616B (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2019-07-23 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Aeroengine combustor buring room guide vane formula DBD Plasma Assisted Combustion driver |
CN109059044A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-12-21 | 湖南云顶智能科技有限公司 | A kind of supporting plate spray burner and ignition method being provided with pulse firing source |
CN109268189A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-01-25 | 大连民族大学 | A kind of plasma igniter application method with air duct and fuel channel |
CN109404197A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-03-01 | 大连民族大学 | A kind of igniter with double air inlet bias Double-positive-pole structures |
CN109268187A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-01-25 | 大连民族大学 | A kind of double plasma discharging igniters of double air inlets |
CN109253022A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-01-22 | 大连民族大学 | A kind of double discharge plasma igniters with double air inlet multianode structures |
CN109209724A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-01-15 | 大连民族大学 | A kind of plasma igniter with double air inlets and Double-positive-pole structure |
CN109083797A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2018-12-25 | 大连民族大学 | A kind of plasma igniter with outlet inclined hole and multianode structure |
CN109340017A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-02-15 | 大连民族大学 | It is a kind of with it is combustion-supporting with igniting double working modes Plasma Assisted Combustion drivers |
CN109209725A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-01-15 | 大连民族大学 | A kind of plasma igniter with Double-positive-pole structure |
CN109253027A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-01-22 | 大连民族大学 | A kind of plasma igniter with hollow vent electrode and multianode structure |
CN109441689A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-03-08 | 大连民族大学 | A kind of igniter working method with fuel channel and hollow anode structure |
CN109668169B (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-05 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Aero-engine combustion chamber plasma auxiliary atomization ignition nozzle |
CN110189346A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-08-30 | 西北工业大学 | Flame turbulivity acquiring method based on chemical self-luminous technology |
CN110886657A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-03-17 | 北京动力机械研究所 | Plasma ignition system of air-breathing engine |
CN111734531B (en) * | 2020-01-18 | 2022-01-07 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Self-excitation multipoint jet plasma igniter |
CN112096554B (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2022-03-18 | 清华大学 | Engine low-temperature plasma ignition method and system |
CN112761820B (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2022-07-29 | 北京动力机械研究所 | Plasma igniter for ramjet engine |
CN112761819B (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2023-01-06 | 北京动力机械研究所 | Microminiature intelligent adjustable ignition system and adjusting method |
CN113217196B (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2022-09-20 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Self-air-entraining sliding arc plasma jet igniter of concave cavity flame stabilizer and ignition method |
CN112963273B (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2022-07-01 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Self-air-entraining kerosene pre-combustion cracking activation device and method for concave cavity flame stabilizer |
CN114143950A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-03-04 | 领航国创等离子技术研究院(北京)有限公司 | Oxygen flame composite plasma torch |
CN114110588B (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2023-07-11 | 中国人民解放军战略支援部队航天工程大学 | Plasma control jet flame experiment system and method under high air pressure condition |
CN114754378B (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-08-19 | 成都中科翼能科技有限公司 | Gas turbine combustor structure |
CN115143849A (en) * | 2022-07-09 | 2022-10-04 | 南京理工大学 | Plasma energy conversion element integrated with energetic film |
CN115324720B (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2024-03-12 | 江苏大学 | Micro combustion chamber based on dielectric barrier discharge principle |
CN116182192B (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2024-04-19 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所 | Air film cooling ignition ring for combustion heating equipment |
CN116164307B (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2024-04-19 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所 | Gas spiral-flow type air-hydrogen torch igniter |
CN117553321B (en) * | 2024-01-11 | 2024-03-22 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心计算空气动力研究所 | Multi-channel discharge plasma fuel cracking pneumatic nozzle |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5367871A (en) * | 1992-07-27 | 1994-11-29 | General Electric Company | Aircraft engine ignition system |
US5845480A (en) * | 1996-03-13 | 1998-12-08 | Unison Industries Limited Partnership | Ignition methods and apparatus using microwave and laser energy |
CN2414310Y (en) * | 2000-03-13 | 2001-01-10 | 辽宁电力科学研究院 | Coal powder multi-channel direct electric ignitor |
CN101158321A (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2008-04-09 | 清华大学 | Low-temperature plasma non-hot point fire steadying flame device |
CN101469870A (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-01 | 通用电气公司 | Premixing pre-vortex plasma assistant lighter |
CN101761940A (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2010-06-30 | 上海中科清洁能源技术发展中心 | Non-equilibrium thermodynamics plasma igniting and combustion-supporting device |
JP2010533833A (en) * | 2007-07-19 | 2010-10-28 | ヤンタイ・ロンヤン・パワー・テクノロジー・カンパニー・リミテッド | Plasma ignition burner |
JP2011018593A (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-27 | Denso Corp | Plasma ignition device |
CN102705108A (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2012-10-03 | 北京大学 | Periodic alternating current drive low-temperature plasma ignition method and system |
CN102980203A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2013-03-20 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Gas-state fuel cyclone integrated igniter |
-
2014
- 2014-02-28 CN CN201410072681.2A patent/CN104879780B/en active Active
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5367871A (en) * | 1992-07-27 | 1994-11-29 | General Electric Company | Aircraft engine ignition system |
US5845480A (en) * | 1996-03-13 | 1998-12-08 | Unison Industries Limited Partnership | Ignition methods and apparatus using microwave and laser energy |
CN2414310Y (en) * | 2000-03-13 | 2001-01-10 | 辽宁电力科学研究院 | Coal powder multi-channel direct electric ignitor |
CN101158321A (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2008-04-09 | 清华大学 | Low-temperature plasma non-hot point fire steadying flame device |
JP2010533833A (en) * | 2007-07-19 | 2010-10-28 | ヤンタイ・ロンヤン・パワー・テクノロジー・カンパニー・リミテッド | Plasma ignition burner |
CN101469870A (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-01 | 通用电气公司 | Premixing pre-vortex plasma assistant lighter |
JP2011018593A (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-27 | Denso Corp | Plasma ignition device |
CN101761940A (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2010-06-30 | 上海中科清洁能源技术发展中心 | Non-equilibrium thermodynamics plasma igniting and combustion-supporting device |
CN102705108A (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2012-10-03 | 北京大学 | Periodic alternating current drive low-temperature plasma ignition method and system |
CN102980203A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2013-03-20 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Gas-state fuel cyclone integrated igniter |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN104879780A (en) | 2015-09-02 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN104879780B (en) | A kind of multichannel heating region ignition burning device | |
CN106438158B (en) | Aero-engine main chamber based on plasma jet ignition | |
CN108005790B (en) | Aero-engine plasma jet igniter based on self-air-entraining | |
CN107218623B (en) | A kind of sliding arc auxiliary combustion equipment generating atmospheric non-equilibrium plasma | |
US8783196B2 (en) | AC plasma ejection gun, the method for supplying power to it and pulverized coal burner | |
CN103953474B (en) | Directional spinning plasma combustion-supporting system | |
CN103925116B (en) | Sliding arc ignition mechanism | |
CN102980209B (en) | Plasma catalysis ignition integrated nozzle | |
US10111314B2 (en) | Energy generation by igniting flames of an electropositive metal by plasmatizing the reaction gas | |
US20100186414A1 (en) | Magnetic ion plasma annular injection combustor | |
CN100585279C (en) | Coal powder ignition device and method | |
CN101158321A (en) | Low-temperature plasma non-hot point fire steadying flame device | |
CN109084328B (en) | Slip arc discharge enhanced supersonic speed aerosol mixing combustor | |
CN112761820B (en) | Plasma igniter for ramjet engine | |
CN104154567A (en) | Rotating detonation combustion chamber | |
CN109668169A (en) | A kind of aeroengine combustor buring room plasmaassisted is atomized ignition burner | |
Matveev et al. | Non-equilibrium plasma igniters and pilots for aerospace application | |
CN108151069B (en) | Main combustion zone radial flow combustion chamber and oil-gas mixing method | |
CN104713088A (en) | Burner nozzle based on atmospheric plasma jet | |
CN106050471B (en) | A kind of advance atomization igniter for Liquid fuel ramjet engine | |
CN116951473A (en) | Plasma ignition combustion-supporting head excited by central sliding arc discharge | |
CN110439691B (en) | Plasma on-duty flame igniter based on aircraft engine afterburner | |
CN109057993B (en) | Plasma spray combustion device with electrode cooling function | |
KR101501260B1 (en) | Evaporator and burner using the same | |
CN102705108A (en) | Periodic alternating current drive low-temperature plasma ignition method and system |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |