CN104855058A - Intelligent adjusting mechanism and adjusting method for detached grain distribution for axial flow threshing and separating device - Google Patents
Intelligent adjusting mechanism and adjusting method for detached grain distribution for axial flow threshing and separating device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an intelligent adjusting mechanism and adjusting method for detached grain distribution for an axial flow threshing and separating device. The adjusting mechanism comprises a top cover, a threshing roller, a concave sieve, a detached grain device, a grain cleaning loss monitoring controller, a cleaning sieve and a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), wherein fixing plates are connected with the lower part of the concave sieve; a detached grain device is arranged between every two adjacent fixing plates; each detached grain device comprises a step-type electric push rod, an arc baseplate and a spring, the step-type electric push rod and the spring are respectively connected to the two ends of the arc baseplate, and a plurality of flow guiding assemblies are arranged on the arc baseplate; the cleaning sieve is positioned below the detached grain devices; the grain cleaning loss monitoring controller is mounted at the tail end of the cleaning sieve; the PLC is connected with the grain cleaning loss monitoring controller and the step-type electric push rods. The problem that detached grains are locally accumulated on the sieve surface to cause reduction of the cleaning performance is avoided, the detached grain distribution is relatively uniform, the grain thorough sieving and airflow blowing and supporting are promoted, the cleaning efficiency and performance are improved, and the application prospects are wide.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to combined harvester intelligentized control method field, especially a kind of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion and control method.
Background technology
For improving harvest machinery cleaning efficiency, domestic scholars is cleaned link to harvest machinery and is actively developed research.As the cleaning load adjusting device that patent CN202232226 relates to, occur that emersion object is too much the crop that harvests drying, thus during the phenomenon causing cleaning load excessive, adopt shut to stop part emersion object to be separated from concave grate, the emersion object not comprising seed in a large number is directly discharged by straw outlet, avoid it to enter cleaning room, reduce cleaning load; When emersion object is normal, the position of manual adjustments shut is avoided stopping to emersion object, reduces cleaning loss.This device operation principle essence reduces concave grate separating area to control emersion object amount, but actual conditions are, combined harvester operating environment is complicated, very large by the material characteristic difference of harvesting crops, reduce concave grate separating area and more easily occur that the seed entrainment loss that effective separating area reduces to bring increases problem; In addition, what this invention adopted is manual adjustments, and adjusting position relies on operator's experience, cannot regulate in real time according to current results situation, poor to the results adaptability of crop.
Efficient intelligent is the Main way of international advanced combine development.The automatization level of China's combined harvester entirety is also lower, seriously constrains the development of harvesting mechanization, and country also more and more payes attention to this deficiency, actively develops scientific research.The parameter optimization test of cutting vertical stream combined harvester installed threshing separator finds, axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object under centrifugal action natural radial distribution very portion is even, be subject to the inwall impact of frame both sides, cross direction profiles is situation low between the senior middle school of both sides, the problems such as sorting screen compass screen surface both sides material shape becomes to pile up, the saturating sieve of impact will inevitably be caused, thus make cleaning efficiency reduction, hydraulic performance decline.The distribution of the isolated emersion object of notch board on compass screen surface is more even, and what be more conducive to the saturating sieve of seed and air-flow blows holder, cleaning under the certain condition of area, can significantly improve cleaning efficiency and performance.And regulate the apparatus and method of sheller unit emersion object distribution have not been reported according to grain loss amount real-time intelligent.
Summary of the invention
For the axial flow threshing separation facility existed in prior art because emersion object skewness causes sorting screen compass screen surface both sides to be piled up, affects and thoroughly sieve, thus cause the deficiency that cleaning efficiency and performance significantly decline, the invention provides a kind of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion and control method, the deflector aperture in sheller unit emersion object device is regulated according to grain loss amount real-time intelligent, emersion object is evenly distributed, and then improves cleaning efficiency and performance.
The present invention realizes above-mentioned technical purpose by following technological means.
A kind of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion, comprises top cover, threshing cylinder, concave grate, emersion object device, seed cleaning loss monitor controller, sorting screen, frame and PLC;
Described threshing cylinder is between top cover and concave grate; Described concave grate bottom is connected with fixed head, is provided with emersion object device between described adjacent two fixed heads; Described emersion object device comprises step type electric push rod, circular arc base plate and spring, and described step type electric push rod and spring are installed in frame, and connects the two ends of circular arc base plate respectively; Be positioned on the circular arc base plate below concave grate and be provided with multiple guiding subassembly, described guiding subassembly comprises multiple connecting plate, rotating shaft and two pieces of deflectors, the two ends of described deflector respectively connect a connecting plate, described two pieces of deflectors lay respectively at the two sides of circular arc base plate, described rotating shaft is through multiple connecting plate and circular arc base plate, and described rotating shaft two ends are fixed on corresponding fixed head;
Described sorting screen is positioned at the below of emersion object device, and described seed cleaning loss monitor controller is installed on sorting screen tail end; Described PLC connects seed cleaning loss monitor controller and step type electric push rod, performs to step type electric push rod for receiving signal that seed cleaning loss monitor controller transmits and sending command adapted thereto.
Further, described emersion object device is two; Described fixed head is three, and lays respectively at two ends and the medium position of described concave grate.
Further, the multiple guiding subassembly set by described circular arc base plate left side and the multiple guiding subassemblies set by right-hand part are arranged symmetrically about circular arc base plate central longitudinal plane.
Further, described circular arc base plate left side and the multiple guiding subassemblies set by right-hand part are and equidistantly distribute.
Further, the deflector initial setting up state of multiple guiding subassemblies of described circular arc base plate left side is for being 30 ° with threshing cylinder rotating speed tangential direction angle.
Further, the inwall distance of the two ends distance frame of described concave grate, circular arc base plate, seed cleaning loss monitor controller and sorting screen is 10-30mm.
Further, described circular arc base plate is positioned at 10-40mm place below described concave grate.
A kind of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence control method, comprises the steps:
(1) assemble axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion on combine after, bring into operation, crop realizes threshing in the threshing space that top cover, threshing cylinder and concave grate are formed, emersion object is separated from concave grate, fall into sorting screen in the guiding of emersion object distribution component to realize cleaning, seed cleaning loss monitor controller Real-Time Monitoring seed cleaning loss amount Q, and by signal transmission to PLC;
(2) the seed cleaning loss amount Q monitored compares with the design parameter T-phase of this combine cleaning loss amount by described PLC, as Q≤T, do not send execution instruction, make step type electric push rod keep existing position, deflector maintains current aperture; As Q > T, PLC loses the relation between Q, corresponding deflector aperture Ki and step type electric push rod shift length Si according to seed cleaning, command adapted thereto is sent to step type electric push rod, the movement of control step formula electric pushrod piston, the aperture realizing deflector regulates to meet Q≤T.
Further, the relation between described seed cleaning loss Q, corresponding deflector aperture Ki and step type electric push rod shift length Si is obtained by following steps:
(1) according to concrete structure and the kinematic parameter of axial flow threshing separation facility, axial threshing separation test platform is set up;
(2) during test, by changing the displacement Si (i=1 of step type electric push rod, 2,3...n), change the aperture Ki (i=1 of deflector, 2,3...n), obtain corresponding seed cleaning loss quality Q i (i=1,2 simultaneously, 3...n), so set up seed cleaning loss Q, corresponding deflector aperture Ki and step type electric push rod shift length Si between relation.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
A kind of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion of the present invention, the seed cleaning loss amount monitored with seed cleaning loss monitor controller is for sample information, with deflector aperture for controlled device, multiplely step type electric push rod is comprised by arranging below concave grate, be provided with the circular arc base plate of multiple guiding subassembly and the emersion object device of spring, achieve the displacement of change step type electric push rod to regulate deflector aperture in guiding subassembly, avoid emersion object local accumulation on compass screen surface and cause degradation problem under sorting performance, emersion object is distributed comparatively even, ensure that grain loss amount maintains in scope of design all the time, what be conducive to the saturating sieve of seed and air-flow blows holder, cleaning under the certain condition of area, cleaning efficiency and performance can be significantly improved, have broad application prospects.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is left view and the material distribution schematic diagram of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the front view of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is emersion object apparatus structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is guiding subassembly and circular arc bottom plate structure schematic diagram in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is that described axial flow threshing separation facility is without material distribution schematic diagram during emersion object profile adjustment device.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of described fixed head.
Description of reference numerals is as follows:
1-top cover, 2-threshing cylinder, 3-concave grate, 4-emersion object device, 5-seed cleaning loss monitor controller, 6-sorting screen, 7-frame, 8-fixed head, 401-step type electric push rod, 402-circular arc base plate, 403-connecting plate, 404-rotating shaft, 405-deflector, 406-spring.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
As shown in Figure 1, axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion of the present invention, comprises top cover 1, threshing cylinder 2, concave grate 3, emersion object device 4, seed cleaning loss monitor controller 5, sorting screen 6, frame 7 and PLC.The two ends of described top cover 1, threshing cylinder 2 and concave grate 3 are fixed in frame 7, and described threshing cylinder 2 is positioned at the threshing interior volume of top cover 1 and concave grate 3 formation.
As shown in Figure 2, described concave grate 3 two ends and middle bottom are all connected with fixed head 8, are provided with emersion object device 4 between every two adjacent fixed plate 8.The width of described emersion object device 4 is slightly less than the spacing of adjacent fixed plate 8, makes the width of two emersion object devices 4 be enough to cover whole concave grate 3.Described concave grate 3, circular arc base plate 402, seed cleaning loss monitor controller 5 and sorting screen 6 and two ends all keep 10-30mm spacing with the inwall of frame 7.As shown in Figure 3, described emersion object device 4 comprises step type electric push rod 401, circular arc base plate 402 and spring 406, and step type electric push rod 401 and spring 406 are installed in frame 7, and connects the two ends of circular arc base plate 402 respectively.Described circular arc base plate 402 is positioned at 40mm place below concave grate 3; Described sorting screen 6 is positioned at the below of emersion object device 4, is uniformly distributed rear emersion object seed and assorted remaining being separated for completing; Described seed cleaning loss monitor controller 5 is installed on sorting screen 6 tail end, for the cleaning loss amount of Real-Time Monitoring seed; Described PLC connects seed cleaning loss monitor controller 5 and step type electric push rod 401, performs to step type electric push rod 401 for receiving signal that seed cleaning loss monitor controller 5 transmits and sending command adapted thereto.
As described in Figure 4, described guiding subassembly comprises 403, the rotating shaft 404 of four connecting plates and two deflectors 405, described two deflectors 405 lay respectively at the two sides of circular arc base plate 402, the two ends of described deflector 405 are fixedly connected with two connecting plates 403, and described rotating shaft 404 is passed in four connecting plates 403 and circular arc base plate 402.Multiple guiding subassembly set by described circular arc base plate 402 left side and the multiple guiding subassemblies set by right-hand part are arranged symmetrically about circular arc base plate 402 central longitudinal plane, namely the deflector 405 in circular arc base plate 402 left side is 30 ° of angles with threshing cylinder 2 rotating speed tangential direction, be 150 ° of angles at the deflector 405 of circular arc base plate 402 right half part with threshing cylinder 2 rotating speed tangential direction, this is the initial makeup location of deflector 405, deflector 405 is symmetrically installed with the adjustment being beneficial to electric pushrod 401 under duty, and then it is more even that emersion object is distributed.As shown in Figure 5, the two ends of described rotating shaft 404 are fixed in the hole set by corresponding fixed head 8.
Deflector 405 aperture adjustment process is: when the piston of step type electric push rod 401 shortens lifting circular arc base plate 402, spring 406 is elongated, left-half deflector 405 can 404 to rotate clockwise around the shaft, and right half part deflector 405 404 is rotated counterclockwise around the shaft, increases deflector 405 aperture; When the piston of step type electric push rod 401 extends compression circular arc base plate 402, spring 406 shrinks, under step type electric push rod 401 and spring 406 acting in conjunction, circular arc base plate 402 position declines, left-half deflector 405 is 404 rotations around the shaft counterclockwise, right half part 405 turns clockwise around the shaft, realizes the reduction of deflector 405 aperture.By deflector 405 aperture is adjusted to appropriate position, a large amount of emersion object can directly be dropped on the sorting screen 6 of corresponding region, and rebounded after not causing emersion object to drop to frame 7 inwall because deflector 405 aperture is excessive, do not make emersion object too concentrate the center of sorting screen 6 because deflector 405 aperture is too small simultaneously yet, on the compass screen surface finally realizing sorting screen 6, emersion object is uniformly distributed, thus be conducive to the saturating sieve of seed and air-flow blow holder, cleaning under the certain condition of area, cleaning efficiency and performance can be significantly improved.
As shown in Figure 6, if when not installing the axial flow threshing separation facility of emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion in existing combine, emersion object flies out under centrifugal force Main Function from concave grate 3 grid, drop on sorting screen 6 after multiple impacts, distribute very uneven, easily pile up in sorting screen 6 both sides, reduce the saturating sieve ability of seed, limit cleaning efficiency.But, as shown in Figure 1, after axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion of the present invention is installed in combine, emersion object device 4 works, by deflector 405 guide effect, make emersion object by can evenly drop on sorting screen 6 after concave grate 3, avoid concentrations in same region, what promote the saturating sieve of seed and air-flow blows holder, significantly improves cleaning efficiency and performance.
The control method of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion of the present invention is utilized to comprise the following steps:
(1) assemble axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion on combine after, bring into operation, crop realizes threshing in the threshing space that top cover 1, threshing cylinder 2 and concave grate 3 are formed, emersion object is separated from concave grate 3, fall into sorting screen 6 in the guiding of emersion object distribution component 4 to realize cleaning, seed cleaning loss monitor controller 5 Real-Time Monitoring seed cleaning loss amount Q, and by signal transmission to PLC;
(2) the seed cleaning loss amount Q monitored compares with the design parameter T-phase of this combine cleaning loss amount by described PLC, as Q≤T, do not send execution instruction, make step type electric push rod 401 keep existing position, deflector 405 maintains current aperture; As Q > T, PLC loses the relation between Q, corresponding deflector aperture Ki and step type electric push rod 401 shift length Si according to seed cleaning, command adapted thereto is sent to step type electric push rod 401, the movement of control step formula electric pushrod 401 piston, the aperture realizing deflector 405 regulates to meet Q≤T.
Wherein, the relation between described seed cleaning loss Q, corresponding deflector aperture Ki and electric pushrod 401 shift length Si is obtained by following steps: according to concrete structure and the kinematic parameter of axial flow threshing separation facility, set up axial threshing separation test platform; By changing the displacement Si (i=1 of step type electric push rod 401,2,3...n), change the aperture Ki (i=1,2,3...n) of deflector 405, obtain corresponding seed cleaning loss quality Q i (i=1 simultaneously, 2,3...n), and then set up the relation between seed cleaning loss Q, corresponding deflector aperture Ki and electric pushrod 401 shift length Si.
Described embodiment is preferred embodiment of the present invention; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; when not deviating from flesh and blood of the present invention, any apparent improvement that those skilled in the art can make, replacement or modification all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. an axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion, it is characterized in that, comprise top cover (1), threshing cylinder (2), concave grate (3), emersion object device (4), seed cleaning loss monitor controller (5), sorting screen (6), frame (7) and PLC;
Described threshing cylinder (2) is positioned between top cover (1) and concave grate (3), described concave grate (3) bottom is connected with fixed head (8), is provided with emersion object device (4) between described adjacent two fixed heads (8), described emersion object device (4) comprises step type electric push rod (401), circular arc base plate (402) and spring (406), described step type electric push rod (401) and spring (406) are installed in frame (7), and connect the two ends of circular arc base plate (402) respectively, be positioned on the circular arc base plate (402) below concave grate (3) and be provided with multiple guiding subassembly, described guiding subassembly comprises multiple connecting plate (403), rotating shaft (404) and two pieces of deflectors (405), the two ends of described deflector (405) respectively connect a connecting plate (403), described two pieces of deflectors (405) lay respectively at the two sides of circular arc base plate (402), described rotating shaft (404) is through multiple connecting plate (403) and circular arc base plate (402), described rotating shaft (404) two ends are fixed on corresponding fixed head (8),
Described sorting screen (6) is positioned at the below of emersion object device (4), and described seed cleaning loss monitor controller (5) is installed on sorting screen (6) tail end; Described PLC connects seed cleaning loss monitor controller (5) and step type electric push rod (401), loses signal that monitor controller (5) transmits and sends command adapted thereto perform to step type electric push rod (401) for receiving seed cleaning.
2. a kind of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described emersion object device (4) is two; Described fixed head (8) is three, and lays respectively at two ends and the medium position of described concave grate (3).
3. according to a kind of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion that claim 2 is stated, it is characterized in that, the multiple guiding subassembly set by described circular arc base plate (402) left side and the multiple guiding subassemblies set by right-hand part are arranged symmetrically about circular arc base plate (402) central longitudinal plane.
4. a kind of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described circular arc base plate (402) left side and the multiple guiding subassemblies set by right-hand part are and equidistantly distribute.
5. according to a kind of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion that claim 4 is stated, it is characterized in that, deflector (405) the initial setting up state of multiple guiding subassemblies of described circular arc base plate (402) left side is for being 30 ° with threshing cylinder (2) rotating speed tangential direction angle.
6. a kind of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the inwall distance at two ends distance frame (7) of described concave grate (3), circular arc base plate (402), seed cleaning loss monitor controller (5) and sorting screen (6) is 10-30mm.
7. a kind of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described circular arc base plate (402) is positioned at 10-40mm place, described concave grate (3) below.
8. an axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence control method, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) assemble axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion on combine after, bring into operation, crop realizes threshing in the threshing space that top cover (1), threshing cylinder (2) and concave grate (3) are formed, emersion object is separated from concave grate (3), fall into sorting screen (6) in the guiding of emersion object distribution component (4) to realize cleaning, seed cleaning loss monitor controller (5) Real-Time Monitoring seed cleaning loss amount Q, and by signal transmission to PLC;
(2) the seed cleaning loss amount Q monitored compares with the design parameter T-phase of this combine cleaning loss amount by described PLC, as Q≤T, do not send execution instruction, make step type electric push rod (401) keep existing position, deflector (405) maintains current aperture; As Q > T, PLC loses Q, relation between corresponding deflector aperture Ki and step type electric push rod (401) shift length Si according to seed cleaning, command adapted thereto is sent to step type electric push rod (401), the movement of control step formula electric pushrod (401) piston, the aperture realizing deflector (405) regulates to meet Q≤T.
9. a kind of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence control method according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described seed cleaning loss Q, relation between corresponding deflector aperture Ki and step type electric push rod (401) shift length Si are obtained by following steps:
(1) according to concrete structure and the kinematic parameter of axial flow threshing separation facility, axial threshing separation test platform is set up;
(2) during test, by changing the displacement Si (i=1 of step type electric push rod (401), 2,3...n), change the aperture Ki (i=1 of deflector (405), 2,3...n), obtain corresponding seed cleaning loss quality Q i (i=1,2 simultaneously, and then set up seed cleaning loss Q, relation between corresponding deflector aperture Ki and step type electric push rod (401) shift length Si 3...n).
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| CN106385999A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-15 | 江苏大学 | Self-adaption regulation system for threshing segregation loads of tangential flow and longitudinal axial flow devices |
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| CN108650975A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-10-16 | 江苏大学 | The automatic even distribution device of cropper emersion object and Automatic adjustment method |
| CN108811787A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-11-16 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of longitudinally axial flow threshing separation adjustable sieve |
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| CN107371644B (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2024-05-14 | 江苏大学 | Backhaul conveying uniform distribution system matched with longitudinal axial flow threshing and separating device |
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| CN108811787A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-11-16 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of longitudinally axial flow threshing separation adjustable sieve |
| CN108811787B (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2023-10-20 | 山东理工大学 | Longitudinal axial flow threshing and separating adjustable sieve |
| CN109588121A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-09 | 江苏大学 | A kind of combined harvester and its emersion object forced conveyance even distribution device |
| CN109906779B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2023-09-22 | 江苏大学 | High-efficiency threshing and cleaning device and harvester |
| CN109906779A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-06-21 | 江苏大学 | A kind of high-effect threshing cleaning unit and cropper |
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| CN112369214A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-02-19 | 江苏大学 | Rotatable anti-blocking concave plate sieve with grid bars |
| CN112369214B (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-11-23 | 江苏大学 | Rotatable anti-blocking concave plate sieve with grid bars |
| CN113875403A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-01-04 | 山东理工大学 | Improve out concave plate structure of thing evenly distributed |
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