CN104864844B - A kind of building sound state sampling mechanism and its method - Google Patents
A kind of building sound state sampling mechanism and its method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104864844B CN104864844B CN201510269490.XA CN201510269490A CN104864844B CN 104864844 B CN104864844 B CN 104864844B CN 201510269490 A CN201510269490 A CN 201510269490A CN 104864844 B CN104864844 B CN 104864844B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C11/00—Photogrammetry or videogrammetry, e.g. stereogrammetry; Photographic surveying
- G01C11/04—Interpretation of pictures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
- G01C15/02—Means for marking measuring points
- G01C15/04—Permanent marks; Boundary markers
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of building sound state sampling mechanism, the box body being embedded in including one in body of wall, the box body bottom is provided with nut, the nut is embedded in body of wall after box body, the box body top is concordant with wall and surface, is connected with observation screw in the nut, the end cap middle setting of observation screw graduation mark cruciferous, four ends of the graduation mark and center are both provided with circular black and white mark, and the face that the graduation mark is located is vertical with ground level.The construction account point of the present invention can be dismantled, and can encapsulate, good looking appearance after encapsulation after dismounting, unlike common observation station reserved steel bar is outside body of wall, attractive in appearance to body of wall damage, and dangerous.The crosshair intersection point of the present invention is monitoring point, higher than common observation station precision.The crosshair of the present invention is combined with black and white rectangle can also fix target as dynamic monitoring.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of building sound state sampling mechanism and its method.
Background technology
With the continuous construction of China's construction-engineering project, security issues become increasingly urgent for building, is built according to China
Engineering accident analysis understands, as fractional unit thinks little of the monitoring of work progress, so as to cause more serious engineering accident,
Even personnel casualty accidentses, the such as unstability of architectural exterior-protecting construction, the crack of neighboring buildings and the destruction of underground installation etc. are caused.
Kinetic measurement is so important, and a kind of new digital photogrammetric technology is applied in engineering, digital photogrammetry letter
Single says, exactly carries out shooting using the images such as camera or video camera acquisition instrument to the either statically or dynamically situation of target and obtains
Target sequence or Single frame digital image, then using Digital Image Processing analytical technology combine various target informations solution and
Parser tries to achieve the parameter of target or kinematic parameter.From unlike traditional photography measurement, digital photogrammetry is not logical
Undue image of the new record on film or electron carrier is determining testee position, but a kind of increasingly automated acquisition quilt
The modern technologies method of measurement information.It accurately analyzes the space bit at target different time place by digital image processing techniques
Put, be then compared with target initial position, and then obtain the deformation displacement amount of target.However, first, most at present
Digital photogrammetry technology all rests on laboratory stage, belongs to Laboratory Instruments survey tool more, suitable to Practical Project environment
Answering property is poor, the measuring instrument for also not having maturation on market.An important restriction to dynamic real-time measurement is its measurement point
Need to make, and how to install, be difficult to solve the problems such as how to combine static.
Content of the invention
The problem that the present invention is present for above-mentioned prior art makes improvement, i.e., the technical problem to be solved is
A kind of building sound state sampling mechanism and its method are provided, can be while to building into Mobile state and static observation, accuracy of observation
Higher.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, a kind of technical scheme of the present invention is：A kind of building sound state sampling mechanism, bag
A box body being embedded in body of wall is included, the box body bottom is provided with nut, the nut is embedded in body of wall after box body, institute
State box body top concordant with wall and surface, in the nut, be connected with observation screw, the end cap middle setting of the observation screw
Graduation mark cruciferous, four ends of the graduation mark and center are both provided with circular black and white mark, the face that the graduation mark is located
Vertical with ground level.
Further, lid is additionally provided with the box body.
Further, the lid is connected with box body by Elastic buckle, and the outer surface of the lid protrudes body of wall.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, another kind of technical scheme of the present invention is：A kind of building sound state observation procedure,
When building wall is cast, box body is imbedded, the box body top is concordant with metope, nut is set in box body, the nut is passed through
It is embedded in after wearing box body bottom in body of wall, observation screw in the nut, is connected with, the end cap middle setting of the observation screw has
Criss-cross graduation mark, four ends of the graduation mark and center are both provided with circular black and white mark, the face that the graduation mark is located with
Ground level is vertical；Graduation mark central point is recorded with horizontal initial distance H0, and four end of graduation mark and center circle
The initial position of black and white mark, the distance of horizontal two ends mark is llr, the distance of vertical two ends mark is ltd, method is as follows：
1) static observation：Will observation screw screw out box body top, with level measurement graduation mark central point with horizontal
Apart from H1, H0With H1Difference be body of wall settling amount, after measurement is good, observation screw is screwed in nut；
2) dynamic digital observation：It is observed by a digital observation system, the digital observation system includes middle control electricity
Brain and the picture pick-up device being connected with control computer in this, by four end of graduation mark and the initial position record of center circle black and white mark
In middle control computer；
The primary data of black and white mark is read by middle control computer first, and the distance for obtaining horizontal two ends mark is llr, erect
The distance of straight two ends mark is ltd, recognize and calculate the image pixel seat of 5 black and white marks according to image recognition principle respectively
Mark, respectively left mark (pxl, pyl), right mark (pxr, pyr), upper mark (pxu, pyu), lower mark (pxd, pyd) and center mark
(pxo, pyo)；
The image of existing black and white mark is gathered by picture pick-up device again, and four black and white marks according to four ends can be obtained
The image pixel in region and the relation between coordinate that this four black and white marks are located, when center black and white mark position offsets
When, its image pixel coordinates is changed into (qxo, qyo), by substituting into formula (1) and (2)
Be calculated center black and white mark its horizontal displacement x in the plane and vertical displacement y.
Further, step 2) in measuring result error by formula (3) calculate, first set in the sign image for collecting
It is m pixel between left and right and upper and lower black and white mark, llrAnd ltdActual size be H millimeter, the deviation of actual size is Δ millimeter,
Then the error estimate of measurement result is：
WhereinFor measuring result error, δ is index point extraction accuracy, due to m>>δ,H>>Δ, if instrument sufficiently stable and
Environmental condition is good, then certainty of measurement is mainly determined by multiplication factor (H/m) and index point extraction accuracy δ.
Further, the instrument is sufficiently stable and environmental condition well in order to adopt, plot quality is good, power good and air-flow are disturbed
Dynamic little.
Further, lid is additionally provided with the box body, after detection is finished, cover lid.
Further, flow perturbation and various interference can be used as noise, and the pixel precision of main impact imaging, is that precision is divided
Analysis is convenient, is attributed to picture point extraction accuracy.For improving precision, using multiple averaging method.To pure random noise, n time
Average precision is single shot occuracy
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：The construction account mechanism of the present invention can dismantle, and tear open
Can encapsulate after unloading, good looking appearance after encapsulation, unlike common observation station reserved steel bar is outside body of wall, attractive in appearance to body of wall cause brokenly
Bad and dangerous.The cross graduation mark intersection point of the present invention is monitoring point, higher than common observation station precision.The ten of the present invention
Word graduation mark is combined with black and white mark can also fix target as dynamic monitoring.
The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional exploded view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the organigram that does not observe in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is organigram when observing in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the organigram for observing screw end cap in the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure：1- box body, 2- nut, 3- observation screw, 31- end cap, 32- graduation mark, 33- black and white mark, 4- lid,
41- Elastic buckle.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one：As shown in figures 1-4, a kind of building sound state sampling mechanism, the box body being embedded in including in body of wall
1,1 bottom of the box body is provided with nut 2, and the nut 2 is embedded in body of wall after the box body 1,1 top of the box body and body of wall
Metope is concordant, is connected with observation screw 3 in the nut 2,31 middle setting of end cap of the observation screw 3 quarter cruciferous
Degree line 32, four ends of the graduation mark 32 and center are both provided with circular black and white mark 33, face and ground that the graduation mark 32 is located
Plane is vertical.
In the present embodiment, lid 4 on the box body, is additionally provided with, screw is observed in protection, while.
In the present embodiment, for ease of opening and closing, the lid 4 is connected with box body 1 by Elastic buckle 41, the lid 4
Outer surface protrude body of wall.
A kind of building sound state observation procedure, when building wall is cast, imbeds box body, the box body top and metope
Concordantly, nut is set in box body, the nut is embedded in body of wall behind box body bottom, and observation spiral shell is connected with the nut
Nail, the end cap middle setting graduation mark cruciferous of the observation screw, four ends of the graduation mark and center are both provided with
Circular black and white mark, the face that the graduation mark is located are vertical with ground level；Record graduation mark central point with horizontal initial away from
From H0, and the initial position of four end of graduation mark and center circle black and white mark, the distance of horizontal two ends mark is llr, vertically
The distance of two ends mark is ltd, method is as follows：
1) static observation：Will observation screw screw out box body top, with level measurement graduation mark central point with horizontal
Apart from H1, H0With H1Difference be body of wall settling amount, after measurement is good, observation screw is screwed in nut；
2) dynamic digital observation：It is observed by a digital observation system, the digital observation system includes middle control electricity
Brain and the picture pick-up device being connected with control computer in this, by four end of graduation mark and the initial position record of center circle black and white mark
In middle control computer；
The primary data of black and white mark is read by middle control computer first, and the distance for obtaining horizontal two ends mark is llr, erect
The distance of straight two ends mark is ltd, recognize and calculate the image pixel seat of 5 black and white marks according to image recognition principle respectively
Mark, respectively left mark (pxl, pyl), right mark (pxr, pyr), upper mark (pxu, pyu), lower mark (pxd, pyd) and center mark
(pxo, pyo)；
The image of existing black and white mark is gathered by picture pick-up device again, and four black and white marks according to four ends can be obtained
The image pixel in region and the relation between coordinate that this four black and white marks are located, when center black and white mark position offsets
When, its image pixel coordinates is changed into (qxo, qyo), by substituting into formula (1) and (2)
Be calculated center black and white mark its horizontal displacement x in the plane and vertical displacement y.
In the present embodiment, step 2) in measuring result error calculated by formula (3), first set the sign image for collecting
It is m pixel between middle left and right and upper and lower black and white mark, llrAnd ltdActual size be H millimeter, the deviation of actual size is Δ milli
Rice, then the error estimate of measurement result is：
WhereinFor measuring result error, δ is index point extraction accuracy, due to m>＞ δ, H>＞ Δ, if instrument is steady enough
Fixed and environmental condition is good, then certainty of measurement is mainly determined by multiplication factor (H/m) and index point extraction accuracy δ.Using sub- picture
Plain location technology, to carrying out the index point extraction accuracy of special marking up to 0.2 pixel, current instrument can acquisition resolution
1280 × 1024 image, the instrument angle of visual field are ± 15 points.If taking m=1000, H=500mm, Δ=1mm, δ=0.2, then press
The error estimate of the calculated measurement result of formula (3) is 0.1 millimeter.
In the present embodiment, the instrument is sufficiently stable and environmental condition well for adopting that plot quality is good, power good and air-flow
Disturbance is little.
In the present embodiment, flow perturbation and various interference can be used as noise, and the pixel precision of main impact imaging, is precision
Easy analysis, are attributed to picture point extraction accuracy.For improving precision, using multiple averaging method.To pure random noise, n
Secondary average precision is single shot occuracy
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all impartial changes that is done according to scope of the present invention patent with
Modification, should all belong to the covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. one kind builds sound state observation procedure, it is characterised in that：When building wall is cast, box body, the box body is imbedded
Top is concordant with metope, arranges nut in box body, and the nut is embedded in body of wall behind box body bottom, is spun in the nut
There is an observation screw, the end cap middle setting of observation screw graduation mark cruciferous, four ends of the graduation mark and center
Circular black and white mark is both provided with, the face that the graduation mark is located is vertical with ground level；Record graduation mark central point and horizon
Initial distance H0, method is as follows：
1) static observation：Observation screw is screwed out box body top, with level measurement graduation mark central point and horizontal distance
H1, H0With H1Difference be body of wall settling amount, after measurement is good, observation screw is screwed in nut；
2) dynamic digital observation：Be observed by a digital observation system, the digital observation system include middle control computer and
With the control picture pick-up device that be connected of computer in this, by the initial position at four end of graduation mark and center circle black and white mark record in
In control computer；
The primary data of black and white mark is read by middle control computer first, and the distance for obtaining horizontal two ends mark is llr, vertical two
The distance of end mark is ltd, recognize and calculate the image pixel coordinates of 5 black and white marks according to image recognition principle respectively, point
Wei not left mark (pxl, pyl), right mark (pxr, pyr), upper mark (pxu, pyu), lower mark (pxd, pyd) and center mark (pxo,
pyo)；
Gather the image of existing black and white mark again by picture pick-up device, four black and white marks according to four ends can obtain this four
The image pixel in region and the relation between coordinate that individual black and white mark is located, when center black and white mark position offsets, its
Image pixel coordinates are changed into (qxo, qyo), by substituting into formula (1) and (2)
Be calculated center black and white mark its horizontal displacement x in the plane and vertical displacement y.
2. according to claim 1 building sound state observation procedure, it is characterised in that：Step 2) in measuring result error lead to
Formula (3) calculating is crossed, is first set as m pixel, l between left and right and upper and lower black and white mark in the sign image for collectinglrAnd ltdReality
Border a size of H millimeter, the deviation of actual size is Δ millimeter, then the error estimate of measurement result is：
WhereinFor measuring result error, δ is index point extraction accuracy, due to m>>δ,H>>Δ, if the sufficiently stable and environment of instrument
Condition is good, then certainty of measurement is mainly determined by multiplication factor (H/m) and index point extraction accuracy δ.
3. according to claim 2 building sound state observation procedure, it is characterised in that：The sufficiently stable and environment of the instrument
Well in order to adopt, plot quality is good, power good and flow perturbation are little for condition.
4. according to claim 1 building sound state observation procedure, it is characterised in that：Box is additionally provided with the box body
Lid, after detection is finished, covers lid.
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| CN201510269490.XA CN104864844B (en) | 2015-05-25 | 2015-05-25 | A kind of building sound state sampling mechanism and its method |
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| CN201510269490.XA CN104864844B (en) | 2015-05-25 | 2015-05-25 | A kind of building sound state sampling mechanism and its method |
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| CN111174754B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-07-23 | 陕西建工第九建设集团有限公司 | Building settlement device observation point |
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| JPH10160469A (en) * | 1996-11-26 | 1998-06-19 | Kunihiro Aki | Regular triangular geodetic datum point by spherical triangular method in shrine site |
| CN202420416U (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2012-09-05 | 山东大学 | Arch crown settlement site measurer in tunnel monitoring measurement |
| CN203011377U (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-06-19 | 江西省电力设计院 | Bolt type settlement observation mark |
| US9835452B2 (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2017-12-05 | Rhino Marking & Protection Systems | Hideout utility test station and marker |
| CN203216493U (en) * | 2013-04-07 | 2013-09-25 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Buckling box for protecting settlement observation point |
| CN203881321U (en) * | 2014-04-09 | 2014-10-15 | 天津大学 | Horizontal displacement monitoring device |
| CN203893859U (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2014-10-22 | 天津市建工工程总承包有限公司 | Telescopic building settlement observation label |
| CN204255341U (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-04-08 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | The servicing unit of dish footage number high assay |
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