CN104876728A - Saline-alkali soil high-nitrogen long-acting slow-release fertilizer and application thereof in planting of acer negundo - Google Patents
Saline-alkali soil high-nitrogen long-acting slow-release fertilizer and application thereof in planting of acer negundo Download PDFInfo
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- CN104876728A CN104876728A CN201510254900.3A CN201510254900A CN104876728A CN 104876728 A CN104876728 A CN 104876728A CN 201510254900 A CN201510254900 A CN 201510254900A CN 104876728 A CN104876728 A CN 104876728A
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Abstract
The invention provides a saline-alkali soil high-nitrogen long-acting slow-release fertilizer comprising the following components in parts by mass: 40-45 parts of maleic anhydride, 13-16 parts of citric acid, 15-20 parts of phosphorus nitrate, 13-15 parts of biochemical fulvic acid, 7-10 parts of humic acid, 1-2 parts of chelate iron, 2-3 parts of chelate zinc, 15-17 parts of ammonium sulfate, 15-20 parts of urea phosphate, 2-4 parts of urease inhibitor, 1-3 parts of zinc chloride and 1.2-1.5 parts of chitosan. The invention also provides an application of the slow-release fertilizer in planting of acer negundo. The slow-release fertilizer provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that the sulfate content in soil is reduced to 0.12-0.16mg/100g, the pH value of the soil is 7.6-7.8, the utilization rate of a phosphorus fertilizer in the soil is improved by 13-16%, the transplantation survival rate of the acer negundo is 96.7-98.9%, and the acer negundo can endure a low temperature of -42 to -47 DEG C.
Description
Technical field
The invention provides a kind of fertilizer and the application in Acer negundo. L plantation thereof, be specifically related to a kind of saltings height nitrogen sustained slow-release fertilizer and the application in Acer negundo. L plantation thereof, belong to technical field of soil fertilizer.
Background technology
The arable land of China accounts for 7% of the world, and but employ the chemical fertilizer accounting for the world about 35%, fertilizer amount occupies first place in the world, and chemical fertilizer utilization ratio is low is the subject matter faced.Nitrogenous fertilizer very easily loses after being applied to soil, loss by way of having drip washing, gas loss and fixing, the utilization ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer only has about 30%, loses in a large number.China every year by the nitrogenous fertilizer of drip washing and volatilization loss at 1200 ~ 1,400 ten thousand tons, cause huge waste, fertilizer loss is except causing waste, and serious environment pollution simultaneously, reduces quality of agricultural product, improves utilization rate of fertilizer, has become extensive concern Important Problems.
Existing high-nitrogen slow released fertilizer, the also Shortcomings when saltings uses: (1) while sulphate content, effectively can not reduce soil pH in reduction soil; (2) after being applied to soil, the fertilizer effectiveness time length is short, and nitrogenous fertilizer release rate is too high, causes the increase of fertilizer amount; (3) plant in the soil of plant after improvement, transplanting survival rate be low, increment and fruit yield not high.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the deficiency solving prior art existence, provides a kind of saltings height nitrogen sustained slow-release fertilizer and the application in Acer negundo. L plantation thereof, to realize following goal of the invention:
(1) effectively improve the alkaline land soil of planting area, reduce sulphate content in soil, reduce soil pH.
(2) after fertilizer of the present invention is applied to saltings, improve available phosphorus content in soil, improve the utilization ratio of phosphate fertilizer.
(3) fertilizer prepared of the present invention, nitrogen content is high, long-acting slow-release, extends nitrogenous fertilizer time of releasing in soil, saves the consumption of fertilizer.
(4) fertilizer of the present invention is planted for the saltings of Acer negundo. L, and transplanting survival rate and the fruit yield of Acer negundo. L are significantly increased, and increment is large, and height year increment reaches 80-100cm, and diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground year increment reaches 1.5-2.5cm, and hat width year increment reaches 62-95cm.
(5) fertilizer of the present invention is planted for the saltings of Acer negundo. L, and Acer negundo. L is low temperature resistant reaches 42 ~-47 DEG C.
for solving the problems of the technologies described above, by the following technical solutions:
A kind of saltings height nitrogen sustained slow-release fertilizer, described slow-release fertilizer comprises nitric acid phosphorus, humic acids, ammonium sulfate, zinc chloride, chitosan.
Described slow-release fertilizer, also comprises maleic anhydride, citric acid, biochemical fulvic acid, chelated iron, chelated zinc, Ureaphil, urease inhibitor.
Described slow-release fertilizer, the mass ratio of each component is: maleic anhydride 40-45 part, citric acid 13-16 part, nitric acid phosphorus 15-20 part, biochemical fulvic acid 13-15 part, humic acids 7-10 part, chelated iron 1-2 part, chelated zinc 2-3 part, ammonium sulfate 15-17 part, Ureaphil 15-20 part, urease inhibitor 2-4 part, zinc chloride 1-3 part, chitosan 1.2-1.5 part.
The application of a kind of saltings height nitrogen sustained slow-release fertilizer in Acer negundo. L plantation, described application, comprise the selection in saltings, described saltings, severe basic sulfate salt marsh soil in genus, the vitriol of 100 grams of soil is more than 0.5 milligramequivalent, pH is greater than 8.0 and is less than 9.5, saltiness is greater than 0.5% soil being less than 1.5%, 0-20cm available phosphorus content is 10.3-10.8mg/kg.
Described application, comprises cutting propagation, described cutting propagation, and select diameter 8mm cutting as cuttings, each cuttings is cut into 16cm, retains 2-3 joint, and 2cm place on bud, upper end is cut into flat mouth, and lower end is truncated in the lower 0.5cm place of joint, and otch is level and smooth; Inserting the native degree of depth is 1/2 of cutting length, spacing in the rows 4cm, line-spacing 8cm.
Described application, comprises plantation, described plantation, the plantation nursery stock Acer negundo. L of employing, for growing to plant diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 2cm through cutting propagation, and height 2.5-3m.
Described cutting propagation, the callus induction rate of Acer negundo. L is 92.1-93.8%, and rooting rate is 85.6-90.4%, and cuttings surviving rate is 95.6-97.9%.
compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) the present invention effectively improves the alkaline land soil of planting area, reduces sulphate content in soil, and reduce soil pH, in soil, sulphate content is 0.12-0.16mg/100g soil, and soil pH is 7.6-7.8.
(2) after fertilizer of the present invention is applied to saltings, improve available phosphorus content in soil, improve phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency: in 0-20cm soil, available phosphorus content is 35.1-37.9mg/kg, the fertile utilization ratio of Soil Phosphorus improves 13-16%.
(3) fertilizer of the present invention, after being applied to saltings, the nitrogenous fertilizer release rate in 28d is no more than 75%, and slow-release fertilizer fertilizer efficiency extends more than 30 days, cost-saving 20-25%.
(4) saltings that fertilizer of the present invention is used for is planted, and the transplanting survival rate of Acer negundo. L is 96.7-98.9%, and height year increment is 80-100cm, and diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground year increment is 1.5-2.5cm, and hat width year increment is 62-95cm, the output increased 12-16% of fruit.
(5) fertilizer of the present invention is planted for the saltings of Acer negundo. L, and Acer negundo. L can the low temperature of resistance to-42 ~-47 DEG C.
(6) Acer negundo. L of the present invention is in the nursery stage, and callus induction rate is 92.1-93.8%, and rooting rate is 85.6-90.4%, and cuttings surviving rate is 95.6-97.9%.
Embodiment
embodiment 1 one kinds of saltings high phosphorus sustained slow-release fertilizers
(1) fertilizer formula
(2) preparation method
A, melting
By nitric acid phosphorus, Ureaphil through the high-temperature fusion of 172-175 DEG C, enter in dashpot, deliver in tempering tank after metering;
B, preheating
All the other raw materials, after metering, send in agitator according to proportioning and fully mix, send in batch mixing well heater, be heated to 100-110 DEG C after mixing;
Prepared by c, low temperature eutectic
The preheating material (except chitosan) that melting nitric acid phosphorus a step prepared, Ureaphil are prepared with b step mixes, slip is mixed and made into through high shear agitation machine, slip mixing time is 5-6min, form the low temperature eutectic with certain fluidity energy, and temperature is controlled at 120-130 DEG C, standby granulation is used;
D, granulation
By the mixed slurry of step c, deliver to prilling spry, under the effect of shower nozzle rotational shear centrifugal force, mixture is evenly sprayed into globular small droplets, small droplets is at diameter 25-30m, slowly fall in the tower of high 130-135m, through being cooled to 40-42 DEG C with in tower after upstream heat exchange, composite fertilizer's small-particle;
E. overlay film
After small-particle prepared by Step d sieves, carry out chitosan overlay film.
embodiment 2 one kinds of saltings high phosphorus sustained slow-release fertilizers
(1) fertilizer formula
(2) preparation method
The preparation method of embodiment 1 is adopted to prepare fertilizer.
embodiment 3 one kinds of saltings high phosphorus sustained slow-release fertilizers
(1) fertilizer formula
(2) preparation method
The preparation method of embodiment 1 is adopted to prepare fertilizer.
the application of the above-mentioned fertilizer of embodiment 4 in Acer negundo. L plantation
(1) selection in saltings
The vitriol of 100 grams of soil is more than 0.5 milligramequivalent, and pH is greater than 8.0 and is less than 9.5, and saltiness is greater than 0.5% soil being less than 1.5%, and severe basic sulfate salt marsh soil in genus, 0-20cm available phosphorus content is 10.3-10.8mg/kg.
(2) cutting propagation
1) slotting machine prepares:
Slotting machine is located in temperature control green house, and employing perlite is matrix, and the thick perlite of paving 8-10cm, lays vermiculite under it, between vermiculite and perlite, make sealing coat with non-woven fabrics;
2) cutting is chosen:
Select the cloudy day, take robust growth on Acer negundo. L maternal plant, give birth to spray then as cutting without disease and pest, cutting access time is 5-7 month;
3) cuttings makes:
Select diameter 8mm cutting as cuttings, each cuttings is cut into 16cm, retains 2-3 joint, and 2cm place on bud, upper end is cut into flat mouth, and lower end is truncated in the lower 0.5cm place of joint, and otch is level and smooth; By described cuttings soaking disinfection 15 minutes;
4) cuttings process and cuttage:
In 100ppm naphthylacetic acid growth regulator, 3h is soaked by bottom the cuttings after disinfecting; Adopt the cuttage of straight cutting method in step 1) described in slotting machine, inserting the native degree of depth is 1/2 of cutting length, spacing in the rows 4cm, line-spacing 8cm;
5) manage after cuttage:
In temperature control green house, during cuttage to Callus formation, keep shading rate 80%, relative humidity 95%, 30 DEG C-40 DEG C;
Then reduce atmospheric moisture gradually to the phase of taking root after cuttage middle and later periods and Callus formation, control atmospheric moisture at 70%-80%, temperature 30 DEG C-40 DEG C;
When the plant diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground grows to 2cm, when highly growing to 2.5-3m, carry out transplanting plantation.
(3) apply fertilizer, whole, plantation
Autumn and winter season carries out overall site preparation, spreads fertilizer over the fields into saltings by fertilizer of the present invention according to the consumption of 100kg/ mu, then carries out ploughing deeply soil;
Dig the Shen Du≤80cm in cave; Water is put in nursery stock bottom and soaks 2-4 days; Seedling butt portion embedded depth being reached 80cm to exist side by side by showing earthen backfill in bottom, seedling is done and combines closely with soil, then layering being filled up urgent.
(4) irrigation and draining
Irrigate the rotation flow method adopting salty, light irrigation frequency than 1:2, the salinity of salt water is 2.0-4.32g/L, and each irrigation quantity controls at 310-320m
3/ hm
2.
(5) manage
The tree-pruning strong to tree vigo(u)r, note removing overstocked outside branch, the tree more weak to growth potential, dredges after deleting pruning and in conjunction with cutting back, will inspire shoot, should wipe out intersection branch, sick branch and withered branch, the pruning rate of annual every strain tree can not exceed 25% of whole strain branch, will carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, spray 1:2:200 Bordeaux mixture except sparse branching, 70% thiophanate methyl, 1000 times of liquid etc., prevent and treat multiple disease and pest.
test-results:
After fertilizer of the present invention is used for saltings, the alkaline land soil of effective improvement planting area, reduce sulphate content in soil, reduce soil pH, improve available phosphorus content in soil, improve phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency, plant after 1 year, in soil, sulphate content is 0.12-0.16mg/100g soil, and soil pH is 7.6-7.8, in 0-20cm soil, available phosphorus content is 35.1-37.9mg/kg, and the fertile utilization ratio of Soil Phosphorus improves 13-16%.
After fertilizer of the present invention is applied to saltings, the nitrogenous fertilizer release rate in 28d is no more than 75%, and slow-release fertilizer fertilizer efficiency extends more than 30 days, cost-saving 20-25%.
Fertilizer of the present invention is applied to the saltings plantation of Acer negundo. L, and Acer negundo. L transplanting survival rate is 96.7-98.9%, and height year increment is 80-100cm, and diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground year increment is 1.5-2.5cm, and hat width year increment is 62-95cm, the output increased 12-16% of fruit.
Fertilizer of the present invention is applied to the saltings plantation of Acer negundo. L, and Acer negundo. L can the low temperature of resistance to-42 ~-47 DEG C.
Acer negundo. L of the present invention is in the nursery stage, and callus induction rate is 92.1-93.8%, and rooting rate is 85.6-90.4%, and cuttings surviving rate is 95.6-97.9%.
Specific targets are in table 1.
As seen from the experiment, embodiment 2 is preferred embodiments.
The above is the citing of best mode for carrying out the invention; the part wherein do not addressed in detail is the common practise of those of ordinary skill in the art; protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion with the content of claim; any equivalent transformation carried out based on technology enlightenment of the present invention, also within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a saltings height nitrogen sustained slow-release fertilizer, is characterized in that: described slow-release fertilizer comprises nitric acid phosphorus, humic acids, ammonium sulfate, zinc chloride, chitosan.
2. a kind of saltings according to claim 1 height nitrogen sustained slow-release fertilizer, is characterized in that: described slow-release fertilizer, also comprises maleic anhydride, citric acid, biochemical fulvic acid, chelated iron, chelated zinc, Ureaphil, urease inhibitor.
3. a kind of saltings according to claim 1 height nitrogen sustained slow-release fertilizer, it is characterized in that: described slow-release fertilizer, the mass ratio of each component is: maleic anhydride 40-45 part, citric acid 13-16 part, nitric acid phosphorus 15-20 part, biochemical fulvic acid 13-15 part, humic acids 7-10 part, chelated iron 1-2 part, chelated zinc 2-3 part, ammonium sulfate 15-17 part, Ureaphil 15-20 part, urease inhibitor 2-4 part, zinc chloride 1-3 part, chitosan 1.2-1.5 part.
4. the application of saltings height nitrogen sustained slow-release fertilizer in Acer negundo. L plantation, it is characterized in that: described application, comprise the selection in saltings, described saltings, severe basic sulfate salt marsh soil in genus, the vitriol of 100 grams of soil is more than 0.5 milligramequivalent, pH is greater than 8.0 and is less than 9.5, saltiness is greater than 0.5% soil being less than 1.5%, 0-20cm available phosphorus content is 10.3-10.8mg/kg.
5. the application of a kind of saltings according to claim 4 height nitrogen sustained slow-release fertilizer in Acer negundo. L plantation, it is characterized in that: described application, comprise cutting propagation, described cutting propagation, select diameter 8mm cutting as cuttings, each cuttings is cut into 16cm, retain 2-3 joint, 2cm place on bud, upper end is cut into flat mouth, and lower end is truncated in the lower 0.5cm place of joint, and otch is level and smooth; Inserting the native degree of depth is 1/2 of cutting length, spacing in the rows 4cm, line-spacing 8cm.
6. the application of a kind of saltings according to claim 4 height nitrogen sustained slow-release fertilizer in Acer negundo. L plantation, is characterized in that: described application, comprises plantation, described plantation, the plantation nursery stock Acer negundo. L adopted, for growing to plant diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 2cm through cutting propagation, height 2.5-3m.
7. the application of a kind of saltings according to claim 5 height nitrogen sustained slow-release fertilizer in Acer negundo. L plantation, it is characterized in that: described cutting propagation, the callus induction rate of Acer negundo. L is 92.1-93.8%, and rooting rate is 85.6-90.4%, and cuttings surviving rate is 95.6-97.9%.
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| CN201510254900.3A CN104876728A (en) | 2015-05-19 | 2015-05-19 | Saline-alkali soil high-nitrogen long-acting slow-release fertilizer and application thereof in planting of acer negundo |
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| CN201510254900.3A CN104876728A (en) | 2015-05-19 | 2015-05-19 | Saline-alkali soil high-nitrogen long-acting slow-release fertilizer and application thereof in planting of acer negundo |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102517030A (en) * | 2011-11-07 | 2012-06-27 | 孙东军 | Saline-alkali soil improver |
| CN103319242A (en) * | 2013-06-12 | 2013-09-25 | 高晨曦 | Stress-resistance multielement quick-acting water-soluble fertilizer |
| CN104521539A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-04-22 | 安徽农业大学 | Gold leaf acer negundo twig cutting seedling method |
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- 2015-05-19 CN CN201510254900.3A patent/CN104876728A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102517030A (en) * | 2011-11-07 | 2012-06-27 | 孙东军 | Saline-alkali soil improver |
| CN103319242A (en) * | 2013-06-12 | 2013-09-25 | 高晨曦 | Stress-resistance multielement quick-acting water-soluble fertilizer |
| CN104521539A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-04-22 | 安徽农业大学 | Gold leaf acer negundo twig cutting seedling method |
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Application publication date: 20150902 |