CN104864844A - Mechanism and method for statically and dynamically observing building - Google Patents

Mechanism and method for statically and dynamically observing building Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104864844A
CN104864844A CN201510269490.XA CN201510269490A CN104864844A CN 104864844 A CN104864844 A CN 104864844A CN 201510269490 A CN201510269490 A CN 201510269490A CN 104864844 A CN104864844 A CN 104864844A
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China
Prior art keywords
mark
box body
wall
screw
observation
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CN201510269490.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN104864844B (en
Inventor
欧国原
欧清峰
毛祥华
蒋国平
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Sheng Wei Development Co Ltd Of Fujian Province
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Sheng Wei Development Co Ltd Of Fujian Province
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C11/00—Photogrammetry or videogrammetry, e.g. stereogrammetry; Photographic surveying
    • G01C11/04—Interpretation of pictures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
    • G01C15/02—Means for marking measuring points
    • G01C15/04—Permanent marks; Boundary markers

Abstract

The invention relates to a mechanism for statically and dynamically observing a building. The mechanism comprises a box embedded in a wall, wherein a nut is arranged at the bottom of the box and penetrates through the box to be embedded in the wall, the top of the box is flush with the surface of the wall, an observing screw is screwed in the nut, a cross-shaped scale mark is arranged in the middle of the end cap of the observing screw, round black and white marks are arranged at four ends and the center of the scale mark, and the plane where the scale mark is located is perpendicular to the ground level. A building measuring point can be dismounted, can be packaged after dismounted, is attractive in appearance after packaged and overcomes defects that wall attractiveness is damaged and insecurity is caused due to the fact that steel bars of a common observing point are reserved outside the wall. The intersection point of the screw with a cross-shaped head is the monitoring point and is more accurate by comparison with the common observing point. By means of the cross-shaped scale marker and rectangular combination of the black and white marks, the mechanism can be used for dynamically observing a fixed target.

Description

A kind of building sound state sampling mechanism and method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of building sound state sampling mechanism and method thereof.
Background technology
Along with the continuous construction of China's construction-engineering project, security issues become increasingly urgent for buildings, according to China's construction work crash analysis, because fractional unit thinks little of the monitoring of work progress, thus cause more serious engineering accident, even cause personnel casualty accidents, as the unstability of architectural exterior-protecting construction, the crack of neighboring buildings and the destruction etc. of underground installation.Kinetic measurement is so important, a kind of new digital photogrammetric technology is applied in engineering, digital photogrammetry briefly, utilize the Image Acquisition such as camera or video camera instrument to carry out shooting to the static state of target or current intelligence exactly and obtain target sequence or Single frame digital image, then utilize Digital Image Processing analytical technology to solve the parameter or kinematic parameter of trying to achieve target with analytical algorithm in conjunction with various target information.With traditional photography measure unlike, digital photogrammetry is not determine testee position by the image of analytic record on film or electron carrier, but a kind of modern technologies method of increasingly automated acquisition information measured.It, by the locus at digital image processing techniques accurate evaluating objects different time place, then compares with target initial position, and then obtains the deformation displacement amount of target.But, the first, current most digital photogrammetry technology all rests on laboratory stage, and survey instrument belongs to Laboratory Instruments more, poor to Practical Project environmental suitability, market does not also have ripe surveying instrument.Be that its measurement point needs to make to one of dynamic real-time measurement important restriction, and how install how to combine the problem such as static and be difficult to solve.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned prior art Problems existing and make improvement, namely technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of building sound state sampling mechanism and method thereof, and can carry out dynamic and static state observation to building, accuracy of observation is higher simultaneously.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, a kind of technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of building sound state sampling mechanism, comprise one and be embedded in box body in body of wall, nut is provided with bottom described box body, this nut is embedded in body of wall after running through box body, described box body top is concordant with wall and surface, observation screw is connected with in described nut, criss-cross scale mark is provided with in the middle of the end cap of described observation screw, four ends of this scale mark and center are all provided with circular black and white mark, and the face at this scale mark place is vertical with ground level.
Further, described box body is also provided with lid.
Further, described lid is connected with box body by Elastic buckle, and the outside surface of described lid protrudes body of wall.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, another kind of technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of building sound state observation procedure, when building wall casting, imbed box body, this box body top is concordant with metope, in box body, nut is set, this nut runs through after bottom box body and is embedded in body of wall, observation screw is connected with in this nut, criss-cross scale mark is provided with in the middle of the end cap of described observation screw, four ends of this scale mark and center are all provided with circular black and white mark, and the face at this scale mark place is vertical with ground level; Record scale mark central point and horizontal initial distance H 0, and the initial position of the circular black and white mark of scale mark four end and center, the distance of horizontal two ends mark is l lr, the distance of vertical two ends mark is l td, method is as follows:
1) static observation: screw will be observed to screw out box body top, with level measurement scale mark central point and horizontal distance H 1, H 0with H 1difference be namely the settling amount of body of wall, measure good after, will observe screw screw-in nut;
2) dynamic digital observation: observed by a digital observation system, described digital observation system comprise middle control computer and with the picture pick-up device controlled computer in this and be connected, the initial position of the circular black and white mark of scale mark four end and center is recorded in middle control computer;
First read the primary data of black and white mark by middle control computer, the distance obtaining horizontal two ends mark is l lr, the distance of vertical two ends mark is l td, identify respectively according to image recognition principle and calculate the image pixel coordinates of 5 black and white marks, being respectively left mark (p xl, p yl), right mark (p xr, p yr), upper mark (p xu, p yu), lower mark (p xd, p yd) and center mark (p xo, p yo);
The image of existing mark is gathered again by picture pick-up device, according to four marks of four ends namely can obtain these four mark places region in image pixel and coordinate between relation, when black and white mark position, center offsets, its image pixel coordinates becomes (q xo, q yo), by substituting into formula (1) and (2)
x = 1 l r ( p x r - p x l ) 2 + ( p y r - p y l ) 2 ( q x o - p x o ) 2 + ( q y o - p y o ) 2 - - - ( 1 )
y = 1 t d ( p x u - p x d ) 2 + ( p y u - p y d ) 2 ( q x o - p x o ) 2 + ( q y o - p y o ) 2 - - - ( 2 )
Calculate center black and white mark its level in the plane and vertical displacement.
Further, step 2) in measuring result error calculated by formula (3), first to set in the sign image collected left and right and up and down between mark as m pixel, l lrand l tdphysical size be H millimeter, the deviation of physical size is Δ millimeter, then the error estimate of measurement result is:
σ ^ ≈ H m × δ × ( 1 + Δ H ) × ( 1 + δ m ) - - - ( 3 )
Wherein for measuring result error, δ is mark precision in advance, due to m>> δ, H>> Δ, if instrument is enough stable and environmental baseline is good, then measuring accuracy determines primarily of enlargement factor (H/m) and monumented point extraction accuracy δ.
Further, described instrument enough stable and environmental baseline is well for adopting that plot quality is good, power good and flow perturbation little.
Further, described box body is also provided with lid, after detection, covers lid.
Further, flow perturbation and various interference can be used as noise, the pixel precision of major effect imaging, for precision analysis is convenient, are summed up as picture point extraction accuracy.For improving precision, adopt multiple averaging method.To pure random noise, n time average precision is single shot occuracy
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect: construction account mechanism of the present invention can dismantle, and can encapsulate after dismounting, good looking appearance after encapsulation, unlike common observation station reserved steel bar outside body of wall, damage body of wall is attractive in appearance, and dangerous.Cross scale mark intersection point of the present invention is monitoring point, higher than common observation station precision.Cross scale mark of the present invention and black and white mark combine can also fix target as dynamic monitoring.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described in detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional exploded view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the organigram do not observed in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is organigram when observing in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the organigram observing screw end cap in the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure: 1-box body, 2-nut, 3-observes screw, 31-end cap, 32-scale mark, 33-black and white mark, 4-lid, 41-Elastic buckle.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: as shown in figures 1-4, a kind of building sound state sampling mechanism, comprise one and be embedded in box body 1 in body of wall, nut 2 is provided with bottom described box body 1, be embedded in body of wall after this nut 2 runs through box body 1, described box body 1 top is concordant with wall and surface, observation screw 3 is connected with in described nut 2, criss-cross scale mark 32 is provided with in the middle of the end cap 31 of described observation screw 3, four ends of this scale mark 32 and center are all provided with circular black and white mark 33, and the face at this scale mark 32 place is vertical with ground level.
In the present embodiment, described box body is also provided with lid 4, protection observation screw, simultaneously.
In the present embodiment, for ease of opening and closing, described lid 4 is connected with box body 1 by Elastic buckle 41, and the outside surface of described lid 4 protrudes body of wall.
A kind of building sound state observation procedure, when building wall casting, imbed box body, this box body top is concordant with metope, in box body, arrange nut, and this nut runs through after bottom box body and is embedded in body of wall, observation screw is connected with in this nut, be provided with criss-cross scale mark in the middle of the end cap of described observation screw, four ends of this scale mark and center are all provided with circular black and white mark, and the face at this scale mark place is vertical with ground level; Record scale mark central point and horizontal initial distance H 0, and the initial position of the circular black and white mark of scale mark four end and center, the distance of horizontal two ends mark is l lr, the distance of vertical two ends mark is l td, method is as follows:
1) static observation: screw will be observed to screw out box body top, with level measurement scale mark central point and horizontal distance H 1, H 0with H 1difference be namely the settling amount of body of wall, measure good after, will observe screw screw-in nut;
2) dynamic digital observation: observed by a digital observation system, described digital observation system comprise middle control computer and with the picture pick-up device controlled computer in this and be connected, the initial position of the circular black and white mark of scale mark four end and center is recorded in middle control computer;
First read the primary data of black and white mark by middle control computer, the distance obtaining horizontal two ends mark is l lr, the distance of vertical two ends mark is l td, identify respectively according to image recognition principle and calculate the image pixel coordinates of 5 black and white marks, being respectively left mark (p xl, p yl), right mark (p xr, p yr), upper mark (p xu, p yu), lower mark (p xd, p yd) and center mark (p xo, p yo);
The image of existing mark is gathered again by picture pick-up device, according to four marks of four ends namely can obtain these four mark places region in image pixel and coordinate between relation, when black and white mark position, center offsets, its image pixel coordinates becomes (q xo, q yo), by substituting into formula (1) and (2)
x = 1 l r ( p x r - p x l ) 2 + ( p y r - p y l ) 2 ( q x o - p x o ) 2 + ( q y o - p y o ) 2 - - - ( 1 )
y = 1 t d ( p x u - p x d ) 2 + ( p y u - p y d ) 2 ( q x o - p x o ) 2 + ( q y o - p y o ) 2 - - - ( 2 )
Calculate center black and white mark its level in the plane and vertical displacement.
In the present embodiment, step 2) in measuring result error calculated by formula (3), first to set in the sign image collected left and right and up and down between mark as m pixel, l lrand l tdphysical size be H millimeter, the deviation of physical size is Δ millimeter, then the error estimate of measurement result is:
σ ^ ≈ H m × δ × ( 1 + Δ H ) × ( 1 + δ m ) - - - ( 3 )
Wherein for measuring result error, δ is mark precision in advance, due to m>> δ, H>> Δ, if instrument is enough stable and environmental baseline is good, then measuring accuracy determines primarily of enlargement factor (H/m) and monumented point extraction accuracy δ.Adopt sub-pixel positioning technology, can reach 0.2 pixel to the monumented point extraction accuracy carrying out special marking, current instrument can the image of acquisition resolution 1280 × 1024, and instrument field angle is ± 15 points.If get m=1000, H=500mm, Δ=1mm, δ=0.2, then the error estimate of the measurement result calculated by formula (3) is 0.1 millimeter.
In the present embodiment, described instrument is enough stable and environmental baseline is well for adopting that plot quality is good, power good and flow perturbation little.
In the present embodiment, flow perturbation and various interference can be used as noise, the pixel precision of major effect imaging, for precision analysis is convenient, are summed up as picture point extraction accuracy.For improving precision, adopt multiple averaging method.To pure random noise, n time average precision is single shot occuracy
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, all equalizations done according to the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a building sound state sampling mechanism, it is characterized in that: comprise one and be embedded in box body in body of wall, nut is provided with bottom described box body, this nut is embedded in body of wall after running through box body, described box body top is concordant with wall and surface, is connected with observation screw in described nut, is provided with criss-cross scale mark in the middle of the end cap of described observation screw, four ends of this scale mark and center are all provided with circular black and white mark, and the face at this scale mark place is vertical with ground level.
2. building sound state sampling mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described box body is also provided with lid.
3. building sound state sampling mechanism according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described lid is connected with box body by Elastic buckle, and the outside surface of described lid protrudes body of wall.
4. a building sound state observation procedure, it is characterized in that: when building wall casting, imbed box body, this box body top is concordant with metope, in box body, arrange nut, and this nut runs through after bottom box body and is embedded in body of wall, observation screw is connected with in this nut, be provided with criss-cross scale mark in the middle of the end cap of described observation screw, four ends of this scale mark and center are all provided with circular black and white mark, and the face at this scale mark place is vertical with ground level; Record scale mark central point and horizontal initial distance H 0, method is as follows:
1) static observation: screw will be observed to screw out box body top, with level measurement scale mark central point and horizontal distance H 1, H 0with H 1difference be namely the settling amount of body of wall, measure good after, will observe screw screw-in nut;
2) dynamic digital observation: observed by a digital observation system, described digital observation system comprise middle control computer and with the picture pick-up device controlled computer in this and be connected, the initial position of the circular black and white mark of scale mark four end and center is recorded in middle control computer;
First read the primary data of black and white mark by middle control computer, the distance obtaining horizontal two ends mark is l lr, the distance of vertical two ends mark is l td, identify respectively according to image recognition principle and calculate the image pixel coordinates of 5 black and white marks, being respectively left mark (p xl, p yl), right mark (p xr, p yr), upper mark (p xu, p yu), lower mark (p xd, p yd) and center mark (p xo, p yo);
The image of existing mark is gathered again by picture pick-up device, according to four marks of four ends namely can obtain these four mark places region in image pixel and coordinate between relation, when black and white mark position, center offsets, its image pixel coordinates becomes (q xo, q yo), by substituting into formula (1) and (2)
Calculate center black and white mark its level in the plane and vertical displacement.
5. building sound state observation procedure according to claim 4, is characterized in that: step 2) in measuring result error calculated by formula (3), first to set in the sign image collected left and right and up and down between mark as m pixel, l lrand l tdphysical size be H millimeter, the deviation of physical size is Δ millimeter, then the error estimate of measurement result is:
Wherein for measuring result error, δ is mark precision in advance, due to m>> δ, H>> Δ, if instrument is enough stable and environmental baseline is good, then measuring accuracy determines primarily of enlargement factor (H/m) and monumented point extraction accuracy δ.
6. building sound state observation procedure according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described instrument is enough stable and environmental baseline is well for adopting that plot quality is good, power good and flow perturbation little.
7. building sound state observation procedure according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described box body is also provided with lid, after detection, covers lid.
CN201510269490.XA 2015-05-25 2015-05-25 A kind of building sound state sampling mechanism and its method Active CN104864844B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111174754A (en) * 2019-12-30 2020-05-19 陕西建工第九建设集团有限公司 Building settlement device observation point

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10160469A (en) * 1996-11-26 1998-06-19 Kunihiro Aki Regular triangular geodetic datum point by spherical triangular method in shrine site
CN202420416U (en) * 2011-12-30 2012-09-05 山东大学 Arch crown settlement site measurer in tunnel monitoring measurement
CN203011377U (en) * 2012-11-16 2013-06-19 江西省电力设计院 Bolt type settlement observation mark
CN203216493U (en) * 2013-04-07 2013-09-25 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 Buckling box for protecting settlement observation point
US20140216328A1 (en) * 2013-02-05 2014-08-07 Rhino Marking & Protection Systems Hideout utility test station and marker
CN203881321U (en) * 2014-04-09 2014-10-15 天津大学 Horizontal displacement monitoring device
CN203893859U (en) * 2014-06-18 2014-10-22 天津市建工工程总承包有限公司 Telescopic building settlement observation label
CN204255341U (en) * 2015-01-28 2015-04-08 中国十七冶集团有限公司 The servicing unit of dish footage number high assay

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10160469A (en) * 1996-11-26 1998-06-19 Kunihiro Aki Regular triangular geodetic datum point by spherical triangular method in shrine site
CN202420416U (en) * 2011-12-30 2012-09-05 山东大学 Arch crown settlement site measurer in tunnel monitoring measurement
CN203011377U (en) * 2012-11-16 2013-06-19 江西省电力设计院 Bolt type settlement observation mark
US20140216328A1 (en) * 2013-02-05 2014-08-07 Rhino Marking & Protection Systems Hideout utility test station and marker
CN203216493U (en) * 2013-04-07 2013-09-25 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 Buckling box for protecting settlement observation point
CN203881321U (en) * 2014-04-09 2014-10-15 天津大学 Horizontal displacement monitoring device
CN203893859U (en) * 2014-06-18 2014-10-22 天津市建工工程总承包有限公司 Telescopic building settlement observation label
CN204255341U (en) * 2015-01-28 2015-04-08 中国十七冶集团有限公司 The servicing unit of dish footage number high assay

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111174754A (en) * 2019-12-30 2020-05-19 陕西建工第九建设集团有限公司 Building settlement device observation point
CN111174754B (en) * 2019-12-30 2021-07-23 陕西建工第九建设集团有限公司 Building settlement device observation point

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